Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(4)
Registration Nos. 333-164483 and 333-150239
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
(TO PROSPECTUS DATED MARCH 12, 2010 AND PROSPECTUS DATED APRIL 29, 2008)
6,250,000 Common Units
Genesis Energy, L.P.
Common Units Representing Limited Partner Interests
Denbury Onshore, LLC (Denbury Onshore) and Denbury Gathering & Marketing, Inc. (DGM), each an affiliate of Denbury Resources Inc. (Denbury), and James E. Davison, one of the directors of our general partner, and two other members of the Davison family (collectively, the Davison Unitholders) are selling 6,250,000 common units representing limited partner interests in Genesis Energy, L.P.
Investing in our common units involves risks. See Risk factors beginning on page S-9 of this prospectus supplement and page T-1 and U-4 of the accompanying prospectuses.
Per Share | Total | |||||
Initial Price to Public |
$ | 20.50 | $ | 128,125,000 | ||
Underwriting discounts and commissions |
$ | 0.87 | $ | 5,437,500 | ||
Proceeds, before expenses, to the selling unitholders(1) |
$ | 19.63 | $ | 122,687,500 |
(1) | If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional common units as described above, total proceeds to the selling unitholders will be $141,090,625. |
Additionally, the Davison Unitholders have granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 937,500 common units on the same terms and conditions as set forth below if the underwriters sell more than 6,250,000 common units in this offering.
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of our common units by the selling unitholders in this offering.
Our common units are traded on the NYSE Amex LLC under the symbol GEL. The last reported sales price of our common units on the NYSE Amex LLC on March 15, 2010 was $21.63 per common unit.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectuses are truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The underwriters expect to deliver the common units to purchasers on or about March 19, 2010.
Joint Book-Running Managers
Wells Fargo Securities
BofA Merrill Lynch
UBS Investment Bank
RBC Capital Markets
Co-Managers
Deutsche Bank Securities |
Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc. |
Prospectus dated March 16, 2010.
Prospectus Supplement
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S-9 | ||
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Prospectus Dated March 12, 2010
About This Prospectus |
T-1 | |
Genesis Energy, L.P. |
T-1 | |
Risk Factors |
T-1 | |
Use of Proceeds |
T-2 | |
Determination of Offering Price |
T-2 | |
Description of Our Common Units |
T-2 | |
Cash Distribution Policy |
T-5 | |
Distributions of Available Cash |
T-5 | |
Operating Surplus and Capital Surplus |
T-5 | |
Distributions of Available Cash From Operating Surplus |
T-7 | |
Distributions from Capital Surplus |
T-8 | |
Adjustment of Minimum Quarterly Distribution and Target Distribution Levels |
T-8 | |
Distributions of Cash Upon Liquidation |
T-8 | |
Description of Our Partnership Agreement |
T-10 | |
Purpose |
T-10 | |
Power of Attorney |
T-10 | |
Reimbursements of Our General Partner |
T-10 | |
Issuance of Additional Securities |
T-10 | |
Amendments to Our Partnership Agreement |
T-11 | |
Withdrawal or Removal of Our General Partner |
T-11 | |
Liquidation and Distribution of Proceeds |
T-12 | |
Change of Management Provisions |
T-12 | |
Limited Call Right |
T-12 | |
Indemnification |
T-12 | |
Registration Rights |
T-13 | |
Material Income Tax Consequences |
T-13 | |
Partnership Status |
T-14 | |
Limited Partner Status |
T-15 | |
Tax Consequences of Unit Ownership |
T-16 | |
Tax Treatment of Operations |
T-21 | |
Disposition of Common Units |
T-21 | |
Uniformity of Units |
T-23 | |
Tax-Exempt Organizations and Other Investors |
T-24 | |
Administrative Matters |
T-25 | |
State, Local, Foreign and Other Tax Consequences |
T-27 |
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Investment in Genesis by Employee Benefit Plans |
T-28 | |
Selling Unitholders |
T-29 | |
Plan of Distribution |
T-30 | |
Where You Can Find More Information |
T-33 | |
Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements |
T-34 | |
Legal Matters |
T-35 | |
Experts |
T-35 |
Prospectus Dated April 29, 2008
U-1 | ||
U-1 | ||
U-4 | ||
U-19 | ||
U-20 | ||
U-20 | ||
U-24 | ||
U-24 | ||
U-24 | ||
U-25 | ||
U-26 | ||
Adjustment of Minimum Quarterly Distribution and Target Distribution Levels |
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U-29 | ||
U-29 | ||
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U-53 | ||
U-54 | ||
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This document is in two parts. The first part is the prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering of common units by the selling unitholders. The second part is (i) the base prospectus dated March 12, 2010 (the Denbury base prospectus) and (ii) the base prospectus dated April 29, 2008 (the Davison base prospectus), which give more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. You should not assume that the information provided by this prospectus supplement or the accompanying base prospectuses, as well as information we previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission that is incorporated by reference herein, is accurate as of any date other than its respective date. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may have changed since those dates. Generally, when we refer only to the prospectus, we are referring to the two parts combined. If information varies between the prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectuses, you should rely on the information in this prospectus supplement.
You should rely only on the information in this prospectus, the accompanying base prospectuses and the documents we have incorporated by reference. We, the selling unitholders, and the underwriters have not authorized any other person to provide you with additional or different information. If anyone provides you with different or inconsistent information, you should not rely on it. We and the selling unitholders are not, and the underwriters are not, making an offer to sell these securities in any jurisdiction where an offer or sale is not permitted.
None of Genesis Energy, L.P., the selling unitholders or the underwriters or any of their respective representatives is making any representation to you regarding the legality of an investment in our common units by you under applicable laws. You should consult with your own advisors as to legal, tax, business, financial and related aspects of an investment in the common units.
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This summary highlights some basic information from this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectuses. It does not contain all the information that is important to you. You should read carefully the entire prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectuses and the other documents incorporated by reference to understand fully the terms of this offering, as well as the tax and other considerations that are important in making your investment decision.
Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to Genesis Energy, L.P., Genesis, we, our, us or like terms refer to Genesis Energy, L.P. and its operating subsidiaries; our general partner refers to Genesis Energy, LLC, the general partner of Genesis; Quintana refers to Quintana Capital Group II, L.P. and its affiliates; Davison Unitholders refers to, collectively, James E. Davison, Steven K. Davison and Todd A. Davison; Denbury refers to Denbury Resources Inc.; Denbury Onshore refers to Denbury Onshore, LLC; DG Marine refers to DG Marine Transportation, LLC and its subsidiaries; DGM refers to Denbury Gathering & Marketing, Inc.; selling unitholders refers collectively to Denbury Onshore, DGM and the Davison Unitholders; CO2 means carbon dioxide; and NaHS, which is commonly pronounced as nash, means sodium hydrosulfide. Except as the context otherwise indicates, the information in this prospectus supplement assumes no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional units.
Genesis Energy, L.P.
We are a growth-oriented limited partnership focused on the midstream segment of the oil and gas industry in the Gulf Coast region of the United States, primarily Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. We were formed in 1996 as a master limited partnership, or MLP. We have a diverse portfolio of customers, operations and assets, including refinery-related plants, pipelines, storage tanks and terminals, barges, and trucks. We provide an integrated suite of services to refineries; oil, natural gas and CO2 producers; industrial and commercial enterprises that use NaHS and caustic soda; and businesses that use CO2 and other industrial gases. Substantially all of our revenues are derived from providing services to integrated oil companies, large independent oil and gas or refinery companies, and large industrial and commercial enterprises.
We conduct our operations through subsidiaries and joint ventures. As is common with MLPs, our general partner is responsible for operating our business, including providing all necessary personnel and other resources. We manage our businesses through four divisions that constitute our reportable segments:
Pipeline Transportation
We transport crude oil and CO2 for others for a fee in the Gulf Coast region of the U.S. through approximately 550 miles of pipeline. Our Pipeline Transportation segment owns and operates three crude oil common carrier pipelines and two CO2 pipelines. Our 235-mile Mississippi System provides shippers of crude oil in Mississippi indirect access to refineries, pipelines, storage terminals and other crude oil infrastructure located in the Midwest. Our 100-mile Jay System originates in southern Alabama and the panhandle of Florida and provides crude oil shippers access to refineries, pipelines and storage near Mobile, Alabama. Our 90-mile Texas System transports crude oil from West Columbia to several delivery points near Houston. Our crude oil pipeline systems include access to a total of approximately 0.7 million barrels of crude oil storage.
Our Free State Pipeline is an 86-mile, 20 CO2 pipeline that extends from CO2 source fields near Jackson, Mississippi, to oil fields in eastern Mississippi. We have a twenty-year transportation services agreement (through 2028) related to the transportation of CO2 on our Free State Pipeline.
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In addition, Denbury and its subsidiaries have leased from us (through 2028) the NEJD Pipeline System, a 183-mile, 20 CO2 pipeline extending from the Jackson Dome, near Jackson, Mississippi, to near Donaldsonville, Louisiana. The NEJD System transports CO2 to tertiary oil recovery operations in southwest Mississippi.
Refinery Services
We primarily (i) provide services to eight refining operations located predominantly in Texas, Louisiana and Arkansas; (ii) operate significant storage and transportation assets in relation to our business and (iii) sell NaHS and caustic soda to large industrial and commercial companies. Our refinery services primarily involve processing refiners high sulfur (or sour) gas streams to remove the sulfur. Our refinery services footprint also includes terminals and we utilize railcars, ships, barges and trucks to transport product. Our refinery services contracts are typically long-term in nature and have an average remaining term of four years. NaHS is a by-product derived from our refinery services process, and it constitutes the sole consideration we receive for these services. A majority of the NaHS we receive is sourced from refineries owned and operated by large companies, including ConocoPhillips, CITGO and Ergon. We believe we are one of the largest marketers of NaHS in North and South America.
Supply and Logistics
We provide services primarily to Gulf Coast oil and gas producers and refineries through a combination of purchasing, transporting, storing, blending and marketing crude oil and refined products, primarily fuel oil. In connection with these services, we utilize our portfolio of logistical assets consisting of trucks, terminals, pipelines and barges. We have access to a suite of more than 270 trucks, 270 trailers and 1.6 million barrels of terminal storage capacity in multiple locations along the Gulf Coast as well as capacity associated with our three common carrier crude oil pipelines. In addition, our ownership interest in DG Marine provides us with access to twenty barges which, in the aggregate, include approximately 660,000 barrels of refined product transportation capacity. Usually, our supply and logistics segment experiences limited commodity price risk because it involves back-to-back purchases and sales, matching our sale and purchase volumes on a monthly basis. Unsold volumes are hedged with NYMEX derivatives to offset the remaining price risk.
Industrial Gases
| We provide CO2 and certain other industrial gases and related services to industrial and commercial enterprises. |
| We supply CO2 to industrial customers under long-term contracts, with an average remaining contract life of seven years. We acquired those contracts, as well as the CO2 necessary to satisfy substantially all of our expected obligations under those contracts, in three separate transactions. Our compensation for supplying CO2 to our industrial customers is the effective difference between the price at which we sell our CO2 under each contract and the price at which we acquired our CO2 pursuant to our volumetric production payments (also known as VPPs), minus transportation costs. In addition to supplying CO2, we own a 50% joint venture interest in T&P Syngas, from which we receive distributions earned from fees for manufacturing syngas (a combination of carbon monoxide and hydrogen), by Praxair, our 50% joint venture partner. Our other joint venture is a 50% interest in Sandhill Group, LLC, through which we process raw CO2 for sale to other customers for uses ranging from completing oil and natural gas producing wells to food processing. |
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Our Relationship with Quintana Capital Group and the Davison Family
On February 5, 2010, affiliates and co-investors of Quintana Capital Group II, L.P., along with members of the Davison family and members of our senior executive management team, acquired control of our general partner. Our general partner owns all of our general partner interest and all of our incentive distribution rights.
Quintana is an energy-focused private-equity firm headquartered in Houston, Texas. Through its affiliated investment funds, Quintana, which has offices in Houston, Dallas and Midland, Texas and Beijing, China, currently manages approximately $900 million in capital for various U.S. and international investors. Quintana focuses on control-oriented investments across a wide range of sectors in the energy industry, developing a portfolio that is diversified across the energy value chain. Quintana is managed by highly experienced investors, including Corbin J. Robertson, Jr. and former Secretary of Commerce Donald L. Evans.
Members of the Davison family have invested in us since 2007. In addition to their investment in our general partner, members of the Davison family own approximately 30% of our common units and 51% of DG Marine, our inland marine transportation joint venture.
Prior to Quintanas investment in us, Denbury controlled our general partner. Denbury and its affiliates retained ownership of 10.2% of our outstanding common units after the sale to Quintana.
Our Objectives and Strategies
Our primary business objectives are to generate stable cash flows that allow us to make quarterly cash distributions to our unitholders and to increase those distributions over time. We plan to achieve those objectives by executing the following strategies:
Business Strategy
Our primary business strategy is to provide an integrated suite of transportation, storage and marketing services to oil and gas producers, refineries and other customers. Successfully executing this strategy should enable us to generate sustainable cash flows to allow us to make quarterly cash distributions to our unitholders and to increase those distributions over time. We intend to develop our business by:
| Maintaining a balanced and diversified portfolio of assets to service our customers; |
| Optimizing our existing assets and creating synergies through additional commercial and operating advancement; |
| Enhancing and offering additional types of services to customers in our supply and logistics segment; |
| Expanding the geographic reach of our refinery services and supply and logistics segments; and |
| Broadening our asset base through strategic organic development projects as well as acquisitions. |
Financial Strategy
We believe that preserving financial flexibility is an important factor in our overall strategy and success. Over the long-term, we intend to:
| Maintain a prudent capital structure that will allow us to execute our growth strategy; |
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| Enhance our credit metrics and gain access to additional liquidity; |
| Increase cash flows generated through fee-based services, emphasizing longer-term contractual arrangements and managing commodity price risks; and |
| Create strategic arrangements and share capital costs and risks through joint ventures and strategic alliances. |
Our Competitive Strengths
We believe we are well positioned to execute our strategies and ultimately achieve our objectives due primarily to the following competitive strengths:
| Our businesses encompass a balanced, diversified portfolio of customers, operations and assets. We operate four business segments and own and operate assets which enable us to provide a number of services to refinery owners; oil, natural gas and CO2 producers; industrial and commercial enterprises that use NaHS and caustic soda; and businesses which use CO2 and other industrial gases. Our business lines complement each other as they allow us to offer an integrated suite of services to common customers across segments. |
| Our pipeline transportation and related assets are strategically located. Our owned and operated crude oil pipelines are located in the Gulf Coast region and provide our customers access to multiple delivery points. In addition, a majority of our terminals are located in areas which can be accessed by either truck, rail or barge. |
| The scale of our refinery services operations as well as our expertise and reputation for high performance standards and quality enable us to provide refiners with economic and proven services. We believe we are one of the largest marketers of NaHS in North and South America and we have a suite of assets which enables us to facilitate growth in our business. In addition, our extensive understanding of the sulfur removal process and refinery services market provides us with an advantage when evaluating new opportunities and/or markets. |
| Our supply and logistics business is operationally flexible. Our portfolio of trucks, barges and terminals affords us flexibility within our existing regional footprint and the capability to enter new markets and expand our customer relationships. |
| We are financially flexible and have significant liquidity. As of December 31, 2009, we had $320 million of loans and $5.2 million in letters of credit outstanding under our $500 million credit facility. Our borrowing base was $407 million at December 31, 2009. |
| We have an experienced, knowledgeable and motivated senior executive management team with a proven track record. Our senior executive management team has an average of more than 25 years of experience in the midstream sector. They have worked together and separately in leadership roles at a number of large, successful public companies, including other publicly-traded partnerships. Through their equity interest in us and our general partner, our senior executive management team is incentivized to create value for our equity holders. |
Recent Events
Association with Quintana Capital Group
In February 2010, Quintana, along with members of the Davison family and our senior executive management team, acquired control of our general partner. Our general partner owns all our general partner interest and all of our incentive distribution rights.
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Eighteen Consecutive Distribution Rate Increases
We have increased our quarterly distribution rate for eighteen consecutive quarters. On February 12, 2010, we paid a cash distribution of $0.36 per unit to unitholders of record as of February 5, 2010, an increase per unit of $0.0075 (or 2.1%) from the distribution in the prior quarter, and an increase of 9.1% from the distribution in February 2009. As in the past, future increases (if any) in our quarterly distribution rate will be dependent on our ability to execute critical components of our business strategy.
Our Offices
Our executive offices are located at 919 Milam, Suite 2100, Houston, Texas 77002, and the phone number at this address is (713) 860-2500.
Ownership Structure
We conduct our operations through, and our operating assets are owned by, our subsidiaries and joint ventures. As is customary with publicly-traded limited partnerships, Genesis Energy, LLC, our general partner, is responsible for operating our business, including providing all necessary personnel and other resources.
Genesis Energy, LLC is a holding company with employees, but with no independent assets or operations other than its general partner interest in us and several of our subsidiaries. Our general partner is dependent upon the cash distributions it receives from us to service any obligations it may incur. Our general partner is controlled by Quintana, members of the Davison family and our senior executive management team. After giving effect to the sale by the selling unitholders of their common units in this offering:
| Public unitholders will own 30,013,918 common units, representing 75.8% of our outstanding limited partner interests, or 30,951,418 common units, representing 78.2% of our outstanding limited partner interests if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional common units. |
| The Davison family will own 9,571,774 common units, representing 24.2% of our outstanding limited partner interests, or 8,634,274 common units, representing 21.8% of our outstanding limited partner interests if the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional common units. |
| Our general partner will own all of our 2.0% general partnership interest and our incentive distribution rights. |
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Below is a chart depicting our ownership structure after giving effect to this offering and the exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional common units.
(1) | If the underwriters in this offering do not exercise their option to purchase additional common units, the public unitholders will hold 30,013,918 common units, or 75.8% of our limited partner interests, and the members of the Davison family will hold 9,571,774 common units, or 24.2% of our limited partner interests. |
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Common units offered by selling unitholders |
6,250,000 common units offered by Denbury Onshore, DGM and the Davison Unitholders and 937,500 common units offered by the Davison Unitholders if (and to the extent) the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional common units. |
Common units outstanding after this offering |
39,585,692 common units if the option to purchase additional common units is not exercised. |
39,585,692 common units if the option to purchase additional common units is exercised. |
Use of proceeds |
We will not receive any proceeds from this offering. |
Cash distributions |
Within approximately 45 days after the end of each quarter, we will distribute all available cash to unitholders of record on the applicable record date. However, there is no guarantee that we will pay a distribution on the common units in any quarter, and we will be prohibited from making any distributions to unitholders if it would cause an event of default, or if an event of default then exists, under our credit facility. See Cash Distribution Policy in the accompanying base prospectuses for a discussion of our cash distributions. |
Incentive distributions |
Our general partner is entitled to receive incentive distributions if the amount we distribute with respect to any quarter exceeds levels specified in our partnership agreement. Under the quarterly incentive distribution provisions, the general partner is entitled to receive 13.3% of any distributions in excess of $0.25 per unit, 23.5% of any distributions in excess of $0.28 per unit, and 49% of any distributions in excess of $0.33 per unit, without duplication. See Cash Distribution PolicyIncentive Distribution Rights in the accompanying base prospectuses. |
Risk factors |
An investment in our common units involves risk. See Risk factors beginning on page S-9 of this prospectus supplement and page T-1 and U-4 of the accompanying base prospectuses and the materials incorporated by reference for a more detailed discussion of additional factors that you should consider before purchasing our common units. |
Estimated ratio of taxable income to distributions |
We estimate that if you own the common units you purchase in this offering through the record date for the distribution with respect to the final calendar quarter of 2012, you will be allocated, on a cumulative basis, an amount of federal taxable income for that period that will be 20% or less of the cash distributed to you with respect to that period. Please read Material Tax Considerations on page S-12 for the basis of this estimate. |
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Material income tax consequences |
For a discussion of other material federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to prospective unitholders who are individual citizens or residents of the U.S., please read Material Income Tax Consequences in the accompanying Denbury base prospectus and Material Tax Consequences in the accompanying Davison base prospectus. |
NYSE Amex symbol |
GEL |
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An investment in our common units involves risks. You should carefully consider the discussion of risks set forth under the caption Risk Factors beginning on page T-1 and U-4 of the accompanying base prospectuses and other information included in, or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement in evaluating an investment in our common units. If any of the described risks were to occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected, the trading price of our common units could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment.
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of our common units by the selling unitholders in this offering.
The following table sets forth information concerning the ownership of our common units by the selling unitholders. As of March 12, 2010, there were 39,585,692 common units outstanding. The percentages indicated below represent the selling unitholders ownership of our common units and the number of common units assumes the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional common units.
Common units owned immediately before this offering |
Common units to be offered |
Common units owned immediately after this offering |
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Name of selling unitholder |
Common units |
Percent | Common units |
Percent | ||||||||
Denbury Onshore, LLC (1) |
1,199,041 | 3.0 | % | 1,199,041 | | | % | |||||
Denbury Gathering & Marketing, Inc.(2) |
2,829,055 | 7.2 | 2,829,055 | | | |||||||
James E. Davison(3) |
2,881,338 | 7.3 | 1,053,134 | 1,828,204 | 4.6 | |||||||
Steven K. Davison(4) |
2,875,537 | 7.3 | 1,053,135 | 1,822,402 | 4.6 | |||||||
Todd A. Davison(5) |
2,876,236 | 7.3 | 1,053,135 | 1,823,101 | 4.6 |
(1) | Denbury Onshore, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Denbury. |
(2) | Denbury Gathering & Marketing, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Denbury. Denbury Gathering & Marketing, Inc. is the former owner of our general partner. |
(3) | Includes 1,010,835 common units held of record by Terminal Services, Inc., which is 100% owned by James E. Davison. Mr. Davison owns a six percent interest in our general partner. |
(4) | Steven K. Davison owns a six percent interest in our general partner. Mr. Davison provides services to us in our supply and logistics division. |
(5) | Todd A. Davison owns a six percent interest in our general partner. Mr. Davison provides services to us in our supply and logistics division. |
The selling unitholders may be deemed to be an underwriter within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. If any selling unitholder is deemed to be an underwriter, such selling unitholder may be subject to certain statutory liabilities under the Securities Act and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act. In addition, in making offers and sales pursuant to this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectuses, such selling unitholder may be deemed to be making such offers and sales directly on behalf of us.
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For more information about our relationship with the selling unitholders, please read our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, which is incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
PRICE RANGE OF COMMON UNITS AND DISTRIBUTIONS
We are required by our partnership agreement to distribute 100% of our available cash within 45 days after the end of each quarter to our unitholders of record and to our general partner. Available cash consists generally of all of our cash receipts less cash disbursements adjusted for net changes to reserves. Cash reserves are the amounts deemed necessary or appropriate, in the reasonable discretion of our general partner, to provide for the proper conduct of our business or to comply with applicable law, any of our debt instruments or other agreements. The full definition of available cash is set forth in our partnership agreement and amendments thereto. See Where you can find more information.
Our general partner is entitled to receive incentive distributions if the amount we distribute with respect to any quarter exceeds levels specified in our partnership agreement. Under the quarterly incentive distribution provisions, the general partner is entitled to receive 13.3% of any distributions in excess of $0.25 per unit, 23.5% of any distributions in excess of $0.28 per unit, and 49% of any distributions in excess of $0.33 per unit, without duplication. The likelihood and timing of the payment of any incentive distributions will depend on our ability to increase the cash flow from our existing operations and to make cash flow accretive acquisitions. In addition, our partnership agreement authorizes us to issue additional equity interests in our partnership with such rights, powers and preferences (which may be senior to our common units) as our general partner may determine in its sole discretion, including with respect to the right to share in distributions and profits and losses of the partnership.
As of March 12, 2010, there were 39,585,692 common units outstanding, held by approximately 20,100 record holders and beneficial owners (held in street name), including those held by the selling unitholders. The common units are traded on the NYSE Amex under the symbol GEL. The following table sets forth the high and low sales prices for the common units in each quarter, as reported by the NYSE Amex LLC, and the declared cash distributions for the common units in each quarter. The last reported sales price of common units on the NYSE Amex LLC on March 15, 2010 was $21.63 per unit. On February 12, 2010, we paid a cash distribution of $0.36 per unit to unitholders of record as of February 5, 2010 for the quarter ended December 31, 2009. That distribution represents a 2% increase from our distribution of $0.353 per unit for the third quarter of 2009, which was paid in the fourth quarter of 2009.
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Price range per common unit |
Cash distributions per common unit(1) | ||||||||
High | Low | ||||||||
Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2010 |
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First Quarter(2) |
$ | 21.67 | $ | 17.94 | $ | 0.360 | |||
Fiscal Year Ending December 31, 2009 |
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Fourth Quarter |
$ | 19.95 | $ | 15.10 | $ | 0.353 | |||
Third Quarter |
16.89 | 12.01 | 0.345 | ||||||
Second Quarter |
13.92 | 9.82 | 0.338 | ||||||
First Quarter |
12.60 | 7.57 | 0.330 | ||||||
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2008 |
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Fourth Quarter |
$ | 16.00 | $ | 6.42 | $ | 0.323 | |||
Third Quarter |
19.85 | 11.75 | 0.315 | ||||||
Second Quarter |
22.09 | 17.02 | 0.300 | ||||||
First Quarter |
25.00 | 15.07 | 0.285 | ||||||
Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007 |
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Fourth Quarter |
$ | 28.62 | $ | 20.01 | $ | 0.270 | |||
Third Quarter |
37.50 | 27.07 | 0.230 | ||||||
Second Quarter |
35.98 | 20.01 | 0.220 | ||||||
First Quarter |
22.01 | 18.76 | 0.210 |
(1) | Cash distributions are shown in the quarter paid. |
(2) | Through March 15, 2010. |
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The tax consequences to you of an investment in our common units will depend in part on your own tax circumstances. For a discussion of the principal federal income tax considerations associated with our operations and the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common units, please read Material Income Tax Consequences beginning on page T-13 of the Denbury base prospectus or Material Tax Consequences beginning on page U-32 of the Davison base prospectus. Please also read Item 1A. Risk FactorsTax Risks to Common Unitholders in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 for a discussion of the tax risks related to purchasing and owning our common units. You are urged to consult with your own tax advisor about the federal, state, local, and foreign tax consequences peculiar to your circumstances.
Partnership Status
The anticipated after-tax economic benefit of an investment in our common units depends largely on our being treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. No ruling has been or will be sought from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and the IRS has made no determination as to our status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes or whether our operations generate qualifying income under Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code. Instead, we will rely on the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP that, based upon the Internal Revenue Code, its regulations, published revenue rulings and court decisions and the representations described below, we will be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes.
In rendering its opinion, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has relied on factual representations made by us and our general partner, including the following:
| Neither we nor the operating company has elected or will elect to be treated as a corporation; and |
| For each taxable year, more than 90% of our gross income has been and will be income from sources that Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has opined or will opine is qualifying income within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Internal Revenue Code. |
In order to be treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, at least 90% of our gross income must be from specific qualifying sources, such as the transportation, processing or marketing of natural gas and natural gas products or other passive types of income such as dividends. For a more complete description of this qualifying income requirement, please read Material Income Tax ConsequencesPartnership Status in the Denbury base prospectus or Material Tax ConsequencesPartnership Status in the Davison base prospectus.
If we were treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes, we would pay federal income tax on our taxable income at the corporate tax rate, which is currently a maximum of 35%, and would likely pay state income tax at varying rates. Distributions would generally be taxed again to unitholders as corporate distributions and no income, gains, losses, or deductions would flow through to unitholders. Because a tax would be imposed upon us as a corporation, our cash available for distribution to unitholders would be substantially reduced. Therefore, treatment of us as a corporation would result in a material reduction in the anticipated cash flow and after-tax return to our unitholders likely causing a substantial reduction in the value of our common units.
Current law may change so as to cause us to be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject us to entity-level taxation. For example, in response to certain developments, members of Congress are considering substantive changes to the definition of qualifying
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income. It is possible that these efforts could result in changes to the existing U.S. tax laws that affect publicly traded partnerships including us. We are unable to predict whether any of these changes or other proposals will ultimately be enacted. Any such changes could negatively impact an investment in our common units. In addition, because of widespread state budget deficits and other reasons, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity-level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise and other forms of taxation. For example, in 2008, we began paying Texas franchise tax at a maximum effective rate of 0.5% of our gross income apportioned to Texas in the prior year.
Ratio of Taxable Income to Distributions
We estimate that if you purchase a common unit in this offering and hold the unit through the record date for the distribution with respect to the final calendar quarter of 2012, you will be allocated, on a cumulative basis, an amount of federal taxable income for that period that will be 20% or less of the amount of cash distributed to you with respect to that period. This estimate is based upon many assumptions regarding our business and operations, including assumptions as to tariffs, capital expenditures, cash flows, net working capital, and anticipated cash distributions. This estimate and the underlying assumptions are subject to, among other things, numerous business, economic, regulatory, competitive and political uncertainties beyond our control. Further, this estimate is based on current tax law and tax reporting positions that we have adopted. The IRS could disagree with our tax reporting positions, including estimates of the relative fair market values of our assets and the validity of certain allocations. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that the estimate will prove to be correct. The actual percentage of distributions that will constitute taxable income could be higher or lower than our estimate, and any differences could be material and could materially affect the value of the common units. For example, the ratio of allocable taxable income to cash distributions to a purchaser of common units in this offering could be greater, and perhaps substantially greater, than our estimate with respect to the period described above if:
| gross income from operations exceeds the amount required to make the minimum quarterly distribution on all units, yet we only distribute the minimum quarterly distribution on all units; or |
| we make a future offering of common units and use the proceeds of the offering in a manner that does not produce substantial additional deductions during the period described above, such as to repay indebtedness outstanding at the time of this offering or to acquire property that is not eligible for depreciation or amortization for federal income tax purposes or that is depreciable or amortizable at a rate significantly slower than the rate applicable to our assets at the time of this offering. |
Tax Exempt Organizations and Other Investors
Ownership of common units by tax-exempt entities, regulated investment companies, and non-U.S. investors raises issues unique to such persons. Please read Material Income Tax ConsequencesTax-Exempt Organizations and Other Investors beginning on page T-24 of the accompanying Denbury base prospectus, or Material Tax ConsequencesTax Exempt Organizations and Other Investors beginning on page U-42 of the accompanying Davison base prospectus.
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Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated, UBS Securities LLC and RBC Capital Markets Corporation (collectively, the Representatives) are acting as joint book-running managers and representatives of the underwriters named below. Subject to the terms and conditions stated in the underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus supplement, each underwriter named below has severally agreed to purchase, and the selling unitholders have agreed to sell to that underwriter, the number of common units set forth opposite the underwriters name.
Underwriters |
Number of common units | |
Wells Fargo Securities, LLC |
1,406,250 | |
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith |
||
Incorporated |
1,406,250 | |
UBS Securities LLC |
1,406,250 | |
RBC Capital Markets Corporation |
1,093,750 | |
Deutsche Bank Securities Inc. |
468,750 | |
Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc. |
468,750 | |
Total |
6,250,000 |
The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the common units included in this offering are subject to approval of legal matters by counsel and to other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to purchase all of the common units (other than those covered by the over-allotment option to purchase additional common units described below) if they purchase any of the common units.
Option to Purchase Additional Common Units
The Davison Unitholders have granted to the underwriters a 30-day option, exercisable from the date of this prospectus supplement, to purchase up to 937,500 additional common units at the public offering price less the underwriting discount to cover over-allotments. This option may be exercised if the underwriters sell more than 6,250,000 common units in connection with this offering. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter must purchase a number of additional common units approximately proportionate to that underwriters initial purchase commitment.
Underwriting Discounts and Expenses
The underwriters propose to offer some of the common units directly to the public at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and some of the common units to dealers at the public offering price less a concession not to exceed $0.522 per common unit. After the offering, the underwriters may change the public offering price and the other selling terms. The offering of the common units by the underwriters is subject to receipt and acceptance and subject to the underwriters right to reject any order in whole or in part.
The following table shows the underwriting discounts that the selling unitholders are to pay to the underwriters in connection with this offering. These amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional common units.
No exercise | Full-exercise | |||||
Per unit |
$ | 0.87 | $ | 0.87 | ||
Total |
$ | 5,437,500 | $ | 6,253,125 |
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We estimate that our total expenses of this offering, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, will be approximately $175,000.
Lock-Up Agreements
We, our subsidiaries, our general partner, and certain of its affiliates, including certain executive officers and directors of our general partner, the selling unitholders and Denbury have agreed that during the 60 days after the date of this prospectus supplement and subject to certain exceptions, we and they will not, without the prior written consent of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC, (i) issue, sell, offer to sell, contract or agree to sell, hypothecate, pledge, grant any option to purchase or otherwise dispose of or agree to dispose of, directly or indirectly, or establish or increase a put equivalent position or liquidate or decrease a call equivalent position within the meaning of Section 16 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the SEC promulgated thereunder, with respect to any of our common units or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for our common units or warrants or other rights to purchase our common units or any other securities of ours that are substantially similar to our common units, (ii) file or cause to become effective a registration statement under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, relating to the offer and sale of any of our common units or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for our common units or warrants or other rights to purchase our common units or any other of our securities that are substantially similar to common units, (iii) enter into any swap or other arrangement that transfers to another, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common units or any securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for our common units or warrants or other rights to purchase our common units or any such securities, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of our common units or such other securities, in cash or otherwise or (iv) publicly announce an intention to effect any transaction specified in clause (i), (ii) or (iii). These restrictions do not, among other things, apply to:
| the sale of common units pursuant to the underwriting agreement; |
| issuances of common units by us upon the exercise of options or warrants disclosed as outstanding in this prospectus supplement, the base prospectuses or the documents incorporated by reference herein; |
| the issuance of employee unit stock options not exercisable during the 60-day period pursuant to option plans described in the prospectus supplement, the base prospectuses or the documents incorporated by reference herein; |
| the filing of a registration statement on Form S-8 to register common units under option plans disclosed prospectus supplement, the base prospectuses or the documents incorporated by reference herein; |
| the filing of a universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3 to register common units or other partnership securities, provided that we shall not issue any common units thereunder until expiration of the 60-day period; |
| the issuance of common units in a private placement exempt from registration under the Act, provided that the purchaser of such common units enters into an agreement to be subject to the same restrictions for the remainder of the 60-day period; and |
| the pledge of common units or other partnership securities to secure loans to such persons or entities in connection with any financing transaction to which such persons or entities are parties, provided that such common units or other partnership securities may not be sold or disposed of in connection with the exercise by the lender of any remedies as a secured party until the expiration of the 60-day period. |
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The 60-day period described in the preceding paragraph will be extended if:
| during the last 17 days of the 60-day period, we issue an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to us occurs; or |
| prior to the expiration of the 60-day period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the 60-day period; |
in which case the restrictions shall continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the material news or material event occurs.
Listing on the New York Stock Exchange
Our common units are listed on the NYSE Amex LLC under the symbol GEL.
Price Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids
In connection with the offering, the Representatives, on behalf of the underwriters, may purchase and sell common units in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, syndicate covering transactions and stabilizing transactions. Short sales involve syndicate sales of common units in excess of the number of common units to be purchased by the underwriters in the offering, which creates a syndicate short position. Covered short sales are sales of common units made in an amount up to the number of common units represented by the underwriters over-allotment option. In determining the source of common units to close out the covered syndicate short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of common units available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase units through the over-allotment option. Transactions to close out the covered syndicate short position involve either purchases of the common units in the open market after the distribution has been completed or the exercise of the over-allotment option. The underwriters may also make naked short sales of common units in excess of the over-allotment option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing common units in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common units in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of bids for or purchases of common units in the open market while the offering is in progress.
The underwriters also may impose a penalty bid. Penalty bids permit the underwriters to reclaim a selling concession from a syndicate member when the Representatives repurchase common units originally sold by that syndicate member in order to cover syndicate short positions or make stabilizing purchases.
Any of these activities may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common units. They may also cause the price of the common units to be higher than the price that would otherwise exist in the open market in the absence of these transactions. The underwriters may conduct these transactions on the NYSE Amex LLC or in the over-the-counter market, or otherwise. If the underwriters commence any of these transactions, they may discontinue them at any time. Neither we nor the underwriters make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions described above may have on the price of the common units.
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Affiliations/FINRA Rules
The underwriters and their affiliates have performed investment and commercial banking and advisory services for us and our affiliates from time to time, for which they have received customary fees and expense reimbursement. The underwriters and their affiliates may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for us in the ordinary course of their business.
In the ordinary course of their various business activities, the underwriters and their respective affiliates may make or hold a broad array of investments and actively trade debt and equity securities (or related derivative securities) and financial instruments (including bank loans) for their own account and for the accounts of their customers and may at any time hold long and short positions in such securities and instruments. Such investment and securities activities may involve securities and instruments of the issuer.
Because the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, or FINRA, views our common units as interests in a direct participation program, the offering is being made in compliance with Rule 2310 of the FINRA Rules. Investor suitability with respect to the common units will be judged similarly to the suitability with respect to other securities that are listed for trading on a national securities exchange.
Electronic Distribution
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectuses in electronic format may be made available on the websites maintained by one or more of the underwriters. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of common units for sale to their online brokerage account holders. The common units will be allocated to underwriters that may make Internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations. In addition, common units may be sold by the underwriters to securities dealers who resell common units to online brokerage account holders.
Other than this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectuses in electronic format, information contained in any website maintained by an underwriter is not part of this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectuses or registration statement of which the accompanying prospectus forms a part, has not been endorsed by us and should not be relied on by investors in deciding whether to purchase common units. The underwriters are not responsible for information contained in websites that they do not maintain.
Indemnification
We and our general partner and the selling unitholders have agreed to indemnify the several underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or to contribute to payments the underwriters may be required to make because of any of those liabilities.
Notice to Investors
Sales Outside the United States
No action has been taken in any jurisdiction (except in the United States) that would permit a public offering of the common units, or the possession, circulation or distribution of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus or any other material relating to us or the common units in any jurisdiction where action for that purpose is required. Accordingly, the common units may not be offered or sold, directly or indirectly, and none of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying
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prospectus or any other offering material or advertisements in connection with the common units may be distributed or published, in or from any country or jurisdiction except in compliance with any applicable rules and regulations of any such country or jurisdiction.
Each of the underwriters may arrange to sell common units offered hereby in certain jurisdictions outside the United States, either directly or through affiliates, where they are permitted to do so. In that regard, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC may arrange to sell common units in certain jurisdictions through an affiliate, Wells Fargo Securities International Limited, or WFSIL. WFSIL is a wholly-owned indirect subsidiary of Wells Fargo & Company and an affiliate of Wells Fargo Securities, LLC. WFSIL is a U.K. incorporated investment firm regulated by the Financial Services Authority. Wells Fargo Securities is the trade name for certain corporate and investment banking services of Wells Fargo & Company and its affiliates, including Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and WFSIL.
European Economic Area
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area, or EEA, which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a Relevant Member State), with effect from, and including, the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Relevant Member State (the Relevant Implementation Date), an offer to the public of our securities which are the subject of the offering contemplated by this prospectus may not be made in that Relevant Member State, except that, with effect from, and including, the Relevant Implementation Date, an offer to the public in that Relevant Member State of our securities may be made at any time under the following exemptions under the Prospectus Directive, if they have been implemented in that Relevant Member State:
a) to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets, or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in our securities;
b) to any legal entity which has two or more of: (1) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than 43,000,000 and (3) an annual net turnover of more than 50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts; or
c) to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representative for any such offer; or
d) in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive provided that no such offer of our securities shall result in a requirement for the publication by us or any underwriter or agent of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.
As used above, the expression offered to the public in relation to any of our securities in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and our securities to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for our securities, as the same may be varied in that Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Member State and the expression Prospectus Directive means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State.
The EEA selling restriction is in addition to any other selling restrictions set out in this prospectus.
Notice to the Residents of Germany
This document has not been prepared in accordance with the requirements for a securities or sales prospectus under the German Securities Prospectus Act (Wertpapierprospektgesetz), the German Sales
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Prospectus Act (Verkaufsprospektgesetz), or the German Investment Act (Investmentgesetz). Neither the German Federal Financial Services Supervisory Authority (Bundesanstalt für FinanzdienstleistungsaufsichtBaFin) nor any other German authority has been notified of the intention to distribute the units in Germany. Consequently, the units may not be distributed in Germany by way of public offering, public advertisement or in any similar manner AND THIS DOCUMENT AND ANY OTHER DOCUMENT RELATING TO THE OFFERING, AS WELL AS INFORMATION OR STATEMENTS CONTAINED THEREIN, MAY NOT BE SUPPLIED TO THE PUBLIC IN GERMANY OR USED IN CONNECTION WITH ANY OFFER FOR SUBSCRIPTION OF THE UNITS TO THE PUBLIC IN GERMANY OR ANY OTHER MEANS OF PUBLIC MARKETING. The units are being offered and sold in Germany only to qualified investors which are referred to in Section 3, paragraph 2 no. 1, in connection with Section 2, no. 6, of the German Securities Prospectus Act, Section 8f paragraph 2 no. 4 of the German Sales Prospectus Act, and in Section 2 paragraph 11 sentence 2 no.1 of the German Investment Act. This document is strictly for use of the person who has received it. It may not be forwarded to other persons or published in Germany.
France
The Offer is not being made, directly or indirectly, to the public in France and only qualified investors (Investisseurs Qualifiés) as defined in and in accordance with Articles L.411-1, L.411-2 and D.411-1 to D.411-3 of the French Code Monétaire et Financier are eligible to participate in the Offer. Individuals are eligible to participate in the Offer only to the extent that they are investing for their own account, in accordance with the provisions of Articles D. 411-1, D. 411-2, D. 734-1, D. 744-1, D. 754-1 and D. 764-1 of French Code Monétaire et Financier. This Prospectus and any other offering material relating to the Offer have not been and shall not be distributed to the public in France. Neither this Prospectus nor any other offering material relating to the Offer has been submitted to the clearance of the Autorité des Marchés Financiers.
Switzerland
The common units may not be publicly offered, distributed or re-distributed on a professional basis in or from Switzerland and neither this document nor any other solicitation for investments in the common units may be communicated or distributed in Switzerland in any way that could constitute a public offering within the meaning of Articles 1156/652a of the Swiss Code of Obligations (CO). This document may not be copied, reproduced, distributed or passed on to others without the Offerors prior written consent. This document is not a prospectus within the meaning of Articles 1156/652a CO and the common units will not be listed on the SIX Swiss Exchange. Therefore, this document may not comply with the disclosure standards of the CO and/or the listing rules (including any prospectus schemes) of the SIX Swiss Exchange. In addition, it cannot be excluded that the Offeror could qualify as a foreign collective investment scheme pursuant to Article 119 para. 2 Swiss Federal Act on Collective Investment Schemes (CISA). The common units will not be licensed for public distribution in and from Switzerland. Therefore, the common units may only be offered and sold to so-called qualified investors in accordance with the private placement exemptions pursuant to applicable Swiss law (in particular, Article 10 para. 3 CISA and Article 6 of the implementing ordinance to the CISA). The Offeror has not been licensed and is not subject to the supervision of the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority (FINMA). Therefore, investors in the common units do not benefit from the specific investor protection provided by CISA and the supervision of the FINMA.
United Kingdom
This prospectus is only being distributed to and is only directed at: (1) persons who are outside the United Kingdom; (2) investment professionals falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 (the Order); or (3) high net worth companies,
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and other persons to whom it may lawfully be communicated, falling within Article 49(2)(a) to (d) of the Order (all such persons falling within (1)-(3) together being referred to as relevant persons). The common units are only available to, and any invitation, offer or agreement to subscribe, purchase or otherwise acquire such common units will be engaged in only with, relevant persons. Any person who is not a relevant person should not act or rely on this prospectus or any of its contents.
Dubai International Financial Centre
This document relates to an exempt offer in accordance with the Offered Securities Rules of the Dubai Financial Services Authority. This document is intended for distribution only to persons of a type specified in those rules. It must not be delivered to, or relied on by, any other person. The Dubai Financial Services Authority has no responsibility for reviewing or verifying any documents in connection with exempt offers. The Dubai Financial Services Authority has not approved this document nor taken steps to verify the information set out in it, and has no responsibility for it. The common units which are the subject of the offering contemplated by this prospectus may be illiquid and/or subject to restrictions on their resale. Prospective purchasers of the common units offered should conduct their own due diligence on the common units. If you do not understand the contents of this document you should consult an authorised financial adviser.
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The validity of the common units being offered and certain tax matters relating to those units will be passed upon for us by Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP. Certain legal matters are being passed upon for the underwriters by Andrews Kurth LLP.
The consolidated financial statements and the related financial statement schedule incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference from Genesis Energy, L.P.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 and the effectiveness of Genesis Energy, L.P.s internal control over financial reporting have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The balance sheet of Genesis Energy, LLC as of December 31, 2009, incorporated in this prospectus supplement by reference from Genesis Energy, L.P.s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 26, 2010 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report, which is incorporated herein by reference. Such balance sheet has been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
This prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectuses contain or incorporate by reference forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Where any forward-looking statement includes a statement of the assumptions or bases underlying the forward-looking statement, we caution that, while we believe these assumptions or bases to be reasonable and made in good faith, assumed facts or bases almost always vary from the actual results, and the differences between assumed facts or bases and actual results can be material, depending upon the circumstances. Where, in any forward-looking statement, we or our management express an expectation or belief as to future results, such expectation or belief is expressed in good faith and is believed to have a reasonable basis. We cannot assure you, however, that the statement of expectation or expressions may identify forward-looking statements. These statements relate to analyses and other information which are based on forecasts of future results and estimates of amounts not yet determinable. These statements also relate to our future prospects, developments and business strategies. These forward-looking statements are identified by their use of terms and phrases such as anticipate, believe, could, estimate, expect, intend, may, plan, predict, project, will, and similar terms and phrases, including references to assumptions. These statements are contained in the sections entitled Genesis Energy, L.P. and Risk Factors and other sections of this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectuses and in the documents we have incorporated by reference. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that may cause our actual future activities and results of operations to be materially different from those suggested or described in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying base prospectuses or the documents we have incorporated by reference. These risks include the risks that are identified in this prospectus supplement in the Risk Factors section, as well as the section entitled Risk Factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, and the other documents incorporated by reference. These risks may also be specifically described in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q,
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Current Reports on Form 8-K and 8-K/A and other documents we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future or otherwise. If one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or if underlying assumptions prove incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from those expected, estimated or projected.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and other reports and other information with the SEC. You may read and copy any document we file at the SECs public reference room at 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-732-0330 for further information on their public reference room. Our SEC filings are also available at the SECs website at http://www.sec.gov. You can also obtain information about us at the offices of the American Stock Exchange, 86 Trinity Place, New York, New York 10006.
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference information we file with it. This procedure means that we can disclose important information to you by referring you to documents filed with the SEC. The information we incorporate by reference is part of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectuses, and later information that we file under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and which is deemed to be filed, with the SEC will automatically update and supersede this information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below:
Securities and Exchange Commission Filings |
Period or Date Filed | |
Annual Report on Form 10-K |
Year ended December 31, 2009 | |
Current Reports on Form 8-K |
Filed on February 11, 2010, February 26, 2010 and March 5, 2010 |
We also make available free of charge on our internet website at http://www.genesisenergy.com our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Information contained on our website is not part of this prospectus. Information on our website or any other website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus and does not constitute a part of this prospectus.
You may request a copy of these filings at no cost by making written or telephone requests for copies to:
Investor Relations
Genesis Energy, L.P.
919 Milam, Suite 2100
Houston, Texas 77002
(713) 860-2500
You should rely only on the information incorporated by reference or provided in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectuses. If information in an incorporated document conflicts with information in another incorporated document, you should rely on the most recent incorporated document. You should not assume that the information incorporated by reference or provided in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying base prospectuses is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of each document. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you with any information.
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Prospectus
4,028,096 Common Units
Representing Limited Partner Interests
This prospectus relates to 4,028,096 of our common units that may be offered from time to time up to specified limits by one or more of the selling unitholders identified in this prospectus or in any supplement to this prospectus. See the sections of this prospectus entitled Selling Unitholders and Plan of Distribution.
The common units are being registered to permit the selling unitholders to sell the common units from time to time in registered transactions. The selling unitholders may sell the common units through ordinary brokerage transactions, directly to market makers or through any other means described in the section of this prospectus entitled Plan of Distribution, including through sales to underwriters or dealers (in which case this prospectus will be accompanied by a prospectus supplement listing any underwriters, the compensation to be received by the underwriters, and the total amount of money that the selling unitholders will receive in such sale after expenses of the offering are paid).
Each selling unitholder may elect to sell all, a portion or none of the common units it offers hereby. Each selling unitholder will determine the prices and terms of the sales at the time of each offering made by it, and will be responsible for any fees, discounts or selling commissions due to brokers, dealers or agents. We will pay all of the other offering expenses. We will not receive any of the proceeds from any sale of the common units sold pursuant to this prospectus.
You should carefully read this prospectus (including information incorporated herein by reference) and any supplement before you invest. You also should read the documents we have referred you to in the section of this prospectus entitled Where You Can Find More Information for information on us and our financial statements.
Our common units are listed on the NYSE Amex under the symbol GEL.
Investing in our common units involves risks. Limited partnerships are inherently different from corporations. You should carefully consider the Risk Factors beginning on page T-1 of this prospectus and contained in any applicable prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein before you make an investment in our common units.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is March 12, 2010.
T-1 | ||
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T-2 | ||
T-2 | ||
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T-5 | ||
T-5 | ||
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T-8 | ||
Adjustment of Minimum Quarterly Distribution and Target Distribution Levels |
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T-8 | ||
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T-i
This prospectus, including any information incorporated by reference herein, is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the Commission or SEC, using a shelf registration or continuous offering process. Under this shelf registration process, the selling unitholders named in this prospectus or in any supplement to this prospectus may offer from time to time up to 4,028,096 common units representing limited partner interests. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the common units the selling unitholders may offer. A selling unitholder may sell none, some or all of its common units offered by this prospectus. A selling unitholder may provide a prospectus supplement containing specific information about the terms of a particular offering. A prospectus supplement may also add to, update or change information in this prospectus. The information in this prospectus is accurate as of the date on the cover page. You should read carefully the section entitled Information Regarding Forward-Looking Information summarized on page 25. If the description of the offering varies between the prospectus supplement and this prospectus, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. Therefore, you should carefully read both this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, together with additional information described under the heading Where You Can Find More Information before you invest in our common units. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of those documents.
Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to Genesis Energy, L.P., Genesis, we, our, us or like terms refer to Genesis Energy, L.P. and its operating subsidiaries and joint ventures; Quintana means Quintana Capital Group II, L.P. and its affiliates; CO2 means carbon dioxide; and NaHS, which is commonly pronounced as nash, means sodium hydrosulfide.
We are a growth-oriented limited partnership focused on the midstream segment of the oil and gas industry in the Gulf Coast region of the United States, primarily Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. We have a diverse portfolio of customers, operations and assets, including refinery-related plants, pipelines, storage tanks and terminals, barges, and trucks. We provide an integrated suite of services to refineries; oil, natural gas and CO2 producers; industrial and commercial enterprises that use NaHS and caustic soda; and businesses that use CO2 and other industrial gases.
Quintana controls our general partner. In December of 2009, affiliates of Denbury Resources Inc. entered into an agreement to sell all of the Class A membership interest in our general partner to Quintana, which resulted in Quintana (along with its co-investors, certain members of the Davison family and our senior management team) acquiring control of our general partner. The closing of that transaction occurred on February 5, 2010. We were formed in 1996. Our executive offices are located at 919 Milam, Suite 2100, Houston, Texas 77002, and our telephone number is (713) 860-2500.
For additional information regarding our business properties and financial condition, please refer to the documents referenced in the section entitled Where You Can Find More Information.
An investment in our common units involves risks. You should consider carefully the risk factors and other information included in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement in evaluating an investment in our common units. This prospectus also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition or results of operation could be adversely affected. Please read Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors.
T-1
The common units to be offered and sold using this prospectus will be offered and sold by the selling unitholders named in this prospectus or in any supplement to this prospectus. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of such common units.
DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
Any offering and sale under this prospectus may be made on one or more national securities exchanges or in the over-the-counter market, or otherwise at prices and on terms then prevailing or at prices related to the then-current market price, or in negotiated transactions.
DESCRIPTION OF OUR COMMON UNITS
Our common units represent limited partner interests in Genesis Energy, L.P. that entitle the holders to participate in our cash distributions and to exercise the rights or privileges available to limited partners under our partnership agreement.
Our outstanding common units are listed on the NYSE Amex under the symbol GEL.
The transfer agent and registrar for our common units is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
Status as Limited Partner or Assignee. Except as described under Limited Liability, the common units will be fully paid, and the unitholders will not be required to make additional capital contributions to us.
Transfer of Common Units. Each purchaser of common units offered by this prospectus must execute a transfer application. By executing and delivering a transfer application, the purchaser of common units:
| becomes the record holder of the common units and is an assignee until admitted into our partnership as a substituted limited partner; |
| automatically requests admission as a substituted limited partner in our partnership; |
| agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of, and executes, our partnership agreement; |
| represents that he has the capacity, power and authority to enter into the partnership agreement; |
| grants powers of attorney to officers of the general partner and any liquidator of our partnership as specified in the partnership agreement; and |
| makes the consents and waivers contained in the partnership agreement. |
An assignee will become a substituted limited partner of our partnership for the transferred common units upon the consent of our general partner and the recording of the name of the assignee on our books and records. The general partner may withhold its consent in its sole discretion.
Transfer applications may be completed, executed and delivered by a purchasers broker, agent or nominee. We are entitled to treat the nominee holder of a common unit as the absolute owner. In that case, the beneficial holders rights are limited solely to those that it has against the nominee holder as a result of any agreement between the beneficial owner and the nominee holder.
T-2
Common units are securities and are transferable according to the laws governing transfer of securities. In addition to other rights acquired, the purchaser has the right to request admission as a substituted limited partner in our partnership for the purchased common units. A purchaser of common units who does not execute and deliver a transfer application obtains only:
| the right to assign the common unit to a purchaser or transferee; and |
| the right to transfer the right to seek admission as a substituted limited partner in our partnership for the purchased common units. |
Thus, a purchaser of common units who does not execute and deliver a transfer application:
| will not receive cash distributions or federal income tax allocations, unless the common units are held in a nominee or street name account and the nominee or broker has executed and delivered a transfer application; and |
| may not receive some federal income tax information or reports furnished to record holders of common units. |
Until a common unit has been transferred on our books, we and the transfer agent, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, may treat the record holder of the unit as the absolute owner for all purposes, except as otherwise required by law or stock exchange regulations.
Limited Liability. Assuming that a limited partner does not participate in the control of our business within the meaning of the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act (the Delaware Act) and that he otherwise acts in conformity with the provisions of our partnership agreement, his liability under the Delaware Act will be limited, subject to possible exceptions, to the amount of capital he is obligated to contribute to us for his common units plus his share of any undistributed profits and assets. If it were determined, however, that the right or exercise of the right by the limited partners as a group:
| to remove or replace the general partner; |
| to approve some amendments to our partnership agreement; or |
| to take other action under our partnership agreement |
constituted participation in the control of our business for the purposes of the Delaware Act, then the limited partners could be held personally liable for our obligations under Delaware law, to the same extent as the general partner. This liability would extend to persons who transact business with us and who reasonably believe that the limited partner is a general partner. Neither our partnership agreement nor the Delaware Act specifically provides for legal recourse against our general partner if a limited partner were to lose limited liability through any fault of the general partner. While this does not mean that a limited partner could not seek legal recourse, we have found no precedent for this type of a claim in Delaware case law.
Under the Delaware Act, a limited partnership may not make a distribution to a partner if after the distribution all liabilities of the limited partnership, other than liabilities to partners on account of their partnership interests and liabilities for which the recourse of creditors is limited to specific property of our partnership, exceed the fair value of the assets of the limited partnership. For the purpose of determining the fair value of the assets of a limited partnership, the Delaware Act provides that the fair value of property subject to liability for which recourse of creditors is limited shall be included in the assets of the limited partnership only to the extent that the fair value of that property exceeds the nonrecourse liability. The Delaware Act provides that a limited partner who receives a distribution and knew at the time of the distribution that the distribution was in violation of the Delaware Act shall be liable to the limited partnership for the amount of the distribution for three years. Under the Delaware Act, an assignee who becomes a substituted limited partner of a limited partnership is liable for the obligations of his assignor to make contributions to our partnership, except the assignee is not obligated for liabilities unknown to him at the time he became a limited partner and which could not be ascertained from our partnership agreement.
T-3
Meetings; Voting. Except as described below regarding a person or group owning 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, unitholders or assignees who are record holders of units on the record date will be entitled to notice of, and to vote at, meetings of our limited partners and to act upon matters for which approvals may be solicited. Common units that are owned by an assignee who is a record holder, but who has not yet been admitted as a limited partner, will be voted by our general partner at the written direction of the record holder. Absent direction of this kind, the common units will not be voted, except that, in the case of common units held by our general partner on behalf of non-citizen assignees, our general partner will distribute the votes on those common units in the same ratios as the votes of limited partners on other units are cast.
Our general partner does not anticipate that any meeting of unitholders will be called in the foreseeable future. Any action that is required or permitted to be taken by the unitholders may be taken either at a meeting of the unitholders or without a meeting if consents in writing describing the action so taken are signed by holders of the number of units as would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting. Meetings of the unitholders may be called by our general partner or by unitholders owning at least 20% of the outstanding units of the class for which a meeting is proposed. Unitholders may vote either in person or by proxy at meetings. The holders of a majority of the outstanding units of the class or classes for which a meeting has been called represented in person or by proxy shall constitute a quorum unless any action by the unitholders requires approval by holders of a greater percentage of the units, in which case the quorum shall be the greater percentage.
Each record holder of a unit has a vote according to his percentage interest in our partnership, although additional limited partner interests having special voting rights could be issued. However, if at any time any person or group, other than our general partner and its affiliates, or a direct or subsequently approved transferee of our general partner or its affiliates or a person or group who acquires the units with the prior approval of the board of directors, acquires, in the aggregate, beneficial ownership of 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, the person or group will lose voting rights on any matter relating to the succession, election, removal, withdrawal, replacement or substitution of the general partner and will not be considered to be outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of unitholders, calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes if the matter to be voted on relates to the succession, election, removal, withdrawal, replacement or substitution of the general partner. Common units held in nominee or street name account will be voted by the broker or other nominee in accordance with the instruction of the beneficial owner unless the arrangement between the beneficial owner and his nominee provides otherwise.
Any notice, demand, request, report or proxy material required or permitted to be given or made to record holders of common units under our partnership agreement will be delivered to the record holder by us or by the transfer agent.
Books and Reports. Our general partner is required to keep appropriate books of our business at our principal office. The books will be maintained for both tax and financial reporting purposes on an accrual basis. For tax and fiscal reporting purposes, our fiscal year is the calendar year.
We will furnish or make available to record holders of common units, within 75 days after the close of each fiscal year (or such shorter period as the Commission may prescribe), an annual report containing audited financial statements and a report on those financial statements by our independent public accountants. Except for our fourth quarter, we will also furnish or make available unaudited financial information within 40 days after the close of each quarter.
We will furnish each record holder of a unit with information reasonably required for tax reporting purposes within 90 days after the close of each calendar year. This information is expected to be furnished in summary form so that some complex calculations normally required of partners can be avoided. Our ability to furnish this summary information to unitholders will depend on the cooperation of unitholders in supplying us with specific information. Every unitholder will receive information to assist him in determining his federal and state tax liability and filing his federal and state income tax returns, regardless of whether he supplies us with information.
T-4
Our partnership agreement provides that a limited partner can, for a purpose reasonably related to his interest as a limited partner, upon reasonable demand and at his own expense, have furnished to him:
| a current list of the name and last known address of each partner; |
| a copy of our tax returns; |
| information as to the amount of cash, and a description and statement of the agreed value of any other property or services, contributed or to be contributed by each partner and the date on which each became a partner; |
| copies of our partnership agreement, the certificate of limited partnership of the partnership, related amendments and powers of attorney under which they have been executed; |
| information regarding the status of our business and financial condition; and |
| any other information regarding our affairs as is just and reasonable. |
Our general partner may, and intends to, keep confidential from the limited partners trade secrets or other information the disclosure of which our general partner believes in good faith is not in our best interests or which we are required by law or by agreements with third parties to keep confidential.
Summary of Partnership Agreement. For a summary of the important provisions of our partnership agreement, many of which apply to holders of common units, see Description of Our Partnership Agreement in this prospectus.
Distributions of Available Cash
General. Within approximately 45 days after the end of each quarter, Genesis Energy, L.P. will distribute all available cash to unitholders of record on the applicable record date. However, there is no guarantee that we will pay a distribution on the common units in any quarter, and we will be prohibited from making any distributions to unitholders if it would cause an event of default, or if an event of default then exists, under our credit facility.
Definition of Available Cash. Available cash generally means, for each fiscal quarter, all cash on hand at the end of the quarter:
| less the amount of cash reserves that the general partner determines in its reasonable discretion is necessary or appropriate to: |
| provide for the proper conduct of our business; |
| comply with applicable law, any of our debt instruments, or other agreements; or |
| provide funds for distributions to our unitholders and to our general partner for any one or more of the next four quarters; |
| plus all cash on hand on the date of determination of available cash for the quarter resulting from working capital borrowings. Working capital borrowings are generally borrowings that are made under our credit facility and in all cases are used solely for working capital purposes or to pay distributions to partners. |
Operating Surplus and Capital Surplus
General. All cash distributed to unitholders will be characterized either as operating surplus or capital surplus. We distribute available cash from operating surplus differently than available cash from capital surplus.
T-5
Maintenance capital expenditures are capital expenditures made to maintain, over the long term, the operating capacity of our assets as they existed at the time of the expenditure. Expansion capital expenditures are capital expenditures made to increase over the long term the operating capacity of our assets as they existed at the time of the expenditure. The general partner has the discretion to determine how to allocate a capital expenditure for the acquisition or expansion of our pipeline systems, storage facilities and related assets between maintenance capital expenditures and expansion capital expenditures, and its good faith allocation will be conclusive. Maintenance capital expenditures reduce operating surplus, from which we pay the minimum quarterly distribution, but expansion capital expenditures do not.
Definition of Operating Surplus. For any period, operating surplus generally means:
| our cash balance on the closing date of our initial public offering; plus |
| $20.0 million (as described below); plus |
| all of our cash receipts since the closing of our initial public offering, excluding cash from borrowings that are not working capital borrowings, sales of equity and debt securities and sales or other dispositions of assets outside the ordinary course of business; plus |
| working capital borrowings made after the end of a quarter but before the date of determination of operating surplus for that quarter; less |
| all of our operating expenses since the closing of our initial public offering, including the repayment of working capital borrowings and the payment of capital expenditures, other than: |
| repayments of indebtedness that are required in connection with the sale or other disposition of assets or that are made in connection with the refinancing or refunding of indebtedness with the proceeds from new indebtedness or from the sale of equity securities; |
| expansion capital expenditures; |
| transaction expenses relating to borrowings or refinancings of indebtedness (other than for working capital purposes), sales of debt or equity securities or sales or other dispositions of assets other than in the ordinary course of business; less |
| the amount of cash reserves that the general partner deems necessary or advisable to provide funds for future operating expenditures. |
Definition of Capital Surplus. Capital surplus will generally be generated only by:
| borrowings other than working capital borrowings; |
| sales of debt and equity securities; or |
| sales or other disposition of assets for cash, other than inventory, accounts receivable and other current assets sold in the ordinary course of business or as part of normal retirements or replacements of assets. |
Characterization of Cash Distributions. We will treat all available cash distributed as coming from operating surplus until the sum of all available cash distributed since we began operations equals the operating surplus as of the most recent date of determination of available cash. We will treat any amount distributed in excess of operating surplus, regardless of its source, as capital surplus. We do not anticipate that we will make any distributions from capital surplus. As reflected above, operating surplus includes $20.0 million in addition to our cash balance on the closing date of our initial public offering, cash receipts from our operations and cash from working capital borrowings. This amount does not reflect actual cash on hand at closing that is available for distribution to our unitholders. Rather, it is a provision that will enable us, if we choose, to distribute as operating surplus up to $20 million of cash we receive in the future from non-operating sources, such as assets sales, issuances of securities and long-term borrowings, which would otherwise be considered distributions of capital surplus. Any distributions of capital surplus would trigger certain adjustment provisions in our partnership agreement as described below. See Distributions From Capital Surplus and Adjustment to the Minimum Quarterly Distribution and Target Distribution Levels.
T-6
Distributions of Available Cash From Operating Surplus
We will make distributions of available cash from operating surplus in the following manner:
| First, 98% to all unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner until we distribute for each outstanding unit an amount equal to the minimum quarterly distribution for that quarter; and |
| Thereafter, in the manner described under Incentive Distribution Rights below. |
Incentive Distribution Rights
Incentive distribution rights represent the right to receive an increasing percentage of quarterly distributions of available cash from operating surplus after the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distribution levels have been achieved. Our general partner holds all of the incentive distribution rights. There are no restrictions on the ability of our general partner to transfer the incentive distribution rights.
If for any quarter we have distributed available cash from operating surplus to the common unitholders in an amount equal to the minimum quarterly distribution, then we will distribute any additional available cash from operating surplus for that quarter among the unitholders and the general partner in the following manner:
| First, 98% to all unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, until each unitholder receives a total of $0.25 per unit for that quarter (the first target distribution); |
| Second, 84.74% to all unitholders, pro rata, 13.26% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner, until each unitholder receives a total of $0.28 per unit for that quarter (the second target distribution); |
| Third, 74.53% to all unitholders, pro rata, 23.47% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner, until each unitholder receives a total of $0.33 per unit for that quarter (the third target distribution); and |
| Thereafter, 49.02% to all unitholders, pro rata, 48.98% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner. |
Percentage allocations of available cash from operating surplus
The following table illustrates the percentage allocations of the additional available cash from operating surplus between the unitholders and our general partner up to the various target distribution levels. The amounts set forth under Marginal Percentage Interest in Distributions are the percentage interests of our general partner and the unitholders in any available cash from operating surplus we distribute up to and including the corresponding amount in the column Total Quarterly Distribution Target Amount, until available cash from operating surplus we distribute reaches the next target distribution level, if any. The percentage interests shown for the unitholders and the general partner for the minimum quarterly distribution are also applicable to quarterly distribution amounts that are less than the minimum quarterly distribution.
Marginal Percentage Interest in Distributions | |||||||||||
Total Quarterly Distribution Target Amount |
Unitholders | General Partner |
Holder of Incentive Distribution Rights |
||||||||
Minimum Quarterly Distribution |
up to $0.20 | 98 | % | 2 | % | | |||||
First Target Distribution |
above $0.20 up to $0.25 | 98 | % | 2 | % | | |||||
Second Target Distribution |
above $0.25 up to $0.28 | 84.74 | % | 2 | % | 13.26 | % | ||||
Third Target Distribution |
above $0.28 up to $0.33 | 74.53 | % | 2 | % | 23.47 | % | ||||
Thereafter |
above $0.33 | 49.02 | % | 2 | % | 48.98 | % |
T-7
Distributions from Capital Surplus
We will make distributions of available cash from capital surplus, if any, in the following manner:
| First, 98% to all unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, until we distribute for each common unit that was issued in the initial public offering, an amount of available cash from capital surplus equal to the initial public offering price; and |
| Thereafter, we will make all distributions of available cash from capital surplus as if they were from operating surplus. |
Effect of a Distribution from Capital Surplus. The partnership agreement treats a distribution of capital surplus as the repayment of the initial unit price from the initial public offering, which is a return of capital. The initial public offering price less any distributions of capital surplus per unit is referred to as the unrecovered initial unit price. Each time a distribution of capital surplus is made, the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distribution levels will be reduced in the same proportion as the corresponding reduction in the unrecovered initial unit price. Because distributions of capital surplus will reduce the minimum quarterly distribution, after any of these distributions are made, it may be easier for the general partner to receive incentive distributions.
Once we distribute capital surplus on a unit in an amount equal to the initial unit price, we will reduce the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distribution levels to zero and we will make all future distributions from operating surplus, with 49.02% being paid to the unitholders and 50.98% to the general partner.
Adjustment of Minimum Quarterly Distribution and Target Distribution Levels
In addition to adjusting the minimum quarterly distribution and target distribution levels to reflect a distribution of capital surplus, if we combine our units into fewer units or subdivide our units into a greater number of units, we will proportionately adjust:
| the minimum quarterly distribution; |
| the target distribution levels; and |
| the unrecovered initial unit price. |
For example, if a two-for-one split of the common units should occur, the minimum quarterly distribution, the target distribution levels and the unrecovered initial unit price would each be reduced to 50% of its initial level. We will not make any adjustment by reason of the issuance of additional units for cash or property.
In addition, if legislation is enacted or if existing law is modified or interpreted in a manner that causes us to become taxable as a corporation or otherwise subject to taxation as an entity for federal, state or local income tax purposes, we will reduce the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distribution levels by multiplying the same by one minus the sum of the highest marginal federal corporate income tax rate that could apply and the effective overall state and local income tax rates. For example, if we became subject to a maximum marginal federal, and effective state and local income tax rate of 38%, then the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distributions levels would each be reduced to 62% of their previous levels.
Distributions of Cash Upon Liquidation
If we dissolve in accordance with our partnership agreement, we will sell or otherwise dispose of our assets in a process called a liquidation. We will first apply the proceeds of liquidation to the payment of our creditors. We will distribute any remaining proceeds to the unitholders and the general partner, in accordance with their capital account balances, as adjusted to reflect any gain or loss upon the sale or other disposition of our assets in liquidation.
T-8
Manner of Adjustment for Gain. The manner of the adjustment is set forth in the partnership agreement. Upon liquidation, we will allocate any gain to the partners in the following manner:
| First, to our general partner and the holders of units who have negative balances in their capital accounts to the extent of and in proportion to those negative balances; |
| Second, 98% to the common unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, until the capital account for each common unit is equal to the sum of: |
(1) | the unrecovered initial unit price; plus |
(2) | the amount of the minimum quarterly distribution for the quarter during which our liquidation occurs; |
| Third, 98% to all unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, pro rata, until we allocate under this paragraph an amount per unit equal to: |
(1) | the sum of the excess of the first target distribution per unit over the minimum quarterly distribution per unit for each quarter of our existence; less |
(2) | the cumulative amount per unit of any distributions of available cash from operating surplus in excess of the minimum quarterly distribution per unit that was distributed 98% to the units, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, pro rata, for each quarter of our existence; |
| Fourth, 84.74% to all unitholders, pro rata, 13.26% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner, until we allocate under this paragraph an amount per unit equal to: |
(1) | the sum of the excess of the second target distribution per unit over the first target distribution per unit for each quarter of our existence; less |
(2) | the cumulative amount per unit of any distributions of available cash from operating surplus in excess of the first target distribution per unit that was distributed 84.74% to the unitholders, pro rata, 13.26% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner for each quarter of our existence; |
| Fifth, 74.53% to all unitholders, pro rata, 23.47% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner, until we allocate under this paragraph an amount per unit equal to: |
(1) | the sum of the excess of the third target distribution per unit over the second target distribution per unit for each quarter of our existence; less |
(2) | the cumulative amount per unit of any distributions of available cash from operating surplus in excess of the second target distribution per unit that was distributed 74.53% to the unitholders, pro rata, 23.47% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner for each quarter of our existence; |
| Thereafter, 49.02% to all unitholders, pro rata, 48.98% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner. |
Manner of Adjustment for Losses. Upon our liquidation, we will generally allocate any loss to the general partner and the unitholders in the following manner:
| First, 98% to the holders of common units in proportion to the positive balances in their capital accounts and 2% to the general partner until the capital accounts of the common unitholders have been reduced to zero; and |
| Thereafter, 100% to the general partner. |
Adjustments to Capital Accounts Upon the Issuance of Additional Units. We will make adjustments to capital accounts upon the issuance of additional units. In doing so, we will allocate any gain or loss resulting
T-9
from the adjustments to the unitholders and the general partner in the same manner as we allocate gain or loss upon liquidation. In the event that we make positive interim adjustments to the capital accounts, we will allocate any later negative adjustments to the capital accounts resulting from the issuance of additional units or distributions of property or upon liquidation in a manner which results, to the extent possible, in the capital account balance of the general partner equaling the amount which would have been in its capital account if no earlier positive adjustments to the capital accounts had been made.
DESCRIPTION OF OUR PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
The following is a summary of the material provisions of our partnership agreement. Our partnership agreement has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The following provisions of our partnership agreement are summarized elsewhere in this prospectus:
| allocations of taxable income and other tax matters are described under Material Income Tax Consequences; and |
| rights of holders of common units are described under Description of Our Common Units. |
Our purpose under our partnership agreement is to engage directly or indirectly in any business activity that is approved by our general partner and that may be lawfully conducted by a limited partnership under the Delaware Act. All of our operations are conducted through our operating company, Genesis Crude Oil, L.P., and its subsidiaries.
Each limited partner, and each person who acquires a unit from a unitholder and executes and delivers a transfer application, grants to our general partner and, if appointed, a liquidator, a power of attorney to, among other things, execute and file documents required for our qualification, continuance or dissolution. The power of attorney also grants the general partner the authority to amend, and to make consents and waivers under, our partnership agreement.
Reimbursements of Our General Partner
Our general partner does not receive any compensation for its services as our general partner. It is, however, entitled to be reimbursed for all of its costs incurred in managing and operating our business. Our partnership agreement provides that our general partner will determine the expenses that are allocable to us in any reasonable manner determined by our general partner in its sole discretion. In addition, our general partner owns certain of our equity interest, including our general partner interest and our incentive distribution rights.
Issuance of Additional Securities
Our partnership agreement authorizes us to issue an unlimited number of additional partner securities and rights to buy partnership securities that are equal in rank with or junior to our common units on terms and conditions established by our general partner in its sole discretion without the approval of the unitholders.
It is possible that we will fund acquisitions through the issuance of additional common units or other equity securities. Holders of any additional common units we issue will be entitled to share equally with the then-existing holders of common units in our distributions of available cash. In addition, the issuance of additional equity securities may dilute the value of the interests of the then-existing holders of common units in our net assets.
T-10
In accordance with Delaware law and the provisions of our partnership agreement, we may also issue additional equity securities that, in the sole discretion of our general partner, may have special voting rights to which common units are not entitled.
Our general partner has the right, which it may from time to time assign in whole or in part to any of its affiliates, to purchase common units or other equity securities whenever, and on the same terms that, we issue those securities to persons other than our general partner and its affiliates, to the extent necessary to maintain its percentage interest, including its interest represented by common units, that existed immediately prior to the issuance. The holders of common units will not have preemptive rights to acquire additional common units or other partnership securities.
Amendments to Our Partnership Agreement
Amendments to our partnership agreement may be proposed only by or with the consent of our general partner. Any amendment that materially and adversely affects the rights or preferences of any type or class of limited partner interests in relation to other types or classes of limited partner interests or our general partner interest will require the approval of at least a majority of the type or class of limited partner interests or general partner interests so affected.
However, in some circumstances, more particularly described in our partnership agreement, our general partner may make amendments to our partnership agreement without the approval of our limited partners or assignees.
Withdrawal or Removal of Our General Partner
Our general partner may withdraw as general partner without first obtaining approval of any unitholder by giving 90 days written notice, and that withdrawal will not constitute a violation of our partnership agreement. In addition, our general partner may withdraw without unitholder approval upon 90 days notice to our limited partners if at least 50% of our outstanding common units are held or controlled by one person and its affiliates other than our general partner and its affiliates.
Upon the voluntary withdrawal of our general partner, the holders of a majority of our outstanding common units may elect a successor to the withdrawing general partner. If a successor is not elected, or is elected but an opinion of counsel regarding limited liability and tax matters cannot be obtained, we will be dissolved, wound up and liquidated, unless within 180 days after that withdrawal, the holders of a majority of our outstanding common units agree in writing to continue our business and to appoint a successor general partner.
Our general partner may be removed with or without cause. Cause means that a court of competent jurisdiction has entered a final, non-appealable judgment finding our general partner liable for actual fraud, gross negligence or willful or wanton misconduct in its capacity as our general partner. If cause exists, our general partner may not be removed unless that removal is approved by the vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of our outstanding units, including units held by our general partner and its affiliates. If no cause exists, our general partner may not be removed unless that removal is approved by the vote of the holders of not less than a majority of our outstanding units, excluding units held by our general partner and its affiliates. Any removal of our general partner by the unitholders is also subject to the approval of a successor general partner by the vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding common units and the receipt of an opinion of counsel regarding limited liability and tax matters. Additionally, upon removal of the general partner without cause, our general partner will have the option to convert its interest in us (other than its common units) into common units or to require our replacement general partner to purchase such interest for cash at its then fair market value.
While our partnership agreement limits the ability of our general partner to withdraw, it allows the general partner interest to be transferred to an affiliate or to a third party in conjunction with a merger or sale of all or
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substantially all of the assets of our general partner. In addition, our partnership agreement expressly permits the sale, in whole or in part, of the ownership of our general partner. Our general partner may also transfer, in whole or in part, the common units and any other partnership securities it owns, including the incentive distribution rights.
Liquidation and Distribution of Proceeds
Upon our dissolution, unless we are reconstituted and continued as a new limited partnership, the person authorized to wind up our affairs (the liquidator) will, acting with all the powers of our general partner that the liquidator deems necessary or desirable in its judgment, liquidate our assets. The proceeds of the liquidation will be applied as follows:
| first, towards the payment of all of our creditors; and |
| then, to our unitholders and our general partner in accordance with the positive balance in their respective capital accounts. |
The liquidator may defer liquidation of our assets for a reasonable period or distribute assets to our partners in kind if it determines that a sale would be impractical or would cause undue loss to our partners.
Change of Management Provisions
Our partnership agreement contains the following specific provisions that are intended to discourage a person or group from attempting to remove our general partner or otherwise change management:
| any units held by a person that owns 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, other than our general partner and its affiliates, cannot be voted on any matters pertaining to the succession, election, removal, withdrawal, replacement or substitution of our general partner; and |
| the partnership agreement contains provisions limiting the ability of unitholders to call meetings or to acquire information about our operations, as well as other provisions limiting the unitholders ability to influence the manner or direction of management. |
If at any time our general partner and its affiliates own more than 80% of the issued and outstanding limited partner interests of any class, our general partner will have the right to acquire all, but not less than all, of the outstanding limited partner interests of that class that are held by non-affiliated persons. The record date for determining ownership of the limited partner interests would be selected by our general partner on at least ten but not more than 60 days notice. The purchase price in the event of a purchase under these provisions would be the greater of (1) the current market price (as defined in our partnership agreement) of the limited partner interests of the class as of the date three days prior to the date that notice is mailed to the limited partners as provided in the partnership agreement and (2) the highest cash price paid by our general partner or any of its affiliates for any partnership securities of the class purchased within the 90 days preceding the date our general partner first mails notice of its election to purchase those partnership securities.
Under our partnership agreement, in most circumstances, we will indemnify persons who are or were our general partner, or its members or other affiliates and their officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by law, from and against all losses, claims or damages any of them may suffer because they are or were our general partner, officer or director, as long as the person seeking indemnity acted in good faith and in a manner believed to be in or not opposed to our best interest. Any indemnification under these provisions will only be out of our assets. Our general partner and its affiliates shall not be personally liable for, or have any obligation to contribute
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or loan funds or assets to us to enable us to effectuate any indemnification. We are authorized to purchase insurance against liabilities asserted against and expenses incurred by persons for our activities, regardless of whether we would have the power to indemnify the person against liabilities under our partnership agreement. In addition, we typically enter into indemnification agreements with each director of our general partner covering any costs, claims or expenses such director incurs in connection with serving in her/his capacity as a director or any other capacity at the request of our general partner or us.
Under our partnership agreement, we have agreed to register for resale under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws any common units or other partnership securities proposed to be sold by our general partner or any of its affiliates or their assignees if an exemption from the registration requirements is not otherwise available. We are obligated to pay all expenses incidental to the registration, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions.
MATERIAL INCOME TAX CONSEQUENCES
This section is a discussion of the material income tax consequences that may be relevant to prospective unitholders who are individual citizens or residents of the United States and, unless otherwise noted in the following discussion, expresses the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP, counsel to our general partner and us, insofar as it relates to legal conclusions with respect to matters of United States federal income tax law. This section is based upon current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Internal Revenue Code), existing and proposed Treasury Regulations promulgated under the Internal Revenue Code (the Treasury Regulations), and current administrative rulings and court decisions, all of which are subject to change. Later changes in these authorities may cause the tax consequences to vary substantially from the consequences described below. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this section to us, we, our, or ours are references to Genesis Energy, L.P. and its subsidiaries.
The following discussion does not comment on all federal income tax matters affecting us or our unitholders. Moreover, the discussion focuses on unitholders who are individual citizens or residents of the United States and has only limited application to corporations, estates, trusts, nonresident aliens or other unitholders subject to specialized tax treatment, such as tax-exempt institutions, foreign persons, individual retirement accounts (IRAs), real estate investment trusts (REITs) or mutual funds. Accordingly, we urge each prospective unitholder to consult, and depend on, his own tax advisor in analyzing the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences particular to him of the ownership or disposition of common units.
All statements as to matters of law and legal conclusions, but not as to factual matters, contained in this section, unless otherwise noted, are the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP and are based on the accuracy of the representations made by us and our general partner. No ruling has been or will be requested from the Internal Revenue Service (the IRS) regarding any matter affecting us or prospective unitholders. Instead, we will rely on opinions and advice of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP. Unlike a ruling, an opinion of counsel represents only that counsels best legal judgment and does not bind the IRS or the courts. Accordingly, the opinions and statements made herein may not be sustained by a court if contested by the IRS. Any contest of this sort with the IRS may materially and adversely impact the market for our common units and the prices at which common units trade. In addition, the costs of any contest with the IRS, principally legal, accounting, and related fees, will result in a reduction in cash available for distribution to our unitholders and our general partner and thus will be borne directly or indirectly by our unitholders and our general partner. Furthermore, the tax treatment of us, or of an investment in us, may be significantly modified by future legislative or administrative changes or court decisions. Any modifications may or may not be retroactively applied.
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For the reasons described below, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has not rendered an opinion with respect to the following specific federal income tax issues:
(1) | the treatment of a unitholder whose common units are loaned to a short seller to cover a short sale of common units (please see Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipTreatment of Short Sales); |
(2) | whether our monthly convention for allocating taxable income and losses is permitted by existing Treasury Regulations (please see Disposition of Common UnitsAllocations Between Transferors and Transferees); and |
(3) | whether our method for depreciating Section 743 adjustments is sustainable (please see Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipSection 754 Election). |
A partnership is not a taxable entity and incurs no federal income tax liability. Instead, each partner of a partnership is required to take into account his share of items of income, gain, loss and deduction of the partnership in computing his federal income tax liability, regardless of whether cash distributions are made to him by the partnership. Distributions by a partnership to a partner are generally not taxable to the partnership or to the partner unless the amount of cash distributed to him is in excess of the partners adjusted basis in his partnership interest.
Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code provides that publicly-traded partnerships will, as a general rule, be taxed as corporations. However, an exception, referred to as the Qualifying Income Exception, exists with respect to publicly-traded partnerships of which 90% or more of the gross income for every taxable year consists of qualifying income. Qualifying income includes income and gains derived from the transportation, storage, processing, and marketing of crude oil, natural gas and products thereof and fertilizer. Other types of qualifying income include interest (other than from a financial business), dividends, gains from the sale of real property and gains from the sale or other disposition of capital assets held for the production of income that otherwise constitutes qualifying income. We estimate that at least 90% of our current gross income is qualifying income. Based upon and subject to this estimate, the factual representations made by us and the general partner and a review of the applicable legal authorities, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP is of the opinion that at least 90% of our current gross income constitutes qualifying income.
No ruling has been or will be sought from the IRS and the IRS has made no determination as to our status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes or whether our operations generate qualifying income under Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code. Instead, we will rely on the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP. It is the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP that, based upon the Internal Revenue Code, the Treasury Regulations, published revenue rulings and court decisions and the representations described below, we will be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes.
In rendering its opinion, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has relied on factual representations made by us and our general partner. The representations made by us and our general partner upon which counsel has relied include:
(a) | Neither we nor the operating company has elected or will elect to be treated as a corporation; |
(b) | For each taxable year, more than 90% of our gross income has been and will be income from sources that Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has opined or will opine is qualifying income within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Internal Revenue Code; and |
(c) | Each hedging transaction that we treat as resulting in qualifying income has been and will be appropriately identified as a hedging transaction pursuant to applicable Treasury Regulations, and has been and will be associated with oil, gas or products thereof that are held or are to be held by us in activities that Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has opined or will opine result in qualifying income. |
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If we fail to meet the Qualifying Income Exception, other than a failure that is determined by the IRS to be inadvertent and that is cured within a reasonable time after discovery (in which case the IRS may also require us to make adjustments with respect to our unitholders or pay other amounts), we will be treated as if we had transferred all of our assets, subject to liabilities, to a newly formed corporation, on the first day of the year in which we fail to meet the Qualifying Income Exception, in return for stock in that corporation, and then distributed that stock to our unitholders in liquidation of their interests in us. This deemed contribution and liquidation should be tax-free to unitholders and us so long as we, at that time, do not have liabilities in excess of the tax basis of our assets. Thereafter, we would be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes.
If we were treated as an association taxable as a corporation in any taxable year, either as a result of a failure to meet the Qualifying Income Exception or otherwise, our items of income, gain, loss and deduction would be reflected only on our tax return rather than being passed through to our unitholders, and our net income would be taxed to us at corporate rates. In addition, any distribution made to a unitholder would be treated as either taxable dividend income, to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, or, in the absence of earnings and profits, a nontaxable return of capital, to the extent of the unitholders tax basis in his common units, or taxable capital gain, after the unitholders tax basis in his common units is reduced to zero. Accordingly, taxation as a corporation would result in a material reduction in a unitholders cash flow and after-tax return and thus would likely result in a substantial reduction of the value of the units.
The remainder of the discussion below is based on Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLPs opinion that we will be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes.
Unitholders who have become limited partners of Genesis will be treated as partners of Genesis for federal income tax purposes. Also:
(a) | assignees who have executed and delivered transfer applications, and are awaiting admission as limited partners, and |
(b) | unitholders whose common units are held in street name or by a nominee and who have the right to direct the nominee in the exercise of all substantive rights attendant to the ownership of their common units, |
will be treated as partners of Genesis for federal income tax purposes. As there is no direct authority addressing assignees of common units who are entitled to execute and deliver transfer applications and become entitled to direct the exercise of attendant rights, but who fail to execute and deliver transfer applications, the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP does not extend to these persons. Furthermore, a purchaser or other transferee of common units who does not execute and deliver a transfer application may not receive some federal income tax information or reports furnished to record holders of common units unless the common units are held in a nominee or street name account and the nominee or broker has executed and delivered a transfer application for those common units.
A beneficial owner of common units whose units have been transferred to a short seller to complete a short sale would appear to lose his status as a partner with respect to those units for federal income tax purposes. Please see Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipTreatment of Short Sales.
Income, gain, deductions or losses would not appear to be reportable by a unitholder who is not a partner for federal income tax purposes, and any cash distributions received by a unitholder who is not a partner for federal income tax purposes would therefore appear to be fully taxable as ordinary income. These holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to their status as partners in Genesis.
The references to unitholders in the discussion that follows are to persons who are treated as partners in Genesis for federal income tax purposes.
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Tax Consequences of Unit Ownership
Flow-Through of Taxable Income. We will not pay any federal income tax. Instead, each unitholder will be required to report on his income tax return his share of our income, gains, losses and deductions without regard to whether corresponding cash distributions are received by him. Consequently, we may allocate income to a unitholder even if he has not received a cash distribution. Each unitholder will be required to include in income his allocable share of our income, gains, losses and deductions for our taxable year ending with or within his taxable year. Our taxable year ends on December 31.
Treatment of Distributions. Distributions by us to a unitholder generally will not be taxable to the unitholder for federal income tax purposes, except to the extent the amount of any such cash distribution exceeds his tax basis in his common units immediately before the distribution. Our cash distributions in excess of a unitholders tax basis generally will be considered to be gain from the sale or exchange of our common units, taxable in accordance with the rules described under Disposition of Common Units below. Any reduction in a unitholders share of our liabilities for which no partner, including the general partner, bears the economic risk of loss, known as nonrecourse liabilities, will be treated as a distribution by us of cash to that unitholder. To the extent our distributions cause a unitholders at risk amount to be less than zero at the end of any taxable year, he must recapture any losses deducted in previous years. Please see Limitations on Deductibility of Losses.
A decrease in a unitholders percentage interest in us because of our issuance of additional common units will decrease his share of our nonrecourse liabilities, and thus will result in a corresponding deemed distribution of cash. This deemed distribution may constitute a non-pro rata distribution. A non-pro rata distribution of money or property may result in ordinary income to a unitholder, regardless of his tax basis in his common units, if the distribution reduces the unitholders share of our unrealized receivables, including depreciation recapture, and/or substantially appreciated inventory items, both as defined in Section 751 of the Internal Revenue Code, and collectively, Section 751 Assets. To that extent, he will be treated as having been distributed his proportionate share of the Section 751 Assets and then having exchanged those assets with us in return for the non-pro rata portion of the actual distribution made to him. This latter deemed exchange will generally result in the unitholders realization of ordinary income, which will equal the excess of (1) the non-pro rata portion of that distribution over (2) the unitholders tax basis (generally zero) for the share of Section 751 Assets deemed relinquished in the exchange.
Basis of Common Units. A unitholders initial tax basis for his common units will be the amount he paid for our common units plus his share of our nonrecourse liabilities. That basis will be increased by his share of our income and by any increases in his share of our nonrecourse liabilities. That basis will be decreased, but not below zero, by distributions from us, by the unitholders share of our losses, by any decreases in his share of our nonrecourse liabilities and by his share of our expenditures that are not deductible in computing taxable income and are not required to be capitalized. A unitholder will have no share of our debt that is recourse to our general partner, but will have a share, generally based on his share of profits, of our nonrecourse liabilities. Please see Disposition of Common UnitsRecognition of Gain or Loss.
Limitations on Deductibility of Losses. The deduction by a unitholder of his share of our losses will be limited to the tax basis in his units and, in the case of an individual unitholder, estate, trust, or corporate unitholder (if more than 50% of the value of the corporate unitholders stock is owned directly or indirectly by or for five or fewer individuals or some tax-exempt organizations), to the amount for which the unitholder is considered to be at risk with respect to our activities, if that is less than his tax basis. A unitholder subject to these limitations must recapture losses deducted in previous years to the extent that distributions cause his at-risk amount to be less than zero at the end of any taxable year. Losses disallowed to a unitholder or recaptured as a result of these limitations will carry forward and will be allowable as a deduction to the extent that his at-risk amount is subsequently increased, provided such losses do not exceed such common unitholders tax basis in his common units. Upon the taxable disposition of a unit, any gain recognized by a unitholder can be offset by losses that were previously suspended by the at-risk limitation but may not be offset by losses suspended by the basis limitation. Any loss previously suspended by the at-risk limitation in excess of that gain would no longer be utilizable.
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In general, a unitholder will be at risk to the extent of the tax basis of his units, excluding any portion of that basis attributable to his share of our nonrecourse liabilities, reduced by (i) any portion of that basis representing amounts otherwise protected against loss because of a guarantee, stop loss agreement or other similar arrangement and (ii) any amount of money he borrows to acquire or hold his units, if the lender of those borrowed funds owns an interest in us, is related to the unitholder or can look only to the units for repayment. A unitholders at-risk amount will increase or decrease as the tax basis of the unitholders units increases or decreases, other than tax basis increases or decreases attributable to increases or decreases in his share of our nonrecourse liabilities.
In addition to the basis and at-risk limitations on the deductibility of losses, the passive loss limitations generally provide that individuals, estates, trusts and some closely-held corporations and personal service corporations can deduct losses from passive activities, which are generally trade or business activities in which the taxpayer does not materially participate, only to the extent of the taxpayers income from those passive activities. The passive loss limitations are applied separately with respect to each publicly traded partnership. Consequently, any passive losses we generate will only be available to offset our passive income generated in the future and will not be available to offset income from other passive activities or investments, including our investments or investments in other publicly traded partnerships, or salary or active business income. Passive losses that are not deductible because they exceed a unitholders share of income we generate may be deducted in full when he disposes of his entire investment in us in a fully taxable transaction with an unrelated party. The passive loss limitations are applied after other applicable limitations on deductions, including the at-risk rules and the basis limitation.
A unitholders share of our net income may be offset by any of our suspended passive losses, but it may not be offset by any other current or carryover losses from other passive activities, including those attributable to other publicly traded partnerships.
Limitations on Interest Deductions. The deductibility of a non-corporate taxpayers investment interest expense is generally limited to the amount of that taxpayers net investment income. Investment interest expense includes:
| interest on indebtedness properly allocable to property held for investment; |
| our interest expense attributed to portfolio income; and |
| the portion of interest expense incurred to purchase or carry an interest in a passive activity to the extent attributable to portfolio income. |
The computation of a unitholders investment interest expense will take into account interest on any margin account borrowing or other loan incurred to purchase or carry a unit. Net investment income includes gross income from property held for investment and amounts treated as portfolio income under the passive loss rules, less deductible expenses, other than interest, directly connected with the production of investment income, but generally does not include gains attributable to the disposition of property held for investment or qualified dividend income. The IRS has indicated that the net passive income earned by a publicly traded partnership will be treated as investment income to its unitholders. In addition, the unitholders share of our portfolio income will be treated as investment income.
Entity-Level Collections. If we are required or elect under applicable law to pay any federal, state, local or foreign income tax on behalf of any unitholder or our general partner or any former unitholder, we are authorized to pay those taxes from our funds. That payment, if made, will be treated as a distribution of cash to the partner on whose behalf the payment was made. If the payment is made on behalf of a person whose identity cannot be determined, we are authorized to treat the payment as a distribution to all current unitholders. We are authorized to amend our partnership agreement in the manner necessary to maintain uniformity of intrinsic tax characteristics of units and to adjust later distributions, so that after giving effect to these distributions, the
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priority and characterization of distributions otherwise applicable under our partnership agreement is maintained as nearly as is practicable. Payments by us as described above could give rise to an overpayment of tax on behalf of an individual partner in which event the partner would be required to file a claim in order to obtain a credit or refund.
Allocation of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction. In general, if we have a net profit, our items of income, gain, loss and deduction will be allocated among our general partner and our unitholders in accordance with their percentage interests in us. At any time that incentive distributions are made to our general partner, gross income will be allocated to the recipients to the extent of these distributions. If we have a net loss, that loss will be allocated first to the general partner and the unitholders in accordance with their percentage interests in us to the extent of their positive capital accounts and, second, to the general partner.
Specified items of our income, gain, loss and deduction will be allocated to account for (i) any difference between the tax basis and fair market value of our assets at the time of an offering and (ii) any difference between the tax basis and fair market value of any property contributed to us that exists at the time of such contribution, together, referred to in this discussion as the Contributed Property. The effect of these allocations, referred to as Section 704(c) Allocations, to a unitholder purchasing common units from us in an offering will be essentially the same as if the tax bases of our assets were equal to their fair market value at the time of such offering. In the event we issue additional common units or engage in certain other transactions in the future, we will make reverse Section 704(c) Allocations, similar to the Section 704(c) Allocations described above, to all holders of partnership interests immediately prior to such issuance or other transactions to account for the difference between the book basis for purposes of maintaining capital accounts and the fair market value of all property held by us at the time of such issuance or future transaction. In addition, items of recapture income will be allocated to the extent possible to the partner who was allocated the deduction giving rise to the treatment of that gain as recapture income in order to minimize the recognition of ordinary income by some unitholders. Finally, although we do not expect that our operations will result in the creation of negative capital accounts, if negative capital accounts nevertheless result, items of our income and gain will be allocated in an amount and manner as is needed to eliminate the negative balance as quickly as possible.
An allocation of items of our income, gain, loss or deduction, other than an allocation required by the Internal Revenue Code to eliminate the difference between a partners book capital account, credited with the fair market value of Contributed Property, and tax capital account, credited with the tax basis of Contributed Property, referred to in this discussion as the Book-Tax Disparity, will generally be given effect for federal income tax purposes in determining a partners share of an item of income, gain, loss or deduction only if the allocation has substantial economic effect. In any other case, a partners share of an item will be determined on the basis of his interest in us, which will be determined by taking into account all the facts and circumstances, including:
| his relative contributions to us; |
| the interests of all the partners in profits and losses; |
| the interest of all the partners in cash flow; and |
| the rights of all the partners to distributions of capital upon liquidation. |
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP is of the opinion that, with the exception of the issues described in Section 754 Election and Disposition of Common UnitsAllocations Between Transferors and Transferees, allocations under our partnership agreement will be given effect for federal income tax purposes in determining a partners share of an item of income, gain, loss or deduction.
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Treatment of Short Sales. A unitholder whose units are loaned to a short seller to cover a short sale of units may be considered as having disposed of those units. If so, he would no longer be treated for tax purposes as a partner with respect to those units during the period of the loan and may recognize gain or loss from the disposition. As a result, during this period:
| any of our income, gain, loss or deduction with respect to those units would not be reportable by the unitholder; |
| any cash distributions received by the unitholder as to those units would be fully taxable; and |
| all of these distributions would appear to be ordinary income. |
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has not rendered an opinion regarding the tax treatment of a unitholder whose common units are loaned to a short seller to cover a short sale of common units because there is no direct or indirect authority on the issue related to partnership interests and without such authority a legal opinion cannot be issued; therefore, unitholders desiring to assure their status as partners and avoid the risk of gain recognition from a loan to a short seller are urged to modify any applicable brokerage account agreements to prohibit their brokers from borrowing and loaning their units. The IRS has announced that it is actively studying issues relating to the tax treatment of short sales of partnership interests. Please also read Disposition of Common UnitsRecognition of Gain or Loss.
Alternative Minimum Tax. Each unitholder will be required to take into account his distributive share of any items of our income, gain, loss or deduction for purposes of the alternative minimum tax. The current minimum tax rate for noncorporate taxpayers is 26% on the first $175,000 of alternative minimum taxable income in excess of the exemption amount and 28% on any additional alternative minimum taxable income. Prospective unitholders are urged to consult with their tax advisors as to the impact of an investment in units on their liability for the alternative minimum tax.
Tax Rates. Under current law, the highest marginal U.S. federal income tax rate applicable to ordinary income of individuals is 35% and the highest marginal U.S. federal income tax rate applicable to long-term capital gains (generally, capital gains on certain assets held for more than 12 months) of individuals is 15%. However, absent new legislation extending the current rates, beginning January 1, 2011, the highest marginal U.S. federal income tax rate applicable to ordinary income and long-term capital gains of individuals will increase to 39.6% and 20%, respectively. Moreover, these rates are subject to change by new legislation at any time.
Section 754 Election. We have made the election permitted by Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code. That election is irrevocable without the consent of the IRS. The election will generally permit us to adjust a common unit purchasers tax basis in our assets (inside basis) under Section 743(b) of the Internal Revenue Code to reflect his purchase price. This election does not apply to a person who purchases common units directly from us. The Section 743(b) adjustment belongs to the purchaser and not to other unitholders. For purposes of this discussion, a unitholders inside basis in our assets will be considered to have two components: (1) his share of our tax basis in our assets (common basis) and (2) his Section 743(b) adjustment to that basis.
Where the remedial allocation method is adopted (which we have generally adopted as to all of our properties), the Treasury Regulations under Section 743 of the Internal Revenue Code require a portion of the Section 743(b) adjustment that is attributable to recovery property under Section 168 of the Internal Revenue Code whose book basis is in excess of its tax basis to be depreciated over the remaining cost recovery period for the Section 704(c) built in gain. Under Treasury Regulation Section 1.167(c)-1(a)(6), a Section 743(b) adjustment attributable to property subject to depreciation under Section 167 of the Internal Revenue Code, rather than cost recovery deductions under Section 168, is generally required to be depreciated using either the straight-line method or the 150% declining balance method. If we elect a method other than the remedial method, the depreciation and amortization methods and useful lives associated with the Section 743(b) adjustment,
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therefore, may differ from the methods and useful lives generally used to depreciate the inside basis in such properties. Under our partnership agreement, the general partner is authorized to take a position to preserve the uniformity of units even if that position is not consistent with these and any other Treasury Regulations. Please see Uniformity of Units.
Although Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP is unable to opine as to the validity of this approach because there is no direct or indirect controlling authority on this issue, we intend to depreciate the portion of a Section 743(b) adjustment attributable to unrealized appreciation in the value of Contributed Property, to the extent of any unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, using a rate of depreciation or amortization derived from the depreciation or amortization method and useful life applied to the propertys unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, or treat that portion as non-amortizable to the extent attributable to property which is not amortizable. This method is consistent with the methods employed by other publicly traded partnerships but is arguably inconsistent with Treasury Regulation Section 1.167(c)-1(a)(6), which is not expected to directly apply to a material portion of our assets. To the extent this Section 743(b) adjustment is attributable to appreciation in value in excess of the unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, we will apply the rules described in the Treasury Regulations and legislative history. If we determine that this position cannot reasonably be taken, we may take a depreciation or amortization position under which all purchasers acquiring units in the same month would receive depreciation or amortization, whether attributable to common basis or a Section 743(b) adjustment, based upon the same applicable rate as if they had purchased a direct interest in our assets. This kind of aggregate approach may result in lower annual depreciation or amortization deductions than would otherwise be allowable to some unitholders. Please see Uniformity of Units. A unitholders tax basis for his common units is reduced by his share of our deductions (whether or not such deductions were claimed on an individuals income tax return) so that any position we take that understates deductions will overstate the common unitholders basis in his common units, which may cause the unitholder to understate gain or overstate loss on any sale of such units. Please see Disposition of Common UnitsRecognition of Gain or Loss. The IRS may challenge our position with respect to depreciating or amortizing the Section 743(b) adjustment we take to preserve the uniformity of the units. If such a challenge were sustained, the gain from the sale of units might be increased without the benefit of additional deductions.
A Section 754 election is advantageous if the transferees tax basis in his units is higher than the units share of the aggregate tax basis of our assets immediately prior to the transfer. In that case, as a result of the election, the transferee would have, among other items, a greater amount of depreciation deductions and his share of any gain on a sale of our assets would be less. Conversely, a Section 754 election is disadvantageous if the transferees tax basis in his units is lower than those units share of the aggregate tax basis of our assets immediately prior to the transfer. Thus, the fair market value of the units may be affected either favorably or unfavorably by the election. A basis adjustment is required regardless of whether a Section 754 election is made in the case of a transfer of an interest in us if we have a substantial built-in loss immediately after the transfer, or if we distribute property and have a substantial basis reduction. Generally a built-in loss or a basis reduction is substantial if it exceeds $250,000.
The calculations involved in the Section 754 election are complex and will be made on the basis of assumptions as to the value of our assets and other matters. For example, the allocation of the Section 743(b) adjustment among our assets must be made in accordance with the Internal Revenue Code. The IRS could seek to reallocate some or all of any Section 743(b) adjustment allocated by us to our tangible assets to goodwill instead. Goodwill, as an intangible asset, is generally nonamortizable or amortizable over a longer period of time or under a less accelerated method than our tangible assets. We cannot assure you that the determinations we make will not be successfully challenged by the IRS and that the deductions resulting from them will not be reduced or disallowed altogether. Should the IRS require a different basis adjustment to be made, and should, in our opinion, the expense of compliance exceed the benefit of the election, we may seek permission from the IRS to revoke our Section 754 election. If permission is granted, a subsequent purchaser of units may be allocated more income than he would have been allocated had the election not been revoked.
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Accounting Method and Taxable Year. We use the year ending December 31 as our taxable year and the accrual method of accounting for federal income tax purposes. Each unitholder will be required to include in income his share of our income, gain, loss and deduction for our taxable year ending within or with his taxable year. In addition, a unitholder who has a taxable year ending on a date other than December 31 and who disposes of all of his units following the close of our taxable year but before the close of his taxable year must include his share of our income, gain, loss and deduction in income for his taxable year, with the result that he will be required to include in income for his taxable year his share of more than one year of our income, gain, loss and deduction. Please see Disposition of Common UnitsAllocations Between Transferors and Transferees.
Tax Basis, Depreciation and Amortization. The tax basis of our assets will be used for purposes of computing depreciation and cost recovery deductions and, ultimately, gain or loss on the disposition of these assets. The federal income tax burden associated with the difference between the fair market value of our assets and their tax basis immediately prior to an offering will be borne by our unitholders holding interests in us prior to any such offering. Please see Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipAllocation of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction.
To the extent allowable, we may elect to use the depreciation and cost recovery methods that will result in the largest deductions being taken in the early years after assets subject to these allowances are placed in service. We may not be entitled to amortization deductions with respect to certain goodwill conveyed to us in future transactions or held at the time of any future offering. Property we subsequently acquire or construct may be depreciated using accelerated methods permitted by the Internal Revenue Code.
If we dispose of depreciable property by sale, foreclosure or otherwise, all or a portion of any gain, determined by reference to the amount of depreciation previously deducted and the nature of the property, may be subject to the recapture rules and taxed as ordinary income rather than capital gain. Similarly, a unitholder who has taken cost recovery or depreciation deductions with respect to property we own will likely be required to recapture some or all of those deductions as ordinary income upon a sale of his interest in us. Please see Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipAllocation of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction and Disposition of Common UnitsRecognition of Gain or Loss.
The costs we incur in selling our units (called syndication expenses) must be capitalized and cannot be deducted currently, ratably or upon our termination. There are uncertainties regarding the classification of costs as organization expenses, which may be amortized by us, and as syndication expenses, which may not be amortized by us. The underwriting discounts and commissions we incur will be treated as syndication expenses.
Valuation and Tax Basis of Our Properties. The federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of units will depend in part on our estimates of the relative fair market values, and the initial tax bases, of our assets. Although we may from time to time consult with professional appraisers regarding valuation matters, we will make many of the relative fair market value estimates ourselves. These estimates and determinations of basis are subject to challenge and will not be binding on the IRS or the courts. If the estimates of fair market value or basis are later found to be incorrect, the character and amount of items of income, gain, loss or deductions previously reported by unitholders might change, and unitholders might be required to adjust their tax liability for prior years and incur interest and penalties with respect to those adjustments.
Recognition of Gain or Loss. Gain or loss will be recognized on a sale of units equal to the difference between the amount realized and the unitholders tax basis for the units sold. A unitholders amount realized will be measured by the sum of the cash or the fair market value of other property received by him plus his share of our nonrecourse liabilities. Because the amount realized includes a unitholders share of our nonrecourse liabilities, the gain recognized on the sale of units could result in a tax liability in excess of any cash received from the sale.
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Prior distributions from us in excess of cumulative net taxable income for a common unit that decreased a unitholders tax basis in that common unit will, in effect, become taxable income if the common unit is sold at a price greater than the unitholders tax basis in that common unit, even if the price received is less than his original cost.
Except as noted below, gain or loss recognized by a unitholder, other than a dealer in units, on the sale or exchange of a unit will generally be taxable as capital gain or loss. Capital gain recognized by an individual on the sale of units held for more than twelve months will generally be taxed at a maximum U.S. federal income tax rate of 15% through December 31, 2010 and 20% thereafter (absent new legislation extending or adjusting the current rate). However, a portion, which will likely be substantial, of this gain or loss will be separately computed and taxed as ordinary income or loss under Section 751 of the Internal Revenue Code to the extent attributable to assets giving rise to depreciation recapture or other unrealized receivables or to inventory items we own. The term unrealized receivables includes potential recapture items, including depreciation recapture. Ordinary income attributable to unrealized receivables, inventory items and depreciation recapture may exceed net taxable gain realized upon the sale of a unit and may be recognized even if there is a net taxable loss realized on the sale of a unit. Thus, a unitholder may recognize both ordinary income and a capital loss upon a sale of units. Net capital losses may offset capital gains and no more than $3,000 of ordinary income, in the case of individuals, and may only be used to offset capital gains in the case of corporations.
The IRS has ruled that a partner who acquires interests in a partnership in separate transactions must combine those interests and maintain a single adjusted tax basis for all those interests. Upon a sale or other disposition of less than all of those interests, a portion of that tax basis must be allocated to the interests sold using an equitable apportionment method, which generally means that the tax basis allocated to the interest sold equals an amount that bears the same relation to the partners tax basis in his entire interest in the partnership as the value of the interest sold bears to the value of the partners entire interest in the partnership. Treasury Regulations under Section 1223 of the Internal Revenue Code allow a selling unitholder who can identify common units transferred with an ascertainable holding period to elect to use the actual holding period of the common units transferred. Thus, according to the ruling discussed above, a common unitholder will be unable to select high or low basis common units to sell as would be the case with corporate stock, but, according to the Treasury Regulations, he may designate specific common units sold for purposes of determining the holding period of units transferred. A unitholder electing to use the actual holding period of common units transferred must consistently use that identification method for all subsequent sales or exchanges of common units. A unitholder considering the purchase of additional units or a sale of common units purchased in separate transactions is urged to consult his tax advisor as to the possible consequences of this ruling and application of the Treasury Regulations.
Specific provisions of the Internal Revenue Code affect the taxation of some financial products and securities, including partnership interests, by treating a taxpayer as having sold an appreciated partnership interest, one in which gain would be recognized if it were sold, assigned or terminated at its fair market value, if the taxpayer or related persons enter(s) into:
| a short sale; |
| an offsetting notional principal contract; or |
| a futures or forward contract with respect to the partnership interest or substantially identical property. |
Moreover, if a taxpayer has previously entered into a short sale, an offsetting notional principal contract or a futures or forward contract with respect to the partnership interest, the taxpayer will be treated as having sold that position if the taxpayer or a related person then acquires the partnership interest or substantially identical property. The Secretary of the Treasury is also authorized to issue regulations that treat a taxpayer that enters into transactions or positions that have substantially the same effect as the preceding transactions as having constructively sold the financial position.
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Allocations Between Transferors and Transferees. In general, our taxable income and losses will be determined annually, will be prorated on a monthly basis and will be subsequently apportioned among our unitholders in proportion to the number of units owned by each of them as of the opening of the applicable exchange on the first business day of the month, which we refer to as the Allocation Date. However, gain or loss realized on a sale or other disposition of our assets other than in the ordinary course of business will be allocated among our unitholders on the Allocation Date in the month in which that gain or loss is recognized. As a result, a unitholder transferring units may be allocated income, gain, loss and deduction realized after the date of transfer.
Although simplifying conventions are contemplated by the Internal Revenue Code and most publicly traded partnerships use similar simplifying conventions, the use of this method may not be permitted under existing Treasury Regulations. Accordingly, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP is unable to opine on the validity of this method of allocating income and deductions between transferor and transferee unitholders. If this method is not allowed under the Treasury Regulations, or only applies to transfers of less than all of the unitholders interest, our taxable income or losses might be reallocated among the unitholders. We are authorized to revise our method of allocation between transferor and transferee unitholders, as well as unitholders whose interests vary during a taxable year, to conform to a method permitted under future Treasury Regulations.
A unitholder who owns units at any time during a quarter and who disposes of them prior to the record date set for a cash distribution for that quarter will be allocated items of our income, gain, loss and deductions attributable to that quarter but will not be entitled to receive that cash distribution.
Notification Requirements. A unitholder who sells any of his units is generally required to notify us in writing of that sale within 30 days after the sale. A purchaser of units who purchases units from another unitholder is also generally required to notify us in writing of that purchase within 30 days after the purchase. Upon receiving such notifications, we are required to notify the IRS of that transaction and to furnish specified information to the transferor and transferee. Failure to notify us of a purchase may, in some cases, lead to the imposition of penalties. However, these reporting requirements do not apply to a sale by an individual who is a citizen of the United States and who effects the sale or exchange through a broker who will satisfy such requirements.
Constructive Termination. We will be considered to have been terminated for tax purposes if there are sales or exchanges which, in the aggregate, constitute 50% or more of the total interests in our capital and profits within a twelve-month period. For purposes of measuring whether the 50% threshold is reached, multiple sales of the same interest are counted only once. A constructive termination results in the closing of our taxable year for all unitholders. In the case of a unitholder reporting on a taxable year other than a fiscal year ending December 31, the closing of our taxable year may result in more than twelve months of our taxable income or loss being includable in his taxable income for the year of termination. A constructive termination occurring on a date other than December 31 will result in us filing two tax returns (and common unitholders receiving two Schedules K-1) for one fiscal year and the cost of the preparation of these returns will be borne by all common unitholders. We would be required to make new tax elections after a termination, including a new election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code, and a termination would result in a deferral of our deductions for depreciation. A termination could also result in penalties if we were unable to determine that the termination had occurred. Moreover, a termination might either accelerate the application of, or subject us to, any tax legislation enacted before the termination.
Because we cannot match transferors and transferees of units, we must maintain uniformity of the economic and tax characteristics of the units to a purchaser of these units. In the absence of uniformity, we may be unable to completely comply with a number of federal income tax requirements, both statutory and regulatory. A lack of uniformity can result from a literal application of Treasury Regulation Section 1.167(c)-1(a)(6). Any non-uniformity could have a negative impact on the value of the units. Please see Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipSection 754 Election.
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We intend to depreciate the portion of a Section 743(b) adjustment attributable to unrealized appreciation in the value of Contributed Property, to the extent of any unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, using a rate of depreciation or amortization derived from the depreciation or amortization method and useful life applied to the propertys unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, or treat that portion as nonamortizable, to the extent attributable to property the common basis of which is not amortizable, consistent with the Treasury Regulations under Section 743 of the Internal Revenue Code, even though that position may be inconsistent with Treasury Regulation Section 1.167(c)-1(a)(6), which is not expected to directly apply to a material portion of our assets. Please see Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipSection 754 Election. To the extent that the Section 743(b) adjustment is attributable to appreciation in value in excess of the unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, we will apply the rules described in the Treasury Regulations and legislative history. If we determine that this position cannot reasonably be taken, we may adopt a depreciation and amortization position under which all purchasers acquiring units in the same month would receive depreciation and amortization deductions, whether attributable to a common basis or Section 743(b) adjustment, based upon the same applicable methods and lives as if they had purchased a direct interest in our property. If this position is adopted, it may result in lower annual depreciation and amortization deductions than would otherwise be allowable to some unitholders and risk the loss of depreciation and amortization deductions not taken in the year that these deductions are otherwise allowable. This position will not be adopted if we determine that the loss of depreciation and amortization deductions will have a material adverse effect on our unitholders. If we choose not to utilize this aggregate method, we may use any other reasonable depreciation and amortization method to preserve the uniformity of the intrinsic tax characteristics of any units that would not have a material adverse effect on our unitholders. The IRS may challenge any method of depreciating the Section 743(b) adjustment described in this paragraph. If this challenge were sustained, the uniformity of units might be affected, and the gain from the sale of units might be increased without the benefit of additional deductions. Please see Disposition of Common UnitsRecognition of Gain or Loss.
Tax-Exempt Organizations and Other Investors
Ownership of units by employee benefit plans, other tax-exempt organizations, non-resident aliens, foreign corporations and other foreign persons raise issues unique to those investors and, as described below, may have substantially adverse tax consequences to them. If you are a tax-exempt entity or a foreign person, you should consult your tax advisor before investing in our common units.
Employee benefit plans and most other organizations exempt from federal income tax, including individual retirement accounts and other retirement plans, are subject to federal income tax on unrelated business taxable income. Virtually all of our income allocated to a unitholder that is a tax-exempt organization will be unrelated business taxable income and will be taxable to it.
Non-resident aliens and foreign corporations, trusts or estates that own units will be considered to be engaged in business in the United States because of the ownership of units. As a consequence, they will be required to file federal tax returns to report their share of our income, gain, loss or deduction and pay federal income tax at regular rates on their share of our net income or gain. Moreover, under rules applicable to publicly traded partnerships, we will withhold at the highest applicable effective tax rate from cash distributions made quarterly to foreign unitholders. Each foreign unitholder must obtain a taxpayer identification number from the IRS and submit that number to our transfer agent on a Form W-8BEN or applicable substitute form in order to obtain credit for these withholding taxes. A change in applicable law may require us to change these procedures.
In addition, because a foreign corporation that owns units will be treated as engaged in a United States trade or business, that corporation may be subject to the United States branch profits tax at a rate of 30%, in addition to regular federal income tax, on its share of our income and gain, as adjusted for changes in the foreign corporations U.S. net equity, which are effectively connected with the conduct of a United States trade or business. That tax may be reduced or eliminated by an income tax treaty between the United States and the country in which the foreign corporate unitholder is a qualified resident. In addition, this type of unitholder is subject to special information reporting requirements under Section 6038C of the Internal Revenue Code.
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Under a ruling of the IRS, a foreign unitholder who sells or otherwise disposes of a unit will be subject to federal income tax on gain realized on the sale or disposition of that unit to the extent that this gain is effectively connected with a United States trade or business of the foreign unitholder. Because a foreign unitholder is considered to be engaged in business in the United States by virtue of the ownership of units, under this ruling a foreign unitholder who sells or otherwise disposes of a unit generally will be subject to federal income tax on gain realized on the sale or other disposition of units. Apart from the ruling, a foreign unitholder will not be taxed or subject to withholding upon the sale or disposition of a unit if he has owned less than 5% in value of the units during the five-year period ending on the date of the disposition and if the units are regularly traded on an established securities market at the time of the sale or disposition.
Information Returns and Audit Procedures. We intend to furnish to each unitholder, within 90 days after the close of each calendar year, specific tax information, including a Schedule K-1, which describes his share of our income, gain, loss and deduction for our preceding taxable year. In preparing this information, which will not be reviewed by counsel, we will take various accounting and reporting positions, some of which have been mentioned earlier, to determine each unitholders share of income, gain, loss and deduction. We cannot assure you that those positions will in all cases yield a result that conforms to the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code, Treasury Regulations or administrative interpretations of the IRS. Neither we nor Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP can assure prospective unitholders that the IRS will not successfully contend in court that those positions are impermissible. Any challenge by the IRS could negatively affect the value of the units.
The IRS may audit our federal income tax information returns. Adjustments resulting from an IRS audit may require each unitholder to adjust a prior years tax liability, and possibly may result in an audit of his return. Any audit of a unitholders return could result in adjustments not related to our returns as well as those related to our returns.
Partnerships generally are treated as separate entities for purposes of federal tax audits, judicial review of administrative adjustments by the IRS and tax settlement proceedings. The tax treatment of partnership items of income, gain, loss and deduction are determined in a partnership proceeding rather than in separate proceedings with the partners. The Internal Revenue Code requires that one partner be designated as the Tax Matters Partner for these purposes. Our partnership agreement names our general partner as our Tax Matters Partner.
The Tax Matters Partner has made and will make elections on our behalf and on behalf of unitholders. In addition, the Tax Matters Partner can extend the statute of limitations for assessment of tax deficiencies against unitholders for items in our returns. The Tax Matters Partner may bind a unitholder with less than a 1% profits interest in us to a settlement with the IRS unless that unitholder elects, by filing a statement with the IRS, not to give that authority to the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner may seek judicial review, by which all our unitholders are bound, of a final partnership administrative adjustment and, if the Tax Matters Partner fails to seek judicial review, judicial review may be sought by any unitholder having at least a 1% interest in profits or by any group of unitholders having in the aggregate at least a 5% interest in profits. However, only one action for judicial review will go forward, and each unitholder with an interest in the outcome may participate.
A unitholder must file a statement with the IRS identifying the treatment of any item on his federal income tax return that is not consistent with the treatment of the item on the tax report we provide to him. Intentional or negligent disregard of this consistency requirement may subject a unitholder to substantial penalties.
Nominee Reporting. Persons who hold an interest in us as a nominee for another person are required to furnish to us:
(a) | the name, address and taxpayer identification number of the beneficial owner and the nominee; |
(b) | whether the beneficial owner is |
(1) | a person that is not a United States person, |
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(2) | a foreign government, an international organization or any wholly owned agency or instrumentality of either of the foregoing, or |
(3) | a tax-exempt entity; |
(c) | the amount and description of units held, acquired or transferred for the beneficial owner; and |
(d) | specific information including the dates of acquisitions and transfers, means of acquisitions and transfers, and acquisition cost for purchases, as well as the amount of net proceeds from sales. |
Brokers and financial institutions are required to furnish additional information, including whether they are United States persons and specific information on units they acquire, hold or transfer for their own account. A penalty of $50 per failure, up to a maximum of $100,000 per calendar year, is imposed by the Internal Revenue Code for failure to report that information to us. The nominee is required to supply the beneficial owner of the units with the information furnished to us.
Accuracy-Related Penalties. An additional tax equal to 20% of the amount of any portion of an underpayment of tax that is attributable to one or more specified causes, including negligence or disregard of rules or regulations, substantial understatements of income tax and substantial valuation misstatements, is imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. No penalty will be imposed, however, for any portion of an underpayment if it is shown that there was a reasonable cause for that portion and that the taxpayer acted in good faith regarding that portion.
For individuals, a substantial understatement of income tax in any taxable year exists if the amount of the understatement exceeds the greater of 10% of the tax required to be shown on the return for the taxable year or $5,000 ($10,000 for most corporations). The amount of any understatement subject to penalty generally is reduced if any portion is attributable to a position adopted on the return:
(1) | for which there is, or was, substantial authority, or |
(2) | as to which there is a reasonable basis and the pertinent facts of that position are disclosed on the return. |
If any item of income, gain, loss or deduction included in the distributive shares of unitholders might result in that kind of an understatement of income for which no substantial authority exists, we must disclose the pertinent facts on our return. In addition, we will make a reasonable effort to furnish sufficient information for unitholders to make adequate disclosure on their returns and to take other actions as may be appropriate to permit unitholders to avoid liability for this penalty. More stringent rules apply to tax shelters, which we do not believe includes us or any of our investments, plans or arrangements.
A substantial valuation misstatement exists if the value of any property, or the adjusted basis of any property, claimed on a tax return is 150% or more of the amount determined to be the correct amount of the valuation or adjusted basis. No penalty is imposed unless the portion of the underpayment attributable to a substantial valuation misstatement exceeds $5,000 ($10,000 for most corporations). If the valuation claimed on a return is 200% or more than the correct valuation, the penalty imposed increases to 40%. We do not anticipate making any valuation misstatements.
Reportable Transactions. If we were to engage in a reportable transaction, we (and possibly you and others) would be required to make a detailed disclosure of the transaction to the IRS. A transaction may be a reportable transaction based upon any of several factors, including the fact that it is a type of tax avoidance transaction publicly identified by the IRS as a listed transaction or that it produces certain kinds of losses for partnerships, individuals, S corporations, and trusts in excess of $2 million in any single year, or $4 million in any combination of six successive tax years. Our participation in a reportable transaction could increase the likelihood that our federal income tax information return (and possibly your tax return) would be audited by the IRS. Please see Information Returns and Audit Procedures.
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Moreover, if we were to participate in a reportable transaction with a significant purpose to avoid or evade tax, or in any listed transaction, you may be subject to the following provisions of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004:
| accuracy-related penalties with a broader scope, significantly narrower exceptions, and potentially greater amounts than described above at Accuracy-Related Penalties, |
| for those persons otherwise entitled to deduct interest on federal tax deficiencies, nondeductibility of interest on any resulting tax liability, and |
| in the case of a listed transaction, an extended statute of limitations. |
We do not expect to engage in any reportable transactions.
State, Local, Foreign and Other Tax Consequences
In addition to federal income taxes, you may be subject to other taxes, such as state, local, and foreign income taxes, unincorporated business taxes, and estate, inheritance or intangible taxes that may be imposed by the various jurisdictions in which we do business or own property or in which you are a resident. We own assets and do business in more than 25 states including Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Arkansas and Oklahoma. Many of the states we currently do business in currently impose a personal income tax. We may also own property or do business in other states in the future. Although an analysis of those various taxes is not presented here, each prospective unitholder is urged to consider their potential impact on his investment in us. Although you may not be required to file a return and pay taxes in some jurisdictions because your income from that jurisdiction falls below the filing and payment requirement, you might be required to file income tax returns and to pay income taxes in other jurisdictions in which we do business or own property, now or in the future, and may be subject to penalties for failure to comply with those requirements. In some jurisdictions, tax losses may not produce a tax benefit in the year incurred and may not be available to offset income in subsequent taxable years. Some jurisdictions may require us, or we may elect, to withhold a percentage of income from amounts to be distributed to a unitholder who is not a resident of the jurisdiction. Withholding, the amount of which may be greater or less than a particular unitholders income tax liability to the jurisdiction, generally does not relieve a nonresident unitholder from the obligation to file an income tax return. Amounts withheld will be treated as if distributed to unitholders for purposes of determining the amounts distributed by us. Please see Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipEntity-Level Collections.
It is the responsibility of each unitholder to investigate the legal and tax consequences, under the laws of pertinent jurisdictions, of his investment in us. Accordingly, each prospective unitholder is urged to consult, and depend upon, his tax counsel or other advisor with regard to those matters. Further, it is the responsibility of each unitholder to file all state, local and foreign, as well as United States federal tax returns, that may be required of him. Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has not rendered an opinion on the state, local, or foreign tax consequences of an investment in us.
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INVESTMENT IN GENESIS BY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
An investment in Genesis by an employee benefit plan is subject to certain additional considerations because persons with discretionary control of assets of such plans (a fiduciary) are subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA), and transactions are subject to restrictions imposed by Section 4975 of the Code. As used in this prospectus, the term employee benefit plan includes, but is not limited to, qualified pension, profit-sharing and stock bonus plans, Keogh plans, Simplified Employee Pension Plans, and tax deferred annuities or Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) established or maintained by an employer or employee organization. Among other things, consideration should be given to (1) whether such investment is prudent under Section 404(a)(1)(B) of ERISA, (2) whether in making such investment such plan will satisfy the diversification requirement of Section 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA, and (3) whether such investment will result in recognition of unrelated business taxable income by such plan. Please read Material Income Tax ConsequencesTax-Exempt Organizations and Other Investors. Fiduciaries should determine whether an investment in Genesis is authorized by the appropriate governing instrument and is an appropriate investment for such plan.
In addition, a fiduciary of an employee benefit plan should consider whether such plan will, by investing in Genesis, be deemed to own an undivided interest in the assets of Genesis, with the result that the general partner would also be a fiduciary of such plan and Genesis would be subject to the regulatory restrictions of ERISA, including its prohibited transaction rules, as well as the prohibited transaction rules of the Code.
Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code (which also applies to IRAs that are not considered part of an employee benefit plan; i.e., IRAs established or maintained by individuals rather than an employer or employee organization) prohibit an employee benefit plan from engaging in certain transactions involving plan assets with parties who are parties in interest under ERISA or disqualified persons under the Code with respect to the plan. Under Department of Labor regulations the assets of an entity in which employee benefit plans acquire equity interests would not be deemed plan assets if, among other things, (1) the equity interests acquired by employee benefit plans are publicly offered securities - i.e., the equity interests are widely held by 100 or more investors independent of the issuer and each other, freely transferable and registered pursuant to certain provisions of the federal securities law, (2) the entity is an operating company - i.e., it is primarily engaged in the production or sale of a product or service other than the investment of capital, or (3) there is no significant investment by benefit plan investors, which is defined to mean that less than 25% of the value of each class of equity interest is held by employee benefit plans subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code. Genesis assets are not expected to be considered plan assets under these regulations because it is expected that the investment will satisfy the requirements in (1) above, and may also satisfy the requirements in (2) and (3).
Each person investing in Genesis will be deemed to represent that its acquisition, holding and disposition of such investment will not constitute a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
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The selling unitholders are subsidiaries of Denbury Resources Inc., one of which owned all of the Class A membership interest in our general partner. On February 5, 2010, Quintana (along with its co-investors, certain members of the Davison family and our senior management team) acquired control of our general partner. Our general partner owns all of our general partner interest and all of our incentive distribution rights. Prior to Quintanas investment in us, Denbury Resources Inc. controlled our general partner. Denbury retained indirect ownership of 10.2% of our outstanding common units after the sale to Quintana which constitute all of the common units to be sold under this prospectus.
Each selling unitholder may elect to sell all, a portion or none of the common units it offers hereby, except that there are limits to how many units they may offer and sell at one time. See Plan of Distribution. Each selling unitholder will determine the prices and terms of the sales at the time of each offering made by it, and will be responsible for any fees, discounts or selling commissions due to brokers, dealers or agents. We will pay all of the other offering expenses, including reasonable fees and expenses of one legal counsel for the selling unitholders incurred in connection with each registration hereunder. We will not receive any of the proceeds from any sale of the common units sold pursuant to this prospectus.
The following table sets forth the following information regarding the selling unitholders as of March 5, 2010: the name of each selling unitholder, the nature of any position, office, or other material relationship that the selling unitholders have had within the past three years with us or with any of our predecessors or affiliates, the amount and percentage of our common units beneficially owned by such unitholder prior to the offering, and the amount being offered for the unitholders account. We prepared the table based solely on our review of the Schedule 13G/A (Amendment No. 2) filed by Denbury with the Commission on February 17, 2009 or information otherwise provided by the selling unitholders. We have not sought to verify such information. Additionally, some or all of the selling unitholders may have sold or transferred some or all of their common units in exempt or non-exempt transactions, since such date. Other information about the selling unitholders may also change over time.
The selling unitholders identified below may currently hold or acquire at any time common units in addition to those registered hereby. In addition, the selling unitholders identified below may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of some or all of their common units in private placement in transactions exempt from or not subject to the registration requirements of the Securities Act. Accordingly, we cannot give an estimate as to the amount of units that will be held by the selling unitholders upon termination of this offering. Other information about the selling unitholders may change over time. The selling unitholders include the entities identified in the following schedule and their pledges, donees (including charitable organizations), distributees, transferees, affiliates, or other successors-in-interest.
Number of Common Units Beneficially Owned |
Percentage of Common Units Beneficially Owned (3) |
Number of Common Units that May Be Sold | |||||
Denbury Onshore, LLC(1) |
1,199,041 | 3.0 | % | 1,199,041 | |||
Denbury Gathering & Marketing, Inc.(2) |
2,829,055 | 7.2 | % | 2,829,055 |
(1) | Denbury Onshore, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Denbury. |
(2) | Denbury Gathering & Marketing, Inc., a Delaware corporation, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Denbury. |
(3) | The beneficial ownership percentages were calculated based on 39,585,692 common units (including the 4,028,096 common units that are covered by this prospectus), the number of common units outstanding as of March 5, 2010. |
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The selling unitholders may offer and sell the common units offered by this prospectus or a prospectus supplement, as applicable, from time to time in one or more of the following transactions:
| through the NYSE Amex or any other securities exchange that quotes our common units (including through underwritten offerings); |
| in the over-the-counter market; |
| in transactions other than on such exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including negotiated transactions and other private transactions); |
| by pledge to secure debts and other obligations or on foreclosure of a pledge; or |
| in a combination of any of the above transactions. |
The selling unitholders may enter into from time to time one or more of the following transactions, in which a selling unitholder may:
| enter into transactions with a broker-dealer or any other person in connection with which such broker-dealer or other person will engage in short sales of the common units under this prospectus, in which case such broker-dealer or other person may use common units received from the selling unitholder to close out its short positions; |
| enter into option or other types of transactions that require the selling unitholder to deliver common units to a broker-dealer or any other person, who will then resell or transfer the common units under this prospectus; or |
| loan or pledge the common units to a broker-dealer or any other person, who may sell the loaned common units or, in an event of default in the case of a pledge, sell the pledged common units under this prospectus. |
The selling unitholders may use broker-dealers or other persons to sell their common units in transactions that may include one or more of the following:
| a block trade in which a broker-dealer or other person may resell a portion of the block, as principal or agent, in order to facilitate the transaction; |
| purchases by a broker-dealer or other person, as principal, and resale by the broker-dealer or other person for its account; or |
| ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which a broker solicits purchasers. |
From time to time, a selling unitholder may pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the common units owned by it. If the selling unitholder defaults in performance of its secured obligations, the pledged or secured parties may offer and sell the common units from time to time by this prospectus. The selling unitholder also may transfer common units in other circumstances. The number of common units beneficially owned by the selling unitholder will decrease as and when it transfers its common units or defaults in performing obligations secured by its common units. The plan of distribution for the common units offered and sold under this prospectus will otherwise remain unchanged, except that the transferees, distributees, pledgees, affiliates, other secured parties or other successors in interest will be selling unitholders for purposes of this prospectus.
Broker-dealers or other persons may receive discounts or commissions from the selling unitholders, or they may receive commissions from purchasers of common units for whom they acted as agents, or both. Any of such discounts or commissions might be in excess of those customary in the types of transactions involved. Broker-dealers or other persons engaged by the selling unitholders may allow other broker-dealers or other persons to
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participate in resales. The selling unitholders may agree to indemnify any broker-dealer or agent against certain liabilities related to the selling of the common units, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act. If a broker-dealer purchases common units as a principal, it may resell the common units for its own account under this prospectus. A distribution of the common units by the selling unitholders may also be effected through the issuance by the selling unitholders or others of derivative securities, including warrants, exchangeable securities, forward delivery contracts and the writing of options.
If the selling unitholders sell common units in an underwritten offering, the underwriters may acquire the common units for their own account and resell the common units from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The selling unitholders may also authorize underwriters acting as their agents to offer and sell the common units on a continuous at-the-market basis. In any such event described above in this paragraph, we will set forth in a supplement to this prospectus the names of the underwriters and the terms of the transactions, including any underwriting discounts, concessions or commissions and other items constituting compensation of the underwriters and broker-dealers. The underwriters from time to time may change any public offering price and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed or reallowed or paid to broker-dealers. Unless otherwise set forth in a supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the common units will be subject to certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the common units specified in the supplement if they purchase any of the common units.
The selling unitholders may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by the selling unitholders or borrowed from the selling unitholders or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of securities, and may use securities received from the selling unitholders in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of securities. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or in a post-effective amendment to the registration statement).
The selling unitholders have advised us that they (or their underwriters, if applicable) may sell their common units at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices, at negotiated prices or at fixed prices and that the transactions listed above may include cross or block transactions.
The aggregate proceeds to the selling unitholders from the sale of the common units will be the purchase price of the shares less the aggregate agents discounts or commissions, if any, and other expenses of the distribution not borne by us. The selling unitholders and any agent, broker or dealer that participates in sales of common units offered by this prospectus may be deemed underwriters under the Securities Act and any profits, commissions or other consideration received by any agent, broker or dealer may be considered underwriting discounts or commissions under the Securities Act. The selling unitholders have advised us that they may agree to indemnify any agent, broker or dealer that participates in sales of common units against liabilities arising under the Securities Act from sales of common units.
Instead of selling common units under this prospectus, the selling unitholders may sell common units in compliance with the provisions of Rule 144 or any other applicable exemption from registration under the Securities Act, if available.
If a prospectus supplement so indicates, the underwriters engaged in an offering of these securities may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of these securities at levels above those that might otherwise prevail in the open market. Specifically, the underwriters may over-allot in connection with the offering creating a short position in these securities for their own account. For the purposes of covering a syndicate short position or pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of these securities, the
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underwriters may place bids for these securities or effect purchases of these securities in the open market. A syndicate short position may also be covered by exercise of an over-allotment option, if one is granted to the underwriters. Finally, the underwriters may impose a penalty bid on certain underwriters and dealers. This means that the underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing securities in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions or otherwise. The underwriters will not be required to engage in any of these activities and any such activities, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
If a prospectus supplement so indicates, a selling unitholder may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers by certain institutional investors to purchase these securities to which such prospectus supplement relates, providing for payment and delivery on a future date specified in such prospectus supplement. There may be limitations on the minimum amount that may be purchased by any such institutional investor or on the number of these securities that may be sold pursuant to such arrangements. Institutional investors include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and such other institutions as we may approve. Agents, dealers or underwriters will not have any responsibility in respect of the validity of such arrangements or our performance or such institutional investors thereunder.
Any of the selling unitholders underwriters or agents or any of either of their affiliates may be customers of, engage in transactions with and perform services for us, and/or one or more of the selling unitholders or their affiliates in the ordinary course of business.
We have informed the selling unitholders that during such time as they may be engaged in a distribution of the common units they are required to comply with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. With exceptions, Regulation M prohibits the selling unitholders, any affiliated purchasers and other persons who participate in such a distribution from bidding for or purchasing, or attempting to induce any person to bid for or purchase, any security which is the subject of the distribution until the entire distribution is complete.
We have informed the selling unitholders that they are legally required to deliver copies of this prospectus in connection with any sale of common units made under this prospectus in accordance with applicable prospectus delivery requirements.
The common units originally issued by us to the selling unitholders bear legends as to their restricted transferability. Upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is part, and the transfer by the selling unitholder of any of the common units pursuant to this prospectus, to the extent new certificates representing those common units are issued, such new certificates will be issued free of any such legends unless otherwise required by law.
Additional information related to the selling unitholders and the plan of distribution may be provided in one or more prospectus supplements.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and other reports and other information with the Commission. You may read and copy documents we file at the Commissions public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for information on the public reference room. You can also find our filings at the Commissions website at http://www.sec.gov and on our website at http://www.genesisenergy.com. We make our website content available for information purposes only. Information contained on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus and does not constitute a part of this prospectus.
The Commission allows us to incorporate by reference the information we have filed with the Commission, which means that we can disclose important information to you without actually including the specific information in this prospectus by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus and later information that we file with the Commission will automatically update and supersede this information. Therefore, before you decide to invest in a particular offering under this shelf registration, you should always check for reports we may have filed with the Commission after the date of this prospectus. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future filings we make with the Commission under Sections 13(a), 13(c), 14, or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (excluding information deemed to be furnished and not filed with the Commission) until we sell all of the securities offered by this prospectus:
| Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009; |
| Current Reports on Form 8-K filed on February 11, 2010, February 26, 2010 and March 5, 2010; and |
| the description of our common units in our registration statement on Form 8-A (File No. 001-12295) filed on January 30, 2001. |
We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus, other than exhibits to any such document not specifically described above. Requests for such documents should be directed to:
Investor Relations
Genesis Energy, L.P.
919 Milam, Suite 2100
Houston, Texas 77002
(713) 860-2500 or (800) 284-3365
We intend to furnish or make available to our unitholders within 75 days (or such shorter period as the Commission may prescribe) following the close of our fiscal year end annual reports containing audited financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and furnish or make available within 40 days (or such shorter period as the Commission may prescribe) following the close of each fiscal quarter quarterly reports containing unaudited interim financial information, including the information required by Form 10-Q for the first three fiscal quarters of each of our fiscal years. Our annual report will include a description of any transactions with our general partner or its affiliates, and of fees, commissions, compensation and other benefits paid, or accrued to our general partner or its affiliates for the fiscal year completed, including the amount paid or accrued to each recipient and the services performed.
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INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The statements in this prospectus and the documents incorporated in this prospectus by reference that are not historical information may be forward looking statements within the meaning of the various provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements, other than historical facts, included in this prospectus and the documents incorporated in this prospectus by reference that address activities, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will or may occur in the future, including things such as plans for growth of the business, future capital expenditures, competitive strengths, goals, references to future goals or intentions and other such references are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are identified as any statement that does not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They use words such as anticipate, believe, continue, estimate, expect, forecast, intend, may, plan, position, projection, strategy or will or the negative of those terms or other variations of them or by comparable terminology. In particular, statements, expressed or implied, concerning future actions, conditions or events or future operating results or the ability to generate sales, income or cash flow are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance. Those forward-looking statements reflect our intentions, plans, expectations, assumptions and beliefs, and they involve risks, uncertainties and other contingencies, many of which are beyond our control. Future actions, conditions or events and future results of operations may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements. Many of the factors that will determine these results are beyond our ability or the ability of our affiliates to control or predict. Specific factors that could cause actual results to differ from those in the forward-looking statements include:
| demand for, the supply of, changes in forecast data for, and price trends related to crude oil, liquid petroleum, natural gas and natural gas liquids or NGLs, sodium hydrosulfide and caustic soda in the United States, all of which may be affected by economic activity, capital expenditures by energy producers, weather, alternative energy sources, international events, conservation and technological advances; |
| throughput levels and rates; |
| changes in, or challenges to, our tariff rates; |
| our ability to successfully identify and consummate strategic acquisitions, make cost saving changes in operations and integrate acquired assets or businesses into our existing operations; |
| service interruptions in our liquids transportation systems, natural gas transportation systems or natural gas gathering and processing operations; |
| shut-downs or cutbacks at refineries, petrochemical plants, utilities or other businesses for which we transport crude oil, natural gas or other products or to whom we sell such products; |
| changes in laws or regulations to which we are subject; |
| our inability to borrow or otherwise access funds needed for operations, expansions or capital expenditures as a result of existing debt agreements that contain restrictive financial covenants; |
| loss of key personnel; |
| the effects of competition, in particular, by other pipeline systems; |
| hazards and operating risks that may not be covered fully by insurance; |
| the condition of the capital markets in the United States; |
| loss or bankruptcy of key customers; |
| the political and economic stability of the oil producing nations of the world; and |
| general economic conditions, including rates of inflation and interest rates. |
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You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. When considering forward-looking statements, please review the risk factors described under Risk Factors beginning on page 1 of this prospectus. Except as required by applicable securities laws, we do not intend to update these forward-looking statements and information.
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP, as our counsel, will issue an opinion for us about the legality of the securities and the material federal income tax considerations regarding the common units. Any underwriter will be advised about other issues relating to any offering by its own legal counsel.
The consolidated financial statements and the related financial statement schedule incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from Genesis Energy, L.P.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009 and the effectiveness of Genesis Energy, L.P.s internal control over financial reporting have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The balance sheet of Genesis Energy, LLC as of December 31, 2009, incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from Genesis Energy, L.P.s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 26, 2010 has been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report, which is incorporated in this Prospectus by reference. Such balance sheet has been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
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PROSPECTUS
Genesis Energy, L.P.
13,459,209 Common Units
Representing Limited Partner Interests
This prospectus relates to 13,459,209 of our common units that may be offered from time to time up to specified limits by one or more of the selling unitholders identified in this prospectus or in any supplement to this prospectus. See the sections of this prospectus entitled Selling Unitholders and Plan of Distribution.
The common units are being registered to permit the selling unitholders to sell the common units from time to time in the public market. The selling unitholders may sell the common units through ordinary brokerage transactions, directly to market makers or through any other means described in the section of this prospectus entitled Plan of Distribution, including through sales to underwriters or dealers (in which case this prospectus will be accompanied by a prospectus supplement listing any underwriters, the compensation to be received by the underwriters, and the total amount of money that the selling unitholders will receive in such sale after expenses of the offering are paid).
Each selling unitholder may elect to sell all, a portion or none of the common units it offers hereby. Each selling unitholder will determine the prices and terms of the sales at the time of each offering made by it, and will be responsible for any fees, discounts or selling commissions due to brokers, dealers or agents. We will pay all of the other offering expenses. We will not receive any of the proceeds from any sale of the common units sold pursuant to this prospectus.
You should carefully read this prospectus and any supplement before you invest. You also should read the documents we have referred you to in the section of this prospectus entitled Where You Can Find More Information for information on us and our financial statements. This prospectus may not be used to consummate sales of securities unless accompanied by a prospectus supplement.
Our common units are listed on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol GEL.
Investing in our common units involves risks. Limited partnerships are inherently different from corporations. You should carefully consider the Risk Factors beginning on page U-4 of this prospectus and contained in any applicable prospectus supplement and in the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein before you make an investment in our common units.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is April 29, 2008.
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You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement and the documents we have incorporated by reference. We have not authorized anyone else to provide you different information. We are not making an offer of these securities in any state where the offer is not permitted. We will disclose any material changes in our affairs in an amendment to this prospectus, a prospectus supplement or a future filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission incorporated by reference in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date on the front of those documents.
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This prospectus, including any information incorporated by reference herein, is part of a registration statement on Form S-3 that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission or the Commission, using a shelf registration or continuous offering process. Under this shelf registration process, the selling unitholders named in this prospectus or in any supplement to this prospectus may offer from time to time up to 13,459,209 common units representing limited partner interests. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the common units the selling unitholders may offer. A selling unitholder may sell none, some or all of its common units offered by this prospectus. A selling unitholder may provide a prospectus supplement containing specific information about the terms of a particular offering. A prospectus supplement may also add to, update or change information in this prospectus. The information in this prospectus is accurate as of the date on the cover page. If the description of the offering varies between the prospectus supplement and this prospectus, you should rely on the information in the prospectus supplement. Therefore, you should carefully read both this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement, together with additional information described under the heading Where You Can Find More Information before you invest in our common units.
Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this prospectus to Genesis Energy, L.P., Genesis, we, our, us or like terms refer to Genesis Energy, L.P. and its operating subsidiaries; Denbury or Denbury Resources means Denbury Resources Inc. and its subsidiaries; CO2 means carbon dioxide; and NaHS, which is commonly pronounced as nash, means sodium hydrosulfide.
We are a growth-oriented limited partnership focused on the midstream segment of the oil and gas industry in the Gulf Coast region of the United States, primarily Texas, Louisiana, Arkansas, Mississippi, Alabama and Florida. We were formed in 1996 as a master limited partnership, or MLP. We have a diverse portfolio of customers, operations and assets, including refinery-related plants, pipelines, storage tanks and terminals, and trucks and truck terminals. We provide services to refinery owners; oil, natural gas and CO2, producers; industrial and commercial enterprises that use CO2 and other industrial gases; and individuals and companies that use our dry-goods trucking services. Substantially all of our revenues are derived from providing services to integrated oil companies, large independent oil and gas or refinery companies, and large industrial and commercial enterprises.
We manage our businesses through four divisions which constitute our reportable segments:
| Pipeline Transportation: We transport crude oil and, to a lesser extent, natural gas and CO2 for others for a fee in the Gulf Coast region of the U.S. through approximately 500 miles of pipeline. We own and operate three crude oil common carrier pipelines, a small CO2 pipeline and several small natural gas pipelines. Our 235-mile Mississippi System provides shippers of crude oil in Mississippi indirect access to refineries, pipelines, storage, terminaling and other crude oil infrastructure located in the Midwest. Our 100-mile Jay System originates in southern Alabama and the panhandle of Florida and can deliver crude oil to a terminal near Mobile, Alabama. Our 90-mile Texas System transports crude oil from West Columbia to Webster, Webster to Texas City and Webster to Houston. Our crude oil pipeline systems include a total of approximately 0.7 million barrels of leased and owned tankage. |
| Refinery Services: We provide services to eight refining operations located predominantly in Texas, Louisiana and Arkansas. These refineries generally are owned and operated by large companies, including ConocoPhillips, CITGO and Ergon. Our refinery services primarily involve processing high sulfur (or sour) natural gas streams, which are separated from hydrocarbon streams, to remove the sulfur. Our refinery services contracts, which usually have an initial term of two to ten years, have an average remaining term of five years. |
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| Supply and Logistics: We provide terminaling, blending, storing, marketing, gathering and transporting (by trucks), and other supply and logistics services to third parties, as well as to support our other businesses. Our terminaling, blending, marketing and gathering activities are focused on crude oil and petroleum products, primarily fuel oil. We own or lease approximately 300 trucks, 600 trailers and almost 1.5 million barrels of liquid storage capacity at eleven different locations. We also conduct certain crude oil aggregating operations, including purchasing, gathering and transporting (by trucks and pipelines operated by us and trucks, pipelines and barges operated by others), and reselling that crude oil to help ensure (among other things) a base supply source for our crude oil pipeline systems. Usually, our supply and logistics segment experiences limited commodity price risk because it generally involves back-to-back purchases and sales, matching our sale and purchase volumes on a monthly basis. |
| Industrial Gases: |
| CO2: We supply CO2 to industrial customers under seven long-term contracts, with an average remaining contract life of 8 years. We acquired those contracts, as well as the CO2 necessary to satisfy substantially all of our expected obligations under those contracts, in three separate transactions with affiliates of our general partner. Our compensation for supplying CO2 to our industrial customers is the effective difference between the price at which we sell our CO2 under each contract and the price at which we acquired our CO2 pursuant to our volumetric production payments (also known as VPPs), minus transportation costs. |
| Syngas: Through our 50% interest in a joint venture, we receive a proportionate share of fees under a processing agreement covering a facility that manufactures syngas (a combination of carbon monoxide and hydrogen) and high-pressure steam. Under that processing agreement, Praxair provides the raw materials to be processed and receives the syngas and steam produced by the facility. Praxair has the exclusive right to use that facility through at least 2016, and Praxair has the option to extend that contract term for two additional five year periods. Praxair also is our partner in the joint venture and owns the remaining 50% interest. |
| Sandhill Group LLC: Through our 50% interest in a joint venture, we process raw CO2 for sale to other customers for uses ranging from completing oil and natural gas producing wells to food processing. The Sandhill facility acquires CO2 from us under one of the long-term supply contracts described above. |
General Partner Relationship
We conduct our operations through subsidiaries and joint ventures. As is common with publicly-traded partnerships, or MLPs, our general partner is responsible for operating our business, including providing all necessary personnel and other resources. Genesis Energy, Inc. serves as our sole general partner. Our general partner is an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of Denbury Resources Inc.
Acquisition of Refinery Services Division and Other Businesses
On July 25, 2007, we acquired five energy-related businesses, including the operations that comprise our refinery services division, from several entities owned and controlled by the Davison family of Ruston, Louisiana. The other acquired businesses, which transport, store, procure and market petroleum products and other bulk commodities, are included in our supply and logistics segment.
Our acquisition agreement with the Davisons provided that we would deliver to them $563 million of consideration, half in common units (13,459,209 common units at an agreed-to value of $20.8036 per unit) and half in cash, subject to specified purchase price adjustments. Our financial statements at December 31, 2007 reflect a total acquisition price of $631.5 million, which includes purchase price adjustments, our transaction
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costs of $8.9 million, working capital acquired, net of cash acquired, and a valuation of the units at $24.52 per unit, which was the average closing price of our units during the five trading day period ending two days after we signed the acquisition agreement.
The Davison family was our largest unitholder at December 31, 2007, with a 33.0% interest in us (represented by 12,619,069 of our common units). It has designated two of the members of the board of directors of our general partner, and as long as it maintains a specified minimum ownership percentage of our common units, it will have the continuing right to designate up to two directors. The Davison family has agreed to restrictions that limit its ability to sell specified percentages of its common units through July 26, 2010. Prior to July 25, 2008, the Davison family may not sell more than 20% of its common units. On that date, an additional 20% of its units will be released. An additional 20%, 30% and 10% of its issued units will be released 18, 24 and 36 months after closing, at which point the Davisons will be free to sell or otherwise dispose of all of their units. Pursuant to a registration right agreement between us and the Davison unitholders, the Davison unitholders have registration rights with respect to their common units. These rights include the right to require us to file a Form S-3 shelf registration statement, if we are eligible, on or before April 15, 2008, and we must use our best efforts to cause this registration statement to be declared effective prior to June 16, 2008.
Additionally, under the registration rights agreement, we have agreed to indemnify the selling unitholders against liabilities arising out of any untrue or alleged untrue statement of material fact contained in any registration statement (or an amendment thereto), prospectus or preliminary prospectus (or an amendment or supplement thereto), or issuer free writing prospectus (or amendment or supplement thereto) or any omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein (in case of a prospectus or preliminary prospectus, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, except insofar as the same are caused by or contained in any information with respect to such selling unitholder furnished in writing to us by such selling unitholder expressly for use therein.
The selling unitholders have agreed to indemnify us and our general partner against liabilities arising out of any untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or any omission or alleged omission of a material fact required to be stated in registration statement (or an amendment thereto), prospectus or preliminary prospectus (or an amendment or supplement thereto), or issuer free writing prospectus (or amendment or supplement thereto) or any amendment thereof or supplement thereto or necessary to make the statements therein (in the case of a prospectus or preliminary prospectus, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made) not misleading, to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or omission is contained in any information with respect to such selling unitholder so furnished in writing by such selling unitholder expressly for use therein. The indemnification obligation is capped at the amount of the net proceeds received by such selling unitholder upon the sale of the common units pursuant to the registration statement giving rise to such claim.
Offices
Our executive offices are located at 500 Dallas, Suite 2500, Houston, Texas 77002, and our telephone number is (713) 860-2500.
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An investment in our common units involves risks. You should consider carefully the following risk factors, together with all of the other information included in, or incorporated by reference into, this prospectus and any applicable prospectus supplement in evaluating an investment in our common units. This prospectus also contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Please read Forward-Looking Statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including the risks described below and elsewhere in this prospectus. If any of these risks occur, our business, financial condition or results of operation could be adversely affected.
We may not be able to fully execute our growth strategy if we are unable to raise debt and equity capital at an affordable price.
Our strategy contemplates substantial growth through the development and acquisition of a wide range of midstream and other energy infrastructure assets while maintaining a strong balance sheet. This strategy includes constructing and acquiring additional assets and businesses to enhance our ability to compete effectively, diversify our asset portfolio and, thereby, provide more stable cash flow. We regularly consider and enter into discussions regarding, and are currently contemplating, additional potential joint ventures, stand-alone projects and other transactions that we believe will present opportunities to realize synergies, expand our role in the energy infrastructure business, and increase our market position and, ultimately, increase distributions to unitholders.
We will need new capital to finance the future development and acquisition of assets and businesses. The downturn in the economy today makes it more difficult to raise capital in equity offerings and to obtain funds through public debt offerings and commercial banking arrangements. Limitations on our access to capital will impair our ability to execute this strategy. Expensive capital will limit our ability to develop or acquire accretive assets. Although we intend to continue to expand our business, this strategy may require substantial capital, and we may not be able to raise the necessary funds on satisfactory terms, if at all.
In addition, we are experiencing increased competition for the assets we purchase or contemplate purchasing. Increased competition for a limited pool of assets could result in our not being the successful bidder more often or our acquiring assets at a higher relative price than that which we have paid historically. Either occurrence would limit our ability to fully execute our growth strategy. Our ability to execute our growth strategy may impact the market price of our securities.
We may not have sufficient cash from operations to pay the current level or to raise the level of quarterly distribution following the establishment of cash reserves and payment of fees and expenses, including payments to our general partner.
The amount of cash we distribute on our units principally depends upon margins we generate from our refinery services, pipeline transportation, logistics and supply and industrial gases businesses which will fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on, among other things:
| the volumes and prices at which we purchase and sell crude oil, refined products, and caustic soda; |
| the volumes of sodium hydrosulfide, or NaHS, that we receive for our refinery services and the prices at which we sell NaHS; |
| the demand for our trucking and pipeline transportation services; |
| the volumes of CO2 we sell and the prices at which we sell it; |
| the demand for our terminal storage services; |
| the level of our operating costs; |
| the level of our general and administrative costs; and |
| prevailing economic conditions. |
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In addition, the actual amount of cash we will have available for distribution will depend on other factors that include:
| the level of capital expenditures we make, including the cost of capital, which impacts the cost of acquisitions (if any); |
| our debt service requirements; |
| fluctuations in our working capital; |
| restrictions on distributions contained in our debt instruments; |
| our ability to borrow under our working capital facility to pay distributions; and |
| the amount of cash reserves established by our general partner in its sole discretion in the conduct of our business. |
Our ability to pay distributions each quarter depends primarily on our cash flow, including cash flow from financial reserves and working capital borrowings, and is not solely a function of profitability, which will be affected by non-cash items. As a result, we may make cash distributions during periods when we record losses and we may not make distributions during periods when we record net income.
Our indebtedness could adversely restrict our ability to operate, affect our financial condition, and prevent us from complying with our requirements under our debt instruments and could prevent us from paying cash distributions to our unitholders.
We have outstanding debt and the ability to incur more debt. As of December 31, 2007, we had approximately $80 million outstanding of senior secured indebtedness.
We must comply with various affirmative and negative covenants contained in our credit facilities. Among other things, these covenants limit our ability to:
| incur additional indebtedness or liens; |
| make payments in respect of or redeem or acquire any debt or equity issued by us; |
| sell assets; |
| make loans or investments; |
| make guarantees; |
| enter into any hedging agreement for speculative purposes; |
| acquire or be acquired by other companies; and |
| amend some of our contracts. |
The restrictions under our indebtedness may prevent us from engaging in certain transactions which might otherwise be considered beneficial to us and could have other important consequences to unitholders. For example, they could:
| increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; |
| limit our ability to make distributions; to fund future working capital, capital expenditures and other general partnership requirements; to engage in future acquisitions, construction or development activities; or to otherwise fully realize the value of our assets and opportunities because of the need to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our indebtedness or to comply with any restrictive terms of our indebtedness; |
| limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our businesses and the industries in which we operate; and |
| place us at a competitive disadvantage as compared to our competitors that have less debt. |
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We may incur additional indebtedness (public or private) in the future, under our existing credit facilities, by issuing debt instruments, under new credit agreements, under joint venture credit agreements, under capital leases or synthetic leases, on a project-finance or other basis, or a combination of any of these. If we incur additional indebtedness in the future, it likely would be under our existing credit facility or under arrangements which may have terms and conditions at least as restrictive as those contained in our existing credit facilities. Failure to comply with the terms and conditions of any existing or future indebtedness would constitute an event of default. If an event of default occurs, the lenders will have the right to accelerate the maturity of such indebtedness and foreclose upon the collateral, if any, securing that indebtedness. If an event of default occurs under our joint ventures credit facilities, we may be required to repay amounts previously distributed to us and our subsidiaries. In addition, if there is a change of control as described in our credit facility, that would be an event of default, unless our creditors agreed otherwise, under our credit facility, any such event could limit our ability to fulfill our obligations under our debt instruments and to make cash distributions to unitholders which could adversely affect the market price of our securities.
Our profitability and cash flow are dependent on our ability to increase or, at a minimum, maintain our current commodityoil, refined products, NaHS, natural gas and CO2volumes, which often depends on actions and commitments by parties beyond our control.
Our profitability and cash flow are dependent on our ability to increase or, at a minimum, maintain our current commodityoil, refined products, NaHS, natural gas and CO2volumes. We access commodity volumes through two sources, producers and service providers (including gatherers, shippers, marketers and other aggregators). Depending on the needs of each customer and the market in which it operates, we can either provide a service for a fee (as in the case of our pipeline transportation operations) or we can purchase the commodity from our customer and resell it to another party (as in the case of oil marketing and CO2 operations).
Our source of volumes depends on successful exploration and development of additional oil and natural gas reserves by others and other matters beyond our control.
The oil, natural gas and other products available to us are derived from reserves produced from existing wells, and these reserves naturally decline over time. In order to offset this natural decline, our energy infrastructure assets must access additional reserves. Additionally, some of the projects we have planned or recently completed are dependent on reserves that we expect to be produced from newly discovered properties that producers are currently developing.
Finding and developing new reserves is very expensive, requiring large capital expenditures by producers for exploration and development drilling, installing production facilities and constructing pipeline extensions to reach new wells. Many economic and business factors out of our control can adversely affect the decision by any producer to explore for and develop new reserves. These factors include the prevailing market price of the commodity, the capital budgets of producers, the depletion rate of existing reservoirs, the success of new wells drilled, environmental concerns, regulatory initiatives, cost and availability of equipment, capital budget limitations or the lack of available capital, and other matters beyond our control. Additional reserves, if discovered, may not be developed in the near future or at all. We cannot assure unitholders that production will rise to sufficient levels to allow us to maintain or increase the commodity volumes we are experiencing.
We face intense competition to obtain commodity volumes.
Our competitorsgatherers, transporters, marketers, brokers and other aggregatorsinclude independents and major integrated energy companies, as well as their marketing affiliates, who vary widely in size, financial resources and experience. Some of these competitors have capital resources many times greater than ours and control substantially greater supplies of crude oil.
Even if reserves exist, or refined products are produced, in the areas accessed by our facilities, we may not be chosen by the producers or refiners to gather, refine, market, transport, store or otherwise handle any of these
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reserves, NaHS or refined products produced. We compete with others for any such volumes on the basis of many factors, including:
| geographic proximity to the production; |
| costs of connection; |
| available capacity; |
| rates; |
| logistical efficiency in all of our operations; |
| operational efficiency in our refinery services business; |
| customer relationships; and |
| access to markets. |
Additionally, third-party shippers do not have long-term contractual commitments to ship crude oil on our pipelines. A decision by a shipper to substantially reduce or cease to ship volumes of crude oil on our pipelines could cause a significant decline in our revenues. In Mississippi, we are dependent on interconnections with other pipelines to provide shippers with a market for their crude oil, and in Texas, we are dependent on interconnections with other pipelines to provide shippers with transportation to our pipeline. Any reduction of throughput available to our shippers on these interconnecting pipelines as a result of testing, pipeline repair, reduced operating pressures or other causes could result in reduced throughput on our pipelines that would adversely affect our cash flows and results of operations.
Fluctuations in demand for crude oil or availability of refined products or NaHS, such as those caused by refinery downtime or shutdowns, can negatively affect our operating results. Reduced demand in areas we service with our pipelines and trucks can result in less demand for our transportation services. In addition, certain of our field and pipeline operating costs and expenses are fixed and do not vary with the volumes we gather and transport. These costs and expenses may not decrease ratably or at all should we experience a reduction in our volumes transported by truck or transmitted by our pipelines. As a result, we may experience declines in our margin and profitability if our volumes decrease.
Fluctuations in commodity prices could adversely affect our business.
Oil, natural gas, other petroleum products, and CO2 prices are volatile and could have an adverse effect on our profits and cash flow. Our operations are affected by price reductions in those commodities. Price reductions in those commodities can cause material long and short term reductions in the level of throughput, volumes and margins in our logistic and supply businesses. Price changes for NaHS and caustic soda affect the margins we achieve in our refinery services business acquired from the Davison family.
Prices for commodities can fluctuate in response to changes in supply, market uncertainty and a variety of additional factors that are beyond our control.
Our pipeline transportation operations are dependent upon demand for crude oil by refiners in the Midwest and on the Gulf Coast.
Any decrease in this demand for crude oil by those refineries or connecting carriers to which we deliver could adversely affect our pipeline transportation business. Those refineries need for crude oil also is dependent on the competition from other refineries, the impact of future economic conditions, fuel conservation measures, alternative fuel requirements, government regulation or technological advances in fuel economy and energy generation devices, all of which could reduce demand for our services.
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We are exposed to the credit risk of our customers in the ordinary course of our crude oil gathering and marketing activities.
When we market any of our products or services, we must determine the amount, if any, of the line of credit we will extend to any given customer. Since typical sales transactions can involve very large volumes, the risk of nonpayment and nonperformance by customers is an important consideration in our business. In those cases where we provide division order services for crude oil purchased at the wellhead, we may be responsible for distribution of proceeds to all parties. In other cases, we pay all of or a portion of the production proceeds to an operator who distributes these proceeds to the various interest owners. These arrangements expose us to operator credit risk. As a result, we must determine that operators have sufficient financial resources to make such payments and distributions and to indemnify and defend us in case of a protest, action or complaint. Even if our credit review and analysis mechanisms work properly, we could still experience losses in dealings with other parties.
Our operations are subject to federal and state environmental protection and safety laws and regulations
Our operations are subject to the risk of incurring substantial environmental and safety related costs and liabilities. In particular, our operations are subject to environmental protection and safety laws and regulations that restrict our operations, impose relatively harsh consequences for noncompliance, and require us to expend resources in an effort to maintain compliance. Moreover, our operations, including the transportation and storage of crude oil and other commodities involves a risk that crude oil and related hydrocarbons or other substances may be released into the environment, which may result in substantial expenditures for a response action, significant government penalties, liability to government agencies for natural resources damages, liability to private parties for personal injury or property damages, and significant business interruption. These costs and liabilities could rise under increasingly strict environmental and safety laws, including regulations and enforcement policies, or claims for damages to property or persons resulting from our operations. If we are unable to recover such resulting costs through increased rates or insurance reimbursements, our cash flows and distributions to our unitholders could be materially affected.
FERC Regulation and a changing regulatory environment could affect our cash flow.
The FERC extensively regulates certain of our energy infrastructure assets engaged in interstate operations. Our intrastate pipeline operations are regulated by state agencies. This regulation extends to such matters as:
| rate structures; |
| rates of return on equity; |
| recovery of costs; |
| the services that our regulated assets are permitted to perform; |
| the acquisition, construction and disposition of assets; and |
| to an extent, the level of competition in that regulated industry. |
Given the extent of this regulation, the extensive changes in FERC policy over the last several years, the evolving nature of federal and state regulation and the possibility for additional changes, the current regulatory regime may change and affect our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
A substantial portion of our CO2 operations involves us supplying CO2 to industrial customers using reserves attributable to our volumetric production payment interests, which are a finite resource and projected to terminate around 2016.
The cash flow from our CO2 operations involves us supplying CO2 to industrial customers using reserves attributable to our volumetric production payments, which are projected to terminate around 2016. Unless we are able to obtain a replacement supply of CO2 and enter into sales arrangements that generate substantially similar economics, our cash flow could decline significantly around 2016.
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Fluctuations in demand for CO2 by our industrial customers could have a material adverse impact on our profitability, results of operations and cash available for distribution.
Our customers are not obligated to purchase volumes in excess of specified minimum amounts in our contracts. As a result, fluctuations in our customers demand due to market forces or operational problems could result in a reduction in our revenues from our sales of CO2.
Our wholesale CO2 industrial operations are dependent on five customers and our syngas operations are dependent on one customer.
If one or more of those customers experience financial difficulties such that they fail to purchase their required minimum take-or-pay volumes, our cash flows could be adversely affected, and we cannot assure unitholders that an unanticipated deterioration in those customers ability to meet their obligations to us might not occur.
Our Syngas joint venture has dedicated 100% of its syngas processing capacity to one customer pursuant to a processing contract. The contract term expires in 2016, unless our customer elects to extend the contract for two additional five year terms. If our customer reduces or discontinues its business with us, or if we are not able to successfully negotiate a replacement contract with our sole customer after the expiration of such contract, or if the replacement contract is on less favorable terms, the effect on us will be adverse. In addition, if our sole customer for syngas processing were to experience financial difficulties such that it failed to provide volumes to process, our cash flow from the syngas joint venture could be adversely affected. We believe this customer is creditworthy, but we cannot assure unitholders that unanticipated deterioration of its ability to meet its obligations to the syngas joint venture might not occur.
Our CO2 operations are exposed to risks related to Denburys operation of its CO2 fields, equipment and pipeline as well as any of our facilities that Denbury operates.
Because Denbury produces our CO2 and transports it to our customers (including Denbury), any major failure of its operations could have an impact on our ability to meet our obligations to our CO2 customers (including Denbury). We have no other supply of CO2 or method to transport it to our customers. Sandhill relies on us for its supply of CO2; therefore our share of the earnings of Sandhill would also be impacted by any major failure of Denburys operations.
Our refinery services division is dependent on contracts with less than fifteen refineries and much of its revenue is attributable to a few refineries.
If one or more of our refinery customers that, individually or in the aggregate, generate a material portion of our refinery services revenue experience financial difficulties or changes in their strategy for sulfur removal such that they do not need our services, our cash flows could be adversely affected. For example, in the last five months of 2007, approximately 65% of our refinery services division NaHS by-product was attributable to Conocos refinery located in Westlake, Louisiana. That contract requires Conoco to make available minimum volumes of acid gas to us (except during periods of force majeure). Although the primary term of that contract extends until 2018, if Conoco is excused from performing, or refuses or is unable to perform, its obligations under that contract for an extended period of time, such non-performance could have a material adverse effect on our profitability and cash flow.
Our growth strategy may adversely affect our results of operations if we do not successfully integrate the businesses that we acquire or if we substantially increase our indebtedness and contingent liabilities to make acquisitions.
We may be unable to integrate successfully businesses we acquire. We may incur substantial expenses, delays or other problems in connection with our growth strategy that could negatively impact our results of operations. Moreover, acquisitions and business expansions involve numerous risks, including:
| difficulties in the assimilation of the operations, technologies, services and products of the acquired companies or business segments; |
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| inefficiencies and complexities that can arise because of unfamiliarity with new assets and the businesses associated with them, including unfamiliarity with their markets; and |
| diversion of the attention of management and other personnel from day-to-day business to the development or acquisition of new businesses and other business opportunities. |
If consummated, any acquisition or investment also likely would result in the incurrence of indebtedness and contingent liabilities and an increase in interest expense and depreciation, depletion and amortization expenses. A substantial increase in our indebtedness and contingent liabilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, as discussed above.
Our actual construction, development and acquisition costs could exceed our forecast, and our cash flow from construction and development projects may not be immediate.
Our forecast contemplates significant expenditures for the development, construction or other acquisition of energy infrastructure assets, including some construction and development projects with technological challenges. We may not be able to complete our projects at the costs currently estimated. If we experience material cost overruns, we will have to finance these overruns using one or more of the following methods:
| using cash from operations; |
| delaying other planned projects; |
| incurring additional indebtedness; or |
| issuing additional debt or equity. |
Any or all of these methods may not be available when needed or may adversely affect our future results of operations.
Fluctuations in interest rates could adversely affect our business.
In addition to our exposure to commodity prices, we also have exposure to movements in interest rates. The interest rates on our credit facility are variable. Our results of operations and our cash flow, as well as our access to future capital and our ability to fund our growth strategy, could be adversely affected by significant increases or decreases in interest rates.
Our use of derivative financial instruments could result in financial losses.
We use financial derivative instruments and other hedging mechanisms from time to time to limit a portion of the adverse effects resulting from changes in commodity prices, although there are times when we do not have any hedging mechanisms in place. To the extent we hedge our commodity price exposure, we forego the benefits we would otherwise experience if commodity prices were to increase. In addition, we could experience losses resulting from our hedging and other derivative positions. Such losses could occur under various circumstances, including if our counterparty does not perform its obligations under the hedge arrangement, our hedge is imperfect, or our hedging policies and procedures are not followed.
A natural disaster, accident, terrorist attack or other interruption event involving us could result in severe personal injury, property damage and/or environmental damage, which could curtail our operations and otherwise adversely affect our assets and cash flow.
Some of our operations involve significant risks of severe personal injury, property damage and environmental damage, any of which could curtail our operations and otherwise expose us to liability and adversely affect our cash flow. Virtually all of our operations are exposed to the elements, including hurricanes, tornadoes, storms, floods and earthquakes.
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If one or more facilities that are owned by us or that connect to us is damaged or otherwise affected by severe weather or any other disaster, accident, catastrophe or event, our operations could be significantly interrupted. Similar interruptions could result from damage to production or other facilities that supply our facilities or other stoppages arising from factors beyond our control. These interruptions might involve significant damage to people, property or the environment, and repairs might take from a week or less for a minor incident to six months or more for a major interruption. Any event that interrupts the fees generated by our energy infrastructure assets, or which causes us to make significant expenditures not covered by insurance, could reduce our cash available for paying our interest obligations as well as unitholder distributions and, accordingly, adversely impact the market price of our securities. Additionally, the proceeds of any property insurance maintained by us may not be paid in a timely manner or be in an amount sufficient to meet our needs if such an event were to occur, and we may not be able to renew it or obtain other desirable insurance on commercially reasonable terms, if at all.
On September 11, 2001, the United States was the target of terrorist attacks of unprecedented scale. Since the September 11 attacks, the U.S. government has issued warnings that energy assets, specifically the nations pipeline infrastructure, may be the future targets of terrorist organizations. These developments have subjected our operations to increased risks. Any future terrorist attack at our facilities, those of our customers and, in some cases, those of other pipelines, could have a material adverse effect on our business.
We cannot cause our joint ventures to take or not to take certain actions unless some or all of the joint venture participants agree.
Due to the nature of joint ventures, each participant (including us) in our joint ventures has made substantial investments (including contributions and other commitments) in that joint venture and, accordingly, has required that the relevant charter documents contain certain features designed to provide each participant with the opportunity to participate in the management of the joint venture and to protect its investment in that joint venture, as well as any other assets which may be substantially dependent on or otherwise affected by the activities of that joint venture.
These participation and protective features include a corporate governance structure that consists of a management committee composed of four members, only two of which are appointed by us. In addition, the other 50% owner in each of our joint ventures operates the joint venture facilities. Thus, without the concurrence of the other joint venture participant, we cannot cause our joint ventures to take or not to take certain actions, even though those actions may be in the best interest of the joint ventures or us.
Our refinery services operations are dependent upon the supply of caustic soda and the demand for NaHS, as well as the operations of the refiners for whom we process sour gas.
Caustic soda is a major component used in the provision of sour gas treatment services provided by us to refineries. NaHS, the resulting product from the refinery services we provide, is a vital ingredient in a number of industrial and consumer products and processes. Any decrease in the supply of caustic soda could affect our ability to provide sour gas treatment services to refiners and any decrease in the demand for NaHS by the parties to whom we sell the NaHS could adversely affect our business. The refineries need for our sour gas services is also dependent on the competition from other refineries, the impact of future economic conditions, fuel conservation measures, alternative fuel requirements, government regulation or technological advances in fuel economy and energy generation devices, all of which could reduce demand for our services.
Our operating results from our trucking operations may fluctuate and may be materially adversely affected by economic conditions and business factors unique to the trucking industry.
Our trucking business is dependent upon factors, many of which are beyond our control. Those factors include excess capacity in the trucking industry, difficulty in attracting and retaining qualified drivers, significant increases or fluctuations in fuel prices, fuel taxes, license and registration fees and insurance and claims costs, to
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the extent not offset by increases in freight rates. Our results of operations from our trucking operations also are affected by recessionary economic cycles and downturns in customers business cycles. Economic and other conditions may adversely affect our trucking customers and their ability to pay for our services.
In the past, there have been shortages of drivers in the trucking industry and such shortages may occur in the future. Periodically, the trucking industry experiences substantial difficulty in attracting and retaining qualified drivers. If we are unable to continue to retain and attract drivers, we could be required to adjust our driver compensation package, let trucks sit idle or otherwise operate at a reduced level, which could adversely affect our operations and profitability.
Significant increases or rapid fluctuations in fuel prices are major issues for the transportation industry. Increases in fuel costs, to the extent not offset by rate per mile increases or fuel surcharges, have an adverse effect on our operations and profitability.
Denbury is the only shipper (other than us) on our Mississippi System.
Denbury is our only customer on the Mississippi System. This relationship may subject our operations to increased risks. Any adverse developments concerning Denbury could have a material adverse effect on our Mississippi System business. Neither our partnership agreement nor any other agreement requires Denbury to pursue a business strategy that favors us or utilizes our Mississippi System. Denbury may compete with us and may manage their assets in a manner that could adversely affect our Mississippi System business.
Risks Related to Our Partnership Structure
Denbury and its affiliates have conflicts of interest with us and limited fiduciary responsibilities, which may permit them to favor their own interests to unitholder detriment.
Denbury indirectly owns and controls our general partner. Conflicts of interest may arise between Denbury and its affiliates, including our general partner, on the one hand, and us and our unitholders, on the other hand. As a result of these conflicts, our general partner may favor its own interest and the interest of its affiliates or others over the interest of our unitholders. These conflicts include, among others, the following situations:
| neither our partnership agreement nor any other agreement requires Denbury to pursue a business strategy that favors us or utilizes our assets. Denburys directors and officers have a fiduciary duty to make these decisions in the best interest of the stockholders of Denbury; |
| Denbury may compete with us. Denbury owns the largest reserves of CO2 used for tertiary oil recovery east of the Mississippi River and may manage these reserves in a manner that could adversely affect our CO2 business; |
| our general partner is allowed to take into account the interest of parties other than us, such as Denbury, in resolving conflicts of interest; |
| our partnership agreement limits our general partners liability and reduces its fiduciary duties, while also restricting the remedies available to our unitholders for actions that, without the limitations, might constitute breaches of fiduciary duty; |
| our general partner determines the amount and timing of asset purchases and sales, capital expenditures, borrowings, including for incentive distributions, issuance of additional partnership securities, reimbursements and enforcement of obligations to the general partner and its affiliates, retention of counsel, accountants and service providers, and cash reserves, each of which can also affect the amount of cash that is distributed to our unitholders; |
| our general partner determines which costs incurred by it and its affiliates are reimbursable by us and the reimbursement of these costs and of any services provided by our general partner could adversely affect our ability to pay cash distributions to our unitholders; |
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| our general partner controls the enforcement of obligations owed to us by our general partner and its affiliates; |
| our general partner decides whether to retain separate counsel, accountants or others to perform services for us; and |
| in some instances, our general partner may cause us to borrow funds in order to permit the payment of distributions even if the purpose or effect of the borrowing is to make incentive distributions. |
Denbury is not obligated to enter into any transactions with (or to offer any opportunities to) us, although we expect to continue to enter into substantial transactions and other activities with Denbury and its subsidiaries because of the businesses and areas in which we and Denbury currently operate, as well as those in which we plan to operate in the future.
Some more recent transactions in which we, on the one hand, and Denbury and its subsidiaries, on the other hand, had a conflict of interest include:
| transportation services |
| pipeline monitoring services; and |
| CO2 volumetric production payment. |
In addition, we have announced that Denbury and we are negotiating several significant transactions.
Further, Denburys indirect beneficial ownership interest in our outstanding partnership interests could have a substantial effect on the outcome of some actions requiring partner approval. Accordingly, subject to legal requirements, Denbury can make the final determination regarding how any particular conflict of interest is resolved.
Even if unitholders are dissatisfied, they cannot easily remove our general partner.
Unlike the holders of common stock in a corporation, unitholders have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our business and, therefore, limited ability to influence managements decisions regarding our business.
Unitholders did not elect our general partner or its board of directors and will have no right to elect our general partner or its board of directors on an annual or other continuing basis. The board of directors of our general partner is chosen by the stockholders of our general partner. In addition, if the unitholders are dissatisfied with the performance of our general partner, they will have little ability to remove our general partner. As a result of these limitations, the price at which the common units trade could be diminished because of the absence or reduction of a takeover premium in the trading price.
The vote of the holders of at least a majority of all outstanding units (excluding any units held by our general partner and its affiliates) is required to remove our general partner without cause. If our general partner is removed without cause, (i) Denbury will have the option to acquire a substantial portion of our Mississippi pipeline system at 110% of its then fair market value, and (ii) our general partner will have the option to convert its interest in us (other than its common units) into common units or to require our replacement general partner to purchase such interest for cash at its then fair market value. In addition, unitholders voting rights are further restricted by our partnership agreement provision providing that any units held by a person that owns 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, other than our general partner, its affiliates, their transferees, and persons who acquired such units with the prior approval of the board of directors of our general partner, cannot vote on matters relating to the succession, election, removal, withdrawal, replacement or substitution of our general partner. Our partnership agreement also contains provisions limiting the ability of unitholders to call meetings or to acquire information about our operations, as well as other provisions limiting the unitholders ability to influence the manner of direction of management.
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As a result of these provisions, the price at which our common units trade may be lower because of the absence or reduction of a takeover premium.
The control of our general partner may be transferred to a third party without unitholder consent, which could affect our strategic direction and liquidity.
Our general partner may transfer its general partner interest to a third party in a merger or in a sale of all or substantially all of its assets without the consent of the unitholders. Furthermore, there is no restriction in our partnership agreement on the ability of the owner of our general partner from transferring its ownership interest in our general partner to a third party. The new owner of our general partner would then be in a position to replace the board of directors and officers of our general partner with its own choices and to control the decisions made by the board of directors and officers.
In addition, unless our creditors agreed otherwise, we would be required to repay the amounts outstanding under our credit facilities upon the occurrence of any change of control described therein. We may not have sufficient funds available or be permitted by our other debt instruments to fulfill these obligations upon such occurrence. A change of control could have other consequences to us depending on the agreements and other arrangements we have in place from time to time, including employment compensation arrangements.
Our general partner and its affiliates may sell units or other limited partner interests in the trading market, which could reduce the market price of common units.
As of December 31, 2007 our general partner and its affiliates own 2,829,055 (approximately 7.4%) of our common units. In the future, they may acquire additional interest or dispose of some or all of their interest. If they dispose of a substantial portion of their interest in the trading markets, the sale could reduce the market price of common units. Our partnership agreement, and other agreements to which we are party, allow our general partner and certain of its subsidiaries to cause us to register for sale the partnership interests held by such persons, including common units. These registration rights allow our general partner and its subsidiaries to request registration of those partnership interests and to include any of those securities in a registration of other capital securities by us.
Our general partner has anti-dilution rights.
Whenever we issue equity securities to any person other than our general partner and its affiliates, our general partner and its affiliates have the right to purchase an additional amount of those equity securities on the same terms as they are issued to the other purchasers. This allows our general partner and its affiliates to maintain their percentage partnership interest in us. No other unitholder has a similar right. Therefore, only our general partner may protect itself against dilution caused by the issuance of additional equity securities.
Due to our significant relationships with Denbury, adverse developments concerning Denbury could adversely affect us, even if we have not suffered any similar developments.
Our general partner, an indirect, wholly owned subsidiary of Denbury, is a significant stakeholder in our limited partner interests and employs the personnel who operate our businesses. In addition, we are parties to numerous agreements with Denbury, and we plan to enter into additional agreements. For example, Denbury is a significant customer of our Mississippi System. We could be adversely affected if Denbury experiences any adverse developments that relate to their agreements with us or if Denbury fails to pay us timely.
We may issue additional common units without unitholders approval, which would dilute their ownership interests.
We may issue an unlimited number of limited partner interests of any type without the approval of our unitholders.
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The issuance of additional common units or other equity securities of equal or senior rank will have the following effects:
| our unitholders proportionate ownership interest in us will decrease; |
| the amount of cash available for distribution on each unit may decrease; |
| the relative voting strength of each previously outstanding unit may be diminished; and |
| the market price of our common units may decline. |
Our general partner has a limited call right that may require unitholders to sell their common units at an undesirable time or price.
If at any time our general partner and its affiliates own more than 80% of the common units, our general partner will have the right, but not the obligation, which it may assign to any of its affiliates or to us, to acquire all, but not less than all, of the common units held by unaffiliated persons at a price not less than their then-current market price. As a result, unitholders may be required to sell their common units at an undesirable time or price and may not receive any return on their investment. Unitholders may also incur a tax liability upon a sale of their units.
The interruption of distributions to us from our subsidiaries and joint ventures may affect our ability to make payments on indebtedness or cash distributions to our unitholders.
We are a holding company. As such, our primary assets are the equity interests in our subsidiaries and joint ventures. Consequently, our ability to fund our commitments (including payments on our indebtedness) and to make cash distributions depends upon the earnings and cash flow of our subsidiaries and joint ventures and the distribution of that cash to us. Distributions from our joint ventures are subject to the discretion of their respective management committees. Further, each joint ventures charter documents typically vest in its management committee sole discretion regarding distributions. Accordingly, our joint ventures may not continue to make distributions to us at current levels or at all.
We do not have the same flexibility as other types of organizations to accumulate cash and equity to protect against illiquidity in the future.
Unlike a corporation, our partnership agreement requires us to make quarterly distributions to our unitholders of all available cash reduced by any amounts reserved for commitments and contingencies, including capital and operating costs and debt service requirements. The value of our units and other limited partner interests will decrease in direct correlation with decreases in the amount we distribute per unit. Accordingly, if we experience a liquidity problem in the future, we may not be able to issue more equity to recapitalize.
An impairment of goodwill and intangible assets could adversely affect some of our accounting and financial metrics and, possibly, result in an event of default under our revolving credit facility.
At December 31, 2007, our balance sheet reflected $320.7 million of goodwill and $211.1 million of intangible assets. Goodwill is recorded when the purchase price of a business exceeds the fair market value of the tangible and separately measurable intangible net assets. Generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (GAAP) require us to test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis or when events or circumstances occur indicating that goodwill might be impaired. Long-lived assets such as intangible assets with finite useful lives are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If we determine that any of our goodwill or intangible assets were impaired, we would be required to record the impairment. Our assets, equity and earnings as recorded in our financial statements would be reduced, and it could adversely affect certain of our borrowing metrics. While such a write-off would not reduce our primary borrowing base metric of EBITDA, it would reduce our consolidated capitalization ratio, which, if significant enough, could result in an event of default under our credit agreement.
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Tax Risks to Common Unitholders
Our tax treatment depends on our status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, as well as our not being subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation by individual states. A publicly-traded partnership can lose its status as a partnership for a number of reasons, including not having enough qualifying income. If the IRS were to treat us as a corporation or if we were to become subject to a material amount of entity-level taxation for state tax purposes, then our cash available for distribution to unitholders would be substantially reduced.
The anticipated after-tax economic benefit of an investment in us depends largely on our being treated as a partnership for federal income tax purposes. Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code provides that publicly traded partnerships will, as a general rule, be taxed as corporations. However, an exception, referred to in this discussion as the Qualifying Income Exception, exists with respect to publicly traded partnerships 90% or more of the gross income of which for every taxable year consists of qualifying income. If less than 90% of our gross income for any taxable year is qualifying income from transportation or processing of natural resources including crude oil, natural gas or products thereof, interest, dividends or similar sources, we will be taxable as a corporation under Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code for federal income tax purposes for that taxable year and all subsequent years.
In addition, current law may change so as to cause us to be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes or otherwise subject us to entity-level taxation. For example, in response to certain recent developments, members of Congress are considering substantive changes to the definition of qualifying income under Internal Revenue Code section 7704(d). It is possible that these efforts could result in changes to the existing U.S. tax laws that affect publicly-traded partnerships, including us. We are unable to predict whether any of these changes or other proposals will ultimately be enacted. Any such changes could negatively impact the value of an investment in our common units. In addition, because of widespread state budget deficits and other reasons, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity-level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise and other forms of taxation. Imposition of any such taxes may substantially reduce the cash available for distribution to our unitholders.
A successful IRS contest of the federal income tax positions we take may adversely affect the market for our common units, and the cost of any IRS contest will reduce our cash available for distribution to our unitholders and our general partner.
We have not requested a ruling from the IRS with respect to our treatment as a partnership for federal income tax purposes or any other matter affecting us. The IRS may adopt positions that differ from the conclusions of our counsel expressed in this prospectus or from the positions we take. It may be necessary to resort to administrative or court proceedings to sustain some or all of our counsels conclusions or the positions we take. A court may not agree with some or all of our counsels conclusions or positions we take. Any contest with the IRS may materially and adversely impact the market for our common units and the price at which they trade. In addition, our costs of any contest with the IRS will be borne indirectly by our unitholders and our general partner, and these costs will reduce our cash available for distribution.
Unitholders will be required to pay taxes on income from us even if they do not receive any cash distributions from us.
Unitholders will be required to pay any federal income taxes and, in some cases, state and local income taxes on their share of our taxable income even if unitholders receive no cash distributions from us. Unitholders may not receive cash distributions from us equal to their share of our taxable income or even the tax liability that results from that income.
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Tax gain or loss on disposition of common units could be different than expected.
If unitholders sell their common units, they will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and their tax basis in those common units. Prior distributions to unitholders in excess of the total net taxable income unitholders were allocated for a common unit, which decreased their tax basis in that common unit, will, in effect, become taxable income to unitholders if the common unit is sold at a price greater than their tax basis in that common unit, even if the price is less than their original cost. A substantial portion of the amount realized, whether or not representing gain, may be ordinary income. In addition, if unitholders sell their units, they may incur a tax liability in excess of the amount of cash they receive from the sale.
Tax-exempt entities and foreign persons face unique tax issues from owning common units that may result in adverse tax consequences to them.
Investment in common units by tax-exempt entities, such as individual retirement accounts (known as IRAs), and non-U.S. persons raises issues unique to them. For example, a significant amount of our income allocated to organizations exempt from federal income tax, including individual retirement accounts and other retirement plans, may be unrelated business taxable income and will be taxable to such a unitholder. Distributions to non-U.S. persons will be reduced by withholding tax at the highest effective tax rate applicable to individuals, and non-U.S. persons will be required to file federal income tax returns and pay tax on their share of our taxable income.
We will treat each purchaser of common units as having the same tax benefits without regard to the actual common units purchased. The IRS may challenge this treatment, which could adversely affect the value of our common units.
Because we cannot match transferors and transferees of common units, we adopt depreciation and amortization positions that may not conform with all aspects of applicable Treasury regulations. A successful IRS challenge to those positions could adversely affect the amount of tax benefits available to a common unitholder. It also could affect the timing of these tax benefits or the amount of gain from a sale of common units and could have a negative impact on the value of the common units or result in audit adjustments to the common unitholders tax returns.
Unitholders will likely be subject to state and local taxes in states where they do not live as a result of an investment in the common units.
In addition to federal income taxes, unitholders will likely be subject to other taxes, including foreign, state and local taxes, unincorporated business taxes and estate inheritance or intangible taxes that are imposed by the various jurisdictions in which we do business or own property, even if unitholders do not live in any of those jurisdictions. Unitholders will likely be required to file foreign, state and local income tax returns and pay state and local income taxes in some or all of these jurisdictions. Further, unitholders may be subject to penalties for failure to comply with those requirements. We own assets and do business in more than 25 states including Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Arkansas and Oklahoma. Many of the states we currently do business in currently impose a personal income tax. It is unitholders responsibility to file all United States federal, foreign, state and local tax returns. Our counsel has not rendered an opinion on the state or local tax consequences of an investment in our common units.
We have subsidiaries that are treated as corporations for federal income tax purposes and subject to corporate-level income taxes.
We conduct a portion of our operations through subsidiaries that are, or are treated as, corporations for federal income tax purposes. We may elect to conduct additional operations in corporate form in the future. These corporate subsidiaries will be subject to corporate-level tax, which will reduce the cash available for
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distribution to us and, in turn, to our unitholders. If the IRS were to successfully assert that these corporate subsidiaries have more tax liability than we anticipate or legislation was enacted that increased the corporate tax rate, our cash available for distribution to our unitholders would be further reduced.
We prorate our items of income, gain, loss and deduction between transferors and transferees of our common units each month based upon the ownership of our common units on the first day of each month, instead of on the basis of the date a particular common unit is transferred.
We prorate our items of income, gain, loss and deduction between transferors and transferees of our common units each month based upon the ownership of our common units on the first day of each month, instead of on the basis of the date a particular unit is transferred. The use of this proration method may not be permitted under existing Treasury regulations. If the IRS were to successfully challenge this method or new Treasury regulations were issued, we may be required to change the allocation of items of income, gain, loss and deduction among our unitholders.
We have adopted certain valuation methodologies that may result in a shift of income, gain, loss and deduction between our general partner and our unitholders. The IRS may challenge this treatment, which could adversely affect the value of the common units.
When we issue additional common units or engage in certain other transactions, we determine the fair market value of our assets and allocate any unrealized gain or loss attributable to our assets to the capital accounts of our unitholders and our general partner. Our methodology may be viewed as understating the value of our assets. In that case, there may be a shift of income, gain, loss and deduction between certain unitholders and our general partner, which may be unfavorable to such unitholders. Moreover, subsequent purchasers of common units may have a greater portion of their Internal Revenue Code Section 743(b) adjustment allocated to our tangible assets and a lesser portion allocated to our intangible assets. The IRS may challenge our methods, or our allocation of the Section 743(b) adjustment attributable to our tangible and intangible assets, and allocations of income, gain, loss and deduction between our general partner and certain of our unitholders.
A successful IRS challenge to these methods or allocations could adversely affect the amount of taxable income or loss being allocated to our unitholders. It also could affect the amount of gain from a unitholders sale of common units and could have a negative impact on the value of the common units or result in audit adjustments to the unitholders tax returns.
The sale or exchange of 50% or more of our capital and profits interests during any twelve-month period will result in the termination of our partnership for federal income tax purposes.
We will be considered to have terminated for federal income tax purposes if there is a sale or exchange of 50% or more of the total interests in our capital and profits within a twelve-month period. Our termination would, among other things, result in the closing of our taxable year for all unitholders, which would result in us filing two tax returns (and unitholders receiving two Schedule K-1s) for one fiscal year. Our termination could also result in a deferral of depreciation deductions allowable in computing our taxable income. In the case of a common unitholder reporting on a taxable year other than a fiscal year ending December 31, the closing of our taxable year may result in more than twelve months of our taxable income or loss being includable in his taxable income for the year of termination. Our termination currently would not affect our classification as a partnership for federal income tax purposes, but instead, we would be treated as a new partnership for tax purposes. If treated as a new partnership, we must make new tax elections and could be subject to penalties if we are unable to determine that a termination occurred.
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The common units to be offered and sold using this prospectus will be offered and sold by the selling unitholders named in this prospectus or in any supplement to this prospectus. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of such common units.
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DETERMINATION OF OFFERING PRICE
Any offering and sale under this prospectus may be made on one or more national securities exchanges or in the over-the-counter market, or otherwise at prices and on terms then prevailing or at prices related to the then-current market price, or in negotiated transactions.
DESCRIPTION OF OUR COMMON UNITS
Our common units represent limited partner interests in Genesis Energy, L.P. that entitle the holders to participate in our cash distributions and to exercise the rights or privileges available to limited partners under our partnership agreement. For a description of the relative rights and preferences of holders of common units and our general partner in and to partnership distributions, see Cash Distribution Policy in this prospectus.
Our outstanding common units are listed on the American Stock Exchange under the symbol GEL.
The transfer agent and registrar for our common units is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
Status as Limited Partner or Assignee. Except as described under Limited Liability, the common units will be fully paid, and the unitholders will not be required to make additional capital contributions to us.
Transfer of Common Units. Each purchaser of common units offered by this prospectus must execute a transfer application. By executing and delivering a transfer application, the purchaser of common units:
| becomes the record holder of the common units and is an assignee until admitted into our partnership as a substituted limited partner; |
| automatically requests admission as a substituted limited partner in our partnership; |
| agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of, and executes, our partnership agreement; |
| represents that he has the capacity, power and authority to enter into the partnership agreement; |
| grants powers of attorney to officers of the general partner and any liquidator of our partnership as specified in the partnership agreement; and |
| makes the consents and waivers contained in the partnership agreement. |
An assignee will become a substituted limited partner of our partnership for the transferred common units upon the consent of our general partner and the recording of the name of the assignee on our books and records. The general partner may withhold its consent in its sole discretion.
Transfer applications may be completed, executed and delivered by a purchasers broker, agent or nominee. We are entitled to treat the nominee holder of a common unit as the absolute owner. In that case, the beneficial holders rights are limited solely to those that it has against the nominee holder as a result of any agreement between the beneficial owner and the nominee holder.
Common units are securities and are transferable according to the laws governing transfer of securities. In addition to other rights acquired, the purchaser has the right to request admission as a substituted limited partner in our partnership for the purchased common units. A purchaser of common units who does not execute and deliver a transfer application obtains only:
| the right to assign the common unit to a purchaser or transferee; and |
| the right to transfer the right to seek admission as a substituted limited partner in our partnership for the purchased common units. |
| Thus, a purchaser of common units who does not execute and deliver a transfer application: |
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| will not receive cash distributions or federal income tax allocations, unless the common units are held in a nominee or street name account and the nominee or broker has executed and delivered a transfer application; and |
| may not receive some federal income tax information or reports furnished to record holders of common units. |
Until a common unit has been transferred on our books, we and the transfer agent, notwithstanding any notice to the contrary, may treat the record holder of the unit as the absolute owner for all purposes, except as otherwise required by law or stock exchange regulations.
Limited Liability. Assuming that a limited partner does not participate in the control of our business within the meaning of the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act (the Delaware Act) and that he otherwise acts in conformity with the provisions of our partnership agreement, his liability under the Delaware Act will be limited, subject to possible exceptions, to the amount of capital he is obligated to contribute to us for his common units plus his share of any undistributed profits and assets. If it were determined, however, that the right or exercise of the right by the limited partners as a group:
| to remove or replace the general partner; |
| to approve some amendments to our partnership agreement; or |
| to take other action under our partnership agreement |
constituted participation in the control of our business for the purposes of the Delaware Act, then the limited partners could be held personally liable for our obligations under Delaware law, to the same extent as the general partner. This liability would extend to persons who transact business with us and who reasonably believe that the limited partner is a general partner. Neither our partnership agreement nor the Delaware Act specifically provides for legal recourse against our general partner if a limited partner were to lose limited liability through any fault of the general partner. While this does not mean that a limited partner could not seek legal recourse, we have found no precedent for this type of a claim in Delaware case law.
Under the Delaware Act, a limited partnership may not make a distribution to a partner if after the distribution all liabilities of the limited partnership, other than liabilities to partners on account of their partnership interests and liabilities for which the recourse of creditors is limited to specific property of our partnership, exceed the fair value of the assets of the limited partnership. For the purpose of determining the fair value of the assets of a limited partnership, the Delaware Act provides that the fair value of property subject to liability for which recourse of creditors is limited shall be included in the assets of the limited partnership only to the extent that the fair value of that property exceeds the nonrecourse liability. The Delaware Act provides that a limited partner who receives a distribution and knew at the time of the distribution that the distribution was in violation of the Delaware Act shall be liable to the limited partnership for the amount of the distribution for three years. Under the Delaware Act, an assignee who becomes a substituted limited partner of a limited partnership is liable for the obligations of his assignor to make contributions to our partnership, except the assignee is not obligated for liabilities unknown to him at the time he became a limited partner and which could not be ascertained from our partnership agreement.
Meetings; Voting. Except as described below regarding a person or group owning 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, unitholders or assignees who are record holders of units on the record date will be entitled to notice of, and to vote at, meetings of our limited partners and to act upon matters for which approvals may be solicited. Common units that are owned by an assignee who is a record holder, but who has not yet been admitted as a limited partner, will be voted by our general partner at the written direction of the record holder. Absent direction of this kind, the common units will not be voted, except that, in the case of common units held by our general partner on behalf of non-citizen assignees, our general partner will distribute the votes on those common units in the same ratios as the votes of limited partners on other units are cast.
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Our general partner does not anticipate that any meeting of unitholders will be called in the foreseeable future. Any action that is required or permitted to be taken by the unitholders may be taken either at a meeting of the unitholders or without a meeting if consents in writing describing the action so taken are signed by holders of the number of units as would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting. Meetings of the unitholders may be called by our general partner or by unitholders owning at least 20% of the outstanding units of the class for which a meeting is proposed. Unitholders may vote either in person or by proxy at meetings. The holders of a majority of the outstanding units of the class or classes for which a meeting has been called represented in person or by proxy shall constitute a quorum unless any action by the unitholders requires approval by holders of a greater percentage of the units, in which case the quorum shall be the greater percentage.
Each record holder of a unit has a vote according to his percentage interest in our partnership, although additional limited partner interests having special voting rights could be issued. However, if at any time any person or group, other than our general partner and its affiliates, or a direct or subsequently approved transferee of our general partner or its affiliates or a person or group who acquires the units with the prior approval of the board of directors, acquires, in the aggregate, beneficial ownership of 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, the person or group will lose voting rights on all of its units and the units may not be voted on any matter relating to the succession, election, removal, withdrawal, replacement or substitution of the general partner and will not be considered to be outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of unitholders, calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes if the matter to be voted on relates to the succession, election, removal, withdrawal, replacement or substitution of the general partner. Common units held in nominee or street name account will be voted by the broker or other nominee in accordance with the instruction of the beneficial owner unless the arrangement between the beneficial owner and his nominee provides otherwise.
Any notice, demand, request, report or proxy material required or permitted to be given or made to record holders of common units under our partnership agreement will be delivered to the record holder by us or by the transfer agent.
Books and Reports. Our general partner is required to keep appropriate books of our business at our principal office. The books will be maintained for both tax and financial reporting purposes on an accrual basis. For tax and fiscal reporting purposes, our fiscal year is the calendar year.
We will furnish or make available to record holders of common units, within 120 days after the close of each fiscal year, an annual report containing audited financial statements and a report on those financial statements by our independent public accountants. Except for our fourth quarter, we will also furnish or make available unaudited financial information within 90 days after the close of each quarter.
We will furnish each record holder of a unit with information reasonably required for tax reporting purposes within 90 days after the close of each calendar year. This information is expected to be furnished in summary form so that some complex calculations normally required of partners can be avoided. Our ability to furnish this summary information to unitholders will depend on the cooperation of unitholders in supplying us with specific information. Every unitholder will receive information to assist him in determining his federal and state tax liability and filing his federal and state income tax returns, regardless of whether he supplies us with information.
Our partnership agreement provides that a limited partner can, for a purpose reasonably related to his interest as a limited partner, upon reasonable demand and at his own expense, have furnished to him:
| a current list of the name and last known address of each partner; |
| a copy of our tax returns; |
| information as to the amount of cash, and a description and statement of the agreed value of any other property or services, contributed or to be contributed by each partner and the date on which each became a partner; |
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| copies of our partnership agreement, the certificate of limited partnership of the partnership, related amendments and powers of attorney under which they have been executed; |
| information regarding the status of our business and financial condition; and |
| any other information regarding our affairs as is just and reasonable. |
Our general partner may, and intends to, keep confidential from the limited partners trade secrets or other information the disclosure of which our general partner believes in good faith is not in our best interests or which we are required by law or by agreements with third parties to keep confidential.
Summary of Partnership Agreement. For a summary of the important provisions of our partnership agreement, many of which apply to holders of common units, see Description of Our Partnership Agreement in this prospectus.
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Distributions of Available Cash
General. Within approximately 45 days after the end of each quarter, Genesis Energy, L.P. will distribute all available cash to unitholders of record on the applicable record date. However, there is no guarantee that we will pay a distribution on the common units in any quarter, and we will be prohibited from making any distributions to unitholders if it would cause an event of default, or if an event of default then exists, under our credit facility.
Definition of Available Cash. Available cash generally means, for each fiscal quarter, all cash on hand at the end of the quarter:
| less the amount of cash reserves that the general partner determines in its reasonable discretion is necessary or appropriate to: |
| provide for the proper conduct of our business; |
| comply with applicable law, any of our debt instruments, or other agreements; or |
| provide funds for distributions to our unitholders and to our general partner for any one or more of the next four quarters; |
| plus all cash on hand on the date of determination of available cash for the quarter resulting from working capital borrowings. Working capital borrowings are generally borrowings that are made under our credit facility and in all cases are used solely for working capital purposes or to pay distributions to partners. |
Operating Surplus and Capital Surplus
General. All cash distributed to unitholders will be characterized either as operating surplus or capital surplus. We distribute available cash from operating surplus differently than available cash from capital surplus.
Maintenance capital expenditures are capital expenditures made to maintain, over the long term, the operating capacity of our assets as they existed at the time of the expenditure. Expansion capital expenditures are capital expenditures made to increase over the long term the operating capacity of our assets as they existed at the time of the expenditure. The general partner has the discretion to determine how to allocate a capital expenditure for the acquisition or expansion of our pipeline systems, storage facilities and related assets between maintenance capital expenditures and expansion capital expenditures, and its good faith allocation will be conclusive. Maintenance capital expenditures reduce operating surplus, from which we pay the minimum quarterly distribution, but expansion capital expenditures do not.
Definition of Operating Surplus. For any period, operating surplus generally means:
| our cash balance on the closing date of our initial public offering; plus |
| $20.0 million (as described below); plus |
| all of our cash receipts since the closing of our initial public offering, excluding cash from borrowings that are not working capital borrowings, sales of equity and debt securities and sales or other dispositions of assets outside the ordinary course of business; plus |
| working capital borrowings made after the end of a quarter but before the date of determination of operating surplus for that quarter; less |
| all of our operating expenses since the closing of our initial public offering, including the repayment of working capital borrowings and the payment of capital expenditures, other than: |
| repayments of indebtedness that are required in connection with the sale or other disposition of assets or that are made in connection with the refinancing or refunding of indebtedness with the proceeds from new indebtedness or from the sale of equity securities; |
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| expansion capital expenditures; |
| transaction expenses relating to borrowings or refinancings of indebtedness (other than for working capital purposes), sales of debt or equity securities or sales or other dispositions of assets other than in the ordinary course of business; less |
| the amount of cash reserves that the general partner deems necessary or advisable to provide funds for future operating expenditures. |
Definition of Capital Surplus. Capital surplus will generally be generated only by:
| borrowings other than working capital borrowings; |
| sales of debt and equity securities; or |
| sales or other disposition of assets for cash, other than inventory, accounts receivable and other current assets sold in the ordinary course of business or as part of normal retirements or replacements of assets. |
Characterization of Cash Distributions. We will treat all available cash distributed as coming from operating surplus until the sum of all available cash distributed since we began operations equals the operating surplus as of the most recent date of determination of available cash. We will treat any amount distributed in excess of operating surplus, regardless of its source, as capital surplus. We do not anticipate that we will make any distributions from capital surplus. As reflected above, operating surplus includes $20.0 million in addition to our cash balance on the closing date of our initial public offering, cash receipts from our operations and cash from working capital borrowings. This amount does not reflect actual cash on hand at closing that is available for distribution to our unitholders. Rather, it is a provision that will enable us, if we choose, to distribute as operating surplus up to $20 million of cash we receive in the future from non-operating sources, such as assets sales, issuances of securities and long-term borrowings, which would otherwise be considered distributions of capital surplus. Any distributions of capital surplus would trigger certain adjustment provisions in our partnership agreement as described below. See Distributions From Capital Surplus and Adjustment to the Minimum Quarterly Distribution and Target Distribution Levels.
Distributions of Available Cash From Operating Surplus
We will make distributions of available cash from operating surplus in the following manner:
| First, 98% to all unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner until we distribute for each outstanding unit an amount equal to the minimum quarterly distribution for that quarter; and |
| Thereafter, in the manner described under Incentive Distribution Rights below |
Incentive Distribution Rights
Incentive distribution rights represent the right to receive an increasing percentage of quarterly distributions of available cash from operating surplus after the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distribution levels have been achieved. Our general partner holds all of the incentive distribution rights. There are no restrictions on the ability of our general partner to transfer the incentive distribution rights.
If for any quarter we have distributed available cash from operating surplus to the common unitholders in an amount equal to the minimum quarterly distribution, then we will distribute any additional available cash from operating surplus for that quarter among the unitholders and the general partner in the following manner:
| First, 98% to all unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, until each unitholder receives a total of $0.25 per unit for that quarter (the first target distribution); |
| Second, 84.74% to all unitholders, pro rata, 13.26% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner, until each unitholder receives a total of $0.28 per unit for that quarter (the second target distribution); |
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| Third, 74.26% to all unitholders, pro rata, 23.47% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner, until each unitholder receives a total of $0.33 per unit for that quarter (the third target distribution); and |
| Thereafter, 49.02% to all unitholders, pro rata, 48.98% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner. |
Percentage allocations of available cash from operating surplus
The following table illustrates the percentage allocations of the additional available cash from operating surplus between the unitholders and our general partner up to the various target distribution levels. The amounts set forth under Marginal Percentage Interest in Distributions are the percentage interests of our general partner and the unitholders in any available cash from operating surplus we distribute up to and including the corresponding amount in the column Total Quarterly Distribution Target Amount, until available cash from operating surplus we distribute reaches the next target distribution level, if any. The percentage interests shown for the unitholders and the general partner for the minimum quarterly distribution are also applicable to quarterly distribution amounts that are less than the minimum quarterly distribution.
Marginal Percentage Interest in Distributions |
|||||||||||
Total Quarterly Distribution Target Amount |
Unitholders | General Partner |
Holder of Incentive Distribution Rights |
||||||||
Minimum Quarterly Distribution |
up to $0.20 | 98 | % | 2 | % | | |||||
First Target Distribution |
above $0.20 up to $0.25 | 98 | % | 2 | % | | |||||
Second Target Distribution |
above $0.25 up to $0.28 | 84.74 | % | 2 | % | 13.26 | % | ||||
Third Target Distribution |
above $0.28 up to $0.33 | 74.26 | % | 2 | % | 23.47 | % | ||||
Thereafter |
above $0.33 | 49.02 | % | 2 | % | 48.98 | % |
Distributions from Capital Surplus
We will make distributions of available cash from capital surplus, if any, in the following manner:
| First, 98% to all unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, until we distribute for each common unit that was issued in the initial public offering, an amount of available cash from capital surplus equal to the initial public offering price; and |
| Thereafter, we will make all distributions of available cash from capital surplus as if they were from operating surplus. |
Effect of a Distribution from Capital Surplus. The partnership agreement treats a distribution of capital surplus as the repayment of the initial unit price from the initial public offering, which is a return of capital. The initial public offering price less any distributions of capital surplus per unit is referred to as the unrecovered initial unit price. Each time a distribution of capital surplus is made, the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distribution levels will be reduced in the same proportion as the corresponding reduction in the unrecovered initial unit price. Because distributions of capital surplus will reduce the minimum quarterly distribution, after any of these distributions are made, it may be easier for the general partner to receive incentive distributions.
Once we distribute capital surplus on a unit in an amount equal to the initial unit price, we will reduce the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distribution levels to zero and we will make all future distributions from operating surplus, with 49.02% being paid to the unitholders and 50.98% to the general partner.
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Adjustment of Minimum Quarterly Distribution and Target Distribution Levels
In addition to adjusting the minimum quarterly distribution and target distribution levels to reflect a distribution of capital surplus, if we combine our units into fewer units or subdivide our units into a greater number of units, we will proportionately adjust:
| the minimum quarterly distribution; |
| the target distribution levels; and |
| the unrecovered initial unit price. |
For example, if a two-for-one split of the common units should occur, the minimum quarterly distribution, the target distribution levels and the unrecovered initial unit price would each be reduced to 50% of its initial level. We will not make any adjustment by reason of the issuance of additional units for cash or property.
In addition, if legislation is enacted or if existing law is modified or interpreted in a manner that causes us to become taxable as a corporation or otherwise subject to taxation as an entity for federal, state or local income tax purposes, we will reduce the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distribution levels by multiplying the same by one minus the sum of the highest marginal federal corporate income tax rate that could apply and the effective overall state and local income tax rates. For example, if we became subject to a maximum marginal federal, and effective state and local income tax rate of 38%, then the minimum quarterly distribution and the target distributions levels would each be reduced to 62% of their previous levels.
Distributions of Cash Upon Liquidation
If we dissolve in accordance with our partnership agreement, we will sell or otherwise dispose of our assets in a process called a liquidation. We will first apply the proceeds of liquidation to the payment of our creditors. We will distribute any remaining proceeds to the unitholders and the general partner, in accordance with their capital account balances, as adjusted to reflect any gain or loss upon the sale or other disposition of our assets in liquidation.
Manner of Adjustment for Gain. The manner of the adjustment is set forth in the partnership agreement. Upon liquidation, we will allocate any gain to the partners in the following manner:
| First, to our general partner and the holders of units who have negative balances in their capital accounts to the extent of and in proportion to those negative balances; |
| Second, 98% to the common unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, until the capital account for each common unit is equal to the sum of: |
(1) | the unrecovered initial unit price; plus |
(2) | the amount of the minimum quarterly distribution for the quarter during which our liquidation occurs; |
| Third, 98% to all unitholders, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, pro rata, until we allocate under this paragraph an amount per unit equal to: |
(1) | the sum of the excess of the first target distribution per unit over the minimum quarterly distribution per unit for each quarter of our existence; less |
(2) | the cumulative amount per unit of any distributions of available cash from operating surplus in excess of the minimum quarterly distribution per unit that was distributed 98% to the units, pro rata, and 2% to the general partner, pro rata, for each quarter of our existence; |
| Fourth, 84.74% to all unitholders, pro rata, 13.26% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner, until we allocate under this paragraph an amount per unit equal to: |
(1) | the sum of the excess of the second target distribution per unit over the first target distribution per unit for each quarter of our existence; less |
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(2) | the cumulative amount per unit of any distributions of available cash from operating surplus in excess of the first target distribution per unit that was distributed 84.74% to the unitholders, pro rata, 13.26% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner for each quarter of our existence; |
| Fifth, 74.26% to all unitholders, pro rata, 23.47% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner, until we allocate under this paragraph an amount per unit equal to: |
(1) | the sum of the excess of the third target distribution per unit over the second target distribution per unit for each quarter of our existence; less |
(2) | the cumulative amount per unit of any distributions of available cash from operating surplus in excess of the second target distribution per unit that was distributed 74.26% to the unitholders, pro rata, 23.47% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner for each quarter of our existence; |
| Thereafter, 49.02% to all unitholders, pro rata, 48.98% to the holder of the incentive distribution rights and 2% to the general partner. |
Manner of Adjustment for Losses. Upon our liquidation, we will generally allocate any loss to the general partner and the unitholders in the following manner:
| First, 98% to the holders of common units in proportion to the positive balances in their capital accounts and 2% to the general partner until the capital accounts of the common unitholders have been reduced to zero; and |
| Thereafter, 100% to the general partner. |
Adjustments to Capital Accounts Upon the Issuance of Additional Units. We will make adjustments to capital accounts upon the issuance of additional units. In doing so, we will allocate any gain or loss resulting from the adjustments to the unitholders and the general partner in the same manner as we allocate gain or loss upon liquidation. In the event that we make positive interim adjustments to the capital accounts, we will allocate any later negative adjustments to the capital accounts resulting from the issuance of additional units or distributions of property or upon liquidation in a manner which results, to the extent possible, in the capital account balance of the general partner equaling the amount which would have been in its capital account if no earlier positive adjustments to the capital accounts had been made.
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DESCRIPTION OF OUR PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
The following is a summary of the material provisions of our partnership agreement. Our partnership agreement has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and is incorporated by reference in this prospectus. The following provisions of our partnership agreement are summarized elsewhere in this prospectus:
| allocations of taxable income and other tax matters are described under Material Tax Consequences; and |
| rights of holders of common units are described under Description of Our Common Units. |
Our purpose under our partnership agreement is to engage directly or indirectly in any business activity that is approved by our general partner and that may be lawfully conducted by a limited partnership under the Delaware Act. All of our operations are conducted through our operating company, Genesis Crude Oil, L.P., and its subsidiaries.
Each limited partner, and each person who acquires a unit from a unitholder and executes and delivers a transfer application, grants to our general partner and, if appointed, a liquidator, a power of attorney to, among other things, execute and file documents required for our qualification, continuance or dissolution. The power of attorney also grants the general partner the authority to amend, and to make consents and waivers under, our partnership agreement.
Reimbursements of Our General Partner
Our general partner does not receive any compensation for its services as our general partner. It is, however, entitled to be reimbursed for all of its costs incurred in managing and operating our business. Our partnership agreement provides that our general partner will determine the expenses that are allocable to us in any reasonable manner determined by our general partner in its sole discretion.
Issuance of Additional Securities
Our partnership agreement authorizes us to issue an unlimited number of additional partner securities and rights to buy partnership securities that are equal in rank with or junior to our common units on terms and conditions established by our general partner in its sole discretion without the approval of the unitholders.
It is possible that we will fund acquisitions through the issuance of additional common units or other equity securities. Holders of any additional common units we issue will be entitled to share equally with the then-existing holders of common units in our distributions of available cash. In addition, the issuance of additional equity securities may dilute the value of the interests of the then-existing holders of common units in our net assets.
In accordance with Delaware law and the provisions of our partnership agreement, we may also issue additional equity securities that, in the sole discretion of our general partner, may have special voting rights to which common units are not entitled.
Our general partner has the right, which it may from time to time assign in whole or in part to any of its affiliates, to purchase common units or other equity securities whenever, and on the same terms that, we issue those securities to persons other than our general partner and its affiliates, to the extent necessary to maintain its percentage interest, including its interest represented by common units, that existed immediately prior to the issuance. The holders of common units will not have preemptive rights to acquire additional common units or other partnership securities.
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Amendments to Our Partnership Agreement
Amendments to our partnership agreement may be proposed only by or with the consent of our general partner. Any amendment that materially and adversely affects the rights or preferences of any type or class of limited partner interests in relation to other types or classes of limited partner interests or our general partner interest will require the approval of at least a majority of the type or class of limited partner interests or general partner interests so affected.
However, in some circumstances, more particularly described in our partnership agreement, our general partner may make amendments to our partnership agreement without the approval of our limited partners or assignees.
Withdrawal or Removal of Our General Partner
Our general partner may withdraw as general partner without first obtaining approval of any unitholder by giving 90 days written notice, and that withdrawal will not constitute a violation of our partnership agreement. In addition, our general partner may withdraw without unitholder approval upon 90 days notice to our limited partners if at least 50% of our outstanding common units are held or controlled by one person and its affiliates other than our general partner and its affiliates.
Upon the voluntary withdrawal of our general partner, the holders of a majority of our outstanding common units may elect a successor to the withdrawing general partner. If a successor is not elected, or is elected but an opinion of counsel regarding limited liability and tax matters cannot be obtained, we will be dissolved, wound up and liquidated, unless within 180 days after that withdrawal, the holders of a majority of our outstanding common units agree in writing to continue our business and to appoint a successor general partner.
Our general partner may be removed with or without cause. Cause means that a court of competent jurisdiction has entered a final, non-appealable judgment finding our general partner liable for actual fraud, gross negligence or willful or wanton misconduct in its capacity as our general partner. If cause exists, our general partner may not be removed unless that removal is approved by the vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of our outstanding units, including units held by our general partner and its affiliates. If no cause exists, our general partner may not be removed unless that removal is approved by the vote of the holders of not less than a majority of our outstanding units, excluding units held by our general partner and its affiliates. Any removal of our general partner by the unitholders is also subject to the approval of a successor general partner by the vote of the holders of a majority of our outstanding common units and the receipt of an opinion of counsel regarding limited liability and tax matters. If a proposed removal is without cause, and the general partner to be removed is an affiliate of Denbury Resources, then, if an affiliate of Denbury Resources is not proposed as a successor general partner, any such action for removal must also provide for Denbury Resources to be granted an option immediately upon the effectiveness of the removal to purchase all of our ownership interest in our Mississippi pipeline system at 110% of its fair market value, as determined by independent appraisal in the manner set forth in our partnership agreement. Denbury Resources option will be exercisable for a period of 45 days following the determination of such fair market value. Additionally, upon removal of the general partner without cause, our general partner will have the option to convert its interest in us (other than its common units) into common units or to require our replacement general partner to purchase such interest for cash at its then fair market value.
While our partnership agreement limits the ability of our general partner to withdraw, it allows the general partner interest to be transferred to an affiliate or to a third party in conjunction with a merger or sale of all or substantially all of the assets of our general partner. In addition, our partnership agreement expressly permits the sale, in whole or in part, of the ownership of our general partner. Our general partner may also transfer, in whole or in part, the common units and any other partnership securities it owns, including the incentive distribution rights.
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Liquidation and Distribution of Proceeds
Upon our dissolution, unless we are reconstituted and continued as a new limited partnership, the person authorized to wind up our affairs (the liquidator) will, acting with all the powers of our general partner that the liquidator deems necessary or desirable in its judgment, liquidate our assets. The proceeds of the liquidation will be applied as follows:
| first, towards the payment of all of our creditors; and |
| then, to our unitholders and our general partner in accordance with the positive balance in their respective capital accounts. |
The liquidator may defer liquidation of our assets for a reasonable period or distribute assets to our partners in kind if it determines that a sale would be impractical or would cause undue loss to our partners.
Change of Management Provisions
Our partnership agreement contains the following specific provisions that are intended to discourage a person or group from attempting to remove our general partner or otherwise change management:
| any units held by a person that owns 20% or more of any class of units then outstanding, other than our general partner and its affiliates, cannot be voted on any matters pertaining to the succession, election, removal, withdrawal, replacement or substitution of our general partner; and |
| the partnership agreement contains provisions limiting the ability of unitholders to call meetings or to acquire information about our operations, as well as other provisions limiting the unitholders ability to influence the manner or direction of management. |
If at any time our general partner and its affiliates own more than 80% of the issued and outstanding limited partner interests of any class, our general partner will have the right to acquire all, but not less than all, of the outstanding limited partner interests of that class that are held by non-affiliated persons. The record date for determining ownership of the limited partner interests would be selected by our general partner on at least ten but not more than 60 days notice. The purchase price in the event of a purchase under these provisions would be the greater of (1) the current market price (as defined in our partnership agreement) of the limited partner interests of the class as of the date three days prior to the date that notice is mailed to the limited partners as provided in the partnership agreement and (2) the highest cash price paid by our general partner or any of its affiliates for any partnership securities of the class purchased within the 90 days preceding the date our general partner first mails notice of its election to purchase those partnership securities.
Under our partnership agreement, in most circumstances, we will indemnify our general partner, its affiliates and their officers and directors to the fullest extent permitted by law, from and against all losses, claims or damages any of them may suffer by reason of their status as general partner, officer or director, as long as the person seeking indemnity acted in good faith and in a manner believed to be in or not opposed to our best interest. Any indemnification under these provisions will only be out of our assets. Our general partner and its affiliates shall not be personally liable for, or have any obligation to contribute or loan funds or assets to us to enable us to effectuate any indemnification. We are authorized to purchase insurance against liabilities asserted against and expenses incurred by persons for our activities, regardless of whether we would have the power to indemnify the person against liabilities under our partnership agreement.
Under our partnership agreement, we have agreed to register for resale under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws any common units or other partnership securities proposed to be sold by our general partner or any of its affiliates or their assignees if an exemption from the registration requirements is not otherwise available. We are obligated to pay all expenses incidental to the registration, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions.
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This section is a summary of the material tax consequences that may be relevant to prospective unitholders who are individual citizens or residents of the United States and, unless otherwise noted in the following discussion, expresses the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP, counsel to the general partner and us, insofar as it relates to federal income tax matters. This section is based upon current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, existing and proposed regulations and current administrative rulings and court decisions, all of which are subject to change. Later changes in these authorities may cause the tax consequences to vary substantially from the consequences described below. Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this section to us, we, our, and ours are references to Genesis Energy, L.P. and its subsidiaries.
This section does not comment on all federal income tax matters affecting us or our unitholders. Moreover, the discussion focuses on unitholders who are individual citizens or residents of the United States and has only limited application to corporations, estates, trusts, nonresident aliens or other unitholders subject to specialized tax treatment, such as tax-exempt institutions, foreign persons, individual retirement accounts (IRAs), real estate investment trusts (REITs) or mutual funds. Accordingly, we recommend that each prospective unitholder consult, and depend on, his own tax advisor in analyzing the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences particular to him of the ownership or disposition of common units.
All statements as to matters of law and legal conclusions, but not as to factual matters, contained in this section, unless otherwise noted, are the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP and are based on the accuracy of the representations made by us and our general partner. No ruling has been or will be requested from the IRS regarding any matter affecting us or prospective unitholders. Instead, we rely on opinions and advice of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP. Unlike a ruling, an opinion of counsel represents only that counsels best legal judgment and does not bind the IRS or the courts. Accordingly, the opinions and statements made here may not be sustained by a court if contested by the IRS. Any contest of this sort with the IRS may materially and adversely impact the market for the common units and the prices at which common units trade. In addition, the costs of any contest with the IRS will be borne directly or indirectly by the unitholders and the general partner. Furthermore, the tax treatment of us, or of an investment in us, may be significantly modified by future legislative or administrative changes or court decisions. Any modifications may or may not be retroactively applied.
For the reasons described below, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has not rendered an opinion with respect to the following specific federal income tax issues:
(1) | the treatment of a unitholder whose common units are loaned to a short seller to cover a short sale of common units (please read Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipTreatment of Short Sales in this prospectus); |
(2) | whether our monthly convention for allocating taxable income and losses is permitted by existing Treasury Regulations (please read Disposition of Common UnitsAllocations Between Transferors and Transferees in this prospectus); and |
(3) | whether our method for depreciating Section 743 adjustments is sustainable (please read Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipSection 754 Election in this prospectus). |
A partnership is not a taxable entity and incurs no federal income tax liability. Instead, each partner of a partnership is required to take into account his share of items of income, gain, loss and deduction of the partnership in computing his federal income tax liability, regardless of whether cash distributions are made to him by the partnership. Distributions by a partnership to a partner are generally not taxable unless the amount of cash distributed is in excess of the partners adjusted basis in his partnership interest.
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Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code provides that publicly-traded partnerships will, as a general rule, be taxed as corporations. However, an exception, referred to as the Qualifying Income Exception, exists with respect to publicly-traded partnerships of which 90% or more of the gross income for every taxable year consists of qualifying income. Qualifying income includes income and gains derived from the transportation, storage and processing of crude oil, natural gas and products thereof and fertilizer. Other types of qualifying income include interest (other than from a financial business), dividends, gains from the sale of real property and gains from the sale or other disposition of assets held for the production of income that otherwise constitutes qualifying income. We estimate that less than 6% of our current income is not qualifying income; however, this estimate could change from time to time. Based upon and subject to this estimate, the factual representations made by us and the general partner and a review of the applicable legal authorities, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP is of the opinion that at least 90% of our current gross income constitutes qualifying income.
No ruling has been or will be sought from the IRS and the IRS has made no determination as to our status as a partnership for federal income tax purposes or whether our operations generate qualifying income under Section 7704 of the Code. Instead, we will rely on the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP that, based upon the Internal Revenue Code, its regulations, published revenue rulings and court decisions and the representations described below, we will be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes.
In rendering its opinion, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has relied on factual representations made by us and our general partner. The representations made by us and our general partner upon which counsel has relied include:
(a) | Neither we nor the operating company has elected or will elect to be treated as a corporation; |
(b) | For each taxable year, more than 90% of our gross income has been and will be income from sources that Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has opined or will opine is qualifying income within the meaning of Section 7704(d) of the Internal Revenue Code; and |
(c) | Each hedging transaction that we treat as resulting in qualifying income has been and will be appropriately identified as a hedging transaction pursuant to applicable Treasury Regulations, and has been and will be associated with oil, gas or products thereof that are held or are to be held by us in activities that Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has opined or will opine result in qualifying income. |
If we fail to meet the Qualifying Income Exception, other than a failure which is determined by the IRS to be inadvertent and that is cured within a reasonable time after discovery, we will be treated as if we had transferred all of our assets, subject to liabilities, to a newly formed corporation, on the first day of the year in which we fail to meet the Qualifying Income Exception, in return for stock in that corporation, and then distributed that stock to the unitholders in liquidation of their interests in us. This contribution and liquidation should be tax-free to unitholders and us so long as we, at that time, do not have liabilities in excess of the tax basis of our assets. Thereafter, we would be treated as a corporation for federal income tax purposes.
If we were taxable as a corporation in any taxable year, either as a result of a failure to meet the Qualifying Income Exception or otherwise, our items of income, gain, loss and deduction would be reflected only on our tax return rather than being passed through to our unitholders, and our net income would be taxed to us at corporate rates. In addition, any distribution made to a unitholder would be treated as either taxable dividend income, to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, or, in the absence of earnings and profits, a nontaxable return of capital, to the extent of the unitholders tax basis in his common units, or taxable capital gain, after the unitholders tax basis in his common units is reduced to zero. Accordingly, taxation as a corporation would result in a material reduction in a unitholders cash flow and after-tax return and thus would likely result in a substantial reduction of the value of the units.
The remainder of this section is based on Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLPs opinion that we will be classified as a partnership for federal income tax purposes.
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Unitholders who have become limited partners of Genesis will be treated as partners of Genesis for federal income tax purposes. Also:
(a) | assignees who have executed and delivered transfer applications, and are awaiting admission as limited partners, and |
(b) | unitholders whose common units are held in street name or by a nominee and who have the right to direct the nominee in the exercise of all substantive rights attendant to the ownership of their common units, |
will be treated as partners of Genesis for federal income tax purposes. As there is no direct authority addressing assignees of common units who are entitled to execute and deliver transfer applications and become entitled to direct the exercise of attendant rights, but who fail to execute and deliver transfer applications, the opinion of Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP does not extend to these persons. Furthermore, a purchaser or other transferee of common units who does not execute and deliver a transfer application may not receive some federal income tax information or reports furnished to record holders of common units unless the common units are held in a nominee or street name account and the nominee or broker has executed and delivered a transfer application for those common units.
A beneficial owner of common units whose units have been transferred to a short seller to complete a short sale would appear to lose his status as a partner with respect to those units for federal income tax purposes. Please read Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipTreatment of Short Sales in this prospectus.
Income, gain, deductions or losses would not appear to be reportable by a unitholder who is not a partner for federal income tax purposes, and any cash distributions received by a unitholder who is not a partner for federal income tax purposes would therefore be fully taxable as ordinary income. These holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors with respect to their status as partners in Genesis for federal income tax purposes.
Tax Consequences of Unit Ownership
Flow-through of Taxable Income. We will not pay any federal income tax. Instead, each unitholder will be required to report on his income tax return his share of our income, gains, losses and deductions without regard to whether corresponding cash distributions are received by him. Consequently, we may allocate income to a unitholder even if he has not received a cash distribution. Each unitholder will be required to include in income his allocable share of our income, gains, losses and deductions for our taxable year ending with or within his taxable year. Our taxable year ends on December 31.
Treatment of Distributions. Distributions by us to a unitholder generally will not be taxable to the unitholder for federal income tax purposes to the extent of his tax basis in his common units immediately before the distribution. Our cash distributions in excess of a unitholders tax basis generally will be considered to be gain from the sale or exchange of the common units, taxable in accordance with the rules described under Disposition of Common Units below. Any reduction in a unitholders share of our liabilities for which no partner, including the general partner, bears the economic risk of loss, known as nonrecourse liabilities, will be treated as a distribution of cash to that unitholder. To the extent our distributions cause a unitholders at risk amount to be less than zero at the end of any taxable year, he must recapture any losses deducted in previous years. Please read Limitations on Deductibility of Losses.
A decrease in a unitholders percentage interest in us because of our issuance of additional common units will decrease his share of our nonrecourse liabilities, and thus will result in a corresponding deemed distribution of cash. A non-pro rata distribution of money or property may result in ordinary income to a unitholder, regardless of his tax basis in his common units, if the distribution reduces the unitholders share of our unrealized receivables, including depreciation recapture, and/or substantially appreciated inventory items,
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both as defined in Section 751 of the Internal Revenue Code, and collectively, Section 751 Assets. To that extent, he will be treated as having been distributed his proportionate share of the Section 751 Assets and having exchanged those assets with us in return for the non-pro rata portion of the actual distribution made to him. This latter deemed exchange will generally result in the unitholders realization of ordinary income. That income will equal the excess of (1) the non-pro rata portion of that distribution over (2) the unitholders tax basis for the share of Section 751 Assets deemed relinquished in the exchange.
Basis of Common Units. A unitholders initial tax basis for his common units will be the amount he paid for the common units plus his share of our nonrecourse liabilities. That basis will be increased by his share of our income and by any increases in his share of our nonrecourse liabilities. That basis will be decreased, but not below zero, by distributions from us, by the unitholders share of our losses, by any decreases in his share of our nonrecourse liabilities and by his share of our expenditures that are not deductible in computing taxable income and are not required to be capitalized. A unitholder will have no share of our debt which is recourse to the general partner, but will have a share, generally based on his share of profits, of our nonrecourse liabilities. Please read Disposition of Common UnitsRecognition of Gain or Loss.
Limitations on Deductibility of Losses. The deduction by a unitholder of his share of our losses will be limited to the tax basis in his units and, in the case of an individual unitholder or a corporate unitholder, if more than 50% of the value of the corporate unitholders stock is owned directly or indirectly by five or fewer individuals or some tax-exempt organizations, to the amount for which the unitholder is considered to be at risk with respect to our activities, if that is less than his tax basis. A unitholder must recapture losses deducted in previous years to the extent that distributions cause his at risk amount to be less than zero at the end of any taxable year. Losses disallowed to a unitholder or recaptured as a result of these limitations will carry forward and will be allowable to the extent that his tax basis or at risk amount, whichever is the limiting factor, is subsequently increased. Upon the taxable disposition of a unit, any gain recognized by a unitholder can be offset by losses that were previously suspended by the at risk limitation but may not be offset by losses suspended by the basis limitation. Any excess loss above that gain previously suspended by the at risk or basis limitations is no longer utilizable.
In general, a unitholder will be at risk to the extent of the tax basis of his units, excluding any portion of that basis attributable to his share of our nonrecourse liabilities, reduced by any amount of money he borrows to acquire or hold his units, if the lender of those borrowed funds owns an interest in us, is related to the unitholder or can look only to the units for repayment. A unitholders at risk amount will increase or decrease as the tax basis of the unitholders units increases or decreases, other than tax basis increases or decreases attributable to increases or decreases in his share of our nonrecourse liabilities.
The passive loss limitations generally provide that individuals, estates, trusts and some closely-held corporations and personal service corporations can deduct losses from passive activities, which are generally activities in which the taxpayer does not materially participate, only to the extent of the taxpayers income from those passive activities. The passive loss limitations are applied separately with respect to each publicly-traded partnership. Consequently, any losses we generate will only be available to offset our passive income generated in the future and will not be available to offset income from other passive activities or investments, including our investments or investments in other publicly-traded partnerships, or salary or active business income. Passive losses that are not deductible because they exceed a unitholders share of income we generate may be deducted in full when such unitholder disposes of his entire investment in us in a fully taxable transaction with an unrelated party. The passive activity loss rules are applied after other applicable limitations on deductions, including the at risk rules and the basis limitation.
A unitholders share of our net income may be offset by any suspended passive losses, but it may not be offset by any other current or carryover losses from other passive activities, including those attributable to other publicly-traded partnerships.
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Limitations on Interest Deductions. The deductibility of a non-corporate taxpayers investment interest expense is generally limited to the amount of that taxpayers net investment income. Investment interest expense includes:
| interest on indebtedness properly allocable to property held for investment; |
| our interest expense attributed to portfolio income; and |
| the portion of interest expense incurred to purchase or carry an interest in a passive activity to the extent attributable to portfolio income. |
The computation of a unitholders investment interest expense will take into account interest on any margin account borrowing or other loan incurred to purchase or carry a unit. Net investment income includes gross income from property held for investment and amounts treated as portfolio income under the passive loss rules, less deductible expenses, other than interest, directly connected with the production of investment income, but generally does not include gains attributable to the disposition of property held for investment. The IRS has indicated that net passive income from a publicly-traded partnership constitutes investment income for purposes of the limitations on the deductibility of investment interest. In addition, the unitholders share of our portfolio income will be treated as investment income.
Entity-Level Collections. If we are required or elect under applicable law to pay any federal, state or local income tax on behalf of any unitholder or the general partner or any former unitholder, we are authorized to pay those taxes from our funds. That payment, if made, will be treated as a distribution of cash to the partner on whose behalf the payment was made. If the payment is made on behalf of a person whose identity cannot be determined, we are authorized to treat the payment as a distribution to all current unitholders. We are authorized to amend the partnership agreement in the manner necessary to maintain uniformity of intrinsic tax characteristics of units and to adjust later distributions, so that after giving effect to these distributions, the priority and characterization of distributions otherwise applicable under the partnership agreement is maintained as nearly as is practicable. Payments by us as described above could give rise to an overpayment of tax on behalf of an individual partner in which event the partner would be required to file a claim in order to obtain a credit or refund.
Allocation of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction. In general, if we have a net profit, our items of income, gain, loss and deduction will be allocated among the general partner and the unitholders in accordance with their percentage interests in us. At any time that incentive distributions are made to the general partner, gross income will be allocated to the recipients to the extent of these distributions. If we have a net loss for the entire year, that loss will be allocated first to the general partner and the unitholders in accordance with their percentage interests in us to the extent of their positive capital accounts and, second, to the general partner.
Specified items of our income, gain, loss and deduction will be allocated to account for the difference between the tax basis and fair market value of our assets at the time of an offering, referred to in this discussion as Contributed Property. The effect of these allocations to a unitholder purchasing common units in an offering will be essentially the same as if the tax basis of our assets were equal to their fair market value at the time of the offering. In addition, items of recapture income will be allocated to the extent possible to the partner who was allocated the deduction giving rise to the treatment of that gain as recapture income in order to minimize the recognition of ordinary income by some unitholders. Finally, although we do not expect that our operations will result in the creation of negative capital accounts, if negative capital accounts nevertheless result, items of our income and gain will be allocated in an amount and manner to eliminate the negative balance as quickly as possible.
An allocation of items of our income, gain, loss or deduction, other than an allocation required by the Internal Revenue Code to eliminate the difference between a partners book capital account, credited with the fair market value of Contributed Property, and tax capital account, credited with the tax basis of Contributed Property, referred to in this discussion as the Book-Tax Disparity, will generally be given effect for federal
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income tax purposes in determining a partners share of an item of income, gain, loss or deduction only if the allocation has substantial economic effect. In any other case, a partners share of an item will be determined on the basis of his interest in us, which will be determined by taking into account all the facts and circumstances, including his relative contributions to us, the interests of all the partners in profits and losses, the interest of all the partners in cash flow and other nonliquidating distributions and rights of all the partners to distributions of capital upon liquidation.
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP is of the opinion that, with the exception of the issues described in Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipSection 754 Election and Disposition of Common UnitsAllocations Between Transferors and Transferees, in this prospectus allocations under our partnership agreement will be given effect for federal income tax purposes in determining a partners share of an item of income, gain, loss or deduction.
Treatment of Short Sales. A unitholder whose units are loaned to a short seller to cover a short sale of units may be considered as having disposed of those units. If so, he would no longer be a partner for those units during the period of the loan and may recognize gain or loss from the disposition. As a result, during this period:
| any of our income, gain, loss or deduction with respect to those units would not be reportable by the unitholder; |
| any cash distributions received by the unitholder as to those units would be fully taxable; and |
| all of these distributions would appear to be ordinary income. |
Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has not rendered an opinion regarding the treatment of a unitholder where common units are loaned to a short seller to cover a short sale of common units; therefore, unitholders desiring to assure their status as partners and avoid the risk of gain recognition from a loan to a short seller should modify any applicable brokerage account agreements to prohibit their brokers from borrowing their units. The IRS has announced that it is actively studying issues relating to the tax treatment of short sales of partnership interests. Please also read Disposition of Common UnitsRecognition of Gain or Loss.
Alternative Minimum Tax. Each unitholder will be required to take into account his distributive share of any items of our income, gain, loss or deduction for purposes of the alternative minimum tax. The current minimum tax rate for noncorporate taxpayers is 26% on the first $175,000 of alternative minimum taxable income in excess of the exemption amount and 28% on any additional alternative minimum taxable income. Prospective unitholders are urged to consult with their tax advisors as to the impact of an investment in units on their liability for the alternative minimum tax.
Tax Rates. In general, the highest effective United States federal income tax rate for individuals currently is 35% and the maximum United States federal income tax rate for net capital gains of an individual currently is 15% if the asset disposed of was held for more than 12 months at the time of disposition.
Section 754 Election. We have made the election permitted by Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code. That election is irrevocable without the consent of the IRS. The election will generally permit us to adjust a common unit purchasers tax basis in our assets (inside basis) under Section 743(b) of the Internal Revenue Code to reflect his purchase price. This election does not apply to a person who purchases common units directly from us. The Section 743(b) adjustment belongs to the purchaser and not to other partners. For purposes of this discussion, a partners inside basis in our assets will be considered to have two components: (1) his share of our tax basis in our assets (common basis) and (2) his Section 743(b) adjustment to that basis.
Treasury regulations under Section 743 of the Internal Revenue Code require, if the remedial allocation method is adopted (which we have adopted), a portion of the Section 743(b) adjustment attributable to recovery property to be depreciated over the remaining cost recovery period for the Section 704(c) built-in gain. Under Treasury Regulation Section 1.167(c)-l(a)(6), a Section 743(b) adjustment attributable to property subject to
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depreciation under Section 167 of the Internal Revenue Code rather than cost recovery deductions under Section 168 is generally required to be depreciated using either the straight-line method or the 150% declining balance method. Under our partnership agreement, the general partner is authorized to take a position to preserve the uniformity of units even if that position is not consistent with these Treasury regulations. Please read Tax Treatment of OperationsUniformity of Units in this prospectus.
Although Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP is unable to opine as to the validity of this approach because there is no clear authority on this issue, we intend to depreciate the portion of a Section 743(b) adjustment attributable to unrealized appreciation in the value of Contributed Property, to the extent of any unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, using a rate of depreciation or amortization derived from the depreciation or amortization method and useful life applied to the common basis of the property, or treat that portion as non-amortizable to the extent attributable to property the common basis of which is not amortizable. This method is consistent with the regulations under Section 743 but is arguably inconsistent with Treasury Regulation Section 1.167(c)-1(a)(6), which is not expected to directly apply to a material portion of our assets. To the extent this Section 743(b) adjustment is attributable to appreciation in value in excess of the unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, we will apply the rules described in the Treasury regulations and legislative history. If we determine that this position cannot reasonably be taken, we may take a depreciation or amortization position under which all purchasers acquiring units in the same month would receive depreciation or amortization, whether attributable to common basis or a Section 743(b) adjustment, based upon the same applicable rate as if they had purchased a direct interest in our assets. This kind of aggregate approach may result in lower annual depreciation or amortization deductions than would otherwise be allowable to some unitholders. Please read Tax Treatment of OperationsUniformity of Units in this prospectus.
A Section 754 election is advantageous if the transferees tax basis in his units is higher than the units share of the aggregate tax basis of our assets immediately prior to the transfer. In that case, as a result of the election, the transferee would have, among other items, a greater amount of depreciation and depletion deductions and his share of any gain on a sale of our assets would be less. Conversely, a Section 754 election is disadvantageous if the transferees tax basis in his units is lower than those units share of the aggregate tax basis of our assets immediately prior to the transfer. Thus, the fair market value of the units may be affected either favorably or unfavorably by the election.
The calculations involved in the Section 754 election are complex and will be made on the basis of assumptions as to the value of our assets and other matters. For example, the allocation of the Section 743(b) adjustment among our assets must be made in accordance with the Internal Revenue Code. The IRS could seek to reallocate some or all of any Section 743(b) adjustment we allocated to our tangible assets to goodwill instead. Goodwill, as an intangible asset, is generally amortizable over a longer period of time or under a less accelerated method than our tangible assets. We cannot assure you that the determinations we make will not be successfully challenged by the IRS and that the deductions resulting from them will not be reduced or disallowed altogether. Should the IRS require a different basis adjustment to be made, and should, in our opinion, the expense of compliance exceed the benefit of the election, we may seek permission from the IRS to revoke our Section 754 election. If permission is granted, a subsequent purchaser of units may be allocated more income than he would have been allocated had the election not been revoked.
Accounting Method and Taxable Year. We use the year ending December 31 as our taxable year and the accrual method of accounting for federal income tax purposes. Each unitholder will be required to include in income his share of our income, gain, loss and deduction for our taxable year ending within or with his taxable year. In addition, a unitholder who has a taxable year ending on a date other than December 31 and who disposes of all of his units following the close of our taxable year but before the close of his taxable year must include his share of our income, gain, loss and deduction in income for his taxable year, with the result that he will be
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required to include in income for his taxable year his share of more than one year of our income, gain, loss and deduction. Please read Disposition of Common UnitsAllocations Between Transferors and Transferees in this prospectus.
Tax Basis, Depreciation and Amortization. The tax basis of our assets will be used for purposes of computing depreciation and cost recovery deductions and, ultimately, gain or loss on the disposition of these assets. The federal income tax burden associated with the difference between the fair market value of our assets and their tax basis immediately prior to an offering will be borne by the general partner, its affiliates and our other unitholders as of that time. Please read Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipAllocation of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction in this prospectus.
To the extent allowable, we may elect to use the depreciation and cost recovery methods that will result in the largest deductions being taken in the early years after assets are placed in service. We were not entitled to any amortization deductions with respect to any goodwill conveyed to us on formation. Property we subsequently acquire or construct may be depreciated using accelerated methods permitted by the Internal Revenue Code.
If we dispose of depreciable property by sale, foreclosure, or otherwise, all or a portion of any gain, determined by reference to the amount of depreciation previously deducted and the nature of the property, may be subject to the recapture rules and taxed as ordinary income rather than capital gain. Similarly, a partner who has taken cost recovery or depreciation deductions with respect to property we own will likely be required to recapture some or all of those deductions as ordinary income upon a sale of his interest in us. Please read Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipAllocation of Income, Gain, Loss and Deduction and Disposition of Common UnitsRecognition of Gain or Loss in this prospectus.
The costs incurred in selling our units (called syndication expenses) must be capitalized and cannot be deducted currently, ratably or upon our termination. There are uncertainties regarding the classification of costs as organization expenses, which we may amortize, and as syndication expenses, which we may not amortize. The underwriting discounts and commissions we incur will be treated as syndication expenses.
Valuation and Tax Basis of Our Properties. The federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of units will depend in part on our estimates of the relative fair market values, and the tax bases, of our assets. Although we may from time to time consult with professional appraisers regarding valuation matters, we will make many of the relative fair market value estimates ourselves. These estimates of basis are subject to challenge and will not be binding on the IRS or the courts. If the estimates of fair market value or basis are later found to be incorrect, the character and amount of items of income, gain, loss or deductions previously reported by unitholders might change, and unitholders might be required to adjust their tax liability for prior years and incur interest and penalties with respect to those adjustments.
Recognition of Gain or Loss. Gain or loss will be recognized on a sale of units equal to the difference between the amount realized and the unitholders tax basis for the units sold. A unitholders amount realized will be measured by the sum of the cash or the fair market value of other property he receives plus his share of our nonrecourse liabilities. Because the amount realized includes a unitholders share of our nonrecourse liabilities, the gain recognized on the sale of units could result in a tax liability in excess of any cash received from the sale.
Prior distributions from us in excess of cumulative net taxable income for a common unit that decreased a unitholders tax basis in that common unit will, in effect, become taxable income if the common unit is sold at a price greater than the unitholders tax basis in that common unit, even if the price received is less than his original cost.
Except as noted below, gain or loss recognized by a unitholder, other than a dealer in units, on the sale or exchange of a unit held for more than one year will generally be taxable as capital gain or loss. Capital gain recognized by an individual on the sale of units held more than 12 months will generally be taxed at a maximum
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rate of 15%. A portion of this gain or loss, which will likely be substantial, however, will be separately computed and taxed as ordinary income or loss under Section 751 of the Internal Revenue Code to the extent attributable to assets giving rise to depreciation recapture or other unrealized receivables or to inventory items we own. The term unrealized receivables includes potential recapture items, including depreciation recapture. Ordinary income attributable to unrealized receivables, inventory items and depreciation recapture may exceed net taxable gain realized upon the sale of a unit and may be recognized even if there is a net taxable loss realized on the sale of a unit. Thus, a unitholder may recognize both ordinary income and a capital loss upon a sale of units. Net capital loss may offset capital gains and no more than $3,000 of ordinary income, in the case of individuals, and may only be used to offset capital gain in the case of corporations.
The IRS has ruled that a partner who acquires interests in a partnership in separate transactions must combine those interests and maintain a single adjusted tax basis for all those interests. Upon a sale or other disposition of less than all of those interests, a portion of that tax basis must be allocated to the interests sold using an equitable apportionment method. Treasury regulations under Section 1223 of the Internal Revenue Code allow a selling unitholder who can identify common units transferred with an ascertainable holding period to elect to use the actual holding period of the common units transferred. Thus, according to the ruling, a common unitholder will be unable to select high or low basis common units to sell as would be the case with corporate stock, but, according to the regulations, may designate specific common units sold for purposes of determining the holding period of units transferred. A unitholder electing to use the actual holding period of common units transferred must consistently use that identification method for all subsequent sales or exchanges of common units. A unitholder considering the purchase of additional units or a sale of common units purchased in separate transactions is urged to consult his tax advisor as to the possible consequences of this ruling and application of the Treasury regulations. Specific provisions of the Internal Revenue Code affect the taxation of some financial products and securities, including partnership interests, by treating a taxpayer as having sold an appreciated partnership interest, one in which gain would be recognized if it were sold, assigned or terminated at its fair market value, if the taxpayer or related persons enter(s) into:
| a short sale; |
| an offsetting notional principal contract; or |
| a futures or forward contract with respect to the partnership interest or substantially identical property. |
Moreover, if a taxpayer has previously entered into a short sale, an offsetting notional principal contract or a futures or forward contract with respect to the partnership interest, the taxpayer will be treated as having sold that position if the taxpayer or a related person then acquires the partnership interest or substantially identical property. The Secretary of Treasury is also authorized to issue regulations that treat a taxpayer that enters into transactions or positions that have substantially the same effect as the preceding transactions as having constructively sold the financial position.
Allocations Between Transferors and Transferees. In general, our taxable income and losses will be determined annually, will be prorated on a monthly basis and will be subsequently apportioned among the unitholders in proportion to the number of units owned by each of them as of the opening of the applicable exchange on the first business day of the month (the Allocation Date). However, gain or loss realized on a sale or other disposition of our assets other than in the ordinary course of business will be allocated among the unitholders on the Allocation Date in the month in which that gain or loss is recognized. As a result, a unitholder transferring units may be allocated income, gain, loss and deduction realized after the date of transfer.
The use of this method may not be permitted under existing Treasury regulations. Accordingly, Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP is unable to opine on the validity of this method of allocating income and deductions between unitholders. If this method is not allowed under the Treasury regulations, or only applies to transfers of less than all of the unitholders interest, our taxable income or losses might be reallocated among the unitholders. We are authorized to revise our method of allocation between unitholders to conform to a method permitted under future Treasury regulations.
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A unitholder who owns units at any time during a quarter and who disposes of them prior to the record date set for a cash distribution for that quarter will be allocated items of our income, gain, loss and deductions attributable to that quarter but will not be entitled to receive that cash distribution.
Notification Requirements. A purchaser of units from another unitholder is required to notify us in writing of that purchase within 30 days after the purchase. We are required to notify the IRS of that transaction and to furnish specified information to the transferor and transferee. However, these reporting requirements do not apply to a sale by an individual who is a citizen of the United States and who effects the sale or exchange through a broker.
Constructive Termination. We will be considered to have been terminated for tax purposes if there is a sale or exchange of 50% or more of the total interests in our capital and profits within a 12-month period. A constructive termination results in the closing of our taxable year for all unitholders. In the case of a unitholder reporting on a taxable year other than a fiscal year ending December 31, the closing of our taxable year may result in more than 12 months of our taxable income or loss being includable in his taxable income for the year of termination. We would be required to make new tax elections after a termination, including a new election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code, and a termination would result in a deferral of our deductions for depreciation. A termination could also result in penalties if we were unable to determine that the termination had occurred. Moreover, a termination might either accelerate the application of, or subject us to, any tax legislation enacted before the termination.
Because we cannot match transferors and transferees of units, we must maintain uniformity of the economic and tax characteristics of the units to a purchaser of these units. In the absence of uniformity, we may be unable to completely comply with a number of federal income tax requirements, both statutory and regulatory. A lack of uniformity can result from a literal application of Treasury Regulation Section 1.167(c)-1(a)(6). Any non-uniformity could have a negative impact on the value of the units. Please read Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipSection 754 Election in this prospectus.
We intend to depreciate the portion of a Section 743(b) adjustment attributable to unrealized appreciation in the value of Contributed Property, to the extent of any unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, using a rate of depreciation or amortization derived from the depreciation or amortization method and useful life applied to the common basis of that property, or treat that portion as nonamortizable, to the extent attributable to property the common basis of which is not amortizable, consistent with the regulations under Section 743, even though that position may be inconsistent with Treasury Regulation Section 1.167(c)-1(a)(6) which is not expected to apply directly to a material portion of our assets. Please read Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipSection 754 Election in this prospectus. To the extent that the Section 743(b) adjustment is attributable to appreciation in value in excess of the unamortized Book-Tax Disparity, we will apply the rules described in the Treasury regulations and legislative history. If we determine that this position cannot reasonably be taken, we may adopt a depreciation and amortization position under which all purchasers acquiring units in the same month would receive depreciation and amortization deductions, whether attributable to a common basis or Section 743(b) adjustment, based upon the same applicable rate as if they had purchased a direct interest in our property. If this position is adopted, it may result in lower annual depreciation and amortization deductions than would otherwise be allowable to some unitholders and risk the loss of depreciation and amortization deductions not taken in the year that these deductions are otherwise allowable. This position will not be adopted if we determine that the loss of depreciation and amortization deductions will have a material adverse effect on the unitholders. If we choose not to utilize this aggregate method, we may use any other reasonable depreciation and amortization method to preserve the uniformity of the intrinsic tax characteristics of any units that would not have a material adverse effect on the unitholders. The IRS may challenge any method of depreciating the Section 743(b) adjustment described in this paragraph. If this challenge were sustained, the uniformity of units might be affected, and the gain from the sale of units might be increased without the benefit of additional deductions. Please read Disposition of Common UnitsRecognition of Gain or Loss in this prospectus.
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Tax-Exempt Organizations and Other Investors
Ownership of units by employee benefit plans, other tax-exempt organizations, non-resident aliens, foreign corporations, other foreign persons and regulated investment companies raises issues unique to those investors and, as described below, may have substantially adverse tax consequences to them.
Employee benefit plans and most other organizations exempt from federal income tax, including individual retirement accounts and other retirement plans, are subject to federal income tax on unrelated business taxable income. Virtually all of our income allocated to a unitholder which is a tax-exempt organization will be unrelated business taxable income and will be taxable to them.
A regulated investment company or mutual fund is required to derive 90% or more of its gross income from interest, dividends and gains from the sale of stocks or securities or foreign currency or specified related sources, which includes net income derived from the ownership of an interest in a qualified publicly traded partnership as permitted income to a regulated investment company. We expect that we will meet the definition of a qualified publicly traded partnership for this purpose.
Non-resident aliens and foreign corporations, trusts or estates that own units will be considered to be engaged in business in the United States because of the ownership of units. As a consequence they will be required to file federal tax returns to report their share of our income, gain, loss or deduction and pay federal income tax at regular rates on their share of our net income or gain. Under rules applicable to publicly traded partnerships, we will withhold tax, at the highest effective rate applicable to individuals, from cash distributions made quarterly to foreign unitholders. Each foreign unitholder must obtain a taxpayer identification number from the IRS and submit that number to our transfer agent on a Form W-8 BEN or applicable substitute form in order to obtain credit for these withholding taxes. A change in applicable law may require us to change these procedures.
In addition, because a foreign corporation that owns units will be treated as engaged in a United States trade or business, that corporation may be subject to the United States branch profits tax at a rate of 30%, in addition to regular federal income tax, on its share of our income and gain, as adjusted for changes in the foreign corporations U.S. net equity, which is effectively connected with the conduct of a United States trade or business. That tax may be reduced or eliminated by an income tax treaty between the United States and the country in which the foreign corporate unitholder is a qualified resident. In addition, this type of unitholder is subject to special information reporting requirements under Section 6038C of the Internal Revenue Code.
Under a ruling of the IRS, a foreign unitholder who sells or otherwise disposes of a unit will be subject to federal income tax on gain realized on the sale or disposition of that unit to the extent that this gain is effectively connected with a United States trade or business of the foreign unitholder. Because a foreign unitholder is considered to be engaged in business in the United States by virtue of the ownership of units, under this ruling a foreign unitholder who sells or otherwise disposes of a unit generally will be subject to federal income tax on gain realized on the sale or other disposition of units. Apart from the ruling, a foreign unitholder will not be taxed or subject to withholding upon the sale or disposition of a unit if he has owned less than 5% in value of the units during the five-year period ending on the date of the disposition and if the units are regularly traded on an established securities market at the time of the sale or disposition.
Information Returns and Audit Procedures. We intend to furnish to each unitholder, within 90 days after the close of each calendar year, specific tax information, including a Schedule K-1, which describes his share of our income, gain, loss and deduction for our preceding taxable year. In preparing this information, which will not be reviewed by counsel, we will take various accounting and reporting positions, some of which have been mentioned earlier, to determine his share of income, gain, loss and deduction. We cannot assure you that those positions will yield a result that conforms to the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code, regulations or
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administrative interpretations of the IRS. Neither we nor counsel can assure prospective unitholders that the IRS will not successfully contend in court that those positions are impermissible. Any challenge by the IRS could negatively affect the value of the units.
The IRS may audit our federal income tax information returns. Adjustments resulting from an IRS audit may require each unitholder to adjust a prior years tax liability, and possibly may result in an audit of his own return. Any audit of a unitholders return could result in adjustments not related to our returns as well as those related to our returns.
Partnerships generally are treated as separate entities for purposes of federal tax audits, judicial review of administrative adjustments by the IRS and tax settlement proceedings. The tax treatment of partnership items of income, gain, loss and deduction are determined in a partnership proceeding rather than in separate proceedings with the partners. The Internal Revenue Code requires that one partner be designated as the Tax Matters Partner for these purposes. The partnership agreement names our general partner as our Tax Matters Partner.
The Tax Matters Partner will make some elections on our behalf and on behalf of unitholders. In addition, the Tax Matters Partner can extend the statute of limitations for assessment of tax deficiencies against unitholders for items in our returns. The Tax Matters Partner may bind a unitholder with less than a 1% profits interest in us to a settlement with the IRS unless that unitholder elects, by filing a statement with the IRS, not to give that authority to the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner may seek judicial review, by which all the unitholders are bound, of a final partnership administrative adjustment and, if the Tax Matters Partner fails to seek judicial review, judicial review may be sought by any unitholder having at least a 1% interest in profits or by any group of unitholders having in the aggregate at least a 5% interest in profits. However, only one action for judicial review will go forward, and each unitholder with an interest in the outcome may participate.
A unitholder must file a statement with the IRS identifying the treatment of any item on his federal income tax return that is not consistent with the treatment of the item on our return. Intentional or negligent disregard of this consistency requirement may subject a unitholder to substantial penalties.
Nominee Reporting. Persons who hold an interest in us as a nominee for another person are required to furnish to us:
(a) | the name, address and taxpayer identification number of the beneficial owner and the nominee; |
(b) | whether the beneficial owner is |
(1) | a person that is not a United States person, |
(2) | a foreign government, an international organization or any wholly owned agency or instrumentality of either of the foregoing, or |
(3) | a tax-exempt entity; |
(c) | the amount and description of units held, acquired or transferred for the beneficial owner; and |
(d) | specific information including the dates of acquisitions and transfers, means of acquisitions and transfers, and acquisition cost for purchases, as well as the amount of net proceeds from sales. |
Brokers and financial institutions are required to furnish additional information, including whether they are United States persons and specific information on units they acquire, hold or transfer for their own account. A penalty of $50 per failure, up to a maximum of $100,000 per calendar year, is imposed by the Internal Revenue Code for failure to report that information to us. The nominee is required to supply the beneficial owner of the units with the information furnished to us.
Accuracy-related and Assessable Penalties. An additional tax equal to 20% of the amount of any portion of an underpayment of tax that is attributable to one or more specified causes, including negligence or disregard of rules or regulations, substantial understatements of income tax and substantial valuation misstatements, is
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imposed by the Internal Revenue Code. No penalty will be imposed, however, for any portion of an underpayment if it is shown that there was a reasonable cause for that portion and that the taxpayer acted in good faith regarding that portion.
A substantial understatement of income tax in any taxable year exists if the amount of the understatement exceeds the greater of 10% of the tax required to be shown on the return for the taxable year or $5,000 ($10,000 for most corporations). The amount of any understatement subject to penalty generally is reduced if any portion is attributable to a position adopted on the return:
(1) | for which there is, or was, substantial authority, or |
(2) | as to which there is a reasonable basis and the pertinent facts of that position are disclosed on the return. |
More stringent rules, including additional penalties and extended statutes of limitations, may apply as a result of our participation in listed transactions or reportable transactions with a significant tax avoidance purpose. While we do not anticipate participating in such transactions, if any item of income, gain, loss or deduction included in the distributive shares of unitholders might result in that kind of an understatement of income relating to such a transaction, we must disclose the pertinent facts on our return. In addition, we will make a reasonable effort to furnish sufficient information for unitholders to make adequate disclosure on their returns and to take other actions as may be appropriate to permit unitholders to avoid liability for penalties.
A substantial valuation misstatement exists if the value of any property, or the adjusted basis of any property, claimed on a tax return is 200% or more of the amount determined to be the correct amount of the valuation or adjusted basis. No penalty is imposed unless the portion of the underpayment attributable to a substantial valuation misstatement exceeds $5,000 ($10,000 for most corporations). If the valuation claimed on a return is 400% or more than the correct valuation, the penalty imposed increases to 40%.
If we were to engage in a reportable transaction, we (and possibly you and others) would be required to make a detailed disclosure of the transaction to the IRS. A transaction may be a reportable transaction based upon any of several factors, including the fact that it is a type of tax avoidance transaction publicly identified by the IRS as a listed transaction or that it produces certain kinds of losses for partnerships, individuals, S corporations, and trusts in excess of $2.0 million in any single year, or $4.0 million in any combination of 6 successive tax years. Our participation in a reportable transaction could increase the likelihood that our federal income tax information return (and possibly your tax return) is audited by the IRS. Please read Information Returns and Audit Procedures above.
Moreover, if we were to participate in a listed transaction or a reportable transaction (other than a listed transaction) with a significant purpose to avoid or evade tax, you could be subject to the following provisions of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004:
| accuracy-related penalties with a broader scope, significantly narrower exceptions, and potentially greater amounts than described above at Accuracy-Related Penalties, |
| for those persons otherwise entitled to deduct interest on federal tax deficiencies, nondeductability of interest on any resulting tax liability, and |
| in the case of a listed transaction, an extended statute of limitations. |
We do not expect to engage in any reportable transactions.
State, Local and Other Tax Considerations
In addition to federal income taxes, you will be subject to other taxes, including state and local income taxes, unincorporated business taxes, and estate, inheritance or intangible taxes that may be imposed by the
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various jurisdictions in which we do business or own property or in which you are a resident. We own assets and do business in more than 25 states including Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Arkansas and Oklahoma. Many of the states we currently do business in currently impose a personal income tax. We may also own property or do business in other states in the future. Although an analysis of those various taxes is not presented here, each prospective unitholder is urged to consider their potential impact on his investment in us. You may not be required to file a return and pay taxes in some states because your income from that state falls below the filing and payment requirement. You will be required, however, to file state income tax returns and to pay state income taxes in many of the states in which we do business or own property, and you may be subject to penalties for failure to comply with those requirements. In some states, tax losses may not produce a tax benefit in the year incurred and also may not be available to offset income in subsequent taxable years. Some of the states may require us, or we may elect, to withhold a percentage of income from amounts to be distributed to a unitholder who is not a resident of the state. Withholding, the amount of which may be greater or less than a particular unitholders income tax liability to the state, generally does not relieve a nonresident unitholder from the obligation to file an income tax return. Amounts withheld may be treated as if distributed to unitholders for purposes of determining the amounts distributed by us. Please read Tax Consequences of Unit OwnershipEntity-Level Collections in this prospectus.
It is the responsibility of each unitholder to investigate the legal and tax consequences, under the laws of pertinent states and localities, of his investment in us. Accordingly, we strongly recommend that each prospective unitholder consult, and depend upon, his own tax counsel or other advisor with regard to those matters. Further, it is the responsibility of each unitholder to file all state and local, as well as united states federal tax returns, that may be required of him. Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP has not rendered an opinion on the state or local tax consequences of an investment in us.
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INVESTMENT IN GENESIS BY EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
An investment in Genesis by an employee benefit plan is subject to certain additional considerations because persons with discretionary control of assets of such plans (a fiduciary) are subject to the fiduciary responsibility provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended (ERISA), and transactions are subject to restrictions imposed by Section 4975 of the Code. As used in this prospectus, the term employee benefit plan includes, but is not limited to, qualified pension, profit-sharing and stock bonus plans, Keogh plans, Simplified Employee Pension Plans, and tax deferred annuities or Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) established or maintained by an employer or employee organization. Among other things, consideration should be given to (1) whether such investment is prudent under Section 404(a)(1)(B) of ERISA, (2) whether in making such investment such plan will satisfy the diversification requirement of Section 404(a)(1)(C) of ERISA, and (3) whether such investment will result in recognition of unrelated business taxable income by such plan. Please read Material Tax ConsequencesTax-Exempt Organizations and Other Investors. Fiduciaries should determine whether an investment in Genesis is authorized by the appropriate governing instrument and is an appropriate investment for such plan.
In addition, a fiduciary of an employee benefit plan should consider whether such plan will, by investing in Genesis, be deemed to own an undivided interest in the assets of Genesis, with the result that the general partner would also be a fiduciary of such plan and Genesis would be subject to the regulatory restrictions of ERISA, including its prohibited transaction rules, as well as the prohibited transaction rules of the Code.
Section 406 of ERISA and Section 4975 of the Code (which also applies to IRAs that are not considered part of an employee benefit plan; i.e., IRAs established or maintained by individuals rather than an employer or employee organization) prohibit an employee benefit plan from engaging in certain transactions involving plan assets with parties who are parties in interest under ERISA or disqualified persons under the Code with respect to the plan. Under Department of Labor regulations the assets of an entity in which employee benefit plans acquire equity interests would not be deemed plan assets if, among other things, (1) the equity interests acquired by employee benefit plans are publicly offered securitiesi.e., the equity interests are widely held by 100 or more investors independent of the issuer and each other, freely transferable and registered pursuant to certain provisions of the federal securities law, (2) the entity is an operating companyi.e., it is primarily engaged in the production or sale of a product or service other than the investment of capital, or (3) there is no significant investment by benefit plan investors, which is defined to mean that less than 25% of the value of each class of equity interest is held by the employee benefit plans referred to above, IRAs and other employee benefit plans not subject to ERISA (such as government plans). Genesis assets are not expected to be considered plan assets under these regulations because it is expected that the investment will satisfy the requirements in (1) above, and may also satisfy the requirements in (2) and (3).
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Each selling unitholder may elect to sell all, a portion or none of the common units it offers hereby, except that there are limits to how many units they may offer and sell at one time. See Plan of Distribution. Each selling unitholder will determine the prices and terms of the sales at the time of each offering made by it, and will be responsible for any fees, discounts or selling commissions due to brokers, dealers or agents. We will pay all of the other offering expenses, including reasonable fees and expenses of one legal counsel for the selling unitholders incurred in connection with each registration hereunder. We will not receive any of the proceeds from any sale of the common units sold pursuant to this prospectus.
The following table sets forth the following information regarding the selling unitholders as of April 11, 2008: the name of each selling unitholder, the nature of any position, office, or other material relationship that the selling unitholders have had within the past three years with us or with any of our predecessors or affiliates, the amount and percentage of our common units beneficially owned by such unitholder prior to the offering, and the amount being offered for the unitholders account. We prepared the table based solely on our review of the Schedule 13D General Statement of Acquisition Beneficial Ownership filed by such person, the Form 3 Initial Statement of Beneficial Ownership filed by such person and the Form 4 Statement of Changes in Beneficial Ownership filed by such person with the Commission or information otherwise provided by the selling unitholders. We have not sought to verify such information. Additionally, some or all of the selling unitholders may have sold or transferred some or all of their common units in exempt or non-exempt transactions, since such date. Other information about the selling unitholders may also change over time.
The selling unitholders identified below may currently hold or acquire at any time common units in addition to those registered hereby. In addition, the selling unitholders identified below may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of some or all of their common units in private placement in transactions exempt from or not subject to the registration requirements of the Securities Act. Accordingly, we cannot give an estimate as to the amount of units that will be held by the selling unitholders upon termination of this offering. Other information about the selling unitholders may change over time. The selling unitholders include the individuals and entities identified in the following schedule and their pledges, donees (including charitable organizations), distributees, transferees, affiliates, or other successors-in-interest.
Number of Common Units Beneficially Owned |
Percentage of Common Units Beneficially Owned (3) |
Number of Common Units that May Be Sold | ||||||
Fargo Petroleum, L.L.C. (5)(7)(13) |
9,225,618 | (1) | 24.1 | % | 9,225,618 | |||
Fargo Transport, Inc. (6)(8)(13) |
1,565,690 | (1) | 4.1 | % | 1,565,690 | |||
Arkansas Transport Company, Inc. (9)(13) |
393,345 | (1) | 1.0 | % | 393,345 | |||
James E. Davison (12)(13) |
1,434,416 | (2) | 3.7 | % | 1,434,416 | |||
Terminal Services, Inc. (6)(10)(13) |
1,010,835 | (1) | 2.6 | % | 1,010,835 | |||
Ouachita Oil and Storage, Inc. (11)(13) |
423,581 | (1) | 1.1 | % | 423,581 | |||
Jack Young |
25,000 | (4 | ) | 25,000 | ||||
John A. Landers (14) |
12,250 | (4 | ) | 12,250 | ||||
William T. Hinton (14) |
6,975 | (4 | ) | 6,975 | ||||
C. Gray Hipp (14) |
6,975 | (4 | ) | 6,975 | ||||
Steven R. Nathanson (14) |
116,280 | (4 | ) | 116,280 | ||||
Matthew D. Vienne (14) |
1,162 | (4 | ) | 1,162 | ||||
James M. Woods (14) |
2,325 | (4 | ) | 2,325 | ||||
Elmer T. Wilson, Jr. (14) |
2,325 | (4 | ) | 2,325 | ||||
Rodney E. Plummer (14) |
25,000 | (4 | ) | 25,000 | ||||
James B. Colemen (14) |
1,162 | (4 | ) | 1,162 | ||||
Sid Moller (14) |
9,300 | (4 | ) | 9,300 | ||||
Gary Acklin (14) |
46,512 | (4 | ) | 46,512 | ||||
Melba Jones |
50,000 | (4 | ) | 50,000 | ||||
Paul L. Frazier (14) |
11,625 | (4 | ) | 11,625 |
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Number of Common Units Beneficially Owned |
Percentage of Common Units Beneficially Owned (3) |
Number of Common Units that May Be Sold | |||||
Dennis Ledet (14) |
6,975 | (4 | ) | 6,975 | |||
John McClendon (14) |
11,625 | (4 | ) | 11,625 | |||
Gregory C. Gossler (14) |
1,162 | (4 | ) | 1,162 | |||
Mark Davison |
232,560 | (4 | ) | 232,560 | |||
Catherine Davison Mills |
232,560 | (4 | ) | 232,560 | |||
Michael A. Brown |
2,325 | (4 | ) | 2,325 | |||
Pamela Stewart (14) |
11,625 | (4 | ) | 11,625 | |||
Marvis M. Robinson |
18,605 | (4 | ) | 18,605 | |||
Dwight Viereck (14) |
4,650 | (4 | ) | 4,650 | |||
Gary Joynor (14) |
1,162 | (4 | ) | 1,162 |
(1) | The following information is based on a Schedule 13D filed with the SEC on August 3, 2007. Each of James E. Davison, Jr., Steven K. Davison and Todd A. Davison own 33 1/3% of each of Fargo Petroleum, L.L.C., Fargo Transport, Inc. and Arkansas Transport Company, Inc. None of the Davisons is deemed to have any individual voting or dispositive power over the common units owned by any of those entities due to the requirement for a majority vote to take any action with respect to the common units held by each entity. Each of those entities has disclaimed beneficial ownership of any common units owned by the other two entities and any common units owned by Terminal Services, Inc., Ouachita Oil and Storage, Inc., or James E. Davison, an individual. James E. Davison, Jr., Steven K. Davison and Todd A. Davison, along with their father (James E. Davison), owned all or substantially all of the equity interests in the entities from which we acquired our refinery services business and certain other assets. Those individuals also constituted the senior management of such entities. James E. Davison, Jr. is a director of our general partner. |
(2) | The following information is based on a Schedule 13D filed with the SEC on August 3, 2007. James E. Davison owns 100% of Terminal Services, Inc., which is the record holder of 1,010,835 common units (or 2.6%), and Ouachita Oil and Storage, Inc. which is the record holder of 423,581 common units (or 1.1%). James E. Davison has sole voting and dispositive power over the common units owned by each of those entities. Each of James E. Davison, Terminal Services, Inc. and Ouachita Oil and Storage, Inc. has disclaimed beneficial ownership of any common units owned by each of Fargo Petroleum, L.L.C., Fargo Transport, Inc., Arkansas Transport Company, Inc., James E. Davison, Jr., Steven K. Davison and Todd A. Davison. James E. Davison is a director of our general partner. |
(3) | The beneficial ownership percentages were calculated based on 38,253,264 common units (including the 13,459,209 common units that are covered by this prospectus), the number of common units outstanding as of February 29, 2008. |
(4) | Less than 1%. |
(5) | Fargo Petroleum, L.L.C. owns a 10% interest in LP Mineral Owners, L.L.C. (Mineral Owners). We purchase crude oil from certain well operators who distribute the proceeds to the royalty interest holders, one of whom is Mineral Owners. Fargo Petroleum, L.L.C. and certain of its affiliates also provide aircraft transportation to Genesis Crude Oil, L.P. in accordance with an aircraft interchange agreement. |
(6) | In connection with the Davison acquisition, Fargo Transport, Inc. and Terminal Services, Inc., entered into an Employee Lease Agreement dated July 25, 2007, to provide for the lease of workers to us until December 31, 2007. |
(7) | Fargo Petroleum, L.L.C. was previously named Davison Petroleum Products, L.L.C. |
(8) | Fargo Transport, Inc. was previously named Davison Transport, Inc. |
(9) | Arkansas Transport Company, Inc. was previously named Transport Company. |
(10) | Terminal Services, Inc. was previously named Davison Terminal Service, Inc. |
(11) | Ouachita Oil and Storage, Inc. was previously Sunshine Oil and Storage, Inc. |
(12) | James E. Davison owns a 100% interest in Davison Motor Company. We purchase parts from Davison Motor Company for vehicle repair and maintenance. |
(13) | James E. Davison owns a 50% interest in Squire Creek Country Club & Development, LLC (Squire Creek). Each of James E. Davison, Jr., Steven K. Davison and Todd A. Davison own a 16 2/3% interest in Squire Creek. We have two corporate memberships and use the country club facilities of Squire Creek for entertaining business partners. |
(14) | Employee of an affiliate of Genesis. |
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The selling unitholders are parties to a registration rights agreement with us containing a lockup provision that limits the number of units they may offer and sell at certain times. They have the right now, under the registration rights agreement, to sell as a group, up to a total of 2,691,842 of their common units, which units are included in this registration statement. The registration rights agreement permits them to sell additional units as follows: on July 25, 2008, 2,691,842 units; in January 2009, 2,691,842 units; in July 2009, 4,037,762 units; and finally, in July 2010, the remaining 1,345,921 units registered in this Registration Statement. Under the terms of the registration rights agreement, we are not obligated to conduct an underwritten offering before July 1, 2008, any offering that would result in net proceeds of less than $30 million to the unitholders or an underwritten offering more than once during any calendar year.
The selling unitholders may offer and sell the common units offered by this prospectus or a prospectus supplement, as applicable, from time to time in one or more of the following transactions:
| through the American Stock Exchange or any other securities exchange that quotes our common units (including through underwritten offerings); |
| in the over-the-counter market; |
| in transactions other than on such exchanges or in the over-the-counter market (including negotiated transactions and other private transactions); |
| by pledge to secure debts and other obligations or on foreclosure of a pledge; |
| through put or call options, including the writing of traded call options, swaps or other hedging or derivative transactions related to the common units; or |
| in a combination of any of the above transactions. |
The selling unitholders also have advised us that the hedging transactions that may be entered into by the selling unitholders from time to time may include one or more of the following transactions, in which a selling unitholder may:
| enter into transactions with a broker-dealer or any other person in connection with which such broker-dealer or other person will engage in short sales of the common units under this prospectus, in which case such broker-dealer or other person may use common units received from the selling unitholder to close out its short positions; |
| enter into option or other types of transactions that require the selling unitholder to deliver common units to a broker-dealer or any other person, who will then resell or transfer the common units under this prospectus; or |
| loan or pledge the common units to a broker-dealer or any other person, who may sell the loaned common units or, in an event of default in the case of a pledge, sell the pledged common units under this prospectus. |
The selling unitholders have advised us that they may use broker-dealers or other persons to sell their common units in transactions that may include one or more of the following:
| a block trade in which a broker-dealer or other person may resell a portion of the block, as principal or agent, in order to facilitate the transaction; |
| purchases by a broker-dealer or other person, as principal, and resale by the broker-dealer or other person for its account; or |
| ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which a broker solicits purchasers. |
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From time to time, a selling unitholder may pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of the common units owned by it. If the selling unitholder defaults in performance of its secured obligations, the pledged or secured parties may offer and sell the common units from time to time by this prospectus. The selling unitholder also may transfer and donate common units in other circumstances. The number of common units beneficially owned by the selling unitholder will decrease as and when it transfers or donates its common units or defaults in performing obligations secured by its common units. The plan of distribution for the common units offered and sold under this prospectus will otherwise remain unchanged, except that the transferees, donees, distributes, pledgees, affiliates, other secured parties or other successors in interest will be selling unitholders for purposes of this prospectus.
Broker-dealers or other persons may receive discounts or commissions from the selling unitholders, or they may receive commissions from purchasers of common units for whom they acted as agents, or both. Any of such discounts or commissions might be in excess of those customary in the types of transactions involved. Broker-dealers or other persons engaged by the selling unitholders may allow other broker-dealers or other persons to participate in resales. The selling unitholders may agree to indemnify any broker-dealer or agent against certain liabilities related to the selling of the common units, including liabilities arising under the Securities Act. If a broker-dealer purchases common units as a principal, it may resell the common units for its own account under this prospectus. A distribution of the common units by the selling unitholders may also be effected through the issuance by the selling unitholders or others of derivative securities, including warrants, exchangeable securities, forward delivery contracts and the writing of options.
If the selling unitholders sell common units in an underwritten offering, the underwriters may acquire the common units for their own account and resell the common units from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. The selling unitholders may also authorize underwriters acting as their agents to offer and sell the common units on a continuous at-the-market basis. In any such event described above in this paragraph, we will set forth in a supplement to this prospectus the names of the underwriters and the terms of the transactions, including any underwriting discounts, concessions or commissions and other items constituting compensation of the underwriters and broker-dealers. The underwriters from time to time may change any public offering price and any discounts, concessions or commissions allowed or reallowed or paid to broker-dealers. Unless otherwise set forth in a supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the common units will be subject to certain conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all of the common units specified in the supplement if they purchase any of the common units.
The selling unitholders may enter into derivative transactions with third parties, or sell securities not covered by this prospectus to third parties in privately negotiated transactions. If the applicable prospectus supplement indicates, in connection with those derivatives, the third parties may sell securities covered by this prospectus and the applicable prospectus supplement, including in short sale transactions. If so, the third party may use securities pledged by the selling unitholders or borrowed from the selling unitholders or others to settle those sales or to close out any related open borrowings of securities, and may use securities received from the selling unitholders in settlement of those derivatives to close out any related open borrowings of securities. The third party in such sale transactions will be an underwriter and, if not identified in this prospectus, will be identified in the applicable prospectus supplement (or in a post-effective amendment to the registration statement).
The selling unitholders have advised us that they (or their underwriters, if applicable) may sell their common units at market prices prevailing at the time of sale, at prices related to such prevailing market prices, at negotiated prices or at fixed prices and that the transactions listed above may include cross or block transactions.
The aggregate proceeds to the selling unitholders from the sale of the common units will be the purchase price of the shares less the aggregate agents discounts or commissions, if any, and other expenses of the distribution not borne by us. The selling unitholders and any agent, broker or dealer that participates in sales of common units offered by this prospectus may be deemed underwriters under the Securities Act and any profits,
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commissions or other consideration received by any agent, broker or dealer may be considered underwriting discounts or commissions under the Securities Act. The selling unitholders have advised us that they may agree to indemnify any agent, broker or dealer that participates in sales of common units against liabilities arising under the Securities Act from sales of common units.
Instead of selling common units under this prospectus, the selling unitholders have advised us that they may sell common units in compliance with the provisions of Rule 144 or any other applicable exemption from registration under the Securities Act, if available.
If a prospectus supplement so indicates, the underwriters engaged in an offering of these securities may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of these securities at levels above those that might otherwise prevail in the open market. Specifically, the underwriters may over-allot in connection with the offering creating a short position in these securities for their own account. For the purposes of covering a syndicate short position or pegging, fixing or maintaining the price of these securities, the underwriters may place bids for these securities or effect purchases of these securities in the open market. A syndicate short position may also be covered by exercise of an over-allotment option, if one is granted to the underwriters. Finally, the underwriters may impose a penalty bid on certain underwriters and dealers. This means that the underwriting syndicate may reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing securities in transactions to cover syndicate short positions, in stabilization transactions or otherwise. The underwriters will not be required to engage in any of these activities and any such activities, if commenced, may be discontinued at any time.
If a prospectus supplement so indicates, a selling unitholder may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers by certain institutional investors to purchase these securities to which such prospectus supplement relates, providing for payment and delivery on a future date specified in such prospectus supplement. There may be limitations on the minimum amount that may be purchased by any such institutional investor or on the number of these securities that may be sold pursuant to such arrangements. Institutional investors include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and such other institutions as we may approve. Agents, dealers or underwriters will not have any responsibility in respect of the validity of such arrangements or our performance or such institutional investors thereunder.
Any of the selling unitholders underwriters or agents or any of either of their affiliates may be customers of, engage in transactions with and perform services for us, and/or one or more of the selling unitholders or their affiliates in the ordinary course of business.
We have informed the selling unitholders that during such time as they may be engaged in a distribution of the common units they are required to comply with Regulation M under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. With exceptions, Regulation M prohibits the selling unitholders, any affiliated purchasers and other persons who participate in such a distribution from bidding for or purchasing, or attempting to induce any person to bid for or purchase, any security which is the subject of the distribution until the entire distribution is complete.
We have informed the selling unitholders that they are legally required to deliver copies of this prospectus in connection with any sale of common units made under this prospectus in accordance with applicable prospectus delivery requirements.
The common units originally issued by us to the selling unitholders bear legends as to their restricted transferability. Upon the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is part, and the transfer by the selling unitholder of any of the common units pursuant to this prospectus, to the extent new certificates representing those common units are issued, such new certificates will be issued free of any such legends unless otherwise required by law.
Additional information related to the selling unitholders and the plan of distribution may be provided in one or more prospectus supplements.
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WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and other reports and other information with the Commission. You may read and copy documents we file at the Commissions public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for information on the public reference room. You can also find our filings at the Commissions website at http://www.sec.gov and on our website at http://www.genesiscrudeoil.com. Information contained on our website is not part of this prospectus. In addition, our reports and other information concerning us can be inspected at the American Stock Exchange, 86 Trinity Place, New York, New York 10006.
The Commission allows us to incorporate by reference the information we have filed with the Commission, which means that we can disclose important information to you without actually including the specific information in this prospectus by referring you to those documents. The information incorporated by reference is an important part of this prospectus and later information that we file with the Commission will automatically update and supersede this information. Therefore, before you decide to invest in a particular offering under this shelf registration, you should always check for reports we may have filed with the Commission after the date of this prospectus. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any future filings we make with the Commission under Sections 13(a), 14, or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 which is deemed filed with the Commission until we sell all of the securities offered by this prospectus, other than documents or information therein deemed to have been furnished and not filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and is not incorporated in this prospectus:
| Annual Report on Form 10-K and 10-K/A for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007; and |
| Current Reports on Form 8-K filed January 4, 2008 and April 1, 2008. |
We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom this prospectus is delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any document incorporated by reference in this prospectus, other than exhibits to any such document not specifically described above. Requests for such documents should be directed to:
Investor Relations
Genesis Energy, L.P.
500 Dallas, Suite 2500
Houston, Texas 77002
(713) 860-2500 or (800) 284-3365
We intend to furnish or make available to our unitholders within 90 days (or such shorter period as the Commission may prescribe) following the close of our fiscal year end annual reports containing audited financial statements prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and furnish or make available within 45 days (or such shorter period as the Commission may prescribe) following the close of each fiscal quarter quarterly reports containing unaudited interim financial information, including the information required by Form 10-Q for the first three fiscal quarters of each of our fiscal years. Our annual report will include a description of any transactions with our general partner or its affiliates, and of fees, commissions, compensation and other benefits paid, or accrued to our general partner or its affiliates for the fiscal year completed, including the amount paid or accrued to each recipient and the services performed.
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INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
The statements in this prospectus and the documents incorporated in this prospectus by reference that are not historical information may be forward looking statements within the meaning of the various provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements, other than historical facts, included in this prospectus and the documents incorporated in this prospectus by reference that address activities, events or developments that we expect or anticipate will or may occur in the future, including things such as plans for growth of the business, future capital expenditures, competitive strengths, goals, references to future goals or intentions and other such references are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are identified as any statement that does not relate strictly to historical or current facts. They use words such as anticipate, believe, continue, estimate, expect, forecast, intend, may, plan, position, projection, strategy or will or the negative of those terms or other variations of them or by comparable terminology. In particular, statements, expressed or implied, concerning future actions, conditions or events or future operating results or the ability to generate sales, income or cash flow are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of performance. They involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Future actions, conditions or events and future results of operations may differ materially from those expressed in these forward-looking statements. Many of the factors that will determine these results are beyond our ability or the ability of our affiliates to control or predict. Specific factors that could cause actual results to differ from those in the forward-looking statements include:
| demand for, the supply of, changes in forecast data for, and price trends related to crude oil, liquid petroleum, natural gas and natural gas liquids or NGLs, sodium hydrosulfide and caustic soda in the United States, all of which may be affected by economic activity, capital expenditures by energy producers, weather, alternative energy sources, international events, conservation and technological advances; |
| throughput levels and rates; |
| changes in, or challenges to, our tariff rates; |
| our ability to successfully identify and consummate strategic acquisitions, make cost saving changes in operations and integrate acquired assets or businesses into our existing operations; |
| service interruptions in our liquids transportation systems, natural gas transportation systems or natural gas gathering and processing operations; |
| shut-downs or cutbacks at refineries, petrochemical plants, utilities or other businesses for which we transport crude oil, natural gas or other products or to whom we sell such products; |
| changes in laws or regulations to which we are subject; |
| our inability to borrow or otherwise access funds needed for operations, expansions or capital expenditures as a result of existing debt agreements that contain restrictive financial covenants; |
| loss of key personnel; |
| the effects of competition, in particular, by other pipeline systems; |
| hazards and operating risks that may not be covered fully by insurance; |
| the condition of the capital markets in the United States; |
| the loss of key customers; |
| the political and economic stability of the oil producing nations of the world; and |
| general economic conditions, including rates of inflation and interest rates. |
You should not put undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. When considering forward-looking statements, please review the risk factors described under Risk Factors beginning on page 3 of this prospectus. Except as required by applicable securities laws, we do not intend to update these forward-looking statements and information.
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Akin Gump Strauss Hauer & Feld LLP, as our counsel, will issue an opinion for us about the legality of the securities and the material federal income tax considerations regarding the common units. Any underwriter will be advised about other issues relating to any offering by its own legal counsel.
The consolidated financial statements and the related financial statement schedule incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from Genesis Energy, L.P.s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007, and the effectiveness of Genesis Energy, L.P.s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007 have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their reports, which are incorporated herein by reference (which reports (1) express an unqualified opinion on the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule and include an explanatory paragraph referring to the changes in methods of accounting for equity-based payments and asset retirement obligations and (2) express an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting). Such consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule have been so incorporated in reliance upon the reports of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
The financial statements of T&P Syngas Supply Company, incorporated in this Prospectus by reference from Genesis Energy, L.P.s Annual Report on Form 10-K/A for the year ended December 31, 2007 have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, independent auditors, as stated in their report, which is incorporated herein by reference. Such financial statements have been so incorporated in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
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6,250,000 Common Units
Representing
Limited Partner Interests
PROSPECTUS
March 16, 2010
Wells Fargo Securities
BofA Merrill Lynch
UBS Investment Bank
RBC Capital Markets
Deutsche Bank Securities
Morgan Keegan & Company, Inc.