As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 14, 2013.
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 20-F
ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012
Commission file number 1-12260
Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Not Applicable
(Translation of registrants name into English)
United Mexican States
(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
Calle Mario Pani No. 100,
Santa Fe Cuajimalpa,
05348, México, D.F., México
(Address of principal executive offices)
José Castro
Calle Mario Pani No. 100
Santa Fe Cuajimalpa
05348 México, D.F., México
(52-55) 1519-5120/5121
krelations@kof.com.mx
(Name, telephone, e-mail and/or facsimile number and address of company contact person)
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class |
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered | |
American Depositary shares, each representing 10 Series L shares, without par value |
New York Stock Exchange, Inc. | |
Series L shares, without par value |
New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (not for trading, for listing purposes only) |
Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act:
None
The number of outstanding shares of each class of capital or common stock as of December 31, 2012 was:
992,078,519 | Series A shares, without par value | |
583,545,678 | Series D shares, without par value | |
454,920,107 | Series L shares, without par value |
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
x Yes |
¨ | No |
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
¨ Yes |
x | No |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). N/A
¨ Yes |
¨ | No |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
x Yes |
¨ | No |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large Accelerated filer x |
Accelerated filer ¨ | Non-accelerated filer ¨ |
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing:
U.S. GAAP ¨ |
IFRS x | Other ¨ |
If Other has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow.
¨ Item 17 |
¨ | Item 18 |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
¨ Yes |
x | No |
1
References
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms Coca-Cola FEMSA, our company, we, us and our are used in this annual report to refer to Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis.
References herein to U.S. dollars, US$, dollars or $ are to the lawful currency of the United States of America. References herein to Mexican pesos or Ps. are to the lawful currency of Mexico.
Sparkling beverages as used in this annual report refers to non-alcoholic carbonated beverages. Still beverages refers to non-alcoholic non-carbonated beverages. Non-flavored waters, whether or not carbonated, are referred to as waters.
References to Coca-Cola trademark beverages in this annual report refer to products described in Item 4. Information on the CompanyThe CompanyOur Products.
Currency Translations and Estimates
This annual report contains translations of certain Mexican peso amounts into U.S. dollars at specified rates solely for the convenience of the reader. These translations should not be construed as representations that the Mexican peso amounts actually represent such U.S. dollar amounts or could be converted into U.S. dollars at the rate indicated. Unless otherwise indicated, such U.S. dollar amounts have been translated from Mexican pesos at an exchange rate of Ps.12.96 to US$ 1.00, the exchange rate for Mexican pesos on December 31, 2012, the last day in 2012 for which information is available, according to the U.S. Federal Reserve Board. On March 8, 2013, this exchange rate was Ps. 12.65 to US$ 1.00. See Item 3. Key InformationExchange Rate Information for information regarding exchange rates since January 1, 2008.
To the extent that estimates are contained in this annual report, we believe such estimates, which are based on internal data, are reliable. Amounts in this annual report are rounded, and the totals may therefore not precisely equal the sum of the numbers presented.
Sources
Certain information contained in this annual report has been computed based upon statistics prepared by the Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía of Mexico (the National Institute of Statistics and Geography), the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, the U.S. Federal Reserve Board, the Banco de México (the Central Bank of Mexico), the Comisión Nacional Bancaria y de Valores of Mexico (the National Banking and Securities Commission, or the CNBV), local entities in each country and upon our estimates.
Forward-Looking Information
This annual report contains words such as believe, expect, anticipate and similar expressions that identify forward-looking statements. Use of these words reflects our views about future events and financial performance. Actual results could differ materially from those projected in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors that may be beyond our control, including, but not limited to, effects on our company from changes in our relationship with The Coca-Cola Company, movements in the prices of raw materials, competition, significant developments in economic or political conditions in Latin America or changes in our regulatory environment. Accordingly, we caution readers not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. In any event, these statements speak only as of their respective dates, and we undertake no obligation to update or revise any of them, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Item 1. Identity of Directors, Senior Management and Advisers
Not applicable.
2
Item 2. Offer Statistics and Expected Timetable
Not applicable.
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
We prepared our consolidated financial statements included in this annual report in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), referred to herein as IFRS. Our date of transition to IFRS was January 1, 2011. These consolidated annual financial statements are our first financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. IFRS 1, First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, has been applied in preparing these financial statements. Note 27 to our audited consolidated financial statements contains an explanation of our adoption of IFRS and reconciliation between Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (Normas de Información Financiera Mexicanas, or Mexican FRS) and IFRS as of January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2011 and for the year ended December 31, 2011.
This annual report includes (under Item 18) our audited consolidated statements of financial position as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and January 1, 2011 and the related consolidated income statements, consolidated statements of comprehensive income, consolidated statements of changes in equity and consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012 were prepared in accordance with IFRS. The consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011 were prepared in accordance with IFRS, but they differ from the information previously published for 2011 because they were originally presented in accordance with Mexican FRS.
Pursuant to IFRS, the information presented in this annual report presents financial information for 2012 and 2011 in nominal terms that has been presented in Mexican pesos, taking into account local inflation of each hyperinflationary economic environment and converting from local currency to Mexican pesos using the official exchange rate at the end of the period published by the local central bank of each country categorized as an hyperinflationary economic environment. For each non-hyperinflationary economic environment, local currency is converted to Mexican pesos using the year-end exchange rate for assets and liabilities, the historical exchange rate for equity and the average exchange rate for the income statement.
Our non-Mexican subsidiaries maintain their accounting records in the currency and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the country where they are located. For presentation in our consolidated financial statements, we adjust these accounting records into IFRS and report in Mexican pesos under these standards.
Except when specifically indicated, information in the annual report on Form 20-F is presented as of December 31, 2012 and does not give effect to acquisitions subsequent to that date.
The following table presents selected financial information of our company. This information should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our audited consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto. The selected financial information contained herein is presented on a consolidated basis, and is not necessarily indicative of our financial position or results at or for any future date or period. See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements for our significant accounting policies.
3
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2012(1) (2) | 2012(2) | 2011(3) | ||||||||||
(in millions of Mexican pesos or millions of U.S. dollars, except ratio, share and per share data) |
||||||||||||
Income Statement Data: |
||||||||||||
IFRS |
||||||||||||
Total revenues |
US$ | 11,396 | Ps. | 147,739 | Ps. | 123,224 | ||||||
Cost of goods sold |
6,102 | 79,109 | 66,693 | |||||||||
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Gross profit |
5,294 | 68,630 | 56,531 | |||||||||
Administrative expenses |
480 | 6,217 | 5,140 | |||||||||
Selling expenses |
3,103 | 40,223 | 32,093 | |||||||||
Other income |
42 | 545 | 685 | |||||||||
Other expenses |
115 | 1,497 | 2,060 | |||||||||
Interest expenses |
151 | 1,955 | 1,729 | |||||||||
Interest income |
33 | 424 | 616 | |||||||||
Foreign exchange gain, net |
21 | 272 | 61 | |||||||||
Gain on monetary position for subsidiaries in hyperinflationary economies |
| | 61 | |||||||||
Market value (gain) loss on financial instruments |
(1 | ) | (13 | ) | 138 | |||||||
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Income before income taxes and share of the profit of associated companies and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method |
1,542 | 19,992 | 16,794 | |||||||||
Income taxes |
484 | 6,274 | 5,667 | |||||||||
Share of the profit of associated companies and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method, net of taxes |
14 | 180 | 86 | |||||||||
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Consolidated net income |
1,072 | 13,898 | 11,213 | |||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
1,028 | 13,333 | 10,662 | |||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
44 | 565 | 551 | |||||||||
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Consolidated net income |
1,072 | 13,898 | 11,213 | |||||||||
Ratio to Revenues (%) |
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Gross margin |
46.5 | 45.9 | ||||||||||
Net income margin |
9.4 | 9.1 | ||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: |
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IFRS |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
US$ | 1,791 | Ps. | 23,222 | Ps. | 11,843 | ||||||
Marketable securities |
1 | 12 | 330 | |||||||||
Accounts receivable, net, Inventories, Recoverable taxes, Other current financial assets and Other current assets |
1,749 | 22,663 | 20,551 | |||||||||
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Total current assets |
3,541 | 45,897 | 32,724 | |||||||||
Investment in associated companies and joint ventures |
413 | 5,352 | 3,656 | |||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
3,280 | 42,517 | 38,102 |
4
Intangible assets, net |
5,169 | 67,013 | 62,163 | |||||||||
Deferred tax, other non-current financial assets and other non-current assets, net |
411 | 5,324 | 5,093 | |||||||||
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Total assets |
12,814 | 166,103 | 141,738 | |||||||||
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Bank loans and notes payable |
324 | 4,194 | 638 | |||||||||
Current portion of non-current debt |
73 | 945 | 4,902 | |||||||||
Interest payable |
15 | 194 | 206 | |||||||||
Other current liabilities |
1,867 | 24,217 | 20,029 | |||||||||
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Total current liabilities |
2,279 | 29,550 | 25,775 | |||||||||
Bank loans and notes payable |
1,911 | 24,775 | 16,821 | |||||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
537 | 6,950 | 6,061 | |||||||||
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Total non-current liabilities |
2,448 | 31,725 | 22,882 | |||||||||
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Total liabilities |
4,727 | 61,275 | 48,657 | |||||||||
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Total equity |
8,087 | 104,828 | 93,081 | |||||||||
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries |
245 | 3,179 | 3,053 | |||||||||
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent |
7,842 | 101,649 | 90,028 | |||||||||
Financial Ratios (%) |
||||||||||||
Current(5) |
1.55 | 1.27 | ||||||||||
Leverage(6) |
0.58 | 0.52 | ||||||||||
Capitalization(7) |
0.23 | 0.20 | ||||||||||
Coverage(8) |
15.45 | 12.48 | ||||||||||
Share Data |
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A Shares |
992,078,519 | 992,078,519 | ||||||||||
D Shares |
583,545,678 | 583,545,678 | ||||||||||
L Shares |
454,920,107 | 334,406,004 | ||||||||||
Number of outstanding shares |
2,030,544,304 | 1,910,030,201 | ||||||||||
Data per share (U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos) |
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Book Value(9) |
3.86 | 50.06 | 45.34 | |||||||||
Earnings per share(10) |
0.51 | 6.62 | 5.72 | |||||||||
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges |
9.81 | 8.09 |
(1) | Translation to U.S. dollar amounts at an exchange rate of Ps. 12.96 to US$ 1.00 solely for the convenience of the reader. |
(2) | Includes results of Grupo Fomento Queretano from May 2012. See Item 4Information on the CompanyThe CompanyCorporate History. |
(3) | Includes results of Grupo Tampico from October 2011 and from Grupo CIMSA from December 2011. See Item 4Information on the CompanyThe CompanyCorporate History. |
(4) | Includes investments in property, plant and equipment, refrigeration equipment and returnable bottles and cases, net of property, plant and equipment retirement. |
(5) | Computed by dividing Total current assets by Total current liabilities. |
(6) | Computed by dividing Total liabilities by Total equity. |
(7) | Computed by adding Current bank loans and notes payable, Current portion of non-current debt and Non-current bank loans and notes payable, and dividing such sum by the sum of Total equity and Non-current bank loans and notes payable. |
(8) | Computed by dividing Net cash flows from operating activities by the difference between Interest expense and Interest income. |
(9) | Based on 2,030.54 million and 1,985.45 million ordinary shares as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
(10) | Computed of the basis of the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period: 2,015.14 and 1,865.55 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively. |
5
The following table sets forth the nominal amount in Mexican pesos of dividends declared and paid per share each year and the U.S. dollar amounts on a per share basis actually paid to holders of American Depositary Shares, which we refer to as ADSs, on each of the respective payment dates.
Fiscal Year with Respect to which Dividend was Declared |
Date Dividend Paid | Mexican Pesos per Share (Nominal) |
U.S. Dollars per Share(1) |
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2009 |
April 26, 2010 | 1.410 | 0.116 | |||||||
2010 |
April 27, 2011 | 2.360 | 0.204 | |||||||
2011 |
May 30, 2012 | 2.770 | 0.121 | |||||||
2012(2) |
May 2, 2013 and | 1.45 | (4 | ) | ||||||
November 5, 2013(3) | 1.45 |
(1) | Expressed in U.S. dollars using the exchange rate applicable when the dividend was paid. |
(2) | The dividend payment declared for the fiscal year 2012 was divided into two equal payments. The first payment is estimated to be payable after May 2, 2013, and the second payment is estimated to be payable after November 5, 2013. |
(3) | Estimated payment date since dividends for 2012 have not been paid at the time of this annual report. |
(4) | Since dividends for 2012 have not been paid at the time of this annual report, the U.S. dollar per share amount has not been determined. |
The declaration, amount and payment of dividends are subject to approval by a simple majority of the shareholders up to an amount equivalent to 20% of the preceding years retained earnings and by a majority of the shareholders of each of the Series A and Series D shares voting together as a single class above 20% of the preceding years retained earnings, generally upon the recommendation of our board of directors, and will depend upon our results, financial condition, capital requirements, general business conditions and the requirements of Mexican law. Accordingly, our historical dividend payments are not necessarily indicative of future dividends.
Holders of Series L shares, including in the form of ADSs, are not entitled to vote on the declaration and payments of dividends.
6
The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high, low, average and period-end exchange rate expressed in Mexican pesos per U.S. dollar.
Period |
Exchange Rate | |||||||||||||||
High | Low | Average(1) | End of Period |
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2008 |
Ps | .13.94 | Ps. | 9.92 | Ps. | 11.21 | Ps.13.83 | |||||||||
2009 |
15.41 | 12.63 | 13.58 | 13.06 | ||||||||||||
2010 |
13.19 | 12.16 | 12.64 | 12.38 | ||||||||||||
2011 |
14.25 | 11.51 | 12.43 | 13.95 | ||||||||||||
2012 |
14.37 | 12.63 | 13.14 | 12.96 |
Source: U.S. Federal Reserve Board.
(1) | Average month-end rates. |
Exchange Rate | ||||||||||||
High | Low | End of Period | ||||||||||
2011: |
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First Quarter |
Ps.12.25 | Ps.11.92 | Ps.11.92 | |||||||||
Second Quarter |
11.97 | 11.51 | 11.72 | |||||||||
Third Quarter |
13.87 | 11.57 | 13.77 | |||||||||
Fourth Quarter |
14.25 | 13.10 | 13.95 | |||||||||
2012: |
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First Quarter |
Ps.13.75 | Ps.12.63 | Ps.12.81 | |||||||||
Second Quarter |
14.37 | 12.73 | 13.41 | |||||||||
Third Quarter |
13.72 | 12.74 | 12.86 | |||||||||
Fourth Quarter |
13.25 | 12.71 | 12.96 | |||||||||
September |
13.18 | 12.74 | 12.86 | |||||||||
October |
13.09 | 12.71 | 13.09 | |||||||||
November |
13.25 | 12.92 | 12.92 | |||||||||
December |
13.01 | 12.72 | 12.96 | |||||||||
2013: |
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January |
Ps.12.79 | Ps.12.59 | Ps.12.73 | |||||||||
February |
12.88 | 12.63 | 12.78 |
Source: U.S. Federal Reserve Board.
On March 8, 2013, the exchange rate was Ps. 12.65 to US$ 1.00, according to the U.S. Federal Reserve Board.
We pay all cash dividends in Mexican pesos. As a result, exchange rate fluctuations will affect the U.S. dollar amounts received by holders of our ADSs, which represent ten Series L shares, on conversion by the depositary for our ADSs of cash dividends on the shares represented by such ADSs. In addition, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the Mexican peso and the U.S. dollar would affect the market price of our ADSs.
7
Risks Related to Our Company
Our business depends on our relationship with The Coca-Cola Company, and changes in this relationship may adversely affect our results and financial condition.
Substantially all of our sales are derived from sales of Coca-Cola trademark beverages. We produce, market, sell and distribute Coca-Cola trademark beverages through standard bottler agreements in certain territories in Mexico and Latin America, which we refer to as our territories. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyThe CompanyOur Territories. Through its rights under our bottler agreements and as a large shareholder, The Coca-Cola Company has the right to participate in the process for making important decisions related to our business.
The Coca-Cola Company may unilaterally set the price for its concentrate. In addition, under our bottler agreements, we are prohibited from bottling or distributing any other beverages without The Coca-Cola Companys authorization or consent, and we may not transfer control of the bottler rights of any of our territories without prior consent from The Coca-Cola Company.
The Coca-Cola Company also makes significant contributions to our marketing expenses, although it is not required to contribute a particular amount. Accordingly, The Coca-Cola Company may discontinue or reduce such contributions at any time.
We depend on The Coca-Cola Company to renew our bottler agreements. As of December 31, 2012, we had eight bottler agreements in Mexico: (i) the agreements for Mexicos Valley territory, which expire in June 2013 and April 2016, (ii) the agreements for the Central territory, which expire in August 2013, May 2015 and July 2016, (iii) the agreement for the Northeast territory, which expires in September 2014, (iv) the agreement for the Bajio territory, which expires in May 2015, and (v) the agreement for the Southeast territory, which expires in June 2013. Our bottler agreements with The Coca-Cola Company will expire for our territories in other countries as follows: Argentina in September 2014; Brazil in April 2014; Colombia in June 2014; Venezuela in August 2016; Guatemala in March 2015; Costa Rica in September 2017; Nicaragua in May 2016 and Panama in November 2014. All of our bottler agreements are automatically renewable for ten-year terms, subject to the right of either party to give prior notice that it does not wish to renew the applicable agreement. In addition, these agreements generally may be terminated in the case of material breach. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyBottler Agreements. Termination would prevent us from selling Coca-Cola trademark beverages in the affected territory and would have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results and prospects.
The Coca-Cola Company and FEMSA have substantial influence on the conduct of our business, which may result in us taking actions contrary to the interests of our remaining shareholders.
The Coca-Cola Company and Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V., which we refer to as FEMSA, have substantial influence on the conduct of our business. As of March 8, 2013, The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owned 28.7% of our outstanding capital stock, representing 37.0% of our capital stock with full voting rights. The Coca-Cola Company is entitled to appoint five of our maximum of 21 directors and the vote of at least two of them is required to approve certain actions by our board of directors. As of March 8, 2013, FEMSA indirectly owned 48.9% of our outstanding capital stock, representing 63.0% of our capital stock with full voting rights. FEMSA is entitled to appoint 13 of our maximum of 21 directors and all of our executive officers. The Coca-Cola Company and FEMSA together, or only FEMSA in certain circumstances, have the power to determine the outcome of all actions requiring approval by our board of directors, and FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company together, or only FEMSA in certain circumstances, have the power to determine the outcome of all actions requiring approval of our shareholders. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor ShareholdersThe Shareholders Agreement. The interests of The Coca-Cola Company and FEMSA may be different from the interests of our remaining shareholders, which may result in us taking actions contrary to the interests of our remaining shareholders.
8
Competition could adversely affect our financial performance.
The beverage industry in the territories in which we operate is highly competitive. We face competition from other bottlers of sparkling beverages, such as Pepsi products, and from producers of low cost beverages or B brands. We also compete in beverage categories other than sparkling beverages, such as water, juice-based beverages, teas, sport drinks and value-added dairy products. Although competitive conditions are different in each of our territories, we compete principally in terms of price, packaging, consumer sales promotions, customer service and product innovation. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyThe CompanyCompetition. There can be no assurances that we will be able to avoid lower pricing as a result of competitive pressure. Lower pricing, changes made in response to competition and changes in consumer preferences may have an adverse effect on our financial performance.
Changes in consumer preference could reduce demand for some of our products.
The non-alcoholic beverage industry is rapidly evolving as a result of, among other things, changes in consumer preferences. Specifically, consumers are becoming increasingly more aware of and concerned about environmental and health issues. Concerns over the environmental impact of plastic may reduce the consumption of our products sold in plastic bottles or result in additional taxes that would adversely affect consumer demand. In addition, researchers, health advocates and dietary guidelines are encouraging consumers to reduce their consumption of certain types of beverages sweetened with sugar and High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), which could reduce demand for certain of our products. A reduction in consumer demand would adversely affect our results.
Water shortages or any failure to maintain existing concessions could adversely affect our business.
Water is an essential component of all of our products. We obtain water from various sources in our territories, including springs, wells, rivers and municipal and state water companies pursuant to either concessions granted by governments in our various territories or pursuant to contracts.
We obtain the vast majority of the water used in our production pursuant to concessions to use wells, which are generally granted based on studies of the existing and projected groundwater supply. Our existing water concessions or contracts to obtain water may be terminated by governmental authorities under certain circumstances and their renewal depends on receiving necessary authorizations from local and/or federal water authorities. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyRegulationWater Supply. In some of our other territories, our existing water supply may not be sufficient to meet our future production needs, and the available water supply may be adversely affected by shortages or changes in governmental regulations and environmental changes.
We cannot assure you that water will be available in sufficient quantities to meet our future production needs or will prove sufficient to meet our water supply needs.
Increases in the prices of raw materials would increase our cost of goods sold and may adversely affect our results.
In addition to water, our most significant raw materials are (1) concentrate, which we acquire from affiliates of The Coca-Cola Company, (2) sweeteners and (3) packaging materials. Prices for sparkling beverages concentrate are determined by The Coca-Cola Company as a percentage of the weighted average retail price in local currency, net of applicable taxes. We cannot assure you that The Coca-Cola Company will not increase the price of the concentrate for sparkling beverages or change the manner in which such price will be calculated in the future. The prices for our remaining raw materials are driven by market prices and local availability, the imposition of import duties and restrictions and fluctuations in exchange rates. We are also required to meet all of our supply needs from suppliers approved by The Coca-Cola Company, which may limit the number of suppliers available to us. Our sales prices are denominated in the local currency in each country in which we operate, while the prices of certain materials, including those used in the bottling of our products, mainly resin, preforms to make plastic bottles, finished plastic bottles, aluminum cans and HFCS, are paid in or determined with reference to the U.S. dollar, and therefore may increase if the U.S. dollar appreciates against the currency of the countries in which we operate, as was the case in 2008 and 2009. In 2011, the U.S. dollar did not appreciate against the currencies of most of the countries in which we operated; however, in 2012, the U.S. dollar did appreciate against some of those currencies. We cannot anticipate whether the U.S. dollar will appreciate or depreciate with respect to such currencies in the future. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyThe CompanyRaw Materials.
9
Our most significant packaging raw material costs arise from the purchase of resin and plastic preforms to make plastic bottles and from the purchase of finished plastic bottles, the prices of which are tied to crude oil prices and global resin supply. The average prices that we paid for resin and plastic preforms in U.S. dollars were lower in 2012, as compared to 2011. We cannot provide any assurance that prices will not increase in future periods. During 2012, average sweetener prices, as a whole, were lower as compared to 2011 in all of the countries in which we operate. From 2009 through 2012, international sugar prices were volatile due to various factors, including shifting demands, availability and climate issues affecting production and distribution. In all of the countries in which we operate, other than Brazil, sugar prices are subject to local regulations and other barriers to market entry that cause us to pay in excess of international market prices. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyThe CompanyRaw Materials. We cannot assure you that our raw material prices will not further increase in the future. Increases in the prices of raw materials would increase our cost of goods sold and adversely affect our financial performance.
Taxes could adversely affect our business.
The countries in which we operate may adopt new tax laws or modify existing laws to increase taxes applicable to our business. For example, in Mexico, a general tax reform became effective on January 1, 2010, pursuant to which, as applicable to us, there was a temporary increase in the income tax rate from 28% to 30% from 2010 through 2012. Pursuant to an amendment issued at the end of 2012, the 30% income tax rate will continue to apply through 2013. In addition, the value added tax (VAT) rate in Mexico increased in 2010 from 15% to 16%.
In Panama, there was an increase in a certain consumer tax, effective as of April 1, 2010, affecting syrups, powders and concentrate. Some of these materials are used for the production of our sparkling beverages. These taxes increased from 6% to 10%.
In November 2012, the government of the Province of Buenos Aires adopted Law No. 14,394, which increased the tax rate applied to product sales within the Province of Buenos Aires. If the products are manufactured in plants located in the territory of the Province of Buenos Aires, Law No. 14,394 increases the tax rate from 1% to 1.75%; if the products are manufactured in any other Argentine province, the law increases the tax rate from 3% to 4%.
In Brazil, the federal taxes applied on the production and sale of beverages are based on the national average retail price, calculated based on a yearly survey of each Brazilian beverage brand, combined with a fixed tax rate and a multiplier specific for each class of presentation (glass, plastic or can). On October 1, 2012, a number of changes to the Brazilian tax rate became effective. These changes include increases in the multipliers used to calculate soft drink taxes when presented in cans or glasses. Upon effectiveness, the multiplier for cans increased from 30.0% to 31.9%, and beginning in September 2014, the multiplier will gradually increase up to 38.1% in October 1, 2018. The multiplier for glasses increased from 35.0% to 37.2%, and beginning in September 2014, the multiplier will gradually increase up to 44.4% in October 1, 2018. In addition, the amendment suspended the 50% production tax benefit that had previously applied to juice-added soft drinks, and raised the rate for such beverages to the level currently applied to cola beverages. The amendments that benefited our company were the reduction of the production tax on concentrate, from 27.0% to 20.0%, and the elimination of the sale tax on mineral water (sparkling or still).
Our products are also subject to certain taxes in many of the countries in which we operate. Certain countries in Central America, Brazil and Argentina also impose taxes on sparkling beverages. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyRegulationTaxation of Sparkling Beverages. We cannot assure you that any governmental authority in any country where we operate will not impose new taxes or increase taxes on our products in the future. The imposition of new taxes or increases in taxes on our products may have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, prospects and results.
Regulatory developments may adversely affect our business.
We are subject to regulation in each of the territories in which we operate. The principal areas in which we are subject to regulation are water, environment, labor, taxation, health and antitrust. Regulation can also affect our ability to set prices for our products. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyRegulation. The adoption of new laws or regulations or a stricter interpretation or enforcement thereof in the countries in which we operate may increase our operating costs or impose restrictions on our operations which, in turn, may adversely affect our financial condition, business and results. In particular, environmental standards are becoming more stringent in several of the countries in which we operate, and we are in the process of complying with these standards, although we cannot assure you that we will be able to meet any timelines for compliance established by the relevant regulatory authorities. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyRegulationEnvironmental Matters. Further changes in current regulations may result in an increase in compliance costs, which may have an adverse effect on our future results or financial condition.
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Voluntary price restraints or statutory price controls have been imposed historically in several of the countries in which we operate. Currently, there are no price controls on our products in any of the territories in which we have operations, except for those in (i) Argentina, where authorities directly supervise certain products sold through supermarkets to control inflation; and (ii) Venezuela, where the government has recently imposed price controls on certain products including bottled water. The imposition of these restrictions or voluntary price restraints in other territories may have an adverse effect on our results and financial position. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyRegulationPrice Controls. We cannot assure you that governmental authorities in any country where we operate will not impose statutory price controls or that we will not need to implement voluntary price restraints in the future.
In January 2010, the Venezuelan government amended the Ley para la Defensa y Acceso a las Personas a los Bienes y Servicios (Access to Goods and Services Defense Law). Any violation by a company that produces, distributes and sells goods and services could lead to fines, penalties or the confiscation of the assets used to produce, distribute and sell these goods without compensation. Although we believe we are in compliance with this law, consumer protection laws in Venezuela are subject to continuing review and changes, and any such changes may have an adverse impact on us.
In July 2011, the Venezuelan government passed the Ley de Costos y Precios Justos (Fair Costs and Prices Law). The purpose of this law is to establish the regulations and administrative processes necessary to maintain the price stability of, and equal access to, goods and services. The law also creates the National Ministry of Costs and Prices, the main role of which is to oversee price controls and set maximum retail prices on certain consumer goods and services. Of our products, only certain of our bottled water beverages were affected by these regulations, which mandated lower sale prices as of April 2012. Any failure to comply with this law would result in fines, temporary suspension or the closure of operations. We cannot assure you that the Venezuelan governments future regulation of goods and services will not result in a forced reduction of prices in other of our products, which could have a negative effect on our results of operations.
In May 2012, the Venezuelan government adopted significant changes to labor regulations. This amendment to Venezuelas labor regulations could have a negative impact on our business and operations. The principal changes that impact our operations are: (i) the requirement that employee terminations are now subject to governmental authorization; (ii) retroactive assessments for any modifications to our severance payment system; (iii) the reduction of the maximum daily and weekly work hours (from 44 to 40 weekly); and (iv) the increase in obligatory weekly breaks, prohibiting any corresponding reduction in salaries.
In January 2012, the Costa Rican government approved a decree which regulates the sale of food and beverages in schools. The decree came into effect in 2012. Enforcement of this law will be gradual, from 2012 to 2014, depending on the specific characteristics of the food and beverage in question. According to the decree, the sale of specific sparkling beverages and still beverages that contain sugar, syrup or HFCS in any type of presentation in schools is prohibited. We will still be allowed to sell water and certain still beverages in schools. We cannot assure you that the Costa Rican government will not further restrict sales of other of our products in schools in the future; any such further restrictions could lead to an adverse impact on our results of operations.
Our operations have from time to time been subject to investigations and proceedings by antitrust authorities, and litigation relating to alleged anticompetitive practices. We have also been subject to investigations and proceedings on environmental and labor matters. We cannot assure you that these investigations and proceedings will not have an adverse effect on our results or financial condition. See Item 8. Financial InformationLegal Proceedings.
Weather conditions may adversely affect our results.
Lower temperatures and higher rainfall may negatively impact consumer patterns, which may result in lower per capita consumption of our beverage offerings. Additionally, adverse weather conditions may affect road infrastructure in the territories in which we operate and limit our ability to sell and distribute our products, thus affecting our results.
We now conduct business in countries in which we have not previously operated and that present different or greater risks than certain countries in Latin America.
As a result of the acquisition of 51% of the outstanding shares of the Coca-Cola Bottlers Philippines, Inc. (CCBPI), we have expanded our geographic reach from Latin America to include the Philippines. The Philippines presents different risks than the risks we face in Latin America. We have not previously conducted business in CCPBIs territories. We now face competitive pressures that are different than those we have historically faced. In the Philippines, we are the only beverage company competing across categories, and we face significant competition in each category. In addition, the per capita income of the population in Philippines is lower than the average per capita income in the countries in which we currently operate, and the distribution and marketing practices in the Philippines differ from our historical practices. We may have to adapt our marketing and distribution strategies to compete effectively. Our inability to compete effectively may have an adverse effect on our future operating results. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyThe CompanyRecent Acquisitions.
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Risks Related to the Series L shares and the ADSs
Holders of our Series L shares have limited voting rights.
Holders of our Series L shares are entitled to vote only in certain circumstances. In general terms, they may elect up to three of our maximum of 21 directors and are only entitled to vote on specific matters, including certain changes in our corporate form, mergers involving our company when our company is the merged entity or when the principal corporate purpose of the merged entity is not related to the corporate purpose of our company, the cancellation of the registration of our shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange or any other foreign stock exchange, and those matters for which the Ley de Mercado de Valores (Mexican Securities Market Law) expressly allows them to vote. As a result, Series L shareholders will not be able to influence our business or operations. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor Shareholders and Item 10. Additional InformationBylawsVoting Rights, Transfer Restrictions and Certain Minority Rights.
Holders of ADSs may not be able to vote at our shareholder meetings.
Our shares are traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) in the form of ADSs. Holders of our shares in the form of ADSs may not receive notice of shareholder meetings from our ADS depositary in sufficient time to enable such holders to return voting instructions to the ADS depositary in a timely manner.
The protections afforded to non-controlling interest shareholders in Mexico are different from those afforded to minority shareholders in the United States and investors may experience difficulties in enforcing civil liabilities against us or our directors, officers and controlling persons.
Under the Mexican Securities Market Law, the protections afforded to non-controlling interest shareholders are different from, and may be less than, those afforded to minority shareholders in the United States. Therefore, it may be more difficult for non-controlling interest shareholders to enforce their rights against us, our directors or our controlling interest shareholders than it would be for minority shareholders of a U.S. company.
In addition, we are organized under the laws of Mexico, and most of our directors, officers and controlling persons reside outside the United States, and all or a substantial portion of our assets and the assets of our directors, officers and controlling persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to effect service of process within the United States on such persons or to enforce judgments against them, including in any action based on civil liabilities under the U.S. federal securities laws.
The enforceability against our directors, officers and controlling persons in Mexico in actions for enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, and liabilities predicated solely upon the U.S. federal securities laws will be subject to certain requirements provided for in the Mexican Federal Civil Procedure Code and any applicable treaties. Some of the requirements may include personal service of process and that the judgments of U.S. courts are not against Mexican public policy. The Mexican Securities Market Law, which is considered Mexican public policy, provides that in the event of actions derived from any breach of the duty of care and the duty of loyalty against our directors and officers, any remedy would be exclusively for the benefit of our company. Therefore, investors would not be directly entitled to any remedies under such actions.
Developments in other countries may adversely affect the market for our securities.
The market value of securities of Mexican companies is, to varying degrees, influenced by economic and securities market conditions in other countries. Although economic conditions are different in each country, investors reactions to developments in one country can have effects on the securities of issuers in other countries, including Mexico. We cannot assure you that events elsewhere will not adversely affect the market value of our securities.
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Holders of Series L shares in the United States and holders of ADSs may not be able to participate in any capital offering and as a result may be subject to dilution of their equity interests.
Under applicable Mexican law, if we issue new shares for cash as a part of a capital increase, other than in connection with a public offering of newly issued shares or treasury stock, we are generally required to grant our shareholders the right to purchase a sufficient number of shares to maintain their existing ownership percentage. Rights to purchase shares in these circumstances are known as preemptive rights. By law, we may not allow holders of our shares or ADSs who are located in the United States to exercise any preemptive rights in any future capital increases unless (1) we file a registration statement with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, with respect to that future issuance of shares or (2) the offering qualifies for an exemption from the registration requirements of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended. At the time of any future capital increase, we will evaluate the costs and potential liabilities associated with filing a registration statement with the SEC, as well as the benefits of preemptive rights to holders of our shares in the form of ADSs in the United States and any other factors that we consider important in determining whether to file a registration statement.
We may decide not to file a registration statement with the SEC that would allow holders of our shares or ADSs who are located in the United States to participate in a preemptive rights offering. In addition, under current Mexican law, the sale by the ADS depositary of preemptive rights and the distribution of the proceeds from such sales to the holders of our shares in the form of ADSs is not possible. As a result, the equity interest of holders of our shares in the form of ADSs would be diluted proportionately. See Item 10. Additional InformationBylawsPreemptive Rights.
Risks Related to Mexico and the Other Countries in Which We Operate
Adverse economic conditions in Mexico may adversely affect our financial condition and results.
We are a Mexican corporation, and our Mexican operations are our single most important geographic territory. For the year ended December 31, 2012, 39.2% and 40.7% of our total revenues and gross profit, respectively, were attributable to Mexico. The Mexican economy continues to be heavily influenced by the U.S. economy, and therefore, deterioration in economic conditions in the U.S. economy may affect the Mexican economy. Prolonged periods of weak economic conditions in Mexico may have, and in the past have had, a negative effect on our company and a material adverse effect on our results and financial condition.
Our business may be significantly affected by the general condition of the Mexican economy, or by the rate of inflation and interest rates in Mexico and exchange rates for the Mexican peso. Decreases in the growth rate of the Mexican economy, periods of negative growth and/or increases in inflation or interest rates may result in lower demand for our products, lower real pricing of our products or a shift to lower margin products. See Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. In addition, an increase in interest rates in Mexico would increase the cost to us of variable rate, Mexican peso-denominated funding, which constituted approximately 19.02% of our total debt as of December 31, 2012, and have an adverse effect on our financial position. See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsLiquidity and Capital Resources.
Depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our financial condition and results.
Depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar increases the cost to us of some of the raw materials we acquire, the price of which is paid in or determined with reference to U.S. dollars, and of our debt obligations denominated in U.S. dollars and may therefore negatively affect our results, financial position and equity. Significant fluctuation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar has occurred in the past, for example, at the end of 2008 and into 2009; and again at the end of 2011, negatively affecting our results. According to the U.S. Federal Reserve Board, the exchange rate in 2012 registered a low of Ps. 12.63 to US$ 1.00 on February 6, 2012, and a high of Ps. 14.37 to US$ 1.00 on June 1, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, the exchange rate was Ps. 12.96 to U.S.$ 1.00. As of March 8, 2013, the exchange rate was Ps. 12.65 to US$ 1.00. See Item 3. Key InformationExchange Rate Information and Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market RiskForeign Currency Exchange Rate Risk.
We selectively hedge our exposure to the U.S. dollar with respect to the Mexican peso and other currencies, our U.S. dollar-denominated debt obligations and the purchase of certain U.S. dollar-denominated raw materials. A severe depreciation of the Mexican peso or any currency of the countries in which we operate, may result in a disruption of the international foreign exchange markets and may limit our ability to transfer or to convert Mexican pesos into U.S. dollars or other currencies for the purpose of making timely payments of interest and principal on our U.S. dollar-denominated indebtedness or obligations in other currencies. While the Mexican government does not currently restrict, and since 1982 has not restricted, the right or ability of Mexican or foreign persons or entities to convert Mexican pesos into U.S. dollars or to transfer other currencies out of Mexico, the Mexican government could institute restrictive exchange rate policies in the future. Currency fluctuations may have an adverse effect on our results, financial condition and cash flows in future periods.
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Political events in Mexico could adversely affect our operations.
Mexican political events may significantly affect our operations. On July 2012, the presidential election in Mexico led to the election of a new president and political party, Enrique Peña Nieto of the Partido Revolucionario Institucional. Mexicos new president may implement significant changes in laws, public policy and/or regulations that could affect Mexicos political and economic situation. Any such changes may have an adverse effect on our business.
Political disagreements between the executive and the legislative branches could result in deadlock and prevent the timely implementation of political and economic reforms. We cannot provide any assurances that political developments in Mexico, over which we have no control, will not have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results.
Economic and political conditions in the other countries in which we operate may increasingly adversely affect our business.
Our business may be affected by the general conditions of the Brazilian economy, the rate of inflation, Brazilian interest rates or exchange rates for Brazilian reais. Decreases in the growth rate of the Brazilian economy, periods of negative growth and/or increases in inflation or interest rates may result in lower demand for our products, lower real pricing of our products or a shift to lower margin products.
In addition to Mexico and Brazil, we conduct operations in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela and Argentina. Total revenues from our combined non-Mexican operations decreased as a percentage of our consolidated total revenues from 63.8% in 2011 to 60.8% in 2012; for the same non-Mexican operations, our gross profit decreased as a percentage of our consolidated gross profit from 62.2% in 2011 to 59.3% in 2012. Given the relevance of our non-Mexican operations, our results continue to be affected by the economic and political conditions in the countries, other than Mexico, where we conduct operations.
Consumer demand, preferences, real prices and the costs of raw materials are heavily influenced by macroeconomic and political conditions in the other countries in which we operate. These conditions vary by country and may not be correlated to conditions in our Mexican operations. In Venezuela, we continue to face exchange rate risk as well as scarcity of and restrictions on importing raw materials. Deterioration in economic and political conditions in any of these countries would have an adverse effect on our financial position and results.
Venezuelan political events may affect our operations. Although Venezuela expects to hold elections, in light of the death of President Hugo Chavez, political uncertainty remains. We cannot provide any assurances that political developments in Venezuela, over which we have no control, will not have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results.
On October 7, 2012, General Otto Peréz Molina, representing the Partido Patriota (Patriot Party), was elected to the presidency in Guatemala. We cannot assure you that the elected president will continue to apply the same policies that have been applied to us in the past.
Depreciation of the local currencies of the countries in which we operate against the U.S. dollar may increase our operating costs. We have also operated under exchange controls in Venezuela since 2003, which limit our ability to remit dividends abroad or make payments other than in local currencies and that may increase the real price paid for raw materials and services purchased in local currency. In February 2013, the Venezuelan government announced a devaluation in its official exchange rate, from 4.30 to 6.30 bolivars per US$ 1.00. For further information, please see Note 3.3 and Note 29 to our consolidated financial statements. Future changes in the Venezuelan exchange control regime, and future currency devaluations or the imposition of exchange controls in any of the countries in which we have operations could have an adverse effect on our financial position and results.
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We cannot assure you that political or social developments in any of the countries in which we have operations, over which we have no control, will not have a corresponding adverse effect on the global market or on our business, financial condition or results.
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Item 4. Information on the Company
Overview
We are the largest franchise bottler of Coca-Cola trademark beverages in the world. We operate in territories in the following countries:
| Mexicoa substantial portion of central Mexico, the southeast and northeast of Mexico (including the Gulf region). |
| Central AmericaGuatemala (Guatemala City and surrounding areas), Nicaragua (nationwide), Costa Rica (nationwide) and Panama (nationwide). |
| Colombiamost of the country. |
| Venezuelanationwide. |
| Brazilthe area of greater São Paulo, Campinas, Santos, the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, part of the state of Minas Gerais and part of the state of Goiás. |
| ArgentinaBuenos Aires and surrounding areas. |
Our company was organized on October 30, 1991 as a sociedad anónima de capital variable (a variable capital stock corporation) under the laws of Mexico with a duration of 99 years. On December 5, 2006, as required by amendments to the Mexican Securities Market Law, we became a sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable (a listed variable capital stock corporation). Our legal name is Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. Our principal executive offices are located at Mario Pani No. 100, Col. Santa Fe Cuajimalpa, Delegación Cuajimalpa, México, D.F., 05348, México. Our telephone number at this location is (52-55) 1519-5000. Our website is www.coca-colafemsa.com.
The following is an overview of our operations by reporting segment in 2012.
Operations by Reporting SegmentOverview
Year Ended December 31, 2012(1)
Total Revenues (millions of Mexican pesos) |
Percentage of Total Revenues |
Gross Profit (millions of Mexican pesos) |
Percentage of Gross Profit | |||||||
Mexico and Central America(2) |
66,141 | 44.8% | 31,643 | 46.1% | ||||||
South America(3) (excluding Venezuela) |
54,821 | 37.1% | 23,667 | 34.5% | ||||||
Venezuela |
26,777 | 18.1% | 13,320 | 19.4% | ||||||
Consolidated |
147,739 | 100.0% | 68,630 | 100.0% |
(1) | Expressed in millions of Mexican pesos, except for percentages. |
(2) | Includes Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. Includes results of Grupo Fomento Queretano from May 2012. |
(3) | Includes Colombia, Brazil and Argentina. |
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Corporate History
We are a subsidiary of FEMSA, which also owns Oxxo, the largest Mexican convenience store chain, and which formerly owned FEMSA Cerveza, now Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Holding, S.A. de C.V., a brewer with operations in Mexico and Brazil, currently a wholly owned subsidiary of the Heineken Group. On April 30, 2010, FEMSA exchanged 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group.
In 1979, a subsidiary of FEMSA acquired certain sparkling beverage bottlers that are now a part of our company. At that time, the acquired bottlers had 13 Mexican distribution centers operating 701 distribution routes, and their production capacity was 83 million cases. In 1991, FEMSA transferred its ownership in the bottlers to FEMSA Refrescos, S.A. de C.V., the corporate predecessor to Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V.
In June 1993, a subsidiary of The Coca-Cola Company subscribed for 30% of our capital stock in the form of Series D shares for US$ 195 million. In September 1993, FEMSA sold Series L shares that represented 19% of our capital stock to the public, and we listed these shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and, in the form of ADSs, on the New York Stock Exchange. In a series of transactions between 1994 and 1997, we acquired territories in Argentina and additional territories in southern Mexico.
In May 2003, we acquired Panamerican Beverages, or Panamco, and began producing and distributing Coca-Cola trademark beverages in additional territories in the central and gulf regions of Mexico and in Central America (Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama), Colombia, Venezuela and Brazil, along with bottled water, beer and other beverages in some of these territories. As a result of the acquisition, the interest of The Coca-Cola Company in the capital stock of our company increased from 30.0% to 39.6%.
During August 2004, we conducted a rights offering to allow existing holders of our Series L shares and ADSs to acquire newly issued Series L shares in the form of Series L shares and ADSs, respectively, at the same price per share at which FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company subscribed in connection with the Panamco acquisition.
In November 2006, FEMSA acquired, through a subsidiary, 148,000,000 of our Series D shares from certain subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company representing 9.4% of the total outstanding voting shares and 8.0% of the total outstanding equity of Coca-Cola FEMSA, at a price of US$ 2.888 per share for an aggregate amount of US$ 427.4 million. With this purchase, FEMSA increased its ownership to 53.7% of our capital stock. Pursuant to our bylaws, the acquired shares were converted from Series D shares to Series A shares.
In November 2007, Administración, S.A.P.I. de C.V., or Administración, a Mexican company owned directly and indirectly by us and The Coca-Cola Company, acquired 100% of the shares of capital stock of Jugos del Valle, S.A.P.I. de C.V. The business of Jugos del Valle in the United States was acquired and sold by The Coca-Cola Company. In 2008, we, The Coca-Cola Company and all Mexican and Brazilian Coca-Cola bottlers entered into a joint business for the Mexican and Brazilian operations, respectively, of Jugos del Valle. Taking into account the participation held by Grupo Fomento Queretano, we currently hold an interest of 25.1% in the Mexican joint business and approximately 19.7% in the Brazilian joint businesses. Jugos del Valle sells fruit juice-based beverages and fruit derivatives.
In December 2007 and May 2008, we sold most of our proprietary brands to The Coca-Cola Company. The proprietary brands are now being licensed back to us by The Coca-Cola Company pursuant to our bottler agreements. The December 2007 transaction was valued at US$ 48 million and the May 2008 transaction was valued at US$ 16 million. Revenues from the sale of proprietary brands in which we have a significant continuing involvement are deferred and amortized against the related costs of future sales over the estimated sales period.
In May 2008, we entered into a transaction with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire its wholly owned bottling franchise Refrigerantes Minas Gerais, Ltda., or REMIL, located in the State of Minas Gerais in Brazil, for a purchase price of US$ 364.1 million. We began to consolidate REMIL in our financial statements in June 2008.
In July 2008, we acquired the Agua De Los Angeles bulk water business in the Valley of Mexico (Mexico City and surrounding areas) from Grupo Embotellador CIMSA, S.A. de C.V., at the time one of the Coca-Cola bottling franchises in Mexico, for a purchase price of US$ 18.3 million. The trademarks remain with The Coca-Cola Company. We subsequently merged Agua De Los Angeles into our bulk water business under the Ciel brand.
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In February 2009, we acquired with The Coca-Cola Company the Brisa bottled water business in Colombia from Bavaria, S.A., a subsidiary of SABMiller plc. We acquired the production assets and the distribution territory, and The Coca-Cola Company acquired the Brisa brand. We and The Coca-Cola Company equally shared in paying the purchase price of US$ 92 million. Following a transition period, in June 2009, we started to sell and distribute the Brisa portfolio of products in Colombia.
In May 2009, we entered into an agreement to begin selling the Crystal trademark water products in Brazil jointly with The Coca-Cola Company.
In August 2010, we acquired from The Coca-Cola Company, along with other Brazilian Coca-Cola bottlers, the business operations of the Matte Leao tea brand. As of March 8, 2013, we had a 19.4% indirect interest in the Matte Leao business in Brazil.
In March 2011, we acquired with The Coca-Cola Company, through Compañía Panameña de Bebidas S.A.P.I. de C.V., Grupo Industrias Lacteas, S.A. (also known as Estrella Azul), a Panamanian conglomerate that participates in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories in Panama. We will continue to develop this business with The Coca-Cola Company.
In October 2011, we closed our merger with Administradora Acciones del Noreste S.A.P.I. de C.V. (Grupo Tampico), one of the largest family-owned Coca-Cola bottlers calculated by sales volume in Mexico. This franchise territory operates in the states of Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, and Veracruz, as well as in parts of the states of Hidalgo, Puebla and Queretaro, and sold 155.7 million unit cases of beverages in 2011. The aggregate enterprise value of this transaction was Ps. 9,300 million and we issued a total of 63.5 million new Series L shares in connection with this transaction. We began to consolidate Grupo Tampico in our financial statements as of October 2011.
In December 2011, we closed our merger with Corporación de los Angeles, S.A. de C.V. and its shareholders (Grupo CIMSA), a Mexican family-owned Coca-Cola bottler with operations mainly in the states of Morelos and Mexico, as well as in parts of the states of Guerrero and Michoacán. This franchise territory sold 154.8 million unit cases of beverages in 2011. The aggregate enterprise value of this transaction was Ps. 11,000 million and we issued a total of 75.4 million new Series L shares in connection with this transaction. We began to consolidate Grupo CIMSA in our financial statements as of December 2011. As part of our merger with Grupo CIMSA, we also acquired a 13.2% equity interest in Promotora Industria Azucarera, S.A de C.V. (Piasa).
In May 2012, we closed our merger with Grupo Fomento Queretano, S.A.P.I. de C.V. (Grupo Fomento Queretano), one of the oldest family-owned beverage players in the Coca-Cola system in Mexico, with operations mainly in the state of Querétaro, as well as in parts of the states of Mexico, Hidalgo and Guanajuato. We sold approximately 74 million unit cases of beverages in this franchise territory during 2012. The aggregate enterprise value of this transaction was Ps. 6,600 million and we issued a total of 45.1 million new Series L shares in connection with this transaction. We began to consolidate Grupo Fomento Queretano in our financial statements as of May 2012. As part of our merger with Grupo Fomento Queretano we also acquired an additional 12.9% equity interest in Piasa.
In August 2012, we acquired, through Jugos del Valle, an indirect participation in Santa Clara Mercantil de Pachuca, S.A. de C.V. (Santa Clara), an important producer of milk and dairy products in Mexico. We currently own an indirect participation of 23.8% in Santa Clara.
Recent Acquisitions
In December 2012, we reached an agreement with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire a 51% non-controlling majority stake of CCBPI for US$ 688.5 million in an all-cash transaction. We closed this transaction on January 25, 2013. The implied enterprise value of 100% of CCPBI is US$ 1,350 million. We will have an option to acquire all of the remaining 49% of the capital stock of CCBPI at any time during the seven years following the closing, at the same enterprise value adjusted for a carrying cost and certain other adjustments. We will have a put option, exercisable six years after the initial closing, to sell our ownership in CCBPI back to The Coca-Cola Company at a price that will be calculated using the same EBITDA multiple used in the acquisition of the 51% stake
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of CCBPI, capped at the aggregate enterprise value for the amount acquired, adjusted for certain items. We will be managing the day-to-day operations of the business. The Coca-Cola Company will have certain rights on the operational business plan. Given the terms of both the options agreements and our shareholders agreement with The Coca-Cola Company, we will not consolidate the results of CCBPI. We will recognize the results of CCBPI using the equity method. CCBPI sold approximately 531 million unit cases of beverages during 2012 and generated revenues of approximately US$ 1.1 billion.
In January 2013, we entered into an agreement to merge Grupo Yoli, S.A. de C.V. (Grupo Yoli) into our company. Grupo Yoli operates mainly in the state of Guerrero, Mexico as well as in parts of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. The merger agreement was approved by both our and Grupo Yolis boards of directors and is subject to the approval of the Comisión Federal de Competencia (the Mexican Antitrust Comission, or CFC) and the shareholders meetings of both companies. Grupo Yoli sold approximately 99 million unit cases in 2012. The aggregate enterprise value of this transaction was Ps. 8,806 million. We will issue approximately 42.4 million new Series L shares to the shareholders of Grupo Yoli once the transaction closes. As part of this transaction, we will increase our participation in Piasa by 9.5%. We expect to close this transaction in the second quarter of 2013.
Capital Stock
As of March 8, 2013, FEMSA indirectly owned Series A Shares equal to 48.9% of our capital stock (63.0% of our capital stock with full voting rights). As of March 8, 2013, The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owned Series D shares equal to 28.7% of the capital stock of our company (37.0% of our capital stock with full voting rights). Series L shares with limited voting rights, which trade on the Mexican Stock Exchange and in the form of ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange, constitute the remaining 22.4% of our capital stock.
Business Strategy
In August 2011, we restructured our operations under two new divisions: (1) Mexico & Central America and (2) South America, creating a more flexible structure to execute our strategies and extend our track record of growth. Previously, we managed our business under three divisionsMexico, Latincentro and Mercosur. With this new business structure, we aligned our business strategies more efficiently, ensuring a faster introduction of new products and categories, and a more rapid and effective design and deployment of commercial models. See IntroductionBusiness Divisions.
We operate with a large geographic footprint in Latin America, in two divisions:
| Mexico and Central America (covering certain territories in Mexico and Guatemala, and all of Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama); and |
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| South America (covering certain territories in Brazil and Argentina, and all of Colombia and Venezuela). |
One of our goals is to maximize growth and profitability to create value for our shareholders. Our efforts to achieve this goal are based on: (1) transforming our commercial models to focus on our customers value potential and using a value-based segmentation approach to capture the industrys value potential, (2) implementing multi-segmentation strategies in our major markets to target distinct market clusters divided by consumption occasion, competitive intensity and socioeconomic levels; (3) implementing well-planned product, packaging and pricing strategies through different distribution channels; (4) driving product innovation along our different product categories; (5) developing new businesses and distribution channels, and (6) achieving the full operating potential of our commercial models and processes to drive operational efficiencies throughout our company. To achieve these goals, we intend to continue to focus our efforts on, among other initiatives, the following:
| working with The Coca-Cola Company to develop a business model to continue exploring and participating in new lines of beverages, extending existing product lines and effectively advertising and marketing our products; |
| developing and expanding our still beverage portfolio through innovation, strategic acquisitions and by entering into agreements to acquire companies with The Coca-Cola Company; |
| expanding our bottled water strategy with The Coca-Cola Company through innovation and selective acquisitions to maximize profitability across our market territories; |
| strengthening our selling capabilities and go-to-market strategies, including pre-sale, conventional selling and hybrid routes, in order to get closer to our clients and help them satisfy the beverage needs of consumers; |
| implementing selective packaging strategies designed to increase consumer demand for our products and to build a strong returnable base for the Coca-Cola brand; |
| replicating our best practices throughout the value chain; |
| rationalizing and adapting our organizational and asset structure in order to be in a better position to respond to a changing competitive environment; |
| committing to building a multi-cultural collaborative team, from top to bottom; and |
| broadening our geographic footprint through organic growth and strategic joint ventures, mergers and acquisitions. |
We seek to increase per capita consumption of our products in the territories in which we operate. To that end, our marketing teams continuously develop sales strategies tailored to the different characteristics of our various territories and distribution channels. We continue to develop our product portfolio to better meet market demand and maintain our overall profitability. To stimulate and respond to consumer demand, we continue to introduce new categories, products and presentations. See Product and Packaging Mix. In addition, because we view our relationship with The Coca-Cola Company as integral to our business, we use market information systems and strategies developed with The Coca-Cola Company to improve our business and marketing strategies. See Marketing.
We also continuously seek to increase productivity in our facilities through infrastructure and process reengineering for improved asset utilization. Our capital expenditure program includes investments in production and distribution facilities, bottles, cases, coolers and information systems. We believe that this program will allow us to maintain our capacity and flexibility to innovate and to respond to consumer demand for our products.
We focus on management quality as a key element of our growth strategy and remain committed to fostering the development of quality management at all levels. Both FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company provide us with managerial experience. To build upon these skills, the board of directors has allocated a portion of our operating budget to pay for management training programs designed to enhance our executives abilities and provide a forum for exchanging experiences, know-how and talent among an increasing number of multinational executives from our new and existing territories.
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Sustainable development is a comprehensive part of our strategic framework for business operation and growth. We base our efforts in our Corporate Values and Ethics. We focus on three core areas, (i) our people, by encouraging the development of our employees and their families; (ii) our communities, by promoting development in the communities we serve, an attitude of health, self-care, adequate nutrition and physical activity, and evaluating the impact of our value chain; and (iii) our planet, by establishing guidelines that we believe will result in efficient use of natural resources to minimize the impact that our operations might have on the environment and create a broader awareness of caring for our environment.
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Our Territories
The following map shows our territories, giving estimates in each case of the population to which we offer products, the number of retailers of our beverages and the per capita consumption of our beverages as of December 31, 2012:
Per capita consumption data for a territory is determined by dividing total beverage sales volume within the territory (in bottles, cans, and fountain containers) by the estimated population within such territory, and is expressed on the basis of the number of eight-ounce servings of our products consumed annually per capita. In evaluating the development of local volume sales in our territories and to determine product potential, we and The Coca-Cola Company measure, among other factors, the per capita consumption of all our beverages.
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Our Products
We produce, market, sell and distribute Coca-Cola trademark beverages. The Coca-Cola trademark beverages include: sparkling beverages (colas and flavored sparkling beverages), waters, and still beverages (including juice drinks, coffee, teas, milk, value-added dairy and isotonic). The following table sets forth our main brands as of December 31, 2012:
Colas: | Mexico and Central America(1) |
South America(2) |
Venezuela | |||
Coca-Cola |
ü | ü | ü | |||
Coca-Cola Light |
ü | ü | ü | |||
Coca-Cola Zero |
ü | ü |
Flavored sparkling beverages: | Mexico and Central America(1) |
South America(2) |
Venezuela | |||
Ameyal |
ü | |||||
Canada Dry |
ü | |||||
Chinotto |
ü | |||||
Crush |
ü | |||||
Escuis |
ü | |||||
Fanta |
ü | ü | ||||
Fresca |
ü | |||||
Frescolita |
ü | ü | ||||
Hit |
ü | |||||
Kist |
ü | |||||
Kuat |
ü | |||||
Lift |
ü | |||||
Mundet |
ü | |||||
Quatro |
ü | |||||
Schweppes |
ü | ü | ü | |||
Simba |
ü | |||||
Sprite |
ü | ü | ||||
Victoria |
ü | |||||
Yoli |
ü |
Water: | Mexico and Central America(1) |
South America(2) |
Venezuela | |||
Alpina |
ü | |||||
Aquarius(3) |
ü | |||||
Bonaqua |
ü | |||||
Brisa |
ü | |||||
Ciel |
ü | |||||
Crystal |
ü | |||||
Dasani |
ü | |||||
Manantial |
ü | |||||
Nevada |
ü |
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Other Categories: | Mexico
and Central America(1) |
South America(2) |
Venezuela | |||
Cepita |
ü | |||||
Del Prado(4) |
ü | |||||
Estrella Azul(5) |
ü | |||||
FUZE Tea |
ü | ü | ||||
Hi-C(6) |
ü | ü | ||||
Leche Santa Clara(5) |
ü | |||||
Jugos del Valle(7) |
ü | ü | ü | |||
Matte Leao(8) |
ü | |||||
Powerade(9) |
ü | ü | ü | |||
Valle Frut(10) |
ü | ü | ü |
(1) | Includes Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama |
(2) | Includes Colombia, Brazil and Argentina |
(3) | Flavored water. In Brazil, also flavored sparkling beverage |
(4) | Juice-based beverage in Central America |
(5) | Milk and value-added dairy and juices |
(6) | Juice-based beverage. Includes Hi-C Orangeade in Argentina |
(7) | Juice-based beverage |
(8) | Ready to drink tea |
(9) | Isotonic |
(10) | Orangeade. Includes Del Valle Fresh in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia and Venezuela |
Sales Overview
We measure total sales volume in terms of unit cases. Unit case refers to 192 ounces of finished beverage product (24 eight-ounce servings) and, when applied to soda fountains, refers to the volume of syrup, powders and concentrate that is required to produce 192 ounces of finished beverage product. The following table illustrates our historical sales volume for each of our territories.
Sales Volume Year Ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
(millions of unit cases) | ||||||||||||
Mexico and Central America |
||||||||||||
Mexico(1) |
1,720.3 | 1,366.5 | 1,242.3 | |||||||||
Central America(2) |
151.2 | 144.3 | 137.0 | |||||||||
South America (excluding Venezuela) |
||||||||||||
Colombia |
255.8 | 252.1 | 244.3 | |||||||||
Brazil(3) |
494.2 | 485.3 | 475.6 | |||||||||
Argentina |
217.0 | 210.7 | 189.3 | |||||||||
Venezuela |
207.7 | 189.8 | 211.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Consolidated Volume |
3,046.2 | 2,648.7 | 2,499.5 |
(1) | Includes results of Grupo Fomento Queretano from May 2012, Grupo CIMSA from December 2011 and Grupo Tampico from October 2011. |
(2) | Includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. |
(3) | Excludes beer sales volume. As of the first quarter of 2010, we began to distribute certain ready to drink products under the Matte Leao brand. |
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Product and Packaging Mix
Out of the more than 121 brands and line extensions of beverages that we sell and distribute, our most important brand, Coca-Cola, together with its line extensions, Coca-Cola Light and Coca-Cola Zero, accounted for 60.2% of total sales volume in 2012. Our next largest brands, Ciel (a water brand from Mexico and its line extensions), Fanta (and its line extensions), ValleFrut (and its line extensions), and Sprite (and its line extensions) accounted for 12.8%, 4.7%, 2.6% and 2.6%, respectively, of total sales volume in 2012. We use the term line extensions to refer to the different flavors in which we offer our brands. We produce, market, sell and distribute Coca-Cola trademark beverages in each of our territories in containers authorized by The Coca-Cola Company, which consist of a variety of returnable and non-returnable presentations in the form of glass bottles, cans and plastic bottles mainly made of polyethylene terephthalate, which we refer to as PET.
We use the term presentation to refer to the packaging unit in which we sell our products. Presentation sizes for our Coca-Cola trademark beverages range from a 6.5-ounce personal size to a 3-liter multiple serving size. For all of our products excluding water, we consider a multiple serving size as equal to, or larger than, 1.0 liter. In general, personal sizes have a higher price per unit case as compared to multiple serving sizes. We offer both returnable and non-returnable presentations, which allow us to offer portfolio alternatives based on convenience and affordability to implement revenue management strategies and to target specific distribution channels and population segments in our territories. In addition, we sell some Coca-Cola trademark beverage syrups in containers designed for soda fountain use, which we refer to as fountain. We also sell bottled water products in bulk sizes, which refer to presentations equal to or larger than 5 liters, which have a much lower average price per unit case than our other beverage products.
The characteristics of our territories are very diverse. Central Mexico and our territories in Argentina are densely populated and have a large number of competing beverage brands as compared to the rest of our territories. Our territories in Brazil are densely populated but have lower per capita consumption of beverage products as compared to Mexico. Portions of southern Mexico, Central America and Colombia are large and mountainous areas with lower population density, lower per capita income and lower per capita consumption of beverages. In Venezuela, we face operational disruptions from time to time, which may have an effect on our volumes sold, and consequently, may result in lower per capita consumption.
The following discussion analyzes our product and packaging mix by reporting segment. The volume data presented is for the years 2012, 2011 and 2010.
Mexico and Central America. Our product portfolio consists of Coca-Cola trademark beverages. In 2008, as part of our efforts to strengthen our multi-category beverage portfolio, we incorporated the Jugos del Valle line of juice-based beverages in Mexico and subsequently in Central America. In 2012, we launched FUZE Tea in the division. Per capita consumption of our beverage products in Mexico and Central America was 650 and 182 eight-ounce servings, respectively, in 2012.
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The following table highlights historical sales volume and mix in Mexico and Central America for our products:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Total Sales Volume(1) |
||||||||||||
Total (millions of unit cases) |
1,871.5 | 1,510.8 | 1,379.3 | |||||||||
Growth (%) |
23.9 | 9.5 | 1.2 | |||||||||
Unit Case Volume Mix by Category |
(in percentages) | |||||||||||
Sparkling beverages |
73.0 | 74.9 | 75.2 | |||||||||
Water(2) |
21.4 | 19.7 | 19.4 | |||||||||
Still beverages |
5.6 | 5.4 | 5.4 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes results from the operations of Grupo Fomento Queretano from May 2012, Grupo CIMSA from December 2011 and Grupo Tampico from October 2011. |
(2) | Includes bulk water volumes. |
In 2012, multiple serving presentations represented 66.2% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Mexico, a 140 basis points decrease compared to 2011; and 56.1% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Central America, a 40 basis points increase compared to 2011. Our strategy is to foster consumption of single serve presentations while maintaining multiple serving volumes. In 2012, returnable packaging, as a percentage of total sparkling beverage sales volume, accounted for 33.7% in Mexico, a 200 basis points increase compared to 2011; and 33.6% in Central America, a 190 basis points increase compared to 2011.
In 2012, our sparkling beverages decreased as a percentage of our total sales volume from 74.9% in 2011 to 73.0% in 2012, mainly due to the integration of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in Mexico, which have a higher mix of bulk water in their portfolios.
In 2012, our most popular sparkling beverage presentations in Mexico were the 2.5-liter returnable plastic bottle, the 3.0-liter non-returnable plastic bottle and the 0.6-liter non-returnable plastic bottle (the 20-ounce bottle that is also popular in the United States) which together accounted for 51.2% of total sparkling beverage sales volume in Mexico.
Total sales volume reached 1,871.5 million unit cases in 2012, an increase of 23.9% compared to 1,510.8 million unit cases in 2011. The non-comparable effect of the integration of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in Mexico contributed 322.7 million unit cases in 2012 of which 62.5% were sparkling beverages, 5.1% bottled water, 27.9% bulk water and 4.5% still beverages. Excluding the integration of these territories, volume grew 1.9% to 1,538.8 million unit cases. Organically sparkling beverages sales volume increased 2.5% as compared to 2011. The bottled water category, including bulk water, decreased 2.6%. The still beverage category increased 8.9%.
South America (Excluding Venezuela). Our product portfolio in South America consists mainly of Coca-Cola trademark beverages and the Kaiser beer brands in Brazil, which we sell and distribute. In 2008, as part of our efforts to strengthen our multi-category beverage portfolio, we incorporated the Jugos del Valle line of juice-based beverages in Colombia. This line of beverages was relaunched in Brazil in 2009 as well. The acquisition of Brisa in 2009 helped us to become the leader, calculated by sales volume, in the water market in Colombia.
In 2010, we incorporated ready to drink beverages under the Matte Leao brand in Brazil. During 2011, as part of our continuous effort to develop non-carbonated beverages, we launched Cepita in non-returnable polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles and Hi-C, an orangeade, both in Argentina. Since 2009, as part of our efforts to foster sparkling beverage per capita consumption in Brazil, we re-launched a 2.0-liter returnable plastic bottle for the Coca-Cola brand and introduced two single-serve 0.25-liter presentations. Per capita consumption of our beverages in Colombia, Brazil and Argentina was 130, 264 and 404 eight-ounce servings, respectively, in 2012.
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The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in South America (excluding Venezuela), not including beer:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Total Sales Volume |
||||||||||||
Total (millions of unit cases) |
967.0 | 948.1 | 909.2 | |||||||||
Growth (%) |
2.0 | 4.3 | 11.2 | |||||||||
Unit Case Volume Mix by Category |
(in percentages) | |||||||||||
Sparkling beverages |
84.9 | 85.9 | 85.5 | |||||||||
Water(1) |
10.0 | 9.2 | 10.1 | |||||||||
Still beverages |
5.1 | 4.9 | 4.4 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes bulk water volume. |
Total sales volume was 967.0 million unit cases in 2012, an increase of 2.0% compared to 948.1 million unit cases in 2011. Growth in sparkling beverages, mainly driven by sales of the Coca-Cola brand in Argentina and the Fanta brand in Brazil and Colombia, accounted for the majority of the growth during the year. Our growth in still beverages was primarily driven by the Jugos del Valle line of products in Brazil and the Cepita juice brand in Argentina. The growth in sales volume of our water portfolio, including bulk water, was driven mainly by the Crystal brand in Brazil and the Brisa brand in Colombia.
In 2012, returnable packaging, as a percentage of total sparkling beverage sales volume, accounted for 40.4% in Colombia, remaining flat as compared to 2011; 28.9% in Argentina, an increase of 110 basis points and 14.4% in Brazil, a 150 basis points decrease compared to 2011. In 2012, multiple serving presentations represented 62.9%, 72.5% and 85.2% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Colombia, Brazil and Argentina, respectively.
We continue to distribute and sell the Kaiser beer portfolio in our Brazilian territories through the 20-year term, consistent with the arrangements in place with Cervejarias Kaiser, a subsidiary of the Heineken Group, since 2006, prior to the acquisition of Cervejarias Kaiser by Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Holding, S.A. de C.V., formerly known as FEMSA Cerveza. Beginning in the second quarter of 2005, we ceased including beer that we distribute in Brazil in our reported sales volumes. On April 30, 2010, the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA exchanged 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group closed.
Venezuela. Our product portfolio in Venezuela consists of Coca-Cola trademark beverages. Per capita consumption of our beverages in Venezuela during 2012 was 164 eight-ounce servings. At the end of 2011, we launched Del Valle Fresh, an orangeade, in Venezuela, which contributed significantly to incremental volume growth in this country during 2012. During 2012, we launched two new presentations for our sparkling beverage portfolio: a 0.355-liter non-returnable PET presentation and a 1-liter non-returnable PET presentation.
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The following table highlights historical total sales volume and sales volume mix in Venezuela:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Total Sales Volume |
||||||||||||
Total (millions of unit cases) |
207.7 | 189.8 | 211.0 | |||||||||
Growth (%) |
9.4 | (10.0 | ) | (6.3 | ) | |||||||
Unit Case Volume Mix by Category |
(in percentages) | |||||||||||
Sparkling beverages |
87.9 | 91.7 | 91.3 | |||||||||
Water(1) |
5.6 | 5.4 | 6.5 | |||||||||
Still beverages |
6.5 | 2.9 | 2.2 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Includes bulk water volume. |
We have implemented a product portfolio rationalization strategy that allows us to minimize the impact of certain operating disruptions that have been recurrent in Venezuela over the last several years. During 2011, we faced a 26-day strike at one of our Venezuelan production and distribution facilities and a difficult economic environment that prevented us from growing sales volume of our products. As a result, our sparkling beverage volume decreased by 9.6%.
In 2012, multiple serving presentations represented 79.9% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Venezuela, a 140 basis points increase compared to 2011. In 2012, returnable presentations represented 7.5% of total sparkling beverages sales volume in Venezuela, a 50 basis points decrease compared to 2011. Total sales volume was 207.7 million unit cases in 2012, an increase of 9.4% compared to 189.8 million unit cases in 2011.
Seasonality
Sales of our products are seasonal, as our sales levels generally increase during the summer months of each country and during the Christmas holiday season. In Mexico, Central America, Colombia and Venezuela, we typically achieve our highest sales during the summer months of April through September as well as during the Christmas holidays in December. In Brazil and Argentina, our highest sales levels occur during the summer months of October through March and the Christmas holidays in December.
Marketing
We, in conjunction with The Coca-Cola Company, have developed a marketing strategy to promote the sale and consumption of our products. We rely extensively on advertising, sales promotions and retailer support programs to target the particular preferences of our consumers. Our consolidated marketing expenses in 2012, net of contributions by The Coca-Cola Company, were Ps. 3,681 million. The Coca-Cola Company contributed an additional Ps. 3,018 million in 2012, which mainly includes contributions for coolers, bottles and cases. Through the use of advanced information technology, we have collected customer and consumer information that allow us to tailor our marketing strategies to target different types of customers located in each of our territories and to meet the specific needs of the various markets we serve.
Retailer Support Programs. Support programs include providing retailers with point-of-sale display materials and consumer sales promotions, such as contests, sweepstakes and the giveaway of product samples.
Coolers. Cooler distribution among retailers is important for the visibility and consumption of our products and to ensure that they are sold at the proper temperature.
Advertising. We advertise in all major communications media. We focus our advertising efforts on increasing brand recognition by consumers and improving our customer relations. National advertising campaigns are designed and proposed by The Coca-Cola Companys local affiliates, with our input at the local or regional level.
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Channel Marketing. In order to provide more dynamic and specialized marketing of our products, our strategy is to classify our markets and develop targeted efforts for each consumer segment or distribution channel. Our principal channels are small retailers, on-premise consumption such as restaurants and bars, supermarkets and third party distributors. Presence in these channels entails a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the purchasing patterns and preferences of various groups of beverage consumers in each of the different types of locations or distribution channels. In response to this analysis, we tailor our product, price, packaging and distribution strategies to meet the particular needs of and exploit the potential of each channel.
Multi-Segmentation. We have been implementing a multi-segmentation strategy in the majority of our markets. This strategy consists of the implementation of different product/price/package portfolios by market cluster or group. These clusters are defined based on consumption occasion, competitive intensity and socio-economic levels, rather than solely on the types of distribution channels.
Client Value Management. We have been transforming our commercial models to focus on our customers value potential using a value-based segmentation approach to capture the industrys potential. We started the rollout of this new model in our Mexico, Central America, Colombia and Brazil operations in 2009 and have covered close to 95% of our total volumes as of the end of 2012, including the later rollout in Argentina and, more recently, in Venezuela.
We believe that the implementation of these strategies described above also enables us to respond to competitive initiatives with channel-specific responses as opposed to market-wide responses. In addition, it allows us to be more efficient in the way we go to market and invest our marketing resources in those segments that could provide a higher return. Our marketing, segmentation and distribution activities are facilitated by our management information systems. We have invested significantly in creating these systems, including in hand-held computers to support the gathering of product, consumer and delivery information for most of our sales routes throughout our territories.
Product Sales and Distribution
The following table provides an overview of our distribution centers and the retailers to which we sell our products:
Product Distribution Summary as of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||
Mexico and
Central America(1) |
South America(2) | Venezuela | ||||||||||
Distribution centers |
149 | 64 | 33 | |||||||||
Retailers(3) |
956,618 | 653,321 | 209,232 |
(1) | Includes Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. |
(2) | Includes Colombia, Brazil and Argentina. |
(3) | Estimated. |
We continuously evaluate our distribution model in order to fit with the local dynamics of the marketplace and analyze the way we go to market, recognizing different service needs from our customers, while looking for a more efficient distribution model. As part of this strategy, we are rolling out a variety of new distribution models throughout our territories looking for improvements in our distribution network.
We use several sales and distribution models depending on market, geographic conditions and the customers profile: (1) the pre-sale system, which separates the sales and delivery functions, permitting trucks to be loaded with the mix of products that retailers have previously ordered, thereby increasing both sales and distribution efficiency, (2) the conventional truck route system, in which the person in charge of the delivery makes immediate sales from inventory available on the truck, (3) a hybrid distribution system, where the same truck carries product available for immediate sale and product previously ordered through the pre-sale system, (4) the telemarketing system, which could be combined with pre-sales visits and (5) sales through third-party wholesalers of our products.
29
As part of the pre-sale system, sales personnel also provide merchandising services during retailer visits, which we believe enhance the shopper experience at the point of sale. We believe that an adequate number of service visits to retailers and frequency of deliveries are essential elements in an effective selling and distribution system for our products.
Our distribution centers range from large warehousing facilities and re-loading centers to small deposit centers. In addition to our fleet of trucks, we distribute our products in certain locations through electric carts and hand-trucks in order to comply with local environmental and traffic regulations. In some of our territories, we retain third parties to transport our finished products from the bottling plants to the distribution centers.
Mexico. We contract with a subsidiary of FEMSA for the transportation of finished products to our distribution centers from our production facilities. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsRelated Party Transactions. From the distribution centers, we then distribute our finished products to retailers through our own fleet of trucks.
In Mexico, we sell a majority of our beverages at small retail stores to consumers who may take the beverages for consumption at home or elsewhere. We also sell products through the on-premise consumption segment, supermarkets and other locations. The on-premise consumption segment consists of sales through sidewalk stands, restaurants, bars and various types of dispensing machines as well as sales through point-of-sale programs in stadiums, concert halls, auditoriums and theaters.
Brazil. In Brazil, we sold 31.9% of our total sales volume through supermarkets in 2012. Also in Brazil, the delivery of our finished products to customers is completed by a third party, while we maintain control over the selling function. In designated zones in Brazil, third-party distributors purchase our products at a discount from the wholesale price and resell the products to retailers.
Territories other than Mexico and Brazil. We distribute our finished products to retailers through a combination of our own fleet of trucks and third party distributors. In most of our territories, an important part of our total sales volume is sold through small retailers, with low supermarket penetration.
Competition
Although we believe that our products enjoy wider recognition and greater consumer loyalty than those of our principal competitors, the markets in the territories in which we operate are highly competitive. Our principal competitors are local Pepsi bottlers and other bottlers and distributors of national and regional beverage brands. We face increased competition in many of our territories from producers of low price beverages, commonly referred to as B brands. A number of our competitors in Central America, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina offer beer in addition to sparkling beverages, still beverages, and water, which may enable them to achieve distribution efficiencies.
Price discounting and packaging have joined consumer sales promotions, customer service and non-price retailer incentives as the primary means of competition among bottlers. We compete by seeking to offer products at an attractive price in the different segments in our markets and by building on the value of our brands. We believe that the introduction of new products and new presentations has been a significant competitive technique that allows us to increase demand for our products, provide different options to consumers and increase new consumption opportunities. See Sales Overview.
Mexico and Central America. Our principal competitors in Mexico are bottlers of Pepsi products, whose territories overlap but are not co-extensive with our own. We compete with Organización Cultiba, S.A.B. de C.V., a joint venture recently formed by Grupo Embotelladoras Unidas, S.A.B. de C.V., the former Pepsi bottler in central and southeast Mexico, a subsidiary of PepsiCo, and Empresas Polar, S.A., the leading beer distributor and Pepsi bottler in Venezuela. Our main competition in the juice category in Mexico is Grupo Jumex. In the water category, Bonafont, a water brand owned by Grupo Danone, is our main competition. In addition, we compete with Cadbury Schweppes in sparkling beverages and with other national and regional brands in our Mexican territories, as well as low-price producers, such as Ajemex, S.A. de C.V. and Consorcio AGA, S.A. de C.V., that offer various presentations of sparkling and still beverages.
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In the countries that comprise our Central America region, our main competitors are Pepsi and Big Cola bottlers. In Guatemala and Nicaragua, we compete with a joint venture between AmBev and The Central American Bottler Corporation. In Costa Rica, our principal competitor is Florida Bebidas S.A., subsidiary of Florida Ice and Farm Co. In Panama, our main competitor is Cervecería Nacional, S.A. We also face competition from B brands offering multiple serving size presentations in some Central American countries.
South America (excluding Venezuela). Our principal competitor in Colombia is Postobón, a well-established local bottler that sells flavored sparkling beverages (under the brands Postobón and Speed), some of which have a wide consumption preference, such as manzana Postobón (apple Postobón), which is the second most popular flavor in the Colombian sparkling beverage industry in terms of total sales volume. Postobón also sells Pepsi products. Postobón is a vertically integrated producer, the owners of which hold other significant commercial interests in Colombia. We also compete with low-price producers, such as the producers of Big Cola, which principally offer multiple serving size presentations in the sparkling and still beverage industry.
In Brazil, we compete against AmBev, a Brazilian company with a portfolio of brands that includes Pepsi, local brands with flavors such as guaraná, and proprietary beer brands. We also compete against B brands or Tubainas, which are small, local producers of low-cost flavored sparkling beverages in multiple serving presentations that represent a significant portion of the sparkling beverage market.
In Argentina, our main competitor is Buenos Aires Embotellador S.A. (BAESA), a Pepsi bottler, which is owned by Argentinas principal brewery, Quilmes Industrial S.A., and indirectly controlled by AmBev. In addition, we compete with a number of competitors offering generic, low-priced sparkling beverages as well as many other generic products and private label proprietary supermarket brands.
Venezuela. In Venezuela, our main competitor is Pepsi-Cola Venezuela, C.A., a joint venture formed between PepsiCo and Empresas Polar, S.A., the leading beer distributor in the country. We also compete with the producers of Big Cola in part of the country.
Raw Materials
Pursuant to our bottler agreements, we are authorized to manufacture, sell and distribute Coca-Cola trademark beverages within specific geographic areas, and we are required to purchase in some of our territories for all Coca-Cola trademark beverages concentrate from companies designated by The Coca-Cola Company and sweeteners from companies authorized by The Coca-Cola Company. Concentrate prices for sparkling beverages are determined as a percentage of the weighted average retail price in local currency net of applicable taxes. Although The Coca-Cola Company has the right to unilaterally set the price of concentrates, in practice this percentage has historically been set pursuant to periodic negotiations with The Coca-Cola Company.
As part of the cooperation framework that we reached with The Coca-Cola Company at the end of 2006, The Coca-Cola Company provides a relevant portion of the funds derived from the concentrate increase for marketing support of our sparkling and still beverages portfolio. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor ShareholdersCooperation Framework with The Coca-Cola Company.
In addition to concentrate, we purchase sweeteners, carbon dioxide, resin and preforms to make plastic bottles, finished plastic and glass bottles, cans, caps and fountain containers, as well as other packaging materials and raw materials. Sweeteners are combined with water to produce basic syrup, which is added to the concentrate as the sweetener for most of our beverages. Our bottler agreements provide that, with respect to Coca-Cola trademark beverages, these materials may be purchased only from suppliers approved by The Coca-Cola Company, including affiliates of FEMSA. Prices for packaging materials and HFCS historically have been determined with reference to the U.S. dollar, although the local currency equivalent in a particular country is subject to price volatility in accordance with changes in exchange rates. Our most significant packaging raw material costs arise from the purchase of resin, plastic preforms to make plastic bottles and finished plastic bottles, which we obtain from international and local producers. The prices of these materials are tied to crude oil prices and global resin supply. In recent years we have experienced volatility in the prices we pay for these materials. Across our territories, our average price for resin in U.S. dollars decreased approximately 6.0% in 2012 as compared to 2011.
Under our agreements with The Coca-Cola Company, we may use raw or refined sugar or HFCS as sweeteners in our products. Sugar prices in all of the countries in which we operate, other than Brazil, are subject to local regulations and other barriers to market entry that cause us to pay in excess of international market prices for sugar in certain countries. In recent years, international sugar prices experienced significant volatility.
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None of the materials or supplies that we use is presently in short supply, although the supply of specific materials could be adversely affected by strikes, weather conditions, governmental controls or national emergency situations.
Mexico and Central America. In Mexico, we purchase our returnable plastic bottles from Graham Packaging México, S.A. de C.V., known as Graham, which is the exclusive supplier of returnable plastic bottles to The Coca-Cola Company and its bottlers in Mexico. We mainly purchase resin from Indorama Ventures Polymers México, S. de R.L. de C.V. (formerly Arteva Specialties, S. de R.L. de C.V.), M. & G. Polímeros México, S.A. de C.V. and DAK Resinas Americas Mexico, S.A. de C.V., which ALPLA México, S.A. de C.V., known as ALPLA, and Envases Universales de México, S.A.P.I. de C.V. manufacture into non-returnable plastic bottles for us.
We purchase all of our cans from Fábricas de Monterrey, S.A. de C.V., known as FAMOSA, and Envases Universales de México, S.A.P.I. de C.V., through Promotora Mexicana de Embotelladoras, S.A. de C.V., known as PROMESA, a cooperative of Coca-Cola bottlers, in which, as of March 8, 2013, we hold a 30.0% equity interest. We mainly purchase our glass bottles from EXCO Integral Services, S.A. de C.V. (formerly Compañía Vidriera, S.A. de C.V., or VITRO), FEVISA Industrial, S.A. de C.V., known as FEVISA, and Glass & Silice, S.A. de C.V., (formerly Vidriera de Chihuahua, S.A. de C.V., or VICHISA), a wholly owned subsidiary of Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Holding, S.A. de C.V. (formerly FEMSA Cerveza), currently a wholly owned subsidiary of the Heineken Group.
We purchase sugar from, among other suppliers, Piasa and Beta San Miguel, S.A. de C.V., both sugar cane producers in which, as of March 8, 2013, we held an approximate 26.1% and 2.7% equity interest, respectively. We purchase HFCS from CP Ingredientes, S.A. de C.V. and Almidones Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V., known as Almex.
Sugar prices in Mexico are subject to local regulations and other barriers to market entry that cause us to pay higher prices than those paid in the international market for sugar. As a result, sugar prices in Mexico have no correlation to international market prices for sugar. In 2012, sugar prices decreased approximately 15% as compared to 2011.
In Central America, the majority of our raw materials such as glass and plastic bottles are purchased from several local suppliers. We purchase all of our cans from PROMESA. Sugar is available from suppliers that represent several local producers. Local sugar prices, in the countries that comprise the region, have increased mainly due to volatility in international prices. In Costa Rica, we acquire plastic non-returnable bottles from ALPLA C.R. S.A., and in Nicaragua we acquire such plastic bottles from ALPLA Nicaragua, S.A.
South America (excluding Venezuela). In Colombia, we use sugar as a sweetener in most of our products, which we buy from several domestic sources. In 2011, we started to use HFCS as an alternative sweetener for our products. We purchase HFCS from Archer Daniels Midland Company. We purchase plastic bottles from Amcor and Tapón Corona de Colombia S.A. We purchase all our glass bottles from Peldar O-I and cans from Crown, both suppliers in which Grupo Ardila Lulle, owners of our competitor Postobón, own a minority equity interest. Glass bottles and cans are available only from these local sources.
Sugar is available in Brazil at local market prices, which historically have been similar to international prices. Sugar prices in Brazil in recent periods have been volatile, mainly due to the increased demand for sugar cane for production of alternative fuels, and our average acquisition cost for sugar in 2012 decreased approximately 24% as compared to 2011. See Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market RiskCommodity Price Risk. We purchase glass bottles, plastic bottles and cans from several domestic and international suppliers.
In Argentina, we mainly use HFCS that we purchase from several different local suppliers as a sweetener in our products instead of sugar. We purchase glass bottles, plastic cases and other raw materials from several domestic sources. We purchase plastic preforms, as well as returnable plastic bottles, at competitive prices from Embotelladora del Atlántico S.A., a local subsidiary of Embotelladora Andina S.A., a Coca-Cola bottler with operations in Argentina, Chile and Brazil, and other local suppliers. We also acquire plastic preforms from ALPLA Avellaneda S.A. and other suppliers.
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Venezuela. In Venezuela, we use sugar as a sweetener in most of our products, which we purchase mainly from the local market. Since 2003, from time to time, we have experienced a sugar shortage due to lower domestic production and the inability of the predominant sugar importers to obtain permission to import in a timely manner. While sugar distribution to the food and beverages industry and to retailers is controlled by the government, we did not experience any disruptions during 2012 with respect to access to sufficient sugar supply. However, we cannot assure you that we will not experience disruptions in our ability to meet our sugar requirements in the future should the Venezuelan government impose restrictive measures in the future. We buy glass bottles from one local supplier, Productos de Vidrio, S.A., but there are alternative suppliers authorized by The Coca-Cola Company. We acquire most of our plastic non-returnable bottles from ALPLA de Venezuela, S.A. and all of our aluminum cans from a local producer, Dominguez Continental, C.A.
Under current regulations promulgated by the Venezuelan authorities, our ability to import some of our raw materials and other supplies used in our production could be limited, and access to the official exchange rate for these items for us and our suppliers, including, among others, resin, aluminum, plastic caps, distribution trucks and vehicles is only achieved by obtaining proper approvals from the relevant authorities.
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We are subject to different regulations in each of the territories in which we operate. The adoption of new laws or regulations in the countries in which we operate may increase our operating costs, our liabilities or impose restrictions on our operations which, in turn, may adversely affect our financial condition, business and results. Further changes in current regulations may result in an increase in compliance costs, which may have an adverse effect on our future results or financial condition.
Price Controls
Voluntary price restraints or statutory price controls have been imposed historically in several of the countries in which we operate. Currently, there are no price controls on our products in any of the territories in which we have operations, except for those in (i) Argentina, where authorities directly supervise certain products sold through supermarkets to control inflation; and (ii) Venezuela, where the government has recently imposed price controls on certain products including bottled water. See Item 3. Key InformationRisk FactorsRegulatory developments may adversely affect our business.
Taxation of Sparkling Beverages
All the countries in which we operate, except for Panama, impose a value-added tax on the sale of sparkling beverages, with a rate of 16% in Mexico, 12% in Guatemala, 15% in Nicaragua, 13% in Costa Rica, 16% in Colombia (applied only to the first sale in the supply chain), 12% in Venezuela, 21% in Argentina, and 17% (Mato Grosso do Sul and Goiás) and 18% (São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro) in Brazil. Also, our Brazilian bottler is responsible for charging and collecting the value-added tax from each of its retailers, based on average retail prices for each state where we operate, defined primarily through a survey conducted by the government of each state and generally updated every three months. In addition, several of the countries in which we operate impose the following excise or other taxes:
| Guatemala imposes an excise tax of 0.18 cents in local currency (Ps. 0.30 as of December 31, 2012) per liter of sparkling beverage. |
| Costa Rica imposes a specific tax on non-alcoholic bottled beverages based on the combination of packaging and flavor, currently assessed at 16.74 colones (Ps. 0.42 as of December 31, 2012) per 250 ml, and an excise tax currently assessed at 5.79 colones (approximately Ps. 0.15 as of December 31, 2012) per 250 ml. |
| Nicaragua imposes a 9.0% tax on consumption, and municipalities impose a 1% tax on our Nicaraguan gross income. |
| Panama imposes a 5.0% tax based on the cost of goods produced. Panama also imposes a 10% selective consumption tax on syrups, powders and concentrate. |
| Argentina imposes an excise tax of 8.7% on sparkling beverages containing less than 5.0% lemon juice or less than 10.0% fruit juice, and an excise tax of 4.2% on sparkling water and flavored sparkling beverages with 10.0% or more fruit juice, although this excise tax is not applicable to certain of our products. |
| Brazils federal government assesses an average production tax of approximately 4.7% and an average sales tax of approximately 10.8%. Most of these taxes are fixed, based on average retail prices in each state where we operate (VAT) or fixed by the federal government (excise and sales tax). |
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Water Supply
In Mexico, we obtain water directly from municipal utility companies and pump water from our own wells pursuant to concessions obtained from the Mexican government on a plant-by-plant basis. Water use in Mexico is regulated primarily by the Ley de Aguas Nacionales de 1992 (as amended, the 1992 Water Law), and regulations issued thereunder, which created the Comisión Nacional del Agua (the National Water Commission). The National Water Commission is in charge of overseeing the national system of water use. Under the 1992 Water Law, concessions for the use of a specific volume of ground or surface water generally run from five to fifty-year terms, depending on the supply of groundwater in each region as projected by the National Water Commission. Concessionaires may request concession terms be extended before the expiration of the same. The Mexican government is authorized to reduce the volume of ground or surface water granted for use by a concession by whatever volume of water is not used by the concessionaire for two consecutive years. However, because the current concessions for each of our plants in Mexico do not match each plants projected needs for water in future years, we successfully negotiated with the Mexican government the right to transfer the unused volume under concessions from certain plants to other plants anticipating greater water usage in the future. Our concessions may be terminated if, among other things, we use more water than permitted or we fail to pay required concession-related fees and do not cure such situations in a timely manner. Although we have not undertaken independent studies to confirm the sufficiency of the existing groundwater supply, we believe that our existing concessions satisfy our current water requirements in Mexico.
In Argentina, a state water company provides water to our Alcorta plant on a limited basis; however, we believe the authorized amount meets our requirements for this plant. In our Monte Grande plant in Argentina, we pump water from our own wells, in accordance with Law No. 25.688.
In Brazil, we buy water directly from municipal utility companies and we also capture water from underground sources, wells, or surface sources (i.e., rivers), pursuant to concessions granted by the Brazilian government for each plant. According to the Brazilian Constitution, water is considered an asset of common use and can only be exploited for the national interest by Brazilians or companies formed under Brazilian law. Concessionaires and users have the responsibility for any damage to the environment. The exploitation and use of water is regulated by the Código de Mineração (Code of Mining, Decree Law No. 227/67), the Código de Águas Minerais (Mineral Water Code, Decree Law No. 7841/45), the National Water Resources Policy (Law No. 9433/97) and by regulations issued thereunder. The companies that exploit water are supervised by the Departamento Nacional de Produção MineiralDNPM (National Department of Mineral Production) and the National Water Agency in connection with federal health agencies, as well as state and municipal authorities. In the Jundiaí and Belo Horizonte plants, we do not exploit mineral water. In the Mogi das Cruzes and Campo Grande plants, we have all the necessary permits for the exploitation of mineral water.
In Colombia, in addition to natural spring water, we obtain water directly from our own wells and from utility companies. We are required to have a specific concession to exploit water from natural sources. Water use in Colombia is regulated by Law No. 9 of 1979 and Decrees No. 1594 of 1984 and No. 2811 of 1974. In addition, on February 6, 2012, Colombia promulgated Decree No. 303, which requires us to apply for (i) water concessions and (ii) authorization to discharge our water into public waterways. The National Institute of National Resources supervises companies that use water as a raw material for their businesses.
In Nicaragua, the use of water is regulated by the Ley General de Aguas Nacionales (National Water Law), and we obtain water directly from our own wells. In Costa Rica, the use of water is regulated by the Ley de Aguas (Water Law). In both of these countries, we own and exploit our own water wells granted to us through governmental concessions. In Guatemala, no license or permits are required to exploit water from the private wells in our own plants. In Panama, we acquire water from a state water company, and the use of water is regulated by the Reglamento de Uso de Aguas de Panamá (Panama Use of Water Regulation). In Venezuela, we use private wells in addition to water provided by the municipalities, and we have taken the appropriate actions, including actions to comply with water regulations, to have water supply available from these sources, regulated by the Ley de Aguas (Water Law).
We cannot assure you that water will be available in sufficient quantities to meet our future production needs, that we will be able to maintain our current concessions or that additional regulations relating to water use will not be adopted in the future in our territories. We believe we are in material compliance with the terms of our existing water concessions and that we are in compliance with all relevant water regulations.
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Environmental Matters
In all of our territories, our operations are subject to federal and state laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. In Mexico, the principal legislation is the Ley General de Equilibrio Ecológico y Protección al Ambiente (the Federal General Law for Ecological Equilibrium and Environmental Protection) or the Mexican Environmental Law and the Ley General para la Prevención y Gestión Integral de los Residuos (the General Law for the Prevention and Integral Management of Waste) which are enforced by the Secretaría del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (the Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources, or SEMARNAT). SEMARNAT can bring administrative and criminal proceedings against companies that violate environmental laws, and it also has the power to close non-complying facilities. Under the Mexican Environmental Law, rules have been promulgated concerning water, air and noise pollution and hazardous substances. In particular, Mexican environmental laws and regulations require that we file periodic reports with respect to air and water emissions and hazardous wastes and set forth standards for waste water discharge that apply to our operations. We are also subject to certain minimal restrictions on the operation of delivery trucks in Mexico City. We have implemented several programs designed to facilitate compliance with air, waste, noise and energy standards established by current Mexican federal and state environmental laws, including a program that installs catalytic converters and liquid petroleum gas in delivery trucks for our operations in Mexico City. See The CompanyTotal Sales Distribution.
In addition, we are subject to the 1992 Water Law, enforced by the Mexican National Water Commission. The 1992 Water Law, provides that plants located in Mexico that use deep water wells to supply their water requirements must pay a fee to the local governments for the discharge of residual waste water to drainage. Pursuant to this law, certain local authorities test the quality of the waste water discharge and charge plants an additional fee for measurements that exceed certain standards published by the Mexican National Water Commission; in case of non-compliance with the law, penalties may be imposed, including closures. All of our bottler plants located in Mexico have met these standards. In addition, our plants in Apizaco and San Cristóbal are certified with ISO 14001. See Description of Property, Plant and Equipment.
In our Mexican operations, we established a partnership with The Coca-Cola Company and ALPLA, a supplier of plastic bottles to us in Mexico, to create Industria Mexicana de Reciclaje (IMER), a PET recycling facility located in Toluca, Mexico. This facility started operations in 2005 and has a recycling capacity of approximately 25,000 metric tons per year from which 15,000 metric tons can be re-used in PET bottles for food packaging purposes. We have also continued contributing funds to a nationwide recycling company, ECOCE, or Ecología y Compromiso Empresarial (Environmentally Committed Companies). In addition, our plants located in Toluca, Reyes, Cuautitlán, Apizaco, San Cristobal, Morelia, Ixtacomitan, Coatepec, Poza Rica and Cuernavaca have received a Certificado de Industria Limpia (Certificate of Clean Industry).
As part of our environmental protection and sustainability strategies, in December 2009, we, jointly with strategic partners, entered into a wind energy supply agreement with a Mexican subsidiary of the Spanish wind farm developer, GAMESA Energía, S.A., or GAMESA, to supply green energy to our bottling facility in Toluca, Mexico, owned by our subsidiary, Propimex, S. de R.L. de C.V., or Propimex, and to some of our suppliers of PET bottles. The wind farm, which is located in La Ventosa, Oaxaca, is expected to generate approximately 100 thousand megawatt hours annually. The energy supply services began in April 2010. During 2010 and 2011, this wind farm provided us with approximately 45 thousand and 80 thousand megawatt hours, respectively. In 2010, GAMESA sold its interest in the Mexican subsidiary that owned the above mentioned wind farm to Iberdrola Renovables México, S.A. de C.V.
Additionally, several of our subsidiaries have entered into 20-year wind power supply agreements with Energía Alterna Istmeña, S. de R.L. de C.V. and Energía Eólica Mareña, S.A. de C.V. (together, the Mareña Renovables Wind Power Farm) to receive electrical energy for use at our production and distribution facilities throughout Mexico. The Mareña Renovables Wind Farm will be located in the state of Oaxaca and we expect that it will begin operations in 2014.
Our Central American operations are subject to several federal and state laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, which have been enacted in the last ten years, as awareness has increased in this region about the protection of the environment and the disposal of hazardous and toxic materials, as well as water usage. Our Costa Rica and Panama operations have participated in a joint effort along with the local division of The Coca-Cola Company, Misión Planeta (Mission Planet), for the collection and recycling of non-returnable plastic bottles.
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Our Colombian operations are subject to several Colombian federal, state and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment and the disposal of treated water and toxic and hazardous materials. These laws include the control of atmospheric emissions, noise emissions, disposal of treated water and strict limitations on the use of chlorofluorocarbons. For our plants in Colombia, we have obtained the Certificación Ambiental Fase IV (Phase IV Environmental Certificate) demonstrating our compliance at the highest level with relevant Colombian regulations. We are also engaged in nationwide reforestation programs, and national campaigns for the collection and recycling of glass and plastic bottles. In 2011, jointly with the FEMSA Foundation, we were commended with the Western Hemisphere Corporate Citizenship Award for the social responsibility programs we carried out to respond to the extreme weather experienced in Colombia in 2010 and 2011, known locally as the winter emergency. In addition, we also obtained the ISO 9001, ISO 22000, ISO 14001 and PAS 220 certifications for our plants located in Medellin, Cali, Bogota, Barranquilla, Bucaramanga and La Calera, as recognition for the highest quality and food harmlessness in our production processes. Our six plants joined a small group of companies that have obtained these certifications.
Our Venezuelan operations are subject to several Venezuelan federal, state and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment. The most relevant of these laws are the Ley Orgánica del Ambiente (the Organic Environmental Law), the Ley Sobre Sustancias, Materiales y Desechos Peligrosos (the Substance, Material and Dangerous Waste Law), the Ley Penal del Ambiente (the Criminal Environmental Law) and the Ley de Aguas (the Water Law). Since the enactment of the Organic Environmental Law in 1995, our Venezuelan subsidiary has presented the proper authorities with plans to bring our production facilities and distribution centers into compliance with applicable laws, which mainly consist of building or expanding the capacity of water treatment plants in our bottling facilities. Even though we have had to adjust some of the originally proposed timelines due to construction delays, in 2009, we completed the construction and received all the required permits to operate a new water treatment plant in our bottling facility located in the city of Barcelona. At the end of 2011, we concluded the construction of a new water treatment plant in our bottling plant in the city of Valencia, which started operations in February 2012. During 2011, we also commenced construction of a new water treatment plant in our Antimano bottling plant in Caracas, which construction was concluded during the second quarter of 2012. We are also concluding the process of obtaining the necessary authorizations and licenses before we can begin the construction and expansion of our current water treatment plant in our bottling facility in Maracaibo. In December 2011, we obtained ISO 14000 certification for all of our plants in Venezuela.
In addition, in December 2010, the Venezuelan government approved the Ley Integral de Gestión de la Basura (Comprehensive Waste Management Law), which regulates solid waste management and which may be applicable to manufacturers of products for mass consumption. The full scope of this law has not yet been established.
Our Brazilian operations are subject to several federal, state and municipal laws and regulations related to the protection of the environment. Among the most relevant laws and regulations are those dealing with the emission of toxic and hazardous gases and disposal of wastewater and solid waste, soil contamination by hazardous chemicals, which impose penalties, such as fines, facility closures or criminal charges depending upon the level of non-compliance.
Our production plant located in Jundiaí has been recognized by the Brazilian authorities for its compliance with environmental regulations and for having standards well above those imposed by the law. The plant has been certified for (i) ISO 9001 since 1993; (ii) ISO 14001 since March 1997; (iii) norm OHSAS 18001 since 2005; (iv) ISO 22000 since 2007; and (v) PAS: 220 since 2010. In Brazil it is also necessary to obtain concessions from the government to cast drainage. In December 2010, we increased the capacity of the water treatment plant in our Jundiaí facility. In 2012, our production plants in Jundiaí and Mogi das Cruzes were certified in standard FSSC22000; our plant located in Campo Grande in the process of obtaining this certification as well.
In Brazil, a municipal regulation of the City of São Paulo, implemented pursuant to Law 13.316/2002, came into effect in May 2008. This regulation requires us to collect for recycling a specified annual percentage of plastic bottles made from PET sold in the City of São Paulo; such percentage increases each year. Beginning in May 2011, we were required to collect for recycling 90% of the PET bottles sold in the City of São Paulo. Currently, we are not able to collect the entire required volume of PET bottles we sell in the City of São Paulo for recycling. If we do not meet the requirements of this regulation, which we believe to be more onerous than those imposed by the countries with the highest recycling standards, we could be fined and be subject to other sanctions, such as the suspension of operations in any of our plants and/or distribution centers located in the City of São Paulo.
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In May 2008, we and other bottlers in the City of São Paulo, through the Associação Brasileira das Indústrias de Refrigerantes e de Bebidas Não-alcoólicas (Brazilian Soft Drink and Non-Alcoholic Beverage Association, or ABIR), filed a motion requesting a court to overturn this regulation due to the impossibility of compliance. In addition, in November 2009, in response to a municipal authority request for us to demonstrate the destination of the PET bottles sold in São Paulo, we filed a motion presenting all of our recycling programs and requesting a more practical timeline to comply with the requirements of the law. In October 2010, the municipal authority of São Paulo levied a fine on our Brazilian operating subsidiary of 250,000 Brazilian reais (approximately Ps. 1,548,874 as of December 31, 2012) on the grounds that the report submitted by our Brazilian operating subsidiary did not comply with the 75% proper disposal requirement for the period from May 2008 to May 2010. We filed an appeal against this fine. In July 2012, the State Appellate Court of São Paulo rendered a decision admitting the interlocutory appeal filed on behalf of ABIR in order to suspend the fines and other sanctions to ABIRs associated companies, including our Brazilian subsidiary, for alleged noncompliance with the municipal regulation up to the final resolution of the lawsuit. We are currently awaiting final resolution on both matters.
In August 2010, Law No. 12.305/2010 established the Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy. This policy is based on the principle of shared responsibility between the government, companies and the public, and provides for the post-consumption return of products to companies and requires public authorities to implement waste management programs. This law is regulated by Federal Decree No. 7.404/2010, and was published in December 2010. We are currently discussing with the relevant authorities the impact this law may have on Brazilian companies in complying with the regulation in effect in the City of São Paulo. In response to the Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy, in December 2012, a proposal was provided to the Ministry of the Environment by almost 30 associations involved in the packaging sector, including ABIR in its capacity as representative for The Coca-Cola Company, our Brazilian subsidiary and other bottlers. The agreement proposed creating a coalition to implement systems for reverse logistics packaging non-dangerous waste that make up the dry fraction of municipal solid waste or equivalent. The goal of the proposal is to create methodologies for sustainable development, and protect the environment, society and the economy. We have not yet received a response from the Ministry of Environment.
Our Argentine operations are subject to federal and municipal laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment. The most significant of these are regulations concerning waste water discharge, which are enforced by the Secretaría de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sustentable (the Ministry of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development) and the Organismo Provincial para el Desarrollo Sostenible (the Provincial Organization for Sustainable Development) for the province of Buenos Aires. Our Alcorta plant is in compliance with environmental standards and we have been certified for ISO 14001:2004 for the plants and operative units in Buenos Aires.
For all of our plant operations, we employ an environmental management system: Sistema de Administración Ambiental (Environmental Administration System, or EKOSYSTEM) that is contained within the Sistema Integral de Calidad (Integral Quality System or SICKOF).
We have expended, and may be required to expend in the future, funds for compliance with and remediation under local environmental laws and regulations. Currently, we do not believe that such costs will have a material adverse effect on our results or financial condition. However, since environmental laws and regulations and their enforcement are becoming increasingly stringent in our territories, and there is increased recognition by local authorities of the need for higher environmental standards in the countries where we operate, changes in current regulations may result in an increase in costs, which may have an adverse effect on our future results or financial condition. Management is not aware of any significant pending regulatory changes that would require a significant amount of additional remedial capital expenditures.
We do not believe that our business activities pose a material risk to the environment, and we believe that we are in material compliance with all applicable environmental laws and regulations.
Other regulations
In December 2009, the Venezuelan government issued a decree requiring a reduction in energy consumption by at least 20% for industrial companies whose consumption is greater than two megawatts per hour and to submit an energy-usage reduction plan. Some of our bottling operations in Venezuela outside of Caracas met this threshold and we submitted a plan, which included the purchase of generators for our plants. In January 2010, the Venezuelan government subsequently implemented power cuts and other measures for all industries in Caracas whose consumption was above 35 kilowatts per hour.
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In January 2010, the Venezuelan government amended the Ley para la Defensa y Acceso a las Personas a los Bienes y Servicios (Access to Goods and Services Defense Law). Any violation by a company that produces, distributes and sells goods and services could lead to fines, penalties or the confiscation of the assets used to produce, distribute and sell these goods without compensation. Although we believe we are in compliance with this law, consumer protection laws in Venezuela are subject to continuing review and changes, and any such changes could lead to an adverse impact on us.
In July 2011, the Venezuelan government passed the Ley de Costos y Precios Justos (Fair Costs and Prices Law). The purpose of this law is to establish the regulations and administrative processes necessary to maintain the price stability of, and equal access to, goods and services. The law also creates the National Ministry of Costs and Prices, whose main role is to oversee price controls and set maximum retail prices on certain consumer goods and services. Of our products, only certain of our bottled water beverages were affected by these regulations, which mandated to lower our sale prices as of April 2012. Any failure to comply with this law would result in fines, temporary suspension or the closure of operations. While we are currently in compliance with this law, we cannot assure you that the Venezuelan governments future regulation of goods and services will not result in a forced reduction of prices in other of our products, which could have a negative effect on our results of operations.
In May 2012, the Venezuelan government adopted significant changes to labor regulations. This amendment to Venezuelas labor regulations could have a negative impact on our business and operations. The principal changes that impact our operations are: (i) the requirement that employee terminations are now subject to governmental authorization; (ii) retroactive assessments for any modifications to our severance payment system; (iii) the reduction of the maximum daily and weekly work hours (from 44 to 40 weekly); and (iv) the increase in obligatory weekly breaks, prohibiting any corresponding reduction in salaries.
In November 2012, the government of the Province of Buenos Aires adopted Law No. 14,394, which increased the tax rate applied to product sales within the Province of Buenos Aires. If the products are manufactured in plants located in the territory of the Province of Buenos Aires, Law No. 14,394 increases the tax rate from 1% to 1.75%; if the products are manufactured in any other Argentine province, the law increases the tax rate from 3% to 4%.
In January 2012, the Costa Rican government approved a decree which regulates the sale of food and beverages in schools. The decree came into effect in 2012. Enforcement of this law will be gradual, from 2012 to 2014, depending on the specific characteristics of the food and beverage in question. According to the decree, the sale of specific sparkling beverages and still beverages that contain sugar, syrup or HFCS in any type of presentation in schools is prohibited. We will still be allowed to sell water and certain still beverages in schools. We cannot assure you that the Costa Rican government will not further restrict sales of other of our products in schools in the future; any such further restrictions could lead to an adverse impact on our results of operations.
In December 2012, the Costa Rican government repealed Article 61 of their Código Fiscal (Fiscal Code), which had allowed Costa Rican subsidiaries to follow certain specified procedures to prevent tax withholdings on dividends paid to parent companies.
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Coca-Cola Bottler Agreements
Bottler agreements are the standard agreements for each territory that The Coca-Cola Company enters into with bottlers outside the United States. Pursuant to our bottler agreements, we are authorized to manufacture, sell and distribute Coca-Cola trademark beverages within specific geographic areas, and we are required to purchase in some of our territories for all Coca-Cola trademark beverages concentrate from companies designated by The Coca-Cola Company and sweeteners from companies authorized by The Coca-Cola Company.
These bottler agreements also provide that we will purchase our entire requirement of concentrate for Coca-Cola trademark beverages from The Coca-Cola Company and other authorized suppliers at prices, terms of payment and on other terms and conditions of supply as determined from time to time by The Coca-Cola Company at its sole discretion. Concentrate prices for sparkling beverages are determined as a percentage of the weighted average retail price in local currency, net of applicable taxes. Although the price multipliers used to calculate the cost of concentrate and the currency of payment, among other terms, are set by The Coca-Cola Company at its sole discretion, we set the price of products sold to customers at our discretion, subject to the applicability of price restraints. We have the exclusive right to distribute Coca-Cola trademark beverages for sale in our territories in authorized containers of the nature prescribed by the bottler agreements and currently used by our company. These containers include various configurations of cans and returnable and non-returnable bottles made of glass and plastic and fountain containers.
The bottler agreements include an acknowledgment by us that The Coca-Cola Company is the sole owner of the trademarks that identify the Coca-Cola trademark beverages and of the secret formulas with which The Coca-Cola Companys concentrates are made. Subject to our exclusive right to distribute Coca-Cola trademark beverages in our territories, The Coca-Cola Company reserves the right to import and export Coca-Cola trademark beverages to and from each of our territories. Our bottler agreements do not contain restrictions on The Coca-Cola Companys ability to set the price of concentrates charged to our subsidiaries and do not impose minimum marketing obligations on The Coca-Cola Company. The prices at which we purchase concentrates under the bottler agreements may vary materially from the prices we have historically paid. However, under our bylaws and the shareholders agreement among certain subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company and certain subsidiaries of FEMSA, an adverse action by The Coca-Cola Company under any of the bottler agreements may result in a suspension of certain voting rights of the directors appointed by The Coca-Cola Company. This provides us with limited protection against The Coca-Cola Companys ability to raise concentrate prices to the extent that such increase is deemed detrimental to us pursuant to such shareholder agreement and our bylaws. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor ShareholdersThe Shareholders Agreement.
The Coca-Cola Company has the ability, at its sole discretion, to reformulate any of the Coca-Cola trademark beverages and to discontinue any of the Coca-Cola trademark beverages, subject to certain limitations, so long as all Coca-Cola trademark beverages are not discontinued. The Coca-Cola Company may also introduce new beverages in our territories in which case we have a right of first refusal with respect to the manufacturing, packaging, distribution and sale of such new beverages subject to the same obligations as then exist with respect to the Coca-Cola trademark beverages under the bottler agreements. The bottler agreements prohibit us from producing, bottling or handling beverages other than Coca-Cola trademark beverages, or other products or packages that would imitate, infringe upon, or cause confusion with the products, trade dress, containers or trademarks of The Coca-Cola Company, except under the authority of, or with the consent of, The Coca-Cola Company. The bottler agreements also prohibit us from acquiring or holding an interest in a party that engages in such restricted activities. The bottler agreements impose restrictions concerning the use of certain trademarks, authorized containers, packaging and labeling of The Coca-Cola Company so as to conform to policies prescribed by The Coca-Cola Company. In particular, we are obligated to:
| maintain plant and equipment, staff and distribution facilities capable of manufacturing, packaging and distributing the Coca-Cola trademark beverages in authorized containers in accordance with our bottler agreements and in sufficient quantities to satisfy fully the demand in our territories; |
| undertake adequate quality control measures prescribed by The Coca-Cola Company; |
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| develop, stimulate and satisfy fully the demand for Coca-Cola trademark beverages using all approved means, which includes the investment in advertising and marketing plans; |
| maintain a sound financial capacity as may be reasonably necessary to assure performance by us and our affiliates of our obligations to The Coca-Cola Company; and |
| submit annually to The Coca-Cola Company our marketing, management, promotional and advertising plans for the ensuing year. |
The Coca-Cola Company contributed a significant portion of our total marketing expenses in our territories during 2012 and has reiterated its intention to continue providing such support as part of our cooperation framework. Although we believe that The Coca-Cola Company will continue to provide funds for advertising and marketing, it is not obligated to do so. Consequently, future levels of advertising and marketing support provided by The Coca-Cola Company may vary materially from the levels historically provided. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor ShareholdersThe Shareholders Agreement and Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor ShareholdersCooperation Framework with The Coca-Cola Company.
We have separate bottler agreements with The Coca-Cola Company for each of the territories in which we operate, on substantially the same terms and conditions. These bottler agreements are automatically renewable for ten-year terms, subject to the right of either party to give prior notice that it does not wish to renew a specific agreement.
As of December 31, 2012, we had eight bottler agreements in Mexico: (i) the agreements for Mexicos Valley territory, which expire in June 2013 and April 2016, (ii) the agreements for the Central territory, which expire in August 2013, May 2015 and July 2016, (iii) the agreement for the Northeast territory, which expires in September 2014, (iv) the agreement for the Bajio territory, which expires in May 2015, and (v) the agreement for the Southeast territory, which expires in June 2013. Our bottler agreements with The Coca-Cola Company will expire for our territories in other countries as follows: Argentina in September 2014; Brazil in April 2014; Colombia in June 2014; Venezuela in August 2016; Guatemala in March 2015; Costa Rica in September 2017; Nicaragua in May 2016 and Panama in November 2014.
The bottler agreements are subject to termination by The Coca-Cola Company in the event of default by us. The default provisions include limitations on the change in ownership or control of our company and the assignment or transfer of the bottler agreements and are designed to preclude any person not acceptable to The Coca-Cola Company from obtaining an assignment of a bottler agreement or from acquiring our company independently of other rights set forth in the shareholders agreement. These provisions may prevent changes in our principal shareholders, including mergers or acquisitions involving sales or dispositions of our capital stock, which will involve an effective change of control, without the consent of The Coca-Cola Company. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor ShareholdersThe Shareholders Agreement.
We have also entered into tradename license agreements with The Coca-Cola Company pursuant to which we are authorized to use certain trademark names of The Coca-Cola Company with our corporate name. These agreements have a ten-year term and are automatically renewed for ten-year terms, but are terminated if we cease to manufacture, market, sell and distribute Coca-Cola trademark products pursuant to the bottler agreements or if the shareholders agreement is terminated. The Coca-Cola Company also has the right to terminate a license agreement if we use its trademark names in a manner not authorized by the bottler agreements.
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DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT
Over the past several years, we made significant capital investments to modernize our facilities and improve operating efficiency and productivity, including:
| increasing the annual capacity of our bottling plants by installing new production lines; |
| installing clarification facilities to process different types of sweeteners; |
| installing plastic bottle-blowing equipment; |
| modifying equipment to increase flexibility to produce different presentations, including faster sanitation and changeover times on production lines; and |
| closing obsolete production facilities. |
See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsCapital Expenditures.
As of December 31, 2012, we owned 37 bottling plants company-wide. By country, as of such date, we had sixteen bottling facilities in Mexico, five in Central America, six in Colombia, four in Venezuela, four in Brazil and two in Argentina.
As of December 31, 2012, we operated 246 distribution centers, approximately 50% of which were in our Mexican territories. As of such date, we owned more than 86% of these distribution centers and leased the remainder. See The CompanyProduct Sales and Distribution.
We maintain an all risk insurance policy covering our properties (owned and leased), machinery and equipment and inventories as well as losses due to business interruptions. The policy covers damages caused by natural disaster, including hurricane, hail, earthquake and damages caused by human acts, including explosion, fire, vandalism, riot and losses incurred in connection with goods in transit. In addition, we maintain an all risk liability insurance policy that covers product liability. We purchase our insurance coverage through an insurance broker. In most cases the policies are issued by Allianz México, S.A., Compañía de Seguros, and the coverage is partially reinsured in the international reinsurance market.
The table below summarizes by country principal use, installed capacity and percentage utilization of our production facilities:
Bottling Facility Summary
As of December 31, 2012
Country |
Installed Capacity (thousands of unit cases) |
Utilization(1) (%) |
||||||
Mexico |
2,671,963 | 62.0 | ||||||
Guatemala |
35,527 | 77.0 | ||||||
Nicaragua |
66,516 | 60.0 | ||||||
Costa Rica |
81,424 | 56.0 | ||||||
Panama |
55,863 | 52.0 | ||||||
Colombia |
514,813 | 49.0 | ||||||
Venezuela |
288,751 | 69.0 | ||||||
Brazil |
720,704 | 64.0 | ||||||
Argentina |
347,307 | 62.0 |
(1) | Annualized rate. |
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The table below summarizes by country plant location and facility area of our production facilities:
Bottling Facility by Location
As of December 31, 2012
Country |
Plant |
Facility Area (thousands of sq. meters) |
||||
Mexico |
San Cristóbal de las Casas, Chiapas | 45 | ||||
Cuautitlán, Estado de México | 35 | |||||
Los Reyes la Paz, Estado de México | 50 | |||||
Toluca, Estado de México | 242 | |||||
León, Guanajuato | 124 | |||||
Morelia, Michoacán | 50 | |||||
Ixtacomitán, Tabasco | 117 | |||||
Apizaco, Tlaxcala | 80 | |||||
Coatepec, Veracruz | 142 | |||||
La Pureza Altamira, Tamaulipas | 300 | |||||
Poza Rica, Veracruz | 42 | |||||
Pacífico, Estado de México | 89 | |||||
Cuernavaca, Morelos | 37 | |||||
Toluca, Estado de México | 41 | |||||
San Juan del Río, Querétaro | 84 | |||||
Querétaro, Querétaro | 80 | |||||
Guatemala |
Guatemala City | 47 | ||||
Nicaragua |
Managua | 54 | ||||
Costa Rica |
Calle Blancos, San José | 52 | ||||
Coronado, San José | 14 | |||||
Panama |
Panama City | 29 | ||||
Colombia |
Barranquilla | 37 | ||||
Bogotá, DC | 105 | |||||
Bucaramanga | 26 | |||||
Cali | 76 | |||||
Manantial, Cundenamarca | 67 | |||||
Medellín | 47 | |||||
Venezuela |
Antímano | 15 | ||||
Barcelona | 141 | |||||
Maracaibo | 68 | |||||
Valencia | 100 | |||||
Brazil |
Campo Grande | 36 | ||||
Jundiaí | 191 | |||||
Mogi das Cruzes | 119 | |||||
Belo Horizonte | 73 | |||||
Argentina |
Alcorta, Buenos Aires | 73 | ||||
Monte Grande, Buenos Aires | 32 |
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The table below sets forth all of our direct and indirect significant subsidiaries and the percentage of equity of each subsidiary we owned directly or indirectly as of December 31, 2012:
Name of Company |
Jurisdiction of Incorporation |
Percentage Owned |
Description | |||
Propimex, S. de R.L. de C.V |
Mexico | 100.0% | Manufacturer and distributor of bottled beverages. | |||
Controladora Interamericana de Bebidas, S. de R.L. de C.V.(1) |
Mexico | 100.0% | Holding company of manufacturers and distributors of beverages. | |||
Spal Industria Brasileira de Bebidas, S.A. |
Brazil | 98.2% | Manufacturer and distributor of bottled beverages. | |||
Coca-Cola FEMSA de Venezuela S.A. |
Venezuela | 100.0% | Manufacturer and distributor of bottled beverages. | |||
Industria Nacional de Gaseosas, S.A. |
Colombia | 100.0% | Manufacturer and distributor of bottled beverages. |
(1) | On September 24, 2012, Controladora Interamericana de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V. was converted into Controladora Interamericana de Bebidas, S. de R.L. de C.V. (a limited liability company). |
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Item 4A. Unresolved Staff Comments
None.
Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects
General
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with, and is qualified in its entirety by reference to, our consolidated financial statements including the notes thereto. Our consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with IFRS as issued by the IASB.
Average Price Per Unit Case. We use average price per unit case to analyze average pricing trends in the different territories in which we operate. We calculate average price per unit case by dividing net sales by total sales volume. Sales of beer in Brazil, which are not included in our sales volumes, are excluded from this calculation.
Effects of Changes in Economic Conditions. Our results are affected by changes in economic conditions in Mexico and in the other countries in which we operate. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, 39.2% and 36.2%, respectively, of our total revenues were attributable to Mexico. In addition to Mexico, we also conduct operations in Central America, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina.
Our future results may be significantly affected by the general economic and financial conditions in the countries where we operate. Decreases in economic growth rates, periods of negative growth, devaluation of local currencies, increases in inflation or interest rates and political developments may result in lower demand for our products, lower real pricing or a shift to lower margin products or lower margin presentations.
The Mexican economy continues to be heavily influenced by the U.S. economy, and therefore, further deterioration in economic conditions in, or delays in recovery of, the U.S. economy may hinder any recovery in Mexico. In addition, an increase in interest rates in Mexico would increase our cost of Mexican peso-denominated variable interest rate indebtedness and would have an adverse effect on our financial condition. Depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar increases the cost to us of a portion of the raw materials we acquire, the price of which is paid in or determined with reference to U.S. dollars, and of our debt obligations denominated in U.S. dollars and thereby may negatively affect our financial condition.
Recent Developments
Presentation in IFRS. The following discussion should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in this annual report. Our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS. We began reporting under IFRS for the year ending December 31, 2012, with an IFRS adoption date of December 31, 2012 and a transition date to IFRS of January 1, 2011. Note 27 and Note 2 to our audited consolidated financial statements contain the reconciliations and explanations of how the transition to IFRS has affected our companys consolidated financial position, financial performance and cash flows as of January 1 and December 31, 2011.
In connection with our adoption of IFRS, we relied on certain exemptions and exceptions from IFRS that are required or permitted in connection with the initial adoption of IFRS. The mandatory exceptions on which we relied are those relating to (1) accounting estimates; (2) non-controlling interest, to which we prospectively applied the requirements related to non-controlling interests in IAS 27, Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements, as of the transition date; (3) the application of derecognition of financial assets and liabilities; and (4) hedge accounting.
Below we describe the optional exemptions on which we relied. See Note 27 to our audited consolidated financial statements.
| Deemed Cost. An entity may elect to measure an item or all of its property, plant and equipment at its transition date at its fair value and use that fair value as its deemed cost as of that date. In addition, under IFRS 1, as a first-time adopter of IFRS, we may elect to use the revaluation of an item of property, plant and equipment made under Mexican FRS as of, or before, the transition date as the deemed cost as of the date of the revaluation if the revaluation was, as of the date of the revaluation, broadly comparable to: (i) fair value or (ii) cost or depreciated cost in accordance with IFRS, adjusted to reflect changes in a general or specific price index. The application of this exemption is detailed in Note 27.2.4(h) to our consolidated financial statements. This exemption affected our accounting in the following ways: |
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| We have presented our property, plant, and equipment and our intangible assets at IFRS historical cost in all countries. |
| In Mexico, under Mexican FRS, we ceased recording hyperinflationary adjustments to our property, plant and equipment as of December 31, 2007, which was the year when the Mexican economy was no longer considered hyperinflationary under Mexican FRS. According to IAS 29, Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies, the last hyperinflationary period for the Mexican peso was in 1998. As a result of adopting IFRS, we eliminated the cumulative hyperinflation that we had recognized within long-lived assets for our Mexican operations, based on Mexican FRS, during the years 1999 through 2007, which were not deemed hyperinflationary for IFRS purposes. |
| In Venezuela, this IFRS historical cost represents actual historical cost in the year of acquisition, indexed for inflation in a hyperinflationary economy based on the provisions of IAS 29. |
| We applied the exemption from retroactively recalculating the translation differences in the financial statements of foreign operations; accordingly, as of the transition date, we reset the cumulative translation effect to retained earnings. If we had adopted the fair value methodology under IFRS, the cost of our property, plant and equipment would have been determined based on an appraisal as of the date of transition and following periods. Additionally, in relation to the cumulative translation effect, we would have been able to reclassify the translation effect only for subsidiaries in countries experiencing hyperinflation, as defined under IFRS. |
| Business Combinations and Acquisitions of Associated Companies and Joint Ventures. We elected not to apply IFRS 3, Business Combinations, to business combinations or acquisitions of associated companies or joint ventures prior to our transition date. IFRS differs from Mexican FRS particularly with respect to the recognition and valuation of employment obligations, property, plant and equipment and other liabilities. As a result, the assignment of net values would have been different under IFRS. |
| Borrowing Costs. We began capitalizing our borrowing costs at the transition date in accordance with IAS 23, Borrowing Costs. The borrowing costs included previously under Mexican FRS were subject to the deemed cost exemption mentioned in the first bullet above. If we had adopted the borrowing costs methodology under IFRS, the net values would have been different under IFRS. |
Note 28 to our audited consolidated financial statements discusses new accounting pronouncements under IFRS that will become effective in 2013. We do not expect that any of these will have an impact on the presentation of our financial statements.
Recent Exchange Rate Development. In February 2013, the Venezuelan government announced a devaluation of its official exchange rate from 4.30 to 6.30 bolivars per U.S. dollar. Beginning February 2013, we will use 6.30 bolivars per U.S. dollar as the exchange rate to translate our financial statements to our reporting currency, pursuant to the applicable accounting rules. As of December 31, 2012, the financial statements were translated to Mexican pesos using the exchange rate of 4.30 bolivars per U.S. dollar. As a result of this devaluation, the balance sheet of our Venezuelan subsidiary reflected a reduction in equity of Ps. 3,456, which will be accounted for as a reduction in our cumulative foreign currency translation adjustment at the time of the devaluation in February 2013.
Recent Acquisitions. In December, 2012, we reached an agreement with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire a 51% non-controlling majority stake of CCBPI for US $688.5 million in an all-cash transaction. We closed this transaction on January 25, 2013. The implied enterprise value of 100% of CCPBI is US$ 1,350 million. We will have an option to acquire all of the remaining 49% of the capital stock of CCBPI at any time during the seven years following the closing, at the same enterprise value adjusted for a carrying cost and certain other adjustments. We will have a put option, exercisable six years after the initial closing, to sell our ownership in CCBPI back to The Coca-Cola Company at a price that will be calculated using the same EBITDA multiple used in the acquisition of the 51% stake of CCBPI, capped at the aggregate enterprise value for the amount acquired, adjusted for certain items. We will be managing the day-to-day operations of the business. The Coca-Cola Company will have certain rights on the operational business plan. Given the terms of both the options agreements and our shareholders agreement with The Coca-Cola Company, we will not consolidate the results of CCBPI. We will recognize the results of CCBPI using the equity method.
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In January 2013 we entered into an agreement to merge Grupo Yoli into our company. Grupo Yoli operates in Mexico, mainly in the state of Guerrero, Mexico as well as in parts of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. The merger agreement was approved by both our and Grupo Yolis boards of directors and is subject to the approval of the CFC and the shareholders meetings of both companies. The aggregate enterprise value of this transaction was Ps. 8,806 million. We will issue approximately 42.4 million new Series L shares to the shareholders of Grupo Yoli once the transaction closes. As part of this transaction, we will increase our participation in Piasa by 9.5%. We expect to close this transaction in the second quarter of 2013.
Critical Accounting Estimates
In the application of our accounting policies, which are described in Notes 2 and 3 to our audited consolidated financial statements, management is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised, if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods, if the revision affects both current and future periods.
Key sources of uncertainty of estimates. The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of uncertainty of estimates at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.
Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising beyond our control. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.
Impairment of indefinite lived intangible assets, goodwill and other depreciable long-lived assets. Intangible assets with indefinite lives, as well as goodwill, are subject to annual impairment tests. An impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit (CGU) exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use.
We calculate the fair value less costs to sell based on available data from binding sales transactions in arms length transactions of similar assets or observable market prices, less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. In order to determine whether such assets are impaired, we initially calculate an estimation of the value in use of the cash-generating units to which such assets have been allocated. The value in use calculation requires management to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise from the cash-generating unit and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value. We annually review the carrying value of our intangible assets with indefinite lives and goodwill for impairment based on recognized valuation techniques. While we believe that our estimates are reasonable, different assumptions regarding such estimates could materially affect our evaluations. Impairment losses are recognized in current earnings in the period the related impairment is determined.
We assess at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, we estimate the assets recoverable amount. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs to sell, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples, quoted share prices for publicly traded subsidiaries or other available fair value indicators. The key assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount for our CGUs, including a sensitivity analysis, are further explained in Notes 3.15 and 12 to our consolidated financial statements.
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Useful lives of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with defined useful lives. Property, plant and equipment, including returnable bottles, which are expected to provide benefits over a period of more than one year, as well as intangible assets with defined useful lives are depreciated/amortized over their estimated useful lives. We base our estimates on the experience of our technical personnel as well as based on our experience in the industry for similar assets. See Notes 3.11, 11 and 12 to our consolidated financial statements.
Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits. We annually evaluate the reasonableness of the assumptions used in our post-employment and other non-current employee benefit computations. Information about such assumptions is described in Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements.
Income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. For our Mexican subsidiaries, we recognize deferred income taxes, based on their financial projections depending on whether we expect that they will incur the regular income tax (ISR) or the business flat tax (IETU) in the future. Additionally, we regularly review our deferred tax assets for recoverability, and we record a deferred tax asset based on our judgment regarding the probability of historical taxable income, projected future taxable income and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences. See Note 24 to our consolidated financial statements.
Tax, labor and legal contingencies and provisions. We are subject to various claims and contingencies related to tax, labor and legal proceedings as described in Note 25 to our consolidated financial statements. Due to their nature, such legal proceedings involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties and governmental actions. Management periodically assesses the probability of loss for such contingencies and accrues a provision and/or discloses the relevant circumstances, as appropriate. If the potential loss of any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, we accrue a provision for the estimated loss.
Valuation of financial instruments. We are required to measure all derivative financial instruments at fair value. The fair values of derivative financial instruments are determined considering quoted prices in recognized markets. If such instruments are not traded, fair value is determined by applying techniques based on technical models, supported by sufficient reliable and verifiable data recognized in the financial sector. We base our forward price curves upon market price quotations. Management believes that the chosen valuation techniques and assumptions used are appropriate in determining the fair value of financial instruments. See Note 20 to our consolidated financial statements.
Business combinations. Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the (i) fair value of the assets transferred by us as of the acquisition date, (ii) liabilities assumed by us to the former owners of the acquire, and (iii) equity interests issued by us in exchange for control of the acquiree.
At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognized at their fair value, except for:
| deferred tax assets or liabilities, and assets or liabilities related to employee benefit arrangements, are recognized and measured in accordance with IAS 12, Income Taxes and IAS 19, Employee Benefits, respectively; |
| liabilities or equity instruments related to share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree or our share-based payment arrangements entered into to replace share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree are measured in accordance with IFRS 2, Share-based Payment at the Acquisition Date, see Note 3.23; and |
| assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale and measured in accordance with IFRS 5, Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations. |
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of our companys previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. If, after reassessment, the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree and the fair value of our companys previously held interest in the acquiree (if any), the excess is recognized immediately in profit or loss as a bargain purchase gain.
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For each business combination, we elect whether it measures the non-controlling interest in the acquiree either at fair value or at the proportionate share of the acquirees identifiable net assets.
Investments in associated companies. If we hold, directly or indirectly, 20 percent or more of the voting power of an investee, it is presumed that it has significant influence, unless it can be clearly demonstrated that this is not the case. If we hold, directly or indirectly, less than 20 percent of the voting power of a corporate investee, it is presumed that we do not have significant influence, unless such influence can be clearly demonstrated. Decisions regarding the propriety of utilizing the equity method of accounting for a less than 20 percent-owned corporate investee requires a careful evaluation of voting rights and their impact on our ability to exercise significant influence. Management considers the existence of the following circumstances, which may indicate that we are in a position to exercise significant influence over a less than 20 percent-owned corporate investee:
| representation on the board of directors or equivalent governing body of the investee; |
| participation in policy-making processes, including participation in decisions about dividends or other distributions; |
| material transactions between our company and the investee; |
| interchange of managerial personnel; or |
| provision of essential technical information. |
Management also considers the existence and effect of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or currently convertible when assessing whether we have significant influence.
In addition, we evaluate the indicators that provide evidence of significant influence:
| our extent of ownership is significant relative to other shareholdings (i.e., a lack of concentration of other shareholders); |
| our significant shareholders, our parent, fellow subsidiaries, or our officers, hold additional investments in the investee; and |
| we are a part of significant investee committees, such as the executive committee or the finance committee. |
49
Results
The following table sets forth our consolidated income statements for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||
(in millions of Mexican pesos or millions of U.S. dollars, except per share data) |
||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Net sales |
US$ | 11,332 | Ps. | 146,907 | Ps. | 122,638 | ||||||
Other operating revenues |
64 | 832 | 586 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total revenues |
11,396 | 147,739 | 123,224 | |||||||||
Cost of goods sold |
6,102 | 79,109 | 66,693 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Gross profit |
5,294 | 68,630 | 56,531 | |||||||||
Costs and expenses: |
||||||||||||
Administrative expenses |
480 | 6,217 | 5,140 | |||||||||
Selling expenses |
3,103 | 40,223 | 32,093 | |||||||||
Other income |
42 | 545 | 685 | |||||||||
Other expenses |
115 | 1,497 | 2,060 | |||||||||
Interest expense |
151 | 1,955 | 1,729 | |||||||||
Interest income |
33 | 424 | 616 | |||||||||
Foreign exchange gain, net |
21 | 272 | 61 | |||||||||
Gain on monetary position for subsidiaries in hyperinflationary economies |
| | 61 | |||||||||
Market value (gain) loss on financial instruments |
(1 | ) | (13 | ) | 138 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Income before income taxes and share of the profit of associated companies and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method |
1,542 | 19,992 | 16,794 | |||||||||
Income taxes |
484 | 6,274 | 5,667 | |||||||||
Share of the profit of associated companies and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method, net of taxes |
14 | 180 | 86 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Consolidated net income |
US$ | 1,072 | Ps. | 13,898 | Ps. | 11,213 | ||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
1,028 | 13,333 | 10,662 | |||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
44 | 565 | 551 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Consolidated net income |
US$ | 1,072 | Ps. | 13,898 | Ps. | 11,213 | ||||||
Net income attributable to equity holders of the parent (U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos): |
||||||||||||
Earnings per share |
US$ | 0.51 | Ps. | 6.62 | Ps. | 5.72 |
(1) | Translation to U.S. dollar amounts at an exchange rate of Ps. 12.96 per US$ 1.00 solely for the convenience of the reader. |
50
Operations by Reporting Segment
The following table sets forth certain financial information for each of our reportable segments for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. See Note 26 to our consolidated financial statements for additional information by reporting segment.
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
(in millions of Mexican pesos) | ||||||||
Total revenues |
||||||||
Mexico and Central America(1) |
66,141 | 51,662 | ||||||
South America (excluding Venezuela)(2) |
54,821 | 51,451 | ||||||
Venezuela |
26,777 | 20,111 | ||||||
Gross profit |
||||||||
Mexico and Central America(1) |
31,643 | 24,576 | ||||||
South America (excluding Venezuela)(2) |
23,667 | 22,205 | ||||||
Venezuela |
13,320 | 9,750 |
(1) | Includes Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. Includes results of Grupo Fomento Queretano from May 2012, Grupo CIMSA from December 2011 and Grupo Tampico from October 2011 in Mexico. |
(2) | Includes Colombia, Brazil and Argentina. |
Results for the Year Ended December 31, 2012 Compared to the Year Ended December 31, 2011
Consolidated Results
Total Revenues. Consolidated total revenues increased 19.9% to Ps. 147,739 million in 2012, as compared to 2011, driven by double-digit total revenue growth in both divisions, including Venezuela, and including the integration of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano into our Mexican operations. Excluding the non-comparable effect of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in our Mexican operations, total revenues grew 11.6%. On a currency neutral basis and excluding the non-comparable effect of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in Mexico, total revenues increased 15.0%.
Total sales volume increased 15.0% to 3,046.2 million unit cases in 2012, as compared to 2011. The integration of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in our Mexican operations accounted for 332.7 million unit cases, of which sparkling beverages represented 62.5%, water 5.1%, bulk water 27.9% and still beverages 4.5%. Excluding non-comparable effects of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in Mexico, total sales volumes grew 2.4% to 2,713.5 million unit cases. On the same basis, the sparkling beverage category grew 2.0%, mainly driven by the Coca-Cola brand, which accounted for more than 65% of incremental volumes. The still beverage category grew 13.5%, mainly driven by the performance of the Jugos del Valle line of business in Mexico, Venezuela and Brazil, and the Del Prado line of business in Central America, representing close to 30% of incremental volumes. Our bottled water portfolio, including bulk water, grew 0.9%, and contributed the balance.
Consolidated average price per unit case increased by 4.4%, reaching Ps. 47.27 in 2012, as compared to Ps. 45.29 in 2011. In local currency, average price per unit case increased in all of our territories mainly driven by price increases implemented during the year and higher volumes of sparkling beverages, which carry higher average prices per unit case.
Gross Profit. Our gross profit increased 21.4% to Ps. 68,630 million in 2012, as compared to 2011. Cost of goods sold increased 18.6%, mainly as a result of higher sweetener costs in Mexico during the first half of the year and the depreciation of the average exchange rate of the Brazilian real, the Argentinian peso and the Mexican peso as applied to our U.S. dollar-denominated raw material costs. Gross margin reached 46.5% in 2012, an expansion of 60 basis points as compared to 2011.
51
The components of cost of goods sold include raw materials (principally soft drink concentrate and sweeteners), packaging materials, depreciation costs attributable to our production facilities, wages and other employment costs associated with the labor force employed at our production facilities and certain overhead costs. Concentrate prices are determined as a percentage of the retail price of our products in local currency net of applicable taxes. Packaging materials, mainly PET and aluminum, and HFCS, used as a sweetener in some countries, are denominated in U.S. dollars.
Administrative and Selling Expenses. Administrative and selling expenses, as a percentage of total revenues, increased 120 basis points to 31.4% in 2012, as compared to 2011. Administrative and selling expenses, in absolute terms, increased 24.7%, mainly as a result of the integration of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in Mexico. In addition, administrative and selling expenses grew as a consequence of higher labor costs in Venezuela and Brazil in combination with higher labor and freight costs in Argentina, and continued marketing investment to reinforce our execution in the marketplace, widen our cooler coverage and broaden our returnable base availability across our territories. During the year ended December 31, 2012, we also recorded additional expenses related to the development of information systems and commercial capabilities in connection with our commercial models, and certain investments related, among others, to the development of new lines of business and non-carbonated beverage categories.
Comprehensive Financing Result. The term comprehensive financing result refers to the combined financial effects of net interest expense, net financial foreign exchange gains or losses, and net gains or losses on monetary position from the hyperinflationary countries in which we operate. Net financial foreign exchange gains or losses represent the impact of changes in foreign-exchange rates on financial assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than local currencies and gains or losses resulting from derivative financial instruments. A financial foreign exchange loss arises if a liability is denominated in a foreign currency that appreciates relative to the local currency between the date the liability is incurred or the beginning of the period, whichever comes first, and the date it is repaid or the end of the period, whichever comes first, as the appreciation of the foreign currency results in an increase in the amount of local currency, which must be exchanged to repay the specified amount of the foreign currency liability.
Comprehensive financing results in 2012 recorded an expense of Ps. 1,246 million, as compared to an expense of Ps. 1,129 million in 2011, mainly due to higher interest expenses.
Income Taxes. Income taxes increased to Ps. 6,274 million in 2012, from Ps. 5,667 million in 2011. During 2012, taxes as a percentage of income before taxes were 31.2% as compared to 33.7% in the previous year. The difference was mainly driven by the recording of an equity tax in our Colombian subsidiary during 2011.
Equity Holders of the Parent. Our consolidated equity holders of the parent increased 25.1% to Ps. 13,333 million in 2012, as compared to the same period of 2011. Earnings per share in 2012 were Ps. 6.62 (Ps. 66.15 per ADS) computed on the basis of 2,015.14 million shares outstanding (each ADS represents 10 Series L Shares) as of December 31, 2012.
Consolidated Results by Reporting Segment
Mexico and Central America
Total Revenues. Total revenues from our Mexico and Central America division increased 28.0% to Ps. 66,141 million in 2012, as compared to 2011. Such growth was supported by the integration of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in our Mexican operations in 2012. Higher volumes, including the recently integrated franchises into our Mexican operations, accounted for approximately 85% of incremental revenues during the year, and increased average price per unit case represented the balance. Average price per unit case reached Ps. 35.11, an increase of 3.1%, as compared to 2011, mainly reflecting selective price increases across our product portfolio implemented in Mexico and Central America over the year. Excluding the non-comparable effect of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in Mexico, total revenues grew 8.3%. On a currency neutral basis and excluding the recently integrated territories into our Mexican territories, total revenues increased approximately 7.5%.
52
Total sales volume in this segment increased 23.9% to 1,871.5 million unit cases in 2012, as compared to 2011. Excluding the non-comparable effect of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in Mexico, volumes grew 1.9% to 1,538.8 million unit cases. On the same basis, sparkling beverage volume increased 2.5%, driven by a 2.7% growth of the Coca-Cola brand and a 1.8% increase in flavored sparkling beverages. Still beverages grew 8.9%, mainly driven by the Jugos del Valle line of products and Powerade. These increases compensated for a 2.6% decline in our bottled water business, including bulk water.
Total sales volume in Mexico increased 25.9% to 1,720.3 million unit cases in 2012, as compared to 1,366.5 million unit cases in 2011. Excluding the non-comparable effect of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano, volumes grew 1.5% to 1,387.6 million unit cases. On the same basis, sales volume in the sparkling beverage category grew 2.4%, driven by the strong performance of the Coca-Cola brand, which grew 2.5%. Sales volume in the still beverage category increased 7.9%, due to the performance of Valle Frut and Powerade. These increases compensated for a 2.8% decline in our bottled water category, including bulk water.
Total sales volume in Central America increased 4.8% to 151.2 million unit cases in 2012, as compared to 144.3 million unit cases in 2011. The sales volume in the sparkling beverage category grew 3.6%, driven by the strong performance of the Coca-Cola brand in Panama and Nicaragua, which grew 11.1% and 5.0% respectively. The bottled water business, including bulk water, grew 8.0% mainly driven by the performance of the Alpina brand. Sales volume in the still beverage category increased 13.8%, due to the introduction of the Del Prado brand.
Gross Profit. Gross profit increased 28.8% to Ps. 31,643 million in 2012, as compared to the same period in 2011. Cost of goods sold increased 27.4%, mainly as a result of higher HFCS costs in Mexico during the first half of the year, in combination with the depreciation of the average exchange rate of the Mexican peso as applied to our U.S. dollar-denominated raw material costs, which were partially offset by lower PET and sugar prices. Gross margin increased from 47.6% in 2011 to 47.8% in 2012.
Administrative and Selling Expenses. Administrative and selling expenses in the Mexico and Central America division, as a percentage of total revenues, increased 90 basis points to 31.7% in 2012, as compared with 2011, mainly as a result of the integration of Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano in Mexico. Additionally, administrative and selling expenses increased as a result of continued investment in marketing across our territories in Mexico and Central America. During the year ended December 31, 2012, we also recorded additional expenses related to the development of information systems and commercial capabilities in connection with our commercial models and certain investments related, among others, to the development of new lines of business and non-carbonated beverage categories. Administrative and selling expenses in this division, in absolute terms, increased 32.0%, as compared to 2011.
South America (excluding Venezuela)
Total Revenues. Total revenues were Ps. 54,821 million in 2012, an increase of 6.5% as compared to 2011 as a result of total revenue growth in Colombia, Argentina and Brazil, which was partially compensated by the negative translation effect of the devaluation of the Brazilian real. Excluding beer, which accounted for Ps. 2,905 million during the year, revenues increased 6.4% to Ps. 51,916 million. Excluding beer, higher average prices per unit case across our operations accounted for close to 70% of incremental revenues and volume growth in every territory contributed the balance. On a currency neutral basis, total revenues increased approximately 11.6%.
Total sales volume in our South America segment, excluding Venezuela, increased 2.0% to 967.0 million unit cases in 2012 as compared to 2011, as a result of growth in every operation. Our sparkling beverage portfolio grew 0.8%, driven by the strong performance of the Coca-Cola brand in Argentina, which grew 5.1% and 3.3% in flavored sparkling beverages. The still beverage category grew 5.8%, mainly driven by the Jugos del Valle line of business in Brazil and the Cepita juice brand and Hi-C orangeade in Argentina. Our bottled water portfolio increased 20.4% mainly driven by the Crystal brand in Brazil and the Brisa brand in Colombia. These increases compensated for a 5.9% decline in the bulk water portfolio.
Total sales volume in Colombia increased 1.5% to 255.8 million unit cases in 2012, as compared to 252.1 million unit cases in 2011. The sales volume in the sparkling beverage category grew 0.7%, driven by the introduction of the Fanta brand and the performance of Quatro. The bottled water business, including bulk water, grew 4.4% mainly driven by the Brisa brand. Sales volume in the still beverage category increased 1.2%, mainly driven by the introduction of FUZE tea.
53
Total sales volume in Argentina increased 3.0% to 217.0 million unit cases in 2012, as compared to 210.7 million unit cases in 2011. The sales volume in the sparkling beverage category grew 2.5%, driven by the strong performance of the Coca-Cola brand, which grew 5.1%. Sales volume in the still beverage category increased 8.1%, mainly driven by the Cepita juice brand and Hi-C orangeade. The bottled water business, including bulk water, grew 7.0% mainly driven by the introduction of the Bonaqua brand.
Total sales volume in Brazil increased 1.8% to 494.2 million unit cases in 2012, as compared to 485.3 million unit cases in 2011. The bottled water business, including bulk water, grew 25.8%, mainly driven by the Crystal brand. Sales volume in the still beverage category increased 8.3%, due to the performance of the Jugos del Valle line of business. The sales volume in the sparkling beverage category remained flat as compared to 2011.
Gross Profit. Gross profit reached Ps. 23,667 million, an increase of 6.6% in 2012, as compared to 2011. Cost of goods sold increased 6.5%, mainly driven by the depreciation of the average exchange rate of the Brazilian real and the Argentinian peso as applied to our U.S. dollar-denominated raw material costs. Gross profit reached 43.2% in 2012, remaining flat as compared to 2011.
Administrative and Selling Expenses. Administrative and selling expenses in South America, excluding Venezuela, as a percentage of total revenues, increased 130 basis points to 28.9% in 2012, as compared with 2011. This increase occurred mainly as a result of higher labor costs in Brazil and higher labor and freight costs in Argentina, in combination with increased marketing investment to reinforce our execution in the marketplace, widen our cooler coverage and broaden our returnable base availability across the division, excluding Venezuela. Administrative and selling expenses in South America, excluding Venezeuela, in absolute terms increased 11.3%, as compared to 2011.
Venezuela
Total Revenues. Total revenues in Venezuela reached Ps. 26,777 million in 2012, an increase of 33.1% as compared to 2011. Average price per unit case was Ps. 128.8 in 2012, an increase of 21.7% as compared to 2011, accounting for close to 75% of incremental revenues. On a currency neutral basis, our revenues in Venezuela increased by 43.0%.
Total sales volume increased 9.4% to 207.7 million unit cases in 2012, as compared to 189.8 million unit cases in 2011. Sales volume in the still beverage category increased 150.0%, due to the introduction of the Del Valle Fresh orangeade. The sales volume in the sparkling beverage category grew 4.9%, driven by the strong performance of the Coca-Cola brand, which grew 7.7%. The bottled water business, including bulk water, grew 12.6% mainly driven by the Nevada brand.
Gross Profit. Gross profit was Ps. 13,320 million in 2012, an increase of 36.6% compared to 2011. Cost of goods sold increased 29.9%. Lower sweetener and PET prices resulted in a gross margin expansion of 120 basis points, to 49.7% in 2012, as compared to 48.5% in 2011.
Administrative and Selling Expenses. Administrative and selling expenses in Venezuela, as a percentage of total revenues, increased 50 basis points to 36.0% in 2012, as compared with 2011. This increase occurred mainly as a result of higher labor costs, in combination with increased marketing investment to reinforce our execution in the marketplace and widen our cooler coverage across the country. Administrative and selling expenses in Venezuela, in absolute terms increased 35.2%, as compared to 2011.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Liquidity. The principal source of our liquidity is cash generated from operations. A significant majority of our sales are on a cash basis with the remainder on a short-term credit basis. We have traditionally been able to rely on cash generated from operations to fund our working capital requirements and our capital expenditures. Our working capital benefits from the fact that most of our sales are made on a cash basis, while we generally pay our suppliers on credit. In recent periods, we have mainly used cash generated from operations to fund acquisitions. We have also used a combination of borrowings from Mexican and international banks and issuances in the Mexican and international capital markets.
54
Our total indebtedness was Ps. 29,914 million as of December 31, 2012, as compared to Ps. 22,362 million as of December 31, 2011. Short-term debt and long-term debt were Ps. 5,139 million and Ps. 24,775 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2012, as compared to Ps. 5,540 million and Ps. 16,821 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2011. Total debt increased Ps. 7,552 million in 2012, compared to year end 2011. Net debt decreased Ps. 3,509 million in 2012 mainly as a result of cash generation. As of December 31, 2012, our cash and cash equivalents were Ps. 23,222 million, as compared to Ps. 11,843 million as of December 31, 2011. As of December 31, 2012, our cash and cash equivalents were comprised of 56% U.S. dollars, 12% Mexican pesos, 9% Brazilian reais, 21% Venezuelan bolivars, 1% Colombian pesos and 1% Argentinean pesos. As of February 28, 2013, our cash and cash equivalents balance was Ps. 14,512 million including US$ 430 million denominated in U.S. dollars. These funds, in addition to the cash generated by our operations, are sufficient to meet our operating requirements.
In February 2013, the Venezuelan government announced a devaluation of its official exchange rate from 4.30 to 6.30 bolivars per U.S. dollar. For further information, please see Note 3 and Note 30 to our consolidated financial statements. Future changes in the Venezuelan exchange control regime, and future currency devaluations or the imposition of exchange controls in any of the countries in which we have operations could have an adverse effect on our financial position and results.
As part of our financing policy, we expect to continue to finance our liquidity needs with cash. Nonetheless, as a result of regulations in certain countries in which we operate, it may not be beneficial or, as in the case of exchange controls in Venezuela, practicable for us to remit cash generated in local operations to fund cash requirements in other countries. Exchange controls like those in Venezuela may also increase the real price of remitting cash to fund debt requirements in other countries. In the event that cash in these countries is not sufficient to fund future working capital requirements and capital expenditures, we may decide, or be required, to fund cash requirements in these countries through local borrowings rather than remitting funds from another country. In addition, our liquidity in Venezuela could be affected by changes in the rules applicable to exchange rates as well as other regulations, such as exchange controls. In the future we may finance our working capital and capital expenditure needs with short-term or other borrowings.
We continuously evaluate opportunities to pursue acquisitions or engage in strategic transactions. We would expect to finance any significant future transactions with a combination of any of cash, long-term indebtedness and the issuance of shares of our company.
55
Sources and Uses of Cash. The following table summarizes the sources and uses of cash for the years in the periods ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, from our consolidated statements of changes in cash flows:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
(in millions of Mexican pesos) | ||||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities |
23,650 | 13,893 | ||||||
Net cash flows used in investing activities(1) |
(10,989 | ) | (12,197 | ) | ||||
Net cash flows from (used in) financing activities |
60 | (3,072 | ) | |||||
Dividends paid |
(5,734 | ) | (4,366 | ) |
(1) | Includes property, plant and equipment, investment in shares and other assets. |
56
Contractual Obligations
The table below sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2012:
Maturity | ||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions of Mexican pesos) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Less than 1 year |
1 3 years | 4 5 years | In excess of 5 years |
Total | ||||||||||||||||
Debt(1) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos |
267 | 6,624 | | 2,495 | 9,386 | |||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
4,098 | 7,795 | | 6,458 | 18,351 | |||||||||||||||
Brazilian reais |
9 | 26 | 17 | 13 | 65 | |||||||||||||||
Colombian pesos |
| 990 | | | 990 | |||||||||||||||
Argentine pesos |
577 | 349 | | | 926 | |||||||||||||||
Capital Leases |
||||||||||||||||||||
Brazilian reais |
4 | 7 | | | 11 | |||||||||||||||
Colombian peso |
185 | | | | 185 | |||||||||||||||
Interest Payments on Debt(2) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos |
724 | 1,480 | 202 | 638 | 3,044 | |||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
394 | 1,259 | 321 | 669 | 2,643 | |||||||||||||||
Brazilian reais |
3 | 6 | 2 | 0.4 | 11 | |||||||||||||||
Colombian pesos |
76 | 53 | | | 129 | |||||||||||||||
Argentine pesos |
113 | 36 | | | 149 | |||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Swaps(3) |
||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos float to fixed |
(4 | ) | (186 | ) | | | (190 | ) | ||||||||||||
Cross Currency Swaps |
||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos to U.S. dollars(4) |
| 46 | | | 46 | |||||||||||||||
Forwards |
||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars to Mexican pesos(5) |
11 | | | | 11 | |||||||||||||||
Collar Options(6) |
||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars to Mexican pesos |
28 | | | | 28 | |||||||||||||||
Operating Leases |
||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos |
189 | 7 | | | 196 | |||||||||||||||
Commodity Hedge Contracts |
||||||||||||||||||||
Sugar(7) |
(151 | ) | (44 | ) | | | (195 | ) | ||||||||||||
Aluminum(8) |
(5 | ) | | | | (5 | ) | |||||||||||||
Expected Benefits to be Paid for Pension and Retirement Plans, Seniority Premiums and Post-employment |
269 | 397 | 177 | 1,035 | 1,878 | |||||||||||||||
Other Long-Term Liabilities(9) |
| | | | |
(1) | Excludes the effect of cross currency swaps. |
(2) | Interest was calculated using the contractual debt as of and nominal interest rate amounts in effect on December 31, 2012. Liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars were converted to Mexican pesos at an exchange rate of Ps. 13.01 per U.S. dollar, the exchange rate reported by Banco de México quoted to us by dealers for the settlement of obligations in foreign currencies on December 31, 2012. |
(3) | Reflects the market value as of December 31, 2012 of interest rates swaps that are considered hedges for accounting purposes. The amounts shown in the table are fair value figures as of December 31, 2012. |
(4) | Cross-currency swaps used to convert U.S. dollar-denominated floating rate debt into Mexican peso-denominated floating rate debt with a notional amount of Ps. 955 million with a maturity date as of April 14, 2014, and Ps. 1,598 million with a maturity date as of May 2, 2014. These cross-currency swaps are considered hedges for accounting purposes, and are related to U.S. dollar-denominated bilateral loans. The amounts shown in the table are fair value figures as of December 31, 2012. |
57
(5) | Reflects the market value as of December 31, 2012 of forward derivative instruments used to hedge against fluctuation in the Mexican pesos. These instruments are considered hedges for accounting purposes. The amounts shown in the table are fair value figures as of December 31, 2012. |
(6) | Reflects the market value as of December 31, 2012 of FX collar options used to hedge against fluctuation in the Mexican peso. A collar is a strategy composed of a call and a put option at different strike levels, with the same notional amount and maturity. It limits the exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations in a similar way as a forward agreement. These instruments are considered hedges for accounting purposes. The amounts shown in the table are fair value figures as of December 31, 2012. |
(7) | Reflects the market value as of December 31, 2012 of futures contracts used to hedge sugar cost. These instruments are considered hedges for accounting purposes. The amounts shown in the table are fair value figures as of December 31, 2012. |
(8) | Reflects the market value as of December 31, 2012 of futures and forward contracts used to hedge aluminum cost. These instruments are considered hedges for accounting purposes. The amounts shown in the table are fair value figures as of December 31, 2012. |
(9) | Other long-term liabilities reflects liabilities whose maturity dates are undefined and depends on a series of circumstances out of our control, therefore these liabilities have been considered to have a maturity of more than five years. |
Debt Structure
The following chart sets forth the debt breakdown of our company and its subsidiaries by currency and interest rate type as of December 31, 2012:
Currency |
Percentage of Total Debt(1)(2) |
Average Nominal Rate(3) |
Average Adjusted Rate(1)(4) | |||
Mexican pesos |
40.1% | 5.8% | 7.1% | |||
U.S. dollars |
52.7% | 3.5% | 3.6% | |||
Colombian pesos |
3.9% | 6.7% | 6.7% | |||
Brazilian reais |
0.3% | 4.5% | 4.5% | |||
Argentine pesos |
3.1% | 18.8% | 18.8% | |||
Venezuelan bolivar |
| | |
(1) | Includes the effects of our derivative contracts as of December 31, 2012, including cross currency swaps from Mexican pesos to U.S. dollars and U.S. dollar. |
(2) | Due to rounding, these figures may not equal 100%. |
(3) | Annual weighted average interest rate per currency as of December 31, 2012. |
(4) | Annual weighted average interest rate per currency as of December 31, 2012 after giving effect to interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps. See Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market RiskInterest Rate Risk. |
Summary of Significant Debt Instruments
The following is a brief summary of our significant long-term indebtedness with restrictive covenants outstanding as of March 8, 2013:
Mexican Peso-Denominated Bonds (Certificados Bursátiles). On April 18, 2011, we issued certificados bursátiles guaranteed by Propimex, S. de R.L. de C.V., our main operating subsidiary in Mexico, in 5-year floating rate and 10-year fixed rate tranches of Ps. 2,500 million each, priced at TIIE + 0.13% and 8.27%, respectively. We have the following certificados bursátiles outstanding in the Mexican securities market:
Issue Date |
Maturity |
Amount | Rate | |||
2011 |
April 11, 2016 | Ps. 2,500 million | 28-day TIIE(1) + 13 bps | |||
2011 |
April 5, 2021 | Ps. 2,500 million | 8.27% |
(1) | TIIE means the Tasa de Interés Interbancaria de Equilibrio (the Equilibrium Interbank Interest Rate). |
58
Our certificados bursátiles contain reporting obligations in which we will furnish to the bondholders consolidated audited annual financial reports and consolidated quarterly financial reports.
4.625% Notes due 2020. On February 5, 2010, we issued 4.625% Senior Notes due on February 15, 2020, in an aggregate principal amount of US$ 500 million. The indenture imposes certain conditions upon a consolidation or merger by us and restricts the incurrence of liens and sale and leaseback transactions by us or our significant subsidiaries. Propimex guaranteed these notes on April 1, 2011.
Bank Loans. As of December 31, 2012, we had a number of loans with individual banks in Mexican pesos, U.S. dollars, Colombian pesos, Brazilian reais, and Argentine pesos, with an aggregate principal amount of Ps. 18,368 million. The bank loans denominated in Mexican pesos and U.S. dollars guaranteed by Propimex contain restrictions on liens, fundamental changes such as mergers and sale of certain assets. In addition, we are required to comply with a maximum net leverage ratio. Finally, some of our bank loans include a mandatory prepayment clause in which the lender has the option to require us to prepay such loans upon a change of control.
We are in compliance with all of our restrictive covenants as of the date of filing of this annual report. A significant and prolonged deterioration in our consolidated results could cause us to cease to be in compliance under certain indebtedness in the future. We can provide no assurances that we will be able to incur indebtedness or to refinance existing indebtedness on similar terms in the future.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements.
Contingencies
We are subject to various claims and contingencies related to tax, labor and legal proceedings. Due to their nature, such legal proceedings involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties and governmental actions.
We have various loss contingencies related to tax, legal and labor proceedings, and have recorded reserves as other liabilities in those cases where we believe an unfavorable resolution is probable. We use outside legal counsel for certain complicated cases. The following table presents the nature and amount of the loss contingencies recorded as of December 31, 2012:
Long-Term | ||||
Tax, primarily indirect taxes |
Ps. 921 | |||
Legal |
279 | |||
Labor |
934 | |||
|
|
|||
Total |
Ps. 2,134 | |||
|
|
Management periodically assesses the probability of loss for such contingencies and accrues a provision and/or discloses the relevant circumstances, as appropriate. If the potential loss of any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, we accrue a provision for the estimated loss.
In recent years, our Mexican, Costa Rican and Brazilian subsidiaries have been required to submit certain information to relevant authorities regarding possible monopolistic practices. See Item 8. Financial InformationLegal ProceedingsMexicoAntitrust Matters. Such proceedings are a normal occurrence in the beverage industry and we do not expect any significant liability to arise from these contingencies.
As is customary in Brazil, we have been required by the tax authorities to collateralize tax contingencies currently in litigation amounting to Ps. 2,164 and Ps. 2,418 million as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively, by pledging fixed assets, or providing bank guarantees.
In connection with certain past business combinations, we have been indemnified by the sellers for certain contingencies. We have agreed to comparable indemnifications provisions in our agreements in connection with our recent merger with Grupo Fomento Queretano. See Item 4. Information on the CompanyThe CompanyCorporate History.
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Capital Expenditures
The following table sets forth our capital expenditures, including investment in property, plant and equipment, deferred charges and other investments for the periods indicated on a consolidated and by reporting segment basis:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||
2012 | 2011 | |||
(millions of Mexican pesos) | ||||
Capital expenditures, net(1) |
10,259 | 7,862 | ||
|
|
(1) | Includes acquisitions and disposals of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and other long-lived assets. |
Year Ended December 31, | ||||
2012 | 2011 | |||
(millions of Mexican pesos) | ||||
Mexico and Central America(1) |
5,350 | 4,120 | ||
South America (excluding Venezuela)(2) |
3,878 | 3,109 | ||
Venezuela |
1,031 | 633 | ||
|
| |||
Total |
10,259 | 7,862 | ||
|
|
(1) | Includes Mexico Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. |
(2) | Includes Colombia, Brazil and Argentina. |
In 2012, we focused our capital expenditures on investments in (1) increasing production capacity, (2) placing coolers with retailers, (3) returnable bottles and cases, (4) improving the efficiency of our distribution infrastructure and (5) information technology. Through these measures, we strive to improve our profit margins and overall profitability.
We have budgeted approximately US $800 million for our capital expenditures in 2013. Our capital expenditures in 2013 are primarily intended for:
| investments in production capacity (primarily for a plant in Brazil and a plant in Colombia); |
| market investments (primarily for the placement of coolers); |
| returnable bottles and cases; |
| improvements throughout our distribution network; and |
| investments in information technology. |
We estimate that of our projected capital expenditures for 2013, approximately 35% will be for our Mexican territories and the remaining will be for our non-Mexican territories. We believe that internally generated funds will be sufficient to meet our budgeted capital expenditure for 2013. Our capital expenditure plan for 2013 may change based on market and other conditions, our results and financial resources.
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We began construction on a production plant in Minas Gerais, Brazil in 2012. This project has required an investment of 400 million Brazilian reais (equivalent to approximately US$ 198 million). We expect that the construction will generate 800 direct and indirect jobs. It is anticipated that the new plant will be completed as of December 2013 and begin operations in the first quarter of 2014. The plant will be located on a parcel of land 300,000 square meters in size, and it is expected that by 2015 the annual production capacity will be approximately 1.2 billion liters of sparkling beverages, representing an increase of approximately 47% as compared to the current installed capacity of our plant in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. The new plant will produce all of our existing brands and presentations of Coca-Cola products.
Historically, The Coca-Cola Company has contributed resources in addition to our own capital expenditures. We generally utilize these contributions for initiatives that promote volume growth of Coca-Cola trademark beverages, including the placement of coolers with retailers. Such payments may result in a reduction in our selling expenses line. Contributions by The Coca-Cola Company are made on a discretionary basis. Although we believe that The Coca-Cola Company will make additional contributions in the future to assist our capital expenditure program based on past practice and the benefits to The Coca-Cola Company as owner of the Coca-Cola brands from investments that support the strength of the brands in our territories, we can give no assurance that any such contributions will be made.
Hedging Activities
We hold or issue derivative instruments to hedge our exposure to market risks related to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and commodity price risk. See Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
The following table provides a summary of the fair value of derivative instruments as of December 31, 2012. The fair market value is estimated using market prices that would apply to terminate the contracts at the end of the period and are confirmed by external sources, which are also our counterparties to the relevant contracts.
Fair Value At December 31, 2012 | ||||||||||
Maturity less than 1 year |
Maturity 1 3 years |
Maturity 4 5 years |
Maturity in excess of 5 years |
Total fair value | ||||||
(millions of Mexican pesos) | ||||||||||
Interest Rate Swaps |
||||||||||
Mexican pesos float to fixed |
(4) | (186) | | | (190) | |||||
Cross Currency Swaps |
||||||||||
Mexican pesos to U.S. Dollars |
| 46 | | | 46 | |||||
Forwards |
||||||||||
U.S. dollars to Mexican Pesos |
11 | | | | 11 | |||||
Collar Options |
||||||||||
U.S. dollars to Mexican Pesos |
28 | | | | 28 | |||||
Commodity Hedge Contracts |
||||||||||
Sugar |
(151) | (44) | | | (195) | |||||
Aluminum |
(5) | | | | (5) |
Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees
Directors
Management of our business is vested in our board of directors and in our chief executive officer. Our bylaws provide that our board of directors will consist of no more than 21 directors and their respective alternates, elected at the annual ordinary shareholders meeting for renewable terms of one year. Our board of directors
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currently consists of 19 directors and 18 alternate directors; 13 directors and their respective alternate directors are elected by holders of the Series A shares voting as a class; five directors and their respective alternate directors are elected by holders of the Series D shares voting as a class; and up to three directors and their respective alternate directors are elected by holders of the Series L shares voting as a class. Directors may only be elected by a majority of shareholders of the appropriate series, voting as a class.
In accordance with our bylaws and article 24 of the Mexican Securities Market Law, at least 25% of the members of our board of directors must be independent (as defined by the Mexican Securities Market Law). The board of directors may designate interim directors in the case that a director is absent or an elected director and corresponding alternate are unable to serve; the interim directors serve until the next shareholders meeting, at which the shareholders elect a replacement.
Our bylaws, as recently amended, provide that when Series B shares are issued, which has not yet occurred, the shareholders of such Series B issued and paid shares that individually or as a group, hold at least 10% of the issued and paid shares of the capital stock of our Company shall have the right to designate and revoke one director and the corresponding alternate, pursuant to Article 50 of the Mexican Securities Law.
Our bylaws provide that the board of directors shall meet at least four times a year. Since our major shareholders amended their Shareholders Agreement in February 2010, our bylaws were modified accordingly establishing that actions by the board of directors must be approved by at least a majority of the directors present and voting, except under certain limited circumstances which must include the favorable vote of at least two directors elected by the Series D shares. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor ShareholdersThe Shareholders Agreement. The chairman of the board of directors, the chairman of our audit or Corporate Practices Committee, or at least 25% of our directors may call a board of directors meeting to include matters in the meeting agenda.
At our ordinary shareholders meeting held on March 5, 2013, the following directors were appointed: 11 directors and their respective alternates were appointed by holders of Series A shares, five directors and their respective alternates were appointed by holders of Series D shares and three directors and their respective alternates were appointed by holders of Series L shares. We currently have appointed 19 of the maximum 21 directors that can be appointed pursuant to our bylaws.
See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsRelated Party Transactions for information on relationships with certain directors and senior management.
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As of the date of this annual report, our board of directors had the following members:
Series A Directors |
||||
José Antonio Fernández Carbajal | Born: | February 1954 | ||
Chairman | First elected: | 1993, as director; 2001 as chairman | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chief Executive Officer, FEMSA. | |||
Other directorships: | Chairman of the board of FEMSA and Fundación FEMSA A.C., Vice President of the supervisory board of Heineken N.V. and Vice President and member of the board of Heineken Holding N.V., Chairman of the board of Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey (ITESM), and member of the boards of Industrias Peñoles, S.A.B. de C.V. (Peñoles), Grupo Televisa, S.A.B. de C.V. (Televisa), Controladora Vuela Compañia de Aviación, S.A. de C.V. (Volaris) BBVA Bancomer, S.A., Grupo Financiero BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V. and Grupo Industrial Bimbo, S.A. de C.V., Chairman of the Advisory Board of Woodrow Wilson Center, Mexico Institute. | |||
Business experience: | Joined FEMSAs strategic planning department in 1988, was appointed Chief Executive Officer of OXXO in 1989, Vice President of Commerce of FEMSA Cerveza and Deputy Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA in 1991 and was appointed Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA in 1995. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Industrial Engineering and a Masters in Business Administration (MBA) from ITESM. | |||
Alternate director: | Alfredo Livas Cantú | |||
Alfonso Garza Garza(1) | Born: | July 1962 | ||
Director | First elected: | 1996 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Executive Vice President, Procurement and Information Technology, FEMSA. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the boards of directors of ITESM and Nutec, S.A. de C.V., and chairman of COPARMEX Nuevo León. | |||
Business experience: | Has experience in several FEMSA business units and departments, including domestic sales, international sales, procurement and marketing, mainly at FEMSA Empaques, S.A. de C.V. or FEMSA Empaques and FEMSA Cerveza, and was Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA Empaques. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Industrial Engineering from ITESM and an MBA from Instituto Panamericano de Alta Dirección de Empresa (IPADE). | |||
Alternate director: | Eva María Garza Lagüera Gonda(3) |
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Series A Directors |
||||
José Luis Cutrale | Born: | September 1946 | ||
Director | First elected: | 2004 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chief Executive Officer of Sucocítrico Cutrale. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the boards of directors of Cutrale North America, Cutrale Citrus Juice, and Citrus Products. | |||
Business experience: | Founding partner of Sucocitrico Cutrale and member of ABECITRUS (the Brazilian Association of Citrus Exporters) and CDES (the Brazilian Governments Counsel for Economic and Social Development). | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in business management. | |||
Alternate director: | José Luis Cutrale, Jr. | |||
Carlos Salazar Lomelín | Born: | April 1951 | ||
Director | First elected: | 2000 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chief Executive Officer, Coca-Cola FEMSA. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the boards of BBVA Bancomer, AFORE Bancomer, S.A. de C.V., Seguros Bancomer, S.A. de C.V., member of the advisory board of Premio Eugenio Garza Sada, Centro Internacional de Negocios Monterrey A.C., Apex and the ITESMs EGADE Business School and Eugenio Garza Sada Award | |||
Business experience: | Has held managerial positions in several subsidiaries of FEMSA, including Grafo Regia, S.A. de C.V. and Plásticos Técnicos Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V., served as Chief Executive Officer of FEMSA Cerveza until 2000. | |||
Education: | Holds a bachelors degree in economics from ITESM, and performed postgraduate studies in business administration at ITESM and economic development in Italy. | |||
Alternate director: | Max Michel González |
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Series A Directors |
||||
Ricardo Guajardo Touché | Born: | May 1948 | ||
Director | First elected: | 1993 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chairman of the board of directors of SOLFI, S.A. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the board of directors of Grupo Valores Monterrey, El Puerto de Liverpool, S.A.B. de C.V., Grupo Alfa, S.A.B. de C.V., BBVA Bancomer, S.A., Grupo Aeroportuario del Sureste, S.A.B. de C.V., Grupo Bimbo, S.A.B. de C.V., Grupo Financiero Bancomer and Grupo Coppel, S.A.B. de C.V. | |||
Business experience: | Has held senior executive positions in FEMSA, Grupo AXA, S.A. de C.V. (Grupo AXA) and Valores de Monterrey. | |||
Education: | Holds degrees in electrical engineering from ITESM and the University of Wisconsin and a masters degree from the University of California at Berkeley. | |||
Alternate director: | Eduardo Padilla Silva | |||
Paulina Garza Lagüera Gonda(2) | Born: | March 1972 | ||
Director | First elected: | 2009 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Business experience: | Private investor | |||
Education: | Holds a Business Administration degree from ITESM. | |||
Alternate director: | Mariana Garza Lagüera Gonda(2) | |||
Federico Reyes García | Born: | September 1945 | ||
Director | First elected: | 1992 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Corporate Development Officer of FEMSA. | |||
Business experience: | Served as Vice President of Finance and Corporate Development of FEMSA, Director of Corporate Staff at Grupo AXA, a major manufacturer of electrical equipment. Has extensive experience in the insurance sector. | |||
Other directorships: | Chairman of the board of directors of Valores de Monterrey and director and alternate director of the board of directors or Optima Energia and Grupo Bimbo, respectively. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Business and Finance from ITESM. | |||
Alternate director: | Alejandro Bailleres Gual |
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Series A Directors |
||||
Javier Gerardo Astaburuaga Sanjines | Born: | July 1959 | ||
Director | First elected: | 2006 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chief Corporate Officer and Chief Financial Officer of FEMSA. | |||
Business experience: | Joined FEMSA as a financial information analyst and later acquired experience in corporate development, administration and finance, held various senior positions at FEMSA Cerveza between 1993 and 2001, including Chief Financial Officer and for two years, was FEMSA Cervezas Director of Sales for the north region of Mexico prior to his current position and until 2003, when he was appointed FEMSA Cervezas Co-Chief Executive Officer. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the board of Heineken N.V. and supervisory board of Heineken N.V. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Certified Public Accountant (CPA) from ITESM. | |||
Alternate director: | Francisco José Calderón Rojas | |||
Alfonso González Migoya | Born: | January 1945 | ||
Independent Director | First elected: | 2006 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chairman of the board of directors and Chief Executive Officer of Grupo Industrial Saltillo, S.A.B. de C.V. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the board of directors of ITESM and several Mexican companies, including the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V. and other financial institutes. | |||
Business experience: | Served from 1995 until 2005 as Corporate Director of Alfa. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Mechanical Engineering from ITESM and an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business. | |||
Alternate director: | Ernesto Cruz Velázquez de León | |||
Daniel Servitje Montull | Born: | April 1959 | ||
Independent Director | First elected: | 1998 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chief Executive Officer of Grupo Bimbo. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the boards of directors of Banco Nacional de Mexico and Grupo Bimbo. | |||
Business experience: | Served as Vice President of Grupo Bimbo. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Business from the Universidad Iberoamericana in Mexico and an MBA from the Stanford Graduate School of Business. | |||
Alternate director: | Sergio Deschamps Ebergenyi | |||
Enrique F. Senior Hernández | Born: | August 1943 | ||
Director | First elected: | 2004 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Managing Director of Allen & Company. | |||
Other directorship: | Member of the boards of directors of Grupo Televisa, Cinemark USA, Inc. and Univision Comunication Inc. | |||
Business experience: | Among other clients, has provided financial advisory services to FEMSA and Coca-Cola FEMSA. | |||
Alternate director: | Herbert Allen III |
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Series D Directors |
||||
Gary Fayard | Born: | April 1952 | ||
Director | First elected: | 2003 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chief Financial Officer, The Coca-Cola Company. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the boards of directors of Coca-Cola Enterprises and Coca-Cola Sabco. | |||
Business experience: | Senior Vice President of The Coca-Cola Company and former Partner of Ernst & Young. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree from the University of Alabama and is licensed as a CPA. | |||
Alternate director: | Wendy Clark | |||
Irial Finan | Born: | June 1957 | ||
Director | First elected: | 2004 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | President of Bottling Investments Group and Supply Chain, The Coca-Cola Company. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the boards of directors of Coca-Cola Enterprises, Coca-Cola Amatil and Coca-Cola Hellenic. | |||
Business experience: | Chief Executive Officer of Coca-Cola Hellenic. Has experience in several Coca-Cola bottlers, mainly in Europe. | |||
Education: | Holds a Bachelors degree in Commerce from National University of Ireland. | |||
Alternate director: | Sunil Ghatnekar | |||
Charles H. McTier | Born: | January 1939 | ||
Independent Director | First elected: | 1998 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Trustee, Robert W. Woodruff Foundation. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the Board of Directors of AGL Resources. | |||
Business experience: | Served as a President of Robert W. Woodruff Foundation during the period 1971-2007 and on the board of directors of nine U.S. Coca-Cola bottling companies in the 1970s and 1980s. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Business Administration from Emory University. | |||
Marie Quintero-Johnson Director |
Born: | October 1966 | ||
First elected: | 2012 | |||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Mergers and Acquisitions Vice President of The Coca-Cola Company. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the Board of Directors of Zico Beverages. | |||
Alternate director: | Gloria Bowden |
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Series D Directors |
||||
Bárbara Garza Lagüera Gonda(2) | Born: | December 1959 | ||
Director | First elected: | 1999 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Private investor. | |||
Other directorships: | Former President/Chief Executive Officer of Alternativas Pacíficas, A.C. (a non-profit organization). | |||
Education: | Holds a Business Administration and an MBA degree from ITESM. | |||
Alternate director: | Kathy Waller | |||
Series L Directors |
||||
Herman Harris Fleishman Cahn Independent Director |
Born: | May 1951 | ||
First elected: | 2012 | |||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | President of the board of directors of Grupo Tampico. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of Banco Nacional de México, S.A., BBVA Bancomer, Banco de México, Teléfonos de México, S.A. and Administración Portuaria Integral de Tampico, S.A. de C.V. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Business from Universidad Iberoamericana, an MBA from Harvard and postgraduate studies certificates from Wharton School, University of Texas, Columbia University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology. | |||
Alternate: | Robert A. Fleishman Cahn | |||
José Manuel Canal Hernando Independent Director |
Born: | February 1940 | ||
First elected: | 2003 | |||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Private consultant. | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the board of directors of FEMSA, Banco Compartamos, S.A., Grupo Kuo, S.A.B. de C.V., Grupo Industrial Saltillo, S.A.B. de C.V., Grupo Acir, S.A. de C.V., Satelites Mexicanos, S.A. de C.V. and Consorcio COMEX. | |||
Business experience: | Consultant and independent director of several Mexican companies. | |||
Education: | Holds a CPA degree from UNAM. | |||
Alternate director: | Helmut Paul |
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Series L Directors |
||||
Francisco Zambrano Rodríguez | Born: | January 1953 | ||
Independent Director | First elected: | 2003 | ||
Term expires: | 2014 | |||
Principal occupation: | Chief Executive Officer of Desarrollo de Fondos Inmobiliarios, S.A. de C.V. (DFI) and Vice President of Desarrollo Inmobiliario y de Valores, S.A. de C.V. (DIV). | |||
Other directorships: | Member of the boards of directors of DFI and DIV, and member of the supervisory board of ITESM. | |||
Business experience: | Has extensive experience in investment banking and private investment services in México. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Chemical Engineering from ITESM and an MBA from The University of Texas at Austin. | |||
Alternate director: | Karl Frei Buechi |
(1) | Cousin of Eva María Garza Lagüera Gonda, Paulina Garza Lagüera Gonda, Mariana Garza Lagüera Gonda and Bárbara Garza Lagüera Gonda. |
(2) | Sister of Eva Maria Garza Lagüera Gonda and sister-in-law of José Antonio Fernández Carbajal. |
(3) | Wife of José Antonio Fernández Carbajal. |
The secretary of the board of directors is Carlos Eduardo Aldrete Ancira and the alternate secretary of the board of directors is Carlos Luis Díaz Sáenz.
In June 2004, a group of Brazilian investors, among them José Luis Cutrale, a member of our board of directors, made a capital contribution equivalent to approximately US$50 million to our Brazilian operations in exchange for approximately 16.9% equity stake in these operations. We have entered into an agreement with Mr. Cutrale pursuant to which he was invited to serve as a director of our company. The agreement also provides for a right of first offer on transfers by the investors, tag-along and drag-along rights and certain rights upon a change of control of either party, with respect to our Brazilian operations.
Pursuant to a shareholders agreement dated October 10, 2011, by and among Mr. Herman Harris Fleishman Cahn, Mr. Robert Alan Fleishman Cahn and FEMSA, Mr. Herman Harris Fleishman Cahn and Mr. Robert Alan Fleishman Cahn will be elected as director and alternate director, respectively, of our board of directors for six consecutive one-year terms, beginning in October 2011. In addition, on such date, Mr. Herman Harris Fleishman Cahn was appointed for an initial period of six months, after which Mr. Robert Alan Fleishman Cahn´s one year term began.
Executive Officers
The following are the principal executive officers of our company:
Carlos Salazar Lomelín(1) | Born: | April 1951 | ||
Chief Executive Officer | Joined: | 2000 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 2000 |
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Héctor Treviño Gutiérrez | Born: | August 1956 | ||
Chief Financial and Administrative Officer | Joined: | 1993 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 1993 | |||
Other business experience: | At FEMSA, was in charge of International Financing, served as General Manager of Financial Planning, General Manager of Strategic Planning and General Manager of Business Development and headed the Corporate Development department. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Chemical and Administrative Engineering from ITESM and an MBA from the Wharton School of Business. | |||
Juan Ramón Felix Castañeda |
Born: | December 1961 | ||
Chief Operating OfficerPhilippines |
Joined: | 1997 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 2012 | |||
Business experience with us: | Has held several positions with us, including New Businesses and Commercial Development Officer, Commercial Director in Mexico, Commercial Development Director in Brazil, Commercial Director for the Bajío division in Mexico, Logistics Director and Sales Manager of the Valley of Mexico. | |||
Other business experience: | Has worked in the Administrative, Distribution and Marketing departments of The Coca-Cola Export Company. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Economics from ITESM and a OneMBA from ITESM and the partner schools from each continent. | |||
Alejandro Duncan Ancira |
Born: | May 1957 | ||
Technical Officer |
Joined: | 1995 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 2002 | |||
Business experience with us: | Infrastructure Planning Director of Mexico. | |||
Other business experience: | Has undertaken responsibilities in different production, logistics, engineering, project planning and manufacturing departments of FEMSA and was a Plant Manager in central Mexico and Manufacturing Director in Buenos Aires. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Mechanical Engineering from ITESM and an MBA from the Universidad de Monterrey. |
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Eulalio Cerda Delgadillo |
Born: | July 1958 | ||
Human Resources Officer |
Joined: | 1996 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 2001 | |||
Business experience with us: | Manager, positions in several departments, including maintenance, projects, packaging and human resources. | |||
Other business experience: | At FEMSA Cerveza, served as New Projects Executive and worked in several departments including marketing, maintenance, packaging, bottling, human resources, technical development and projects. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Mechanical Engineering from ITESM. | |||
John Anthony Santa María Otazúa |
Born: | August 1957 | ||
Chief Operating OfficerSouth America |
Joined: | 1995 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 2011 | |||
Business experience with us: | Has served as Strategic Planning and Business Development Officer and Chief Operating Officer of Mexican operations. He has experience in several areas of our company, namely development of new products and mergers and acquisitions. | |||
Other business experience: | Has experience with different bottler companies in Mexico in areas such as Strategic Planning and General Management. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Business Administration and an MBA with a major in Finance from Southern Methodist University. | |||
Ernesto Silva Almaguer |
Born: | March 1955 | ||
Chief Operating OfficerMexico / Central America | Joined: | 1996 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 2011 | |||
Business experience with us: | Has served as Chief Operating Officer in Buenos Aires and New Business Development and Information Technology Director. | |||
Other business experience: | Has worked as General Director of packaging subsidiaries of FEMSA (Fábricas de Monterrey, S.A. de C.V. and Quimiproductos), served as Vice President of International Sales at FEMSA Empaques and Manager of FEMSAs Corporate Planning and held several positions at Alfa. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Mechanical and Administrative Engineering from Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León and an MBA from The University of Texas at Austin. |
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Gabriel Coindreau Montemayor |
Born: | July 1970 | ||
Strategic Planning Officer |
Joined: | 2001 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 2012 | |||
Business experience with us: | Has served as Director for Organizational Planning | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Electronics and Communications Engineering from ITESM. | |||
Hermilo Zuart Ruíz |
Born: | March 1949 | ||
Strategic Supply Officer |
Joined: | 1992 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 2010 | |||
Business experience with us: | Has served as former New Business Officer, Chief Operating Officer in the Latincentro division, Chief Operating Officer in the Valley of Mexico and Chief Operating Officer in the Southeast Mexico. | |||
Other business experience: | Has undertaken several responsibilities in the manufacturing, commercialization, planning and administrative areas of FEMSA: Franquicias Officer, mainly in charge of Mundet products. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Public Accounting from UNAM and completed a graduate course in Business Management from IPADE. | |||
Rafael Alberto Suárez Olaguibel |
Born: | April 1960 | ||
New Businesses and Commercial Development Officer |
Joined: | 1986 | ||
Appointed to current position: | 2012 | |||
Business experience with us: | Corporate Special Projects Director, Chief Operating Officer Latincentro Division, Commercial Planning and Strategic Development Officer, Chief Operating Officer of Mexico, Chief Operating Officer of Argentina, Distribution and Sales Director of Valley of Mexico, Marketing Director of Valley of Mexico. | |||
Other business experience: | Has worked as Franchises Manager and in other positions at Coca-Cola Company in Mexico. | |||
Education: | Holds a degree in Economics from ITESM and a OneMBA from Consortium ITESM. |
(1) | See Directors. |
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Compensation of Directors and Officers
For the year ended December 31, 2012, the aggregate compensation of all of our executive officers paid or accrued for services in all capacities was approximately Ps. 306.1 million. The aggregate compensation amount includes approximately Ps. 208.2 million of cash bonus awards and bonuses paid to certain of our executive officers pursuant to our incentive plan for stock purchases. See EVA-Based Bonus Program.
The aggregate compensation for directors during 2012 was Ps. 12.9 million. For each meeting attended we paid US$ 10,000 to each director with foreign residence and US$ 6,500 to all other directors with residence in Mexico in 2012.
We paid US$ 3,500 to each of the members of the Audit Committee per each meeting attended, and we paid US$ 2,500 per meeting attended to each of the members of the Finance and Planning and the Corporate Practices Committees.
Our senior management and executive officers participate in our benefit plans on the same basis as our other employees. Members of our board of directors do not participate in our benefit plans. As of December 31, 2012, amounts accrued for all employees under these pension and retirement plans were Ps. 2,394 million, of which Ps. 1,008 million is already funded.
EVA-Based Bonus Program
Our bonus program for executives is based on complying with certain goals established annually by management, which include quantitative and qualitative objectives as well as the completion of special projects.
The quantitative objectives represent approximately 50% of the bonus and are based on the Economic Value Added (EVA) methodology. These quantitative objectives, established for the executives at each entity, are based on a combination of the EVA generated per entity and by our company and the EVA generated by our parent company, FEMSA. The qualitative objectives and special projects represent the remaining 50% of the annual bonus and are based on the critical success factors established at the beginning of the year for each executive.
The bonus amount is determined based on each eligible participants level of responsibility and based on the EVA generated by the applicable business unit the employee works for. This formula is established by considering the level of responsibility within the organization, the employees evaluation and competitive compensation in the market.
The incentive plan target is expressed in months of salary, and the final amount payable is computed based on a percentage of compliance with the goals established every year. The bonuses are recorded as a part of the income statement and are paid in cash the following year. During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the bonus expense recorded amounted to Ps. 375 and Ps. 599, respectively.
Share-based payment bonus plan. We have a stock incentive plan for the benefit of our executive officers. This plan uses as its main evaluation metric the EVA methodology. Under the EVA stock incentive plan, eligible executive officers are entitled to receive a special annual bonus (fixed amount), to purchase FEMSA and Coca-Cola FEMSA shares or options, based on the executives responsibility in the organization, their businesss EVA result and their individual performance. The acquired shares or options are deposited in a trust, and the executives may access them one year after they are vested, at 20% per year. Fifty percent of our annual executive bonus under our stock incentive plan is to be used to purchase FEMSA shares or options and the remaining 50% to purchase our companys shares or options. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011, no stock options had been granted to employees.
The special bonus is granted to eligible employees on an annual basis and after withholding applicable taxes. We contribute the individual employees special bonus (after taxes) in cash to the Administrative Trust (which is controlled and consolidated by FEMSA), which then uses the funds to purchase FEMSA and Coca-Cola FEMSA shares (as instructed by the Corporate Practices Committe), which are then allocated to such employee.
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Coca-Cola FEMSA accounts for its share-based payment bonus plan as an equity-settled share-based payment transaction, since it is its parent company, FEMSA, who ultimately grants and settles any shares due to executives.
Share Ownership
As of March 8, 2013, several of our directors and alternate directors were trust participants under the Irrevocable Trust No. 463 established at INVEX, S.A., Institución de Banca Múltiple, Invex Grupo Financiero, as Trustee, which is the owner of 74.9% of the voting stock of FEMSA, which in turn owns 48.9% of our outstanding capital stock. As a result of the voting trusts internal procedures, the voting trust as a whole is deemed to have beneficial ownership with sole voting power of all the shares deposited in the voting trust, and each of the trust participants are deemed to have beneficial ownership with shared voting power over those same deposited shares. These directors and alternate directors are Alfonso Garza Garza, Paulina Garza Lagüera Gonda, Bárbara Garza Lagüera Gonda, Mariana Garza Lagüera Gonda and Eva María Garza Lagüera Gonda. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor Shareholders. None of our other directors, alternate directors or executive officers is the beneficial owner of more than 1% of any class of our capital stock.
Board Practices
Our bylaws state that the board of directors will meet at least four times a year to discuss our operating results and progress in achieving strategic objectives. It is the practice of our board of directors to meet following the end of each quarter. Our board of directors can also hold extraordinary meetings. See Item 10. Additional InformationBylaws.
Under our bylaws, directors serve one-year terms although they continue in office for up to 30 days until successors are appointed. If no successor is appointed during this period, the board of directors may appoint interim members, who will be ratified or substituted at the next shareholders meeting after such event occurs. None of the members of our board of directors or senior management of our subsidiaries has service agreements providing for benefits upon termination of employment.
Our board of directors is supported by committees, which are working groups approved at our annual shareholders meeting that analyze issues and provide recommendations to the board of directors regarding their respective areas of focus. The executive officers interact periodically with the committees to address management issues. The following are the three committees of the board of directors:
Finance and Planning Committee. The Finance and Planning Committee works with management to set our annual and long-term strategic and financial plans and monitors adherence to these plans. It is responsible for setting our optimal capital structure and recommends the appropriate level of borrowing as well as the issuance of securities. Financial risk management is another responsibility of the Finance and Planning Committee. Irial Finan is the chairman of the Finance and Planning Committee. The additional members include: Federico Reyes García, Ricardo Guajardo Touché and Enrique Senior Hernández. The secretary of the Finance and Planning Committee is Héctor Treviño Gutiérrez, our Chief Financial Officer.
Audit Committee. The Audit Committee is responsible for reviewing the accuracy and integrity of quarterly and annual financial statements in accordance with accounting, internal control and auditing requirements. The Audit Committee is directly responsible for the appointment, compensation, retention and oversight of the independent auditor, who reports directly to the Audit Committee; the internal auditing function also reports to the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee has implemented procedures for receiving, retaining and addressing complaints regarding accounting, internal control and auditing matters, including the submission of confidential, anonymous complaints from employees regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters. To carry out its duties, the Audit Committee may hire independent counsel and other advisors. As necessary, we compensate the independent auditor and any outside advisor hired by the Audit Committee and provide funding for ordinary administrative expenses incurred by the Audit Committee in the course of its duties. José Manuel Canal Hernando is the chairman of the Audit Committee and the audit committee financial expert. The additional members are: Alfonso González Migoya, Charles H. McTier, Francisco Zambrano Rodríguez and Ernesto Cruz Velázquez de León. Each member of the Audit Committee is an independent director, as required by the Mexican Securities Market Law and applicable New York Stock Exchange listing standards. The secretary of the Audit Committee, who is not a member, is José González Ornelas, head of FEMSAs auditing and operating control area.
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Corporate Practices Committee. The Corporate Practices Committee, which consists of exclusively of independent directors, is responsible for preventing or reducing the risk of performing operations that could damage the value of our company or that benefit a particular group of shareholders. The committee may call a shareholders meeting and include matters on the agenda for that meeting that it deems appropriate, approve policies on related party transactions, approve the compensation plan of the chief executive officer and relevant officers, and support our board of directors in the elaboration of related reports. The chairman of the Corporate Practices Committee is Daniel Servitje Montul. The additional members include: Helmut Paul and Karl Frei Buechi. The secretaries of the Corporate Practices Committee are Gary Fayard and Javier Astaburuaga Sanjines.
Advisory Board. Our board of directors approved the creation of a committee whose main role will be to advise and propose initiatives to our board of directors through the Chief Executive Officer. This committee will mainly be comprised of former shareholders of the various bottling businesses that merged with us, whose experience will constitute an important contribution to our operations.
Employees
As of December 31, 2012, our headcount was as follows: 47,002 in Mexico and Central America, 18,778 in South America and 7,615 in Venezuela. In the headcount we include the employees of third party distributors. The table below sets forth headcount by category for the periods indicated:
As of December 31, | ||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||
Executives |
974 | 939 | 759 | |||||||||
Non-union |
21,989 | 22,380 | 17,258 | |||||||||
Union |
41,123 | 37,517 | 33,085 | |||||||||
Employees of third party distributors |
9,309 | 9,043 | 8,101 | |||||||||
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Total |
73,395 | 69,879 | 59,203 | |||||||||
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As of December 31, 2012, approximately 56% of our employees, most of whom were employed in Mexico, were members of labor unions. We had 126 separate collective bargaining agreements with 82 labor unions. In general, we have a good relationship with the labor unions throughout our operations, except in Colombia, Venezuela and Guatemala, which are or have been the subjects of significant labor-related litigation. See Item 8. Financial InformationConsolidated Statements and Other Financial Information and Item 8. Financial InformationLegal Proceedings. We believe we have appropriate reserves for these litigation proceedings and do not currently expect them to have a material adverse effect.
Insurance Policies
We maintain a number of different types of insurance policies for all employees. These policies mitigate the risk of having to pay death benefits in the event of an industrial accident. We maintain directors and officers insurance policies covering all directors and certain key executive officers for liabilities incurred in their capacities as directors and officers.
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Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions
Our outstanding capital stock consists of three classes of securities: Series A shares held by FEMSA, Series D shares held by The Coca-Cola Company and Series L shares held by the public. The following table sets forth our major shareholders as of March 8, 2013:
Owner |
Outstanding Capital Stock |
Percentage Ownership of Outstanding Capital Stock |
Percentage of Voting Rights |
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FEMSA (Series A shares)(1) |
992,078,519 | 48.9% | 63.0 | % | ||||||||
The Coca-Cola Company (Series D Shares)(2) |
583,545,678 | 28.7% | 37.0 | % | ||||||||
Public (Series L shares)(3) |
454,920,107 | 22.4% | | |||||||||
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Total |
2,030,544,304 | 100.0% | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
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(1) | FEMSA owns these shares through its wholly owned subsidiary Compañía Internacional de Bebidas, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to in this annual report as CIBSA. 74.9% of the voting stock of FEMSA is owned by the technical committee and trust participants under Irrevocable Trust No. 463 established at Banco Invex, S.A. Institución de Banca Múltiple, Invex Grupo Financiero, as Trustee. As a consequence of the voting trusts internal procedures, the following trust participants are deemed to have beneficial ownership with shared voting power of the shares deposited in the voting trust: BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A., as Trustee under Trust No. F/25078-7 (controlled by Max Michel Suberville), J.P. Morgan (Suisse), S.A., as Trustee under a trust controlled by Paulina Garza Lagüera Gonda, Bárbara Garza Lagüera Gonda, Mariana Garza Lagüera Gonda, Eva Gonda Rivera, Eva Maria Garza Lagüera Gonda, Consuelo Garza Lagüera de Garza, Alfonso Garza Garza, Patricio Garza Garza, Juan Carlos Garza Garza, Eduardo Garza Garza, Eugenio Garza Garza, Alberto Bailleres Gonzalez, Maria Teresa Gual Aspe de Bailleres, Inversiones Bursátiles Industriales, S.A. de C.V. (controlled by the Garza Lagüera family), Corbal, S.A. de C.V. (controlled by Alberto Bailleres González), Magdalena Michel de David, Alepage, S.A. (controlled by Consuelo Garza Lagüera de Garza), BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A. as Trustee under Trust No. F/29013-0 (controlled by the estate of José Calderón Ayala, late father of José Calderón Rojas), Max Michel Suberville, Max David Michel, Juan David Michel, Monique David de VanLathem, Renee Michel de Guichard, Magdalena Guichard Michel, Rene Guichard Michel, Miguel Guichard Michel, Graciano Guichard Michel, Juan Guichard Michel, Franca Servicios, S.A. de C.V. (controlled by the estate of José Calderón Ayala, late father of José Calderón Rojas), BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A., as Trustee under Trust No. F/29490-0 (controlled by Alberto, Susana and Cecilia Bailleres), BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A., as Trustee under Trust No. F/710004 (controlled by Magdalena Michel de David) and BBVA Bancomer Servicios, S.A., as Trustee under Trust No. F/700005 (controlled by Renee Michel de Guichard). |
(2) | The Coca-Cola Company indirectly owns these shares through its wholly owned subsidiaries, The Inmex Corporation and Dulux CBAI 2003 B.V. |
(3) | Holders of Series L shares are only entitled to vote in limited circumstances. See Item 10. Additional InformationBylaws. Holders of ADSs are entitled, subject to certain exceptions, to instruct The Bank of New York, a depositary, as to the exercise of the limited voting rights pertaining to the Series L shares underlying their ADSs. |
Our Series A shares, owned by FEMSA, are held in Mexico and our Series D shares, owned by The Coca-Cola Company, are held outside of Mexico.
As of December 31, 2012, there were 16,325,502 of our ADSs outstanding, each ADS representing ten Series L shares, and 35.9% of our outstanding Series L shares were represented by ADSs. As of March 8, 2013, 35.9% of our outstanding Series L shares were represented by ADSs, held by 365 holders (including The Depositary Trust Company) with registered addresses outside of Mexico.
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The Shareholders Agreement
We operate pursuant to a shareholders agreement among two subsidiaries of FEMSA, The Coca-Cola Company and certain of its subsidiaries. This agreement, together with our bylaws, sets forth the basic rules under which we operate.
In February 2010, our main shareholders, FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company, amended the shareholders agreement, and our bylaws were amended accordingly. The amendment mainly relates to changes in the voting requirements for decisions on: (1) ordinary operations within an annual business plan and (2) appointment of the chief executive officer and all officers reporting to him, all of which now may be taken by the board of directors by simple majority voting. Also, the amendment provides that payment of dividends, up to an amount equivalent to 20% of the preceding years retained earnings, may be approved by a simple majority of the shareholders. Any decision on extraordinary matters, as they are defined by our bylaws and which include any new business acquisition, business combinations or any change in the existing line of business, among other things, shall require the approval of the majority of the members of the board of directors, with the vote of two of the members appointed by The Coca-Cola Company. Also, any decision related to such extraordinary matters or any payment of dividends above 20% of the preceding years retained earnings shall require the approval of a majority of Series A and Series D shares voting together as a single class.
Under our bylaws and shareholders agreement, our Series A shares and Series D shares are the only shares with full voting rights and, therefore, control actions by our shareholders.
The shareholders agreement also sets forth the principal shareholders understanding as to the effect of adverse actions of The Coca-Cola Company under the bottler agreements. Our bylaws and shareholders agreement provide that a majority of the directors appointed by the holders of Series A shares, upon making a reasonable, good faith determination that any action of The Coca-Cola Company under any bottler agreement between The Coca-Cola Company and our company or any of our subsidiaries is materially adverse to our business interests and that The Coca-Cola Company has failed to cure such action within 60 days of notice, may declare a simple majority period, as defined in our bylaws, at any time within 90 days after giving notice. During the simple majority period certain decisions, namely the approval of material changes in our business plans, the introduction of a new, or termination of an existing line of business, and related party transactions outside the ordinary course of business, to the extent the presence and approval of at least two Series D directors would otherwise be required, can be made by a simple majority vote of our entire board of directors, without requiring the presence or approval of any Series D director. A majority of the Series A directors may terminate a simple majority period but, once having done so, cannot declare another simple majority period for one year after the termination. If a simple majority period persists for one year or more, the provisions of the shareholders agreement for resolution of irreconcilable differences may be triggered, with the consequences outlined in the following paragraph.
In addition to the rights of first refusal provided for in our bylaws regarding proposed transfers of Series A shares or Series D shares, the shareholders agreement contemplates three circumstances under which one principal shareholder may purchase the interest of the other in our company: (1) a change in control in a principal shareholder, (2) the existence of irreconcilable differences between the principal shareholders or (3) the occurrence of certain specified events of default.
In the event that (1) one of the principal shareholders buys the others interest in our company in any of the circumstances described above or (2) the ownership of our shares of capital stock other than the Series L shares of the subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company or FEMSA is reduced below 20% and upon the request of the shareholder whose interest is not so reduced, the shareholders agreement requires that our bylaws be amended to eliminate all share transfer restrictions and all special-majority voting and quorum requirements, after which the shareholders agreement would terminate.
The shareholders agreement also contains provisions relating to the principal shareholders understanding as to our growth. It states that it is The Coca-Cola Companys intention that we will be viewed as one of a small number of its anchor bottlers in Latin America. In particular, the parties agree that it is desirable that we expand by acquiring additional bottler territories in Mexico and other Latin American countries in the event any become available through horizontal growth. In addition, The Coca-Cola Company has agreed, subject to a number of conditions, that if it obtains ownership of a bottler territory that fits with our operations, it will give us the option to acquire such territory. The Coca-Cola Company has also agreed to support prudent and sound modifications to our
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capital structure to support horizontal growth. The Coca-Cola Companys agreement as to horizontal growth expires upon either the elimination of the super-majority voting requirements described above or The Coca-Cola Companys election to terminate the agreement as a result of a default.
The Coca-Cola Memorandum
In connection with the acquisition of Panamco in 2003, we established certain understandings primarily relating to operational and business issues with both The Coca-Cola Company and FEMSA that were memorialized in writing prior to completion of the acquisition. Although The Coca-Cola Memorandum has not been amended, we continue to develop our relationship with The Coca-Cola Company (i.e. through, inter alia, acquisitions and taking on new product categories), and we therefore believe that The Coca-Cola Memorandum should be interpreted in the context of subsequent events, some of which have been noted in the description below. The terms are as follows:
| The shareholder arrangements between directly wholly owned subsidiaries of FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company will continue in place. On February 1, 2010, FEMSA amended its shareholders agreement with The Coca-Cola Company. See The Shareholders Agreement. |
| FEMSA will continue to consolidate our financial results under Mexican FRS. (We have complied with Mexican law by transitioning to IFRS as of 2012.) |
| The Coca-Cola Company and FEMSA will continue to discuss in good faith the possibility of implementing changes to our capital structure in the future. |
| There were to be no changes in concentrate pricing or marketing support by The Coca-Cola Company up to May 2004. After such time, The Coca-Cola Company obtained complete discretion to implement any changes with respect to these matters, but any decision in this regard will be discussed with us and will take our operating condition into consideration. |
| The Coca-Cola Company may require the establishment of a different long-term strategy for Brazil. If, after taking into account our performance in Brazil, The Coca-Cola Company does not consider us to be part of this long-term strategic solution for Brazil, then we will sell our Brazilian franchise to The Coca-Cola Company or its designee at fair market value. Fair market value would be determined by independent investment bankers retained by each party at their own expense pursuant to specified procedures. We currently believe the likelihood of this term applying is remote. |
| FEMSA, The Coca-Cola Company and we will meet to discuss the optimal Latin American territorial configuration for the Coca-Cola bottler system. During these meetings, we will consider all possible combinations and any asset swap transactions that may arise from these discussions. In addition, we will entertain any potential combination as long as it is strategically sound and done at fair market value. |
| We would like to keep open strategic alternatives that relate to the integration of sparkling beverages and beer. The Coca-Cola Company, FEMSA and us would explore these alternatives on a market-by-market basis at the appropriate time. |
| The Coca-Cola Company agreed to sell to a subsidiary of FEMSA sufficient shares to permit FEMSA to beneficially own 51% of our outstanding capital stock (assuming that this subsidiary of FEMSA does not sell any shares and that there are no issuances of our stock other than as contemplated by the acquisition). As a result of this understanding, in November 2006, FEMSA acquired, through a subsidiary, 148,000,000 of our Series D shares from certain subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company, representing 9.4% of the total outstanding voting shares and 8.02% of the total outstanding equity of Coca-Cola FEMSA, at a price of US$ 2.888 per share for an aggregate amount of US$ 427.4 million. Pursuant to our bylaws, the acquired shares were converted from Series D shares to Series A shares. |
| We may be entering some markets where significant infrastructure investment may be required. The Coca-Cola Company and FEMSA will conduct a joint study that will outline strategies for these markets, as well as the investment levels required to execute these strategies. Subsequently, it is intended that FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company will reach agreement on the level of funding to be provided by each of the partners. The parties intend that this allocation of funding responsibilities would not be overly burdensome for either partner. |
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| We entered into a stand-by credit facility in December 2003 with The Coca-Cola Export Corporation, which expired in December 2006 and was never used. |
Cooperation Framework with The Coca-Cola Company
In September 2006, we reached a comprehensive cooperation framework with The Coca-Cola Company for a new stage of collaboration going forward. This new framework includes the main aspects of our relationship with The Coca-Cola Company and defines the terms for the new collaborative business model. The framework is structured around three main objectives, which have been implemented as outlined below:
| Sustainable growth of sparkling beverages, still beverages and waters: Together with The Coca-Cola Company, we have defined a platform to jointly pursue incremental growth in the sparkling beverages category, as well as accelerated development of still beverages and waters across Latin America. To this end, The Coca-Cola Company will provide a relevant portion of the funds derived from the concentrate increase for marketing support of the entire portfolio. In addition, the framework contemplates a new, all-encompassing business model for the development, organically and through acquisitions, of still beverages and waters that further aligns our and The Coca-Cola Companys objectives and should contribute to incremental long-term value creation for both companies. With this objective in mind, we have jointly acquired the Brisa bottled water business in Colombia, we have formalized a joint venture for the Jugos del Valle products in Mexico and Brazil and we have formalized certain agreements to develop the Crystal water business and the Matte Leao business in Brazil with other bottlers, and the business of Grupo Estrella Azul, a leading dairy and juice-based beverage company in Panama. During 2011 we formalized a joint venture to develop certain coffee products in our territories. In addition, during 2012, we acquired, through Jugos del Valle, an indirect participation in Santa Clara, an important producer of milk and dairy products in Mexico. |
| Our horizontal growth: The framework includes The Coca-Cola Companys endorsement of our aspiration to continue being a leading participant in the consolidation of the Coca-Cola system in Latin America, as well as our exploration of potential opportunities in other markets where our operating model and strong execution capabilities could be leveraged. For example, in 2008 we entered into a transaction with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire from it, REMIL, which was The Coca-Cola Companys wholly owned bottling franchise in the majority of the State of Minas Gerais of Brazil. On January 25, 2013 we closed the acquisition of 51% non-controlling of the outstanding shares of CCBPI. |
| Long-term vision in relationship economics: We and The Coca-Cola Company understand each others business objectives and growth plans, and the 2006 framework provides a long-term perspective on the economics of our relationship. This will allow us and The Coca-Cola Company to focus on continuing to drive the business forward and generating profitable growth. |
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We believe that our transactions with related party transactions are on terms comparable to those that would result from arms length negotiations with unaffiliated parties and are reviewed and approved by our Corporate Practices Committee.
FEMSA
We regularly engage in transactions with FEMSA and its subsidiaries.
We sell our products to certain FEMSA subsidiaries, substantially all of which consists of our sales to a chain of convenience stores under the name Oxxo. The aggregate amount of these sales to Oxxo was Ps. 2,853 million and Ps. 2,088 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively.
We also purchase products from FEMSA and its subsidiaries. The aggregate amount of these purchases was Ps. 4,484 million and Ps. 3,652 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively. These amounts principally relate to raw materials, beer, assets and services provided to us by FEMSA. In January 2008, we renewed our service agreement with another subsidiary of FEMSA, which provides for the continued provision of administrative services relating to insurance, legal and tax advice, relations with governmental authorities and certain administrative and internal auditing services that it has been providing since June 1993. In November 2000, we entered into a service agreement with a subsidiary of FEMSA for the transportation of finished products from our production facilities to our distribution centers within Mexico. In November 2001, we entered into two franchise bottler agreements with Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S.A. de C.V., an indirect subsidiary of FEMSA, under which we became the sole franchisee for the production, bottling, distribution and sale of Mundet brands in the valley of Mexico and in most of our operations in Southeast Mexico. In September 2010, FEMSA sold the Mundet brand in Mexico to The Coca-Cola Company through The Coca-Cola Companys acquisition of 100% of the equity interest of Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S.A. de C.V. We remain the licensee of the Mundet trademark under the license agreements with Promotora de Marcas Nacionales, S.A. de C.V. Both agreements are renewable for ten-year terms, subject to non-renewal by either party with notice to the other party. We recently expanded the territories covered by these agreements to certain of our operations outside of Mexico. We primarily purchase our glass bottles in Mexico from Glass & Silice S.A. de C.V. (formerly VICHISA), a wholly owned subsidiary of Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Holding, S.A. de C.V. (formerly FEMSA Cerveza), currently a wholly owned subsidiary of the Heineken Group. The aggregate amount of our purchases from Glass & Silice S.A. de C.V. (formerly VICHISA) amounted to Ps. 292.0 million and Ps. 320.0 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively. Finally, we continue to distribute and sell the Kaiser beer portfolio in our Brazilian territories through the 20-year term, consistent with arrangements in place with Cervejarias Kaiser since 2006, prior the acquisition of Cervejarias Kaiser by Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Holding, S.A. de C.V., formerly known as FEMSA Cerveza. On April 30, 2010, the transaction pursuant to which FEMSA agreed to exchange 100% of its beer operations for a 20% economic interest in the Heineken Group closed.
We also purchase products from Heineken and its subsidiaries. The aggregate amount of these purchases was Ps. 2,598 million and Ps. 3,343 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively. These amounts principally relate to raw materials and beer.
FEMSA is also a party to the understandings we have with The Coca-Cola Company relating to specified operational and business issues. A summary of these understandings is set forth under Major ShareholdersThe Coca-Cola Memorandum.
The Coca-Cola Company
We regularly engage in transactions with The Coca-Cola Company and its affiliates. We purchase all of our concentrate requirements for Coca-Cola trademark beverages from The Coca-Cola Company. Total expenses charged to us by The Coca-Cola Company for concentrates were approximately Ps. 23,886 million and Ps. 20,882 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively. Our company and The Coca-Cola Company pay and reimburse each other for marketing expenditures. The Coca-Cola Company also contributes to our coolers, bottles and case investment program. We received contributions to our marketing expenses of Ps. 3,018 million and Ps. 2,595 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively.
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In December 2007 and May 2008, we sold most of our proprietary brands to The Coca-Cola Company. The proprietary brands are licensed back to us by The Coca-Cola Company pursuant to our bottler agreements. The December 2007 transaction was valued at US$ 48 million and the May 2008 transaction was valued at US$ 16 million. Revenues from the sale of proprietary brands realized in prior years in which we have a significant continuing involvement are deferred and amortized against the related costs of future sales over the estimated sales period. The balance to be amortized amounted to Ps. 98 million and Ps. 302 million as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The short-term portions to be amortized amounted to Ps. 61 million and Ps. 197 million at December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The short-term portions are included in other current liabilities. The long-term positions are included in other liabilities.
In Argentina, we purchase plastic preforms, as well as returnable plastic bottles from Embotelladora del Atlántico S.A., a local subsidiary of Embotelladora Andina S.A., a Coca-Cola bottler with operations in Argentina, Chile and Brazil in which The Coca-Cola Company has a substantial interest.
In Argentina, we mainly use HFCS that we purchase from several different local suppliers as a sweetener in our products instead of sugar. We purchase glass bottles, plastic cases and other raw materials from several domestic sources. We purchase plastic preforms, as well as returnable plastic bottles, at competitive prices from Embotelladora del Atlántico S.A., a local subsidiary of Embotelladora Andina S.A., a bottler of The Coca-Cola Company with operations in Argentina, Chile and Brazil, and other local suppliers. We also acquire plastic preforms from ALPLA Avellaneda S.A. and other suppliers.
In November 2007, Administración, a Mexican company owned directly or indirectly by us and The Coca-Cola Company, acquired 100% of the shares of capital stock of Jugos del Valle. The business of Jugos del Valle in the United States was acquired and sold by The Coca-Cola Company. In 2008, we, The Coca-Cola Company and all Mexican and Brazilian Coca-Cola bottlers entered into a joint business for the Mexican and the Brazilian operations, respectively, of Jugos del Valle. Taking into account the participation held by Grupo Fomento Queretano, we currently hold an interest of 25.1% in the Mexican joint business and approximately 19.7% in the Brazilian joint businesses. Jugos del Valle sells fruit juice-based beverages and fruit derivatives.
In February 2009, we acquired with The Coca-Cola Company the Brisa bottled water business in Colombia from Bavaria, S.A. a subsidiary of SABMiller plc. We acquired the production assets and the distribution territory, and The Coca-Cola Company acquired the Brisa brand. We and The Coca-Cola Company equally shared in paying the purchase price of US$ 92 million. Following a transition period, in June 2009, we started to sell and distribute the Brisa portfolio of products in Colombia.
In May 2009, we entered into an agreement to begin selling the Crystal trademark water products in Brazil jointly with The Coca-Cola Company.
In August 2010, we acquired from The Coca-Cola Company, along with other Brazilian Coca-Cola bottlers, the business operations of the Matte Leao tea brand. As of March 8, 2013, we had a 19.4% indirect interest in the Matte Leao business in Brazil.
In March 2011, we acquired with The Coca-Cola Company, through Compañía Panameña de Bebidas S.A.P.I. de C.V., Estrella Azul, a Panamanian conglomerate that participates in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories in Panama. We will continue to develop this business with The Coca-Cola Company.
In March 2011, with The Coca-Cola Company, through Compañía de Bebidas Panameñas S.A.P.I. de C.V. we entered into several credit agreements (the Credit Facilities), pursuant to which we lent an aggregate amount of US$112,257,620 to Estrella Azul. Subject to certain events which could lead to an acceleration of payments, the principal balance of the Credit Facilities is payable in one installment on March 24, 2021.
In August 2012, we acquired, through Jugos del Valle, an indirect participation in Santa Clara, an important producer of milk and dairy products in Mexico. We currently own an indirect participation of 23.8% in Santa Clara.
In December, 2012, we reached an agreement with The Coca-Cola Company to acquire a 51% non-controlling majority stake of CCBPI for US $688.5 million in an all-cash transaction. We closed this transaction on January 25, 2013. The implied enterprise value of 100% of CCPBI is US$ 1,350 million. We will have an option to acquire all of the remaining 49% of the capital stock of CCBPI at any time during the seven years following the closing, at the same enterprise value adjusted for a carrying cost and certain other adjustments. We will have a put option, exercisable six years after the initial closing, to sell our ownership in CCBPI back to The Coca-Cola Company at a price that will be calculated using the same EBITDA multiple used in the acquisition of the 51% stake of CCBPI, capped at the aggregate enterprise value for the amount acquired, adjusted for certain items. We will be managing the day-to-day operations of the business. The Coca-Cola Company will have certain rights on the operational business plan. Given terms of both the options agreements and our shareholders agreement with The Coca-Cola Company, we will not consolidate the results of CCBPI. We will recognize the results of CCBPI using the equity method. CCBPI sold approximately 531 million unit cases of beverages during 2012 and generated revenues of approximately US$ 1.1 billion.
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Associated Companies
We also regularly engage in transactions with companies in which we own an equity interest that are not affiliated with The Coca-Cola Company, as described under The Coca-Cola Company. We believe these transactions are on terms comparable to those that would result from arms length negotiations with unaffiliated third parties.
In Mexico, we purchase sparkling beverages in cans from Industria Envasadora de Querétaro, S.A. de C.V., or IEQSA, in which we hold an equity interest of 27.9%. We paid IEQSA Ps. 483 million, and Ps. 262 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively. IEQSA purchases aluminum cans from FEMSA. We also purchase sugar from Beta San Miguel and Piasa, both sugar-cane producers in which, as of March 8, 2013, we hold a 2.7% and 26.1% equity interest, respectively. We paid Ps. 1,439 million and Ps. 1,398 million to Beta San Miguel in 2012 and 2011, respectively.
In Mexico, we participate with certain Coca-Cola bottlers in PROMESA, in which, as of March 8, 2013, we hold a 30.0% interest. Through PROMESA, we purchase our cans for our Mexican operations, which are manufactured by Fábricas de Monterrey, S.A. de C.V., or FAMOSA, a wholly owned subsidiary of Cuauhtémoc Moctezuma Holding, S.A. de C.V. (formerly FEMSA Cerveza), currently a wholly owned subsidiary of the Heineken Group. We purchased from PROMESA approximately Ps. 711 million and Ps. 701 million in 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Other Related Party Transactions
Carlos Salazar Lomelín, our Chief Executive Officer, is also chairman of the consultant committee of EGADE, the graduate business school of ITESM, which is a prestigious university system with headquarters in Monterrey, Mexico. ITESM routinely receives donations from us and our subsidiaries.
José Antonio Fernández Carbajal, a director of Coca-Cola FEMSA, is also the chairman of the board of directors of ITESM, a Mexican private university that routinely receives donations from us. Ricardo Guajardo Touché, a director of Coca-Cola FEMSA, is also a member of the board of directors of ITESM.
Allen & Company LLC provides investment banking services to us and our affiliates in the ordinary course of its business. Enrique Senior, one of our directors, is a Managing Director of Allen & Company LLC, and Herbert Allen III, an alternate director, is the president of Allen & Company LLC.
We are insured in Mexico primarily under certain of FEMSAs insurance policies with Grupo Nacional Provincial S.A., of which the son of the chairman of its board of directors, Alejandro Bailleres Gual is one of our alternate directors. The policies were purchased pursuant to a competitive bidding process.
In October 2011, we executed certain agreements with affiliates of Grupo Tampico to acquire specific products and services such as plastic cases, certain trucks and car brands, as well as autoparts exclusively for the territories of Grupo Tampico, which agreements provide for certain preferences to be elected as suppliers in our suppliers bidding processes.
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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Consolidated Financial Statements
See Item 18. Financial Statements beginning on page F-1.
Dividend Policy
For a discussion of our dividend policy, see Item 3. Key InformationDividends and Dividend Policy.
Significant Changes
Except as disclosed under Recent Developments in Item 5, no significant changes have occurred since the date of the annual financial statements included in this annual report.
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We are party to various legal proceedings in the ordinary course of business. Other than as disclosed in this annual report, we are not currently involved in any litigation or arbitration proceeding, including any proceeding that is pending or threatened of which we are aware, which we believe will have, or has had, a material adverse effect on our company. Other legal proceedings that are pending against or involve us and our subsidiaries are incidental to the conduct of our and their business. We believe that the ultimate disposition of such other proceedings individually or in an aggregate basis will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial condition or results.
Mexico
Antitrust Matters. During 2000, the CFC, pursuant to complaints filed by PepsiCo and certain of its bottlers in Mexico, began an investigation of The Coca-Cola Company Export Corporation and the Mexican Coca-Cola bottlers for alleged monopolistic practices through exclusivity arrangements with certain retailers. Nine of our Mexican subsidiaries, including those that we acquired as a result of our merger with Grupo Tampico, Grupo CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano, are involved in this matter. After the corresponding legal proceedings in 2008, a Mexican Federal Court rendered an adverse judgment against two out of our nine Mexican subsidiaries involved in the proceedings, upholding a fine of approximately Ps. 10.5 million imposed by CFC on each of the two subsidiaries and ordering the immediate suspension of such practices of alleged exclusivity arrangements and conditional dealing. With respect to the complaints against the remaining seven subsidiaries, a favorable resolution was rendered in Mexican Federal Court and the CFC, which ruling dropped the fines and ruled in favor of six of our subsidiaries, on the grounds of insufficient evidence to prove individual and specific liability in the alleged antitrust violations. On August 7, 2012, the court dismissed and denied an appeal that we filed on behalf of Grupo Fomento Queretano, which had received an adverse judgment. We filed a motion for reconsideration on September 12, 2012 and are awaiting final resolution.
In February 2009, the CFC began a new investigation of alleged monopolistic practices consisting of sparkling beverage sales subject to exclusivity agreements and the granting of discounts and/or benefits in exchange for exclusivity arrangements with certain retailers. In December 2011, the CFC closed this investigation on the grounds of insufficient evidence of monopolistic practices by The Coca-Cola Company and its bottlers. However, on February 9, 2012 the plaintiff appealed the decision of the CFC. The CFC confirmed its initial ruling. In a related case, a Circuit Court has ruled that the CFC must reexamine part of the evidence originally provided by a plaintiff. It is currently unclear how the CFC will rule upon this appeal.
Central America
Antitrust Matters in Costa Rica. In August 2001, the Comisión para Promover la Competencia in Costa Rica (Costa Rican Antitrust Commission) pursuant to a complaint filed by PepsiCo. and its bottler in Costa Rica initiated an investigation of the sales practices of The Coca-Cola Company and our Costa Rican subsidiary for alleged monopolistic practices in retail distribution, including sales exclusivity arrangements. A ruling from the Costa Rican Antitrust Commission was issued in July 2004, which found our subsidiary in Costa Rica engaged in monopolistic practices with respect to exclusivity arrangements, pricing and the sharing of coolers under certain limited circumstances and imposed a fine of US$ 130,000 (approximately Ps. 1.5 million. The court dismissed our appeal of the ruling. On August 30, 2011, we appealed the courts dismissal before the Supreme Court, but the Supreme Court affirmed the dismissal on December 1, 2011. Notwithstanding the above, the above resolutions will not have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operations because we have already paid the Costa Rican Antitrust Commissions fine and are currently complying with its resolution.
In November 2004, Ajecen del Sur S.A., the bottler of Big Cola in Costa Rica, filed a complaint before the Costa Rican Antitrust Commission related to monopolistic practices in retail distribution and exclusivity agreements against The Coca-Cola Company and our Costa Rican subsidiary. The Costa Rican Antitrust Commission has decided to pursue an investigation, but the final resolution issued by the Costa Rican Antitrust Commission ruled in our favor, imposing no fine.
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Colombia
Labor Matters. During July 2001, a labor union and several individuals from the Republic of Colombia filed a lawsuit in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of Florida against certain of our subsidiaries. The plaintiffs alleged that the subsidiaries engaged in wrongful acts against the labor union and its members in Colombia, including kidnapping, torture, death threats and intimidation. The complaint alleges claims under the U.S. Alien Tort Claims Act, Torture Victim Protection Act, Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act and state tort law and seeks injunctive and declaratory relief and damages of more than US$ 500 million, including treble and punitive damages and the cost of the suit, including attorney fees. In September 2006, the federal district court dismissed the complaint with respect to all claims. The plaintiffs appealed and in August 2009, the appellate court affirmed the decision in favor of our subsidiaries. The plaintiffs moved for a rehearing, and in September 2009, the rehearing motion was denied. Plaintiffs attempted to seek reconsideration en banc, but the Court dismissed the entire case for lack of jurisdiction and such resolution is final and unappealable.
Venezuela
Tax Matters. In 1999, some of our Venezuelan subsidiaries received notice of indirect tax claims asserted by the Venezuelan tax authorities. These subsidiaries have taken the appropriate measures against these claims at the administrative level and filed appeals with the Venezuelan courts. The claims currently amount to approximately US$ 21.1 million (approximately Ps. 250 million). We have certain rights to indemnification from Venbottling Holding, Inc., a former shareholder of Panamco and The Coca-Cola Company, for a substantial portion of the claims. We do not believe that the ultimate resolution of these cases will have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results.
Brazil
Antitrust Matters. Several claims have been filed against us by private parties that allege anticompetitive practices by our Brazilian subsidiaries. The plaintiffs are Ragi (Dolly), a Brazilian producer of B Brands, and PepsiCo, alleging anticompetitive practices by Spal Indústria Brasileira de Bebidas, S.A. and Recofarma Indústria do Amazonas Ltda. Of the four claims Dolly filed against us, the only one remaining concerns a denial of access to common suppliers. Of the two claims made by PepsiCo, the first concerns exclusivity arrangements at the point of sale, and the second is an alleged corporate espionage allegation against the Pepsi bottler, BAESA, which the Ministry of Economy recommended to be dismissed for lack of evidence. Under Brazilian law, each of these claims could result in substantial monetary fines and other penalties although we believe each of the claims is without merit. Regarding the claims made by Pepsico, in December 2012, the Administrative Council of Economic Defense (CADE) issued a decision dismissing the claim related to exclusivity arrangements at the point of sale. Also in December 2012, CADE issued a technical note advocating dismissal of the claim related to an alleged corporate espionage against the Pepsi bottler, BAESA, for lack of evidence. Currently, we are awaiting the final decision.
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The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the reported high and low nominal sale prices for the Series L shares on the Mexican Stock Exchange and the reported high and low nominal sale prices for the ADSs on the New York Stock Exchange:
Mexican Stock Exchange Mexican pesos per Series L Share |
New York Stock Exchange U.S. dollars per ADS |
|||||||||||||||
High(1) | Low(1) | High(1) | Low(1) | |||||||||||||
2008: |
||||||||||||||||
Full year |
Ps. | 64.49 | Ps. | 38.00 | US$ | 62.50 | US$ | 27.74 | ||||||||
2009: |
||||||||||||||||
Full year |
Ps. | 86.71 | Ps. | 40.96 | US$ | 66.87 | US$ | 26.41 | ||||||||
2010: |
||||||||||||||||
Full year |
Ps. | 103.37 | Ps. | 72.24 | US$ | 83.61 | US$ | 57.67 | ||||||||
2011: |
||||||||||||||||
Full year |
Ps. | 135.91 | Ps. | 87.40 | US$ | 98.90 | US$ | 72.08 | ||||||||
First quarter |
Ps. | 102.34 | Ps. | 87.40 | US$ | 83.65 | US$ | 72.08 | ||||||||
Second quarter |
110.48 | 91.15 | 93.01 | 78.47 | ||||||||||||
Third quarter |
126.95 | 104.61 | 98.90 | 84.84 | ||||||||||||
Fourth quarter |
135.91 | 116.20 | 97.24 | 83.34 | ||||||||||||
2012: |
||||||||||||||||
Full year |
Ps. | 191.34 | Ps. | 125.61 | US$ | 149.43 | US$ | 94.30 | ||||||||
First quarter |
Ps. | 135.92 | Ps. | 125.61 | US$ | 105.91 | US$ | 94.30 | ||||||||
Second quarter |
174.46 | 134.28 | 130.88 | 101.83 | ||||||||||||
Third quarter |
184.71 | 148.17 | 133.32 | 111.19 | ||||||||||||
Fourth quarter |
191.34 | 163.59 | 149.43 | 123.73 | ||||||||||||
September |
Ps. | 166.53 | Ps. | 159.60 | US$ | 129.45 | US$ | 121.55 | ||||||||
October |
175.90 | 166.63 | 137.49 | 127.91 | ||||||||||||
November |
186.01 | 163.59 | 141.08 | 123.73 | ||||||||||||
December |
191.34 | 183.58 | 149.43 | 141.96 | ||||||||||||
2013: |
||||||||||||||||
January |
Ps. | 205.18 | Ps. | 191.81 | US$ | 161.24 | US$ | 149.99 | ||||||||
February |
215.88 | 197.81 | 168.64 | 155.15 |
(1) | High and low closing prices for the periods presented. |
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TRADING ON THE MEXICAN STOCK EXCHANGE
The Mexican Stock Exchange or the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V., located in Mexico City, is the only stock exchange in Mexico. Trading takes place principally through automated systems that are open between the hours of 8:30 a.m. and 3:00 p.m. Mexico City time, each business day. Beginning in March 2008, during daylight savings time, trading hours change to match the New York Stock Exchange trading hours, opening at 7:30 a.m. and closing at 2:00 p.m. local time. The Mexican Stock Exchange operates a system of automatic suspension of trading in shares of a particular issuer as a means of controlling excessive price volatility, but under current regulations this system does not apply to securities such as the Series L shares that are directly or indirectly (for example, through ADSs) quoted on a stock exchange outside of Mexico.
Settlement is effected three business days after a share transaction on the Mexican Stock Exchange. Deferred settlement, even by mutual agreement, is not permitted without the approval of the Mexican Stock Exchange. Most securities traded on the Mexican Stock Exchange, including our shares, are on deposit with S.D. Indeval Instituto para el Depósito de Valores, S.A. de C.V., which we refer to as Indeval, a privately owned securities depositary that acts as a clearinghouse for Mexican Stock Exchange transactions.
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Item 10. Additional Information
The following is a summary of the material provisions of our bylaws and applicable Mexican law. The last amendment of our bylaws was approved on October 10, 2011. For a description of the provisions of our bylaws relating to our board of directors and executive officers, see Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees.
The main changes made to our bylaws on October 10, 2011, were to Article 25 which increased the number of our board members from 18 to 21 and the number of directors that each series is entitled to appoint, and Article 26 which provides that the shareholders meeting that approves Series B shares issuance will determine which series of shares is to reduce the number of directors that such series is entitled to appoint. Article 6 of our bylaws was also amended to include the number of shares included in our minimum fixed capital stock without the right to withdraw.
Organization and Register
We were incorporated on October 30, 1991, as a sociedad anónima de capital variable (Mexican variable stock corporation) in accordance with the Ley General de Sociedades Mercantiles (Mexican General Corporations Law). On December 5, 2006, we became a sociedad anónima bursátil de capital variable (Mexican variable capital listed stock company) and amended our bylaws in accordance with the Mexican Securities Market Law. We were registered in the Registro Público de la Propiedad y del Comercio (Public Registry of Property and Commerce) of Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico on November 22, 1991 under mercantile number 2986, folio 171, volume 365, third book of the Commerce section. In addition, due to the change of address of our company to Mexico City, we have also been registered in the Public Registry of Property and Commerce of Mexico City since June 28, 1993 under mercantile number 176,543.
Purposes
The main corporate purposes of our company include the following:
| to establish, promote and organize corporations or companies of any type, as well as to acquire and possess shares or equity participations in such entities; |
| to carry out all types of transactions involving bonds, shares, equity, participations and securities of any type; |
| to provide or receive advisory, consulting or other types of services in different business matters; |
| to conduct business with equipment, raw materials and any other items necessary to the companies in which we have an interest in or with whom we have commercial relations; |
| to acquire and dispose of trademarks, tradenames, commercial names, copyrights, patents, inventions, franchises, distributions, concessions and processes; |
| to possess, build, lease and operate real and personal property, install or by any other title operate plants, warehouses, workshops, retail or deposits necessary to comply with our corporate purpose; |
| to subscribe, buy and sell stocks, bonds and securities among other things; and |
| to draw, accept, make, endorse or guarantee negotiable instruments, issue bonds secured with real property or unsecured, and to make us jointly liable, to grant security of any type with regard to obligations entered into by us or by third parties, and in general, to perform the acts, enter into the agreements and carry out other transactions as may be necessary or conducive to our business purpose. |
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Voting Rights, Transfer Restrictions and Certain Minority Rights
Series A and Series D shares have full voting rights and are subject to transfer restrictions. Although no Series B shares have been issued, our bylaws provide for the issuance of Series B shares with full voting rights that are freely transferable. Series L shares are freely transferable but have limited voting rights. None of our shares are exchangeable for shares of a different series. The rights of all series of our capital stock are substantially identical except for:
| restrictions on transfer of the Series A and Series D shares; |
| limitations on the voting rights of Series L shares; |
| the respective rights of the Series A, Series D and Series L shares, voting as separate classes in a special meeting, to elect specified numbers of our directors and alternate directors; |
| the respective rights of Series D shares to participate in the voting of extraordinary matters, as they are defined by our bylaws; and |
| prohibitions on non-Mexican ownership of Series A shares. See Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees, and Additional Transfer Restrictions Applicable to Series A and Series D shares. |
Under our bylaws, holders of Series L shares are entitled to vote in limited circumstances. They may appoint for election and elect up to three of our maximum of 21 directors and, in certain circumstances where holders of Series L shares have not voted for the director elected by holders of the majority of these series of shares, they may be entitled to elect and remove one director, through a general shareholders meeting, if they own 10% or more of all issued, subscribed and paid shares of the capital stock of our company, pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law. See Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and Employees. In addition, they are entitled to vote on certain matters, including certain changes in our corporate form, mergers involving our company when our company is the merged entity or when the principal corporate purpose of the merged entity is not related to the corporate purpose of our company, the cancellation of the registration of the Series L shares in the Mexican Stock Exchange or any other foreign stock exchange and those matters for which the Mexican Securities Market Law expressly allow them to vote.
Holders of our shares in the form of ADSs will receive notice of shareholders meetings from our ADS depositary in sufficient time to enable such holders to return voting instructions to the ADS depositary in a timely manner. Our past practice, which we intend to continue, has been to inform the depositary to timely notify holders of our shares in the form of ADSs of upcoming votes and ask for their instructions.
A quorum of 82% of our subscribed and paid shares of capital stock (including the Series L shares) and the vote of at least a majority of our capital stock voting (and not abstaining) at such extraordinary meeting is required for:
| the transformation of our company from one type of company to another (other than changing from a variable capital to fixed-capital corporation and vice versa); |
| any merger where we are not the surviving entity or any merger with an entity whose principal corporate purposes are different from those of our company or our subsidiaries; and |
| cancellation of the registration of our the Series L shares with the Mexican Registry of Securities, or RNV, maintained by the CNBV or with other foreign stock exchanges on which our shares may be listed. |
In the event of cancellation of the registration of any of our shares in the RNV, whether by order of the CNBV or at our request with the prior consent of 95% of the holders of our outstanding capital stock, our bylaws and the Mexican Securities Market Law require us to make a public offer to acquire these shares prior to their cancellation.
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Holders of Series L shares may attend, but not address, meetings of shareholders at which they are not entitled to vote.
Under our bylaws and the Mexican General Corporations Law, holders of shares of any series are entitled to vote as a class in a special meeting governed by the same rules that apply to extraordinary meetings on any action that would have an effect on the rights of holders of shares of such series. There are no procedures for determining whether a particular proposed shareholder action requires a class vote, and Mexican law does not provide extensive guidance on the criteria to be applied in making such a determination.
Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law, we are subject to a number of minority shareholder protections. These minority protections include provisions that permit:
| holders of at least 10% of our outstanding capital stock entitled to vote (including in a limited or restricted manner) may require the chairman of the board of directors or of the Audit or Corporate Practices Committees to call a shareholders meeting; |
| holders of at least 5% of our outstanding capital stock may bring an action for liability against our directors, the secretary of the board of directors or certain key officers; |
| holders of at least 10% of our outstanding capital stock who are entitled to vote, including limited or restricted vote, at any shareholders meeting to request that resolutions with respect to any matter on which they considered they were not sufficiently informed be postponed; |
| holders of 20% of our outstanding capital stock to oppose any resolution adopted at a shareholders meeting in which they are entitled to vote and file a petition for a court order to suspend the resolution temporarily within 15 days following the adjournment of the meeting at which the action was taken, provided that (1) the challenged resolution violates Mexican law or our bylaws, (2) the opposing shareholders neither attended the meeting nor voted in favor of the challenged resolution and (3) the opposing shareholders deliver a bond to the court to secure payment of any damages that we may suffer as a result of suspending the resolution in the event that the court ultimately rules against the opposing shareholder; and |
| holders of at least 10% of our outstanding capital stock who are entitled to vote, including limited or restricted vote, to appoint one member of our board of directors and one alternate member of our board of directors up to the maximum number of directors that each series is entitled to appoint under our bylaws. |
Shareholders Meetings
General shareholders meetings may be ordinary meetings or extraordinary meetings. Extraordinary meetings are those called to consider certain matters specified in Article 182 of the Mexican General Corporations Law, Article 53 of the Mexican Securities Market Law and in our bylaws. These matters include, among others: amendments to the bylaws, liquidation, dissolution, merger and transformation from one form of company to another, issuance of preferred stock and increases and reductions of the fixed portion of our capital stock. In addition, our bylaws require an extraordinary meeting to consider the cancellation of the registration of our shares with the RNV or with other foreign stock exchanges on which our shares may be listed, the amortization of distributable earnings into capital stock, and an increase in our capital stock. All other matters, including increases or decreases affecting the variable portion of our capital stock, are considered at an ordinary meeting.
An ordinary meeting of the holders of Series A and Series D shares must be held at least once each year (1) to consider the approval of the financial statements of our company for the preceding fiscal year and (2) to determine the allocation of the profits of the preceding year. Further, any transaction to be entered into by us or our subsidiaries within the next fiscal year that represents 20% or more of our consolidated assets must be approved at an ordinary shareholders meeting at which holders of Series L shares shall be entitled to vote.
Mexican law provides for a special meeting of shareholders to allow holders of shares of a series to vote as a class on any action that would prejudice exclusively the rights of holders of such series. Holders of Series A, Series D and Series L shares at their respective special meetings must appoint, remove or ratify directors, as well as determine their compensation.
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The quorum for ordinary and extraordinary meetings at which holders of Series L shares are not entitled to vote is 76% of the holders of subscribed and paid Series A and Series D shares, and the quorum for an extraordinary meeting at which holders of Series L shares are entitled to vote is 82% of the subscribed and paid shares of capital stock.
The quorum for special meetings of any series of shares is 75% of the holders of the subscribed and paid capital stock of such shares, and action may be taken by holders of a majority of such series of shares.
Resolutions adopted at an ordinary or extraordinary shareholders meeting are valid when adopted by holders of at least a majority of the subscribed and paid in capital stock voting (and not abstaining) at the meeting, unless in the event of any decisions defined as extraordinary matters by the bylaws or any payment of dividends above 20% of the preceding years retained earnings, which shall require the approval of a majority of shareholders of each of Series A and Series D shares voting together as a single class. Resolutions adopted at a special shareholders meeting are valid when adopted by the holders of at least a majority of the subscribed and paid shares of the series of shares entitled to attend the special meeting.
Shareholders meetings may be called by the board of directors, the Audit Committee or the Corporate Practices Committee and, under certain circumstances, a Mexican court. Holders of 10% or more of our capital stock may require the chairman of the board of directors, or the chairmen of the Audit Committee or Corporate Practices Committee to call a shareholders meeting. A notice of meeting and an agenda must be published in a newspaper of general circulation in Mexico City at least 15 days prior to the meeting. Notices must set forth the place, date and time of the meeting and the matters to be addressed and must be signed by whomever convened the meeting. All relevant information relating to the shareholders meeting must be made available to shareholders starting on the date of publication of the notice. To attend a meeting, shareholders must deposit their shares with us or with Indeval or an institution for the deposit of securities prior to the meeting as indicated in the notice. If entitled to attend the meeting, a shareholder may be represented by an attorney-in-fact.
Additional Transfer Restrictions Applicable to Series A and Series D Shares
Our bylaws provide that no holder of Series A or Series D shares may sell its shares unless it has disclosed the terms of the proposed sale and the name of the proposed buyer and has previously offered to sell the shares to the holders of the other series for the same price and terms as it intended to sell the shares to a third party. If the shareholders being offered shares do not choose to purchase the shares within 90 days of the offer, the selling shareholder is free to sell the shares to the third party at the price and under the specified terms. In addition, our bylaws impose certain procedures in connection with the pledge of any Series A or Series D shares to any financial institution that are designed, among other things, to ensure that the pledged shares will be offered to the holders of the other series at market value prior to any foreclosure. Finally, a proposed transfer of Series A or Series D shares other than a proposed sale or a pledge, or a change of control of a holder of Series A or Series D shares that is a subsidiary of a principal shareholder, would trigger rights of first refusal to purchase the shares at market value. See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor ShareholdersThe Shareholders Agreement.
Dividend Rights
At the annual ordinary meeting of holders of Series A and Series D shares, the board of directors submits our financial statements for the previous fiscal year, together with a report thereon by the board of directors. Once the holders of Series A and Series D shares have approved the financial statements, they determine the allocation of our net income for the preceding year. Mexican law requires the allocation of at least 5% of net income to a legal reserve, which is not subsequently available for distribution until the amount of the legal reserve equals 20% of our capital stock. Thereafter, the holders of Series A and Series D shares may determine and allocate a certain percentage of net income to any general or special reserve, including a reserve for open-market purchases of our shares. The remainder of net income is available for distribution in the form of dividends to the shareholders.
All shares outstanding and fully paid (including Series L shares) at the time a dividend or other distribution is declared are entitled to share equally in the dividend or other distribution. No series of shares is entitled to a preferred dividend. Shares that are only partially paid participate in a dividend or other distributions in the same proportion that the shares have been paid at the time of the dividend or other distributions. Treasury shares are not entitled to dividends or other distributions.
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Change in Capital
According to our bylaws, any change in our authorized capital stock requires a resolution of an extraordinary meeting of shareholders. We are permitted to issue shares constituting fixed capital and shares constituting variable capital. The fixed portion of our capital stock may be increased or decreased only by amendment of our bylaws adopted by a resolution at an extraordinary meeting of the shareholders. The variable portion of our capital stock may be increased or decreased by resolution of an ordinary meeting of the shareholders without amending our bylaws. All changes in the fixed or variable capital have to be registered in our capital variation registry, as required by the applicable law.
A capital stock increase may be effected through the issuance of new shares for payment in cash or in kind, or by capitalization of indebtedness or of certain items of equity. Treasury stock may only be sold pursuant to a public offering.
Preemptive Rights
The Mexican Securities Market Law permits the issuance and sale of shares through a public offering without granting shareholders preemptive rights, if permitted by the bylaws and upon, among other things, express authorization of the CNBV and the approval of the extraordinary shareholders meeting called for such purpose. Under Mexican law and our bylaws, except in these circumstances and other limited circumstances (including mergers, sales of repurchased shares, conversion into shares of convertible securities and capital increases by means of payment in kind for shares or shares issued in return for the cancellation of debt), in the event of an increase in our capital stock, a holder of record generally has the right to subscribe to shares of a series held by such holder sufficient to maintain such holders existing proportionate holding of shares of that series. Preemptive rights must be exercised during a term fixed by the shareholders at the meeting declaring the capital increase, which term must last at least 15 days following the publication of notice of the capital increase in the Mexican Official State Gazette. As a result of applicable United States securities laws, holders of ADSs may be restricted in their ability to participate in the exercise of preemptive rights under the terms of the deposit agreement. Shares subject to a preemptive rights offering, with respect to which preemptive rights have not been exercised, may be sold by us to third parties on the same terms and conditions previously approved by the shareholders or the board of directors. Under Mexican law, preemptive rights cannot be waived in advance or be assigned, or be represented by an instrument that is negotiable separately from the corresponding shares.
Limitations on Share Ownership
Ownership by non-Mexican nationals of shares of Mexican companies is regulated by the 1993 Foreign Investment Law and its regulations. The Mexican Foreign Investment Commission is responsible for the administration of the Mexican Foreign Investment Law and its regulations.
As a general rule, the Mexican Foreign Investment Law allows foreign holdings of up to 100% of the capital stock of Mexican companies, except for those companies engaged in certain specified restricted industries. The Mexican Foreign Investment Law and its regulations require that Mexican shareholders retain the power to determine the administrative control and the management of corporations in industries in which special restrictions on foreign holdings are applicable. Foreign investment in our shares is not limited under either the Mexican Foreign Investment Law or its regulations.
Although the Mexican Foreign Investment Law grants broad authority to the Mexican Foreign Investment Commission to allow foreign investors to own more than 49% of the capital of Mexican enterprises after taking into consideration public policy and economic concerns, our bylaws provide that Series A shares must at all times constitute no less than 51% of all outstanding common shares with full voting rights (excluding Series L shares) and may only be held by Mexican investors. Under our bylaws, in the event Series A shares are subscribed or acquired by any other shareholders holding shares of any other series, and the shareholder is of a nationality other than Mexican, these Series A shares are automatically converted into shares of the same series of stock that this shareholder owns, and this conversion will be considered perfected at the same time as the subscription or acquisition.
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Other Provisions
Authority of the Board of Directors. The board of directors is our legal representative and is authorized to take any action in connection with our operations not expressly reserved to our shareholders. Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law, the board of directors must approve, observing at all moments their duty of care and duty of loyalty, among other matters the following:
| any transactions with related parties outside the ordinary course of our business; |
| significant asset transfers or acquisitions; |
| material guarantees or collateral; |
| appointment of officers and managers deemed necessary, as well as the necessary committees; |
| the annual business plan and the five-year business plan; internal policies; and |
| other material transactions. |
Meetings of the board of directors are validly convened and held if a majority of the members are present. Resolutions passed at these meetings will be valid if approved by a majority of the directors voting (and not abstaining). The majority of the members, which shall include the vote of at least two Series D Shares directors, shall approve any extraordinary decision including any new business acquisition or combination or any change in the existing line of business, among others. If required, the chairman of the board of directors may cast a tie-breaking vote.
See Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesDirectors and Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesBoard Practices.
Redemption. Our fully paid shares are subject to redemption in connection with either (1) a reduction of capital stock or (2) a redemption with distributable earnings, which, in either case, must be approved by our shareholders at an extraordinary shareholders meeting. The shares subject to any such redemption would be selected by us by lot or in the case of redemption with distributable earnings, by purchasing shares by means of a tender offer conducted on the Mexican Stock Exchange, in accordance with the Mexican General Corporations Law and the Mexican Securities Market Law.
Repurchase of Shares. According to our bylaws, and subject to the provisions of the Mexican Securities Market Law and under rules promulgated by the CNBV, we may repurchase our shares.
In accordance with the Mexican Securities Market Law, our subsidiaries may not purchase, directly or indirectly, shares of our capital stock or any security that represents such shares.
Forfeiture of Shares. As required by Mexican law, our bylaws provide that non-Mexican holders of our shares are (1) considered to be Mexican with respect to such shares that they acquire or hold and (2) may not invoke the protection of their own governments in respect of the investment represented by those shares. Failure to comply with our bylaws may result in a penalty of forfeiture of a shareholders capital stock in favor of the Mexican state. Under this provision, a non-Mexican holder of our shares (including a non-Mexican holder of ADSs) is deemed to have agreed not to invoke the protection of its own government by asking such government to interpose a diplomatic claim against the Mexican state with respect to its rights as a shareholder, but is not deemed to have waived any other rights it may have, including any rights under the United States securities laws, with respect to its investment in our company. If a shareholder should invoke governmental protection in violation of this agreement, its shares could be forfeited to the Mexican state.
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Duration. Our bylaws provide that our companys term is for 99 years from its date of incorporation, unless extended through a resolution of an extraordinary shareholders meeting.
Fiduciary DutiesDuty of Care. The Mexican Securities Market Law provides that the directors shall act in good faith and in our best interest and in the best interest of our subsidiaries. In order to fulfill its duty, the board of directors may:
| request information about us or our subsidiaries that is reasonably necessary to fulfill its duties; |
| require our officers and certain other persons, including the external auditors, to appear at board of directors meetings to report to the board of directors; |
| postpone board of directors meetings for up to three days when a director has not been given sufficient notice of the meeting or in the event that a director has not been provided with the information provided to the other directors; and |
| require a matter be discussed and voted upon by the full board of directors in the presence of the secretary of the board of directors. |
Our directors may be liable for damages for failing to comply their duty of care if such failure causes economic damage to us or our subsidiaries and the director (1) failed to attend, board of directors or committee meetings and as a result of, such failure, the board of directors was unable to take action, unless such absence is approved by the shareholders meeting, (2) failed to disclose to the board of directors or the committees material information necessary for the board of directors to reach a decision, unless legally prohibited from doing so or required to do so to maintain confidentiality, and (3) failed to comply with the duties imposed by the Mexican Securities Market Law or our bylaws.
Fiduciary DutiesDuty of Loyalty. The Mexican Securities Market Law provides that the directors and secretary of the board of directors shall keep confidential any non-public information and matters about which they have knowledge as a result of their position. Also, directors should abstain from participating, attending or voting at meetings related to matters where they have a conflict of interest.
The directors and secretary of the board of directors will be deemed to have violated the duty of loyalty, and will be liable for damages, when they obtain an economic benefit by virtue of their position. Further, the directors will fail to comply with their duty of loyalty if they:
| vote at a board of directors meeting or take any action on a matter involving our assets where there is a conflict of interest; |
| fail to disclose a conflict of interest during a board of directors meeting; |
| enter into an voting arrangement to support a particular shareholder or group of shareholders against the other shareholders; |
| approve transactions without complying with the requirements of the Mexican Securities Market Law; |
| use company property in violation of the policies approved by the board of directors; |
| unlawfully use material non-public information; and |
| usurp a corporate opportunity for their own benefit or the benefit of a third party, without the prior approval of the board of directors. |
Appraisal Rights. Whenever the shareholders approve a change of corporate purpose, change of nationality or the transformation from one form of company to another, any shareholder entitled to vote on such change that has voted against it, may withdraw as a shareholder of our company and have its shares redeemed at a price per share calculated as specified under applicable Mexican law, provided that it exercises its right within 15 days following the adjournment of the meeting at which the change was approved. In this case, the shareholder would be entitled to the reimbursement of its shares, in proportion to our assets in accordance with the last approved balance sheet. Because holders of Series L shares are not entitled to vote on certain types of these changes, these withdrawal rights are available to holders of Series L shares in fewer cases than to holders of other series of our capital stock.
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Liquidation. Upon our liquidation, one or more liquidators may be appointed to wind up our affairs. All fully paid and outstanding shares of capital stock (including Series L shares) will be entitled to participate equally in any distribution upon liquidation. Shares that are only partially paid participate in any distribution upon liquidation in the proportion that they have been paid at the time of liquidation. There are no liquidation preferences for any series of our shares.
Actions Against Directors. Shareholders (including holders of Series L shares) representing, in the aggregate, not less than 5% of the capital stock may directly bring an action against directors
In the event of actions derived from any breach of the duty of care and the duty of loyalty, liability is exclusively in our favor. The Mexican Securities Market Law, contrary to the previous securities law, establishes that liability may be imposed on the members and the secretary of the board of directors, as well as to the relevant officers.
Notwithstanding, the Mexican Securities Market Law provides that the members of the board of directors will not incur, individually or jointly, in liability for damages and losses caused to our company, when their acts were made in good faith, provided that (1) the directors complied with the requirements of the Mexican Securities Market Law and with our bylaws, (2) the decision making or voting was based on information provided by the relevant officers, the external auditor or the independent experts, whose capacity and credibility do not offer reasonable doubt; (3) the negative economic effects could not have been foreseen, based on the information available; and (4) the resolutions of the shareholders meeting were observed.
Limited Liability. The liability of shareholders for our companys losses is limited to their shareholdings in our company.
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We manufacture, package, distribute and sell sparkling beverages, still beverages, value-added dairy products, coffee products, and bottled water under bottler agreements with The Coca-Cola Company. In addition, pursuant to a tradename license agreement with The Coca-Cola Company, we are authorized to use certain trademark names of The Coca-Cola Company. For a discussion of the terms of these agreements, see Item 4. Information on the CompanyBottler Agreements.
We operate pursuant to a shareholders agreement, as amended from time to time, among two subsidiaries of FEMSA, The Coca-Cola Company and certain of its subsidiaries. For a discussion of the terms of this agreement, see Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsMajor ShareholdersThe Shareholders Agreement.
We purchase the majority of our non-returnable plastic bottles from ALPLA, a provider authorized by The Coca-Cola Company, pursuant to an agreement we entered into in April 1998 for our original operations in Mexico. Under this agreement, we rent plant space to ALPLA, where it produces plastic bottles to certain specifications and quantities for our use.
In September 2010, we renewed and extended our existing agreements with Hewlett Packard (formerly known as Electronic Data Systems before acquisition by Hewlett Packard), for the outsourcing of technology services in all of our territories. These agreements are valid until August 2015, unless terminated by us through previous notice to Hewlett Packard.
See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and ProspectsSummary of Significant Debt Instruments for a brief discussion of certain terms of our significant debt agreements.
See Item 7. Major Shareholders and Related Party TransactionsRelated Party Transactions for a discussion of other transactions and agreements with our affiliates and associated companies.
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The following summary contains a description of certain U.S. federal income and Mexican federal tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Series L shares or ADSs by a holder that is a citizen or resident of the United States, a U.S. domestic corporation or a person or entity that otherwise will be subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis in respect of the Series L shares or ADSs, which we refer to as a U.S. holder, but it does not purport to be a description of all of the possible tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase the Series L shares or ADSs. In particular, this discussion does not address all Mexican or U.S. federal income tax considerations that may be relevant to a particular investor, nor does it address the special tax rules applicable to certain categories of investors, such as banks, dealers, traders who elect to mark to market, tax-exempt entities, insurance companies, certain short-term holders of Series L shares or ADSs or investors who hold the Series L shares or ADSs as part of a hedge, straddle, conversion or integrated transaction or investors who have a functional currency other than the U.S. dollar. U.S. holders should be aware that the tax consequences of holding the Series L shares or ADSs may be materially different for investors described in the preceding sentence. This summary deals only with U.S. holders that will hold the Series L shares or ADSs as capital assets and does not address the tax treatment of a U.S. holder that owns or is treated as owning 10% or more of the voting shares (including Series L shares) of our company.
This summary is based upon the federal tax laws of the United States and Mexico as in effect on the date of this annual report, including the provisions of the income tax treaty between the United States and Mexico and the protocols thereto, which we refer to in this annual report as the Tax Treaty, which are subject to change. The summary does not address any tax consequences under the laws of any state or locality of Mexico or the United States or the laws of any taxing jurisdiction other than the federal laws of Mexico and the United States. Holders of the Series L shares or ADSs should consult their tax advisers as to the U.S., Mexican or other tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of Series L shares or ADSs, including, in particular, the effect of any foreign, state or local tax laws.
Mexican Taxation
For purposes of this summary, the term non-resident holder means a holder that is not a resident of Mexico and that does not hold the Series L shares, or ADSs in connection with the conduct of a trade or business through a permanent establishment in Mexico. For purposes of Mexican taxation, an individual is a resident of Mexico if he or she has established his or her home in Mexico, or if he or she has another home outside Mexico but his or her center of vital interests (as defined in the Mexican Tax Code) is located in Mexico. The center of vital interests of an individual is situated in Mexico when, among other circumstances, more than 50% of that persons total income during a calendar year originates from within Mexico. A legal entity is a resident of Mexico if it has its principal place of business or its place of effective management in Mexico. A Mexican citizen is presumed to be a resident of Mexico unless such a person can demonstrate that the contrary is true. If a legal entity or an individual is deemed to have a permanent establishment in Mexico for tax purposes, all income attributable to such a permanent establishment will be subject to Mexican taxes, in accordance with applicable tax laws.
Tax Considerations Relating to the Series L shares and the ADSs
Taxation of Dividends. Under Mexican income tax law, dividends, either in cash or in kind, paid with respect to the Series L shares represented by ADSs or the Series L shares are not subject to Mexican withholding tax.
Taxation of Dispositions of ADSs or Series L shares. Gains from the sale or disposition of ADSs by non-resident holders will not be subject to Mexican withholding tax. Gains from the sale of Series L shares carried out by non-resident holders through the Mexican Stock Exchange or other securities markets situated in countries that have a tax treaty with Mexico will generally be exempt from Mexican tax provided certain additional requirements are met. Also, certain restrictions will apply if the Series L shares are transferred as a consequence of public offerings.
Gains on the sale or other disposition of Series L shares or ADSs made in other circumstances generally would be subject to Mexican tax, regardless of the nationality or residence of the transferor. However, under the Tax Treaty, a holder that is eligible to claim the benefits of the Tax Treaty will be exempt from Mexican tax on gains realized on a sale or other disposition of Series L shares or ADSs in a transaction that is not carried out through the Mexican Stock Exchange or other approved securities markets, so long as the holder did not own, directly or indirectly, 25% or more of our total capital stock (including Series L shares represented by ADSs) within the 12-month period preceding such sale or other disposition and provided that the gains are not attributable to a permanent establishment or a fixed base in Mexico. Deposits of Series L shares in exchange for ADSs and withdrawals of Series L shares in exchange for ADSs will not give rise to Mexican tax.
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Non-resident holders that do not meet the requirements referred to above are subject to a 5% withholding tax on the gross sales price received upon the sale of Series L shares through the Mexican Stock Exchange. Alternatively, non-resident holders may elect to be subject to a 20% tax rate on their net gains from the sale as calculated pursuant to the Mexican Income Tax Law provisions. In both cases, the financial institutions involved in the transfers must withhold the tax.
Other Mexican Taxes
There are no Mexican inheritance, gift, succession or value added taxes applicable to the ownership, transfer, exchange or disposition of the ADSs or the Series L shares, although gratuitous transfers of Series L shares may in certain circumstances cause a Mexican federal tax to be imposed upon the recipient. There are no Mexican stamp, issue, registration or similar taxes or duties payable by holders of the ADSs or Series L shares.
United States Taxation
Tax Considerations Relating to the Series L shares and the ADSs
In general, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, holders of ADSs will be treated as the owners of the Series L shares represented by those ADSs.
Taxation of Dividends. The gross amount of any dividends paid with respect to the Series L shares represented by ADSs or the Series L shares generally will be included in the gross income of a U.S. holder as ordinary income on the day on which the dividends are received by the U.S. holder, in the case of the Series L shares, or by the depositary, in the case of the Series L shares represented by ADSs, and will not be eligible for the dividends received deduction allowed to corporations under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Dividends, which will be paid in Mexican pesos, will be includible in the income of a U.S. holder in a U.S. dollar amount calculated, in general, by reference to the exchange rate in effect on the date that they are received by the U.S. holder, in the case of the Series L shares, or by the depositary, in the case of the Series L shares represented by the ADSs (regardless of whether such Mexican pesos are in fact converted into U.S. dollars on such date). If such dividends are converted into U.S. dollars on the date of receipt, a U.S. holder generally should not be required to recognize foreign currency gain or loss in respect of the dividends. Subject to certain exceptions for short-term and hedged positions, the U.S. dollar amount of dividends received by an individual U.S. holder in respect of Series L shares or ADSs generally is subject to taxation at the preferential rates applicable to long-term capital gains if the dividends are qualified dividends. Dividends paid on the ADSs will be treated as qualified dividends if (1) the issuer is eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States that the Internal Revenue Service has approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules and (2) the issuer was not, in the year prior to the year in which the dividend was paid, and is not, in the year in which the dividend is paid a passive foreign investment company. The income tax treaty between Mexico and the United States has been approved for the purposes of the qualified dividend rules. Based on our audited consolidated financial statements and relevant market and shareholder data, we believe that we were not treated as a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income tax purposes with respect to our 2012 taxable year. In addition, based on our audited financial statements and our current expectations regarding the value and nature of our assets, the sources and nature of our income, and relevant market and shareholder data, we do not anticipate becoming a passive foreign investment company for our 2013 taxable year. U.S. holders should consult their tax advisers regarding the treatment of the foreign currency gain or loss, if any, on any Mexican pesos received that are converted into U.S. dollars on a date subsequent to the date of receipt. Dividends generally will constitute foreign source passive income for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
Distributions to holders of additional Series L shares with respect to their ADSs that are made as part of a pro rata distribution to all of our shareholders generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.
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A holder of Series L shares or ADSs that is, with respect to the United States, a foreign corporation or non-U.S. holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on dividends received on Series L shares or ADSs unless such income is effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business in the United States.
Taxation of Capital Gains. A gain or loss realized by a U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of ADSs or Series L shares will be subject to U.S. federal income taxation as capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between the amount realized on the disposition and such U.S. holders tax basis in the ADSs or the Series L shares. Any such gain or loss will be a long-term capital gain or loss if the ADSs or Series L shares were held for more than one year on the date of such sale. Long-term capital gain recognized by a U.S. holder that is an individual is subject to reduced rates of federal income taxation. The deduction of capital loss is subject to limitations for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Deposits and withdrawals of Series L shares by U.S. holders in exchange for ADSs will not result in the realization of gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes.
Gain, if any, realized by a U.S. holder on the sale or other disposition of Series L shares or ADSs will be treated as U.S. source income for U.S. foreign tax credit purposes.
A non-U.S. holder of Series L shares or ADSs will not be subject to U.S. federal income or withholding tax on any gain realized on the sale of Series L shares or ADSs, unless (1) such gain is effectively connected with the conduct by the non-U.S. holder of a trade or business in the United States, or (2) in the case of gain realized by an individual non-U.S. holder, the non-U.S. holder is present in the United States for 183 days or more in the taxable year of the sale and certain other conditions are met.
United States Backup Withholding and Information Reporting
A U.S. holder of Series L shares or ADSs may, under certain circumstances, be subject to backup withholding with respect to certain payments to such U.S. holder, such as dividends or the proceeds of a sale or disposition of Series L shares or ADSs unless such holder (1) is a corporation or comes within certain exempt categories, and demonstrates this fact when so required, or (2) provides a correct taxpayer identification number, certifies that it is not subject to backup withholding and otherwise complies with applicable requirements of the backup withholding rules. Any amount withheld under these rules does not constitute a separate tax and will be creditable against the holders U.S. federal income tax liability. While non-U.S. holders generally are exempt from backup withholding, a non-U.S. holder may, in certain circumstances, be required to comply with certain information and identification procedures in order to prove this exemption.
We file reports, including annual reports on Form 20-F, and other information with the SEC pursuant to the rules and regulations of the SEC that apply to foreign private issuers. You may read and copy any materials filed with the SEC at its public reference room in Washington, D.C., at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. Filings we make electronically with the SEC are also available to the public on the Internet at the SECs website at www.sec.gov and at our website at www.coca-colafemsa.com. (This URL is intended to be an inactive textual reference only. It is not intended to be an active hyperlink to our website. The information on our website, which might be accessible through a hyperlink resulting from this URL, is not and shall not be deemed to be incorporated into this annual report.)
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Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
As a part of our risk management strategy, we use derivative financial instruments with the purpose of (1) achieving a desired liability structure with a balanced risk profile, (2) managing the exposure to production input and raw material costs and (3) hedging balance sheet and cash flow exposures to foreign currency fluctuation. We do not use derivative financial instruments for speculative or profit-generating purposes. We track the fair value (mark to market) of our derivative financial instruments and its possible changes using scenario analyses.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk exists principally with respect to our indebtedness that bears interest at floating rates. At December 31, 2012, we had total indebtedness of Ps. 29,914 million, of which 33% bore interest at fixed interest rates and 67% bore interest at variable interest rates. After giving effect to our swap and forward contracts, as of December 31, 2012, 34% of our debt was fixed-rate and 66% of our debt was variable-rate, calculated by weighting each years outstanding debt balance mix. The interest rate on our variable rate debt denominated in U.S. dollars is generally determined by reference to the London Interbank Offer Rate, or LIBOR, and the interest rate on our variable rate debt denominated in Mexican pesos is generally determined by reference to the Tasa de Interés Interbancaria de Equilibrio (the Equilibrium Interbank Interest Rate), or TIIE. If these reference rates increase, our interest payments would consequently increase.
The table below provides information about our financial instruments that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, without giving effect to interest rate swaps. The table presents weighted average interest rates by expected contractual maturity dates. Weighted average variable rates are based on the reference rates on December 31, 2012, plus spreads, contracted by us. The instruments actual payments are denominated in U.S. dollars, Mexican pesos, Brazilian reais, Colombian pesos and Argentine pesos. All of the payments in the table are presented in Mexican pesos, our reporting currency, assuming the foreign exchange of Ps. 13.01 Mexican pesos per U.S. dollar reported by Banco de México quoted to us by dealers for the settlement of obligations in foreign currencies on December 31, 2012.
The table below also includes the fair value of long-term debt based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate is estimated using rates currently offered for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. Furthermore, the fair value of long-term notes payable is based on quoted market prices on December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012, the fair value represents a loss amount of Ps. 1,253 million.
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Principal by Year of Maturity
At December 31, 2012 | At December 31, 2011 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 and thereafter |
Total Carrying Value |
Total Fair Value |
Total Carrying Value |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Currency in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt and Notes: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed Rate Debt and Notes |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
| | | | | 6,458 | 6,458 | 7,351 | 6,938 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
| | | | | 4.6% | 4.6% | 4.6% | 4.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos |
| | | | | 2,495 | 2,495 | 2,822 | 2,495 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
| | | | | 8.3% | 8.3% | 8.3% | 8.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brazilian reais (Bank loans) |
9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 20 | 65 | 60 | 82 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
4.5% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 4.5% | 4.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brazilian reais (Obligations under finance leases) |
4 | 4 | 3 | | | | 11 | 11 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
4.5% | 4.5% | 4.5% | | | | 4.5% | 4.5% | 4.5% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Argentine pesos |
180 | 336 | 13 | | | | 529 | 514 | 595 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
18.7% | 20.7% | 15.0% | | | | 19.9% | 19.9% | 16.4% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Fixed Rate |
193 | 349 | 25 | 9 | 9 | 8,973 | 9,558 | 10,758 | 10,127 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable Rate Debt |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
195 | 2,600 | 5,195 | | | | 7,990 | 8,008 | 251 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
0.6% | 0.9% | 0.9% | | | | 0.9% | 0.9% | 0.7% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos |
266 | 1,370 | 2,774 | | | | 4,380 | 4,430 | 4,392 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
5.1% | 5.1% | 5.1% | | | | 5.1% | 5.1% | 5.0% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos (domestic senior notes) |
| | | 2,511 | | | 2,511 | 2,500 | 5,501 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
| | | 5.0% | | | 5.0% | 5.0% | 4.8% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brazilian reais |
| | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
| | | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colombian pesos |
| 990 | | | | | 990 | 990 | 936 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
| 6.8% | | | | | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colombian pesos (obligations under finance leases) |
185 | | | | | | 185 | 186 | 386 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
6.8% | | | | | | 6.8% | 6.8% | 6.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Argentine pesos |
106 | | | | | | 106 | 106 | 130 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate(1) |
22.9% | | | | | | 22.9% | 22.9% | 27.3% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Variable Rate |
752 | 4,960 | 7,939 | 2,511 | | | 16,162 | 16,220 | 11,596 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Long-Term Debt |
945 | 5,309 | 7,964 | 2,520 | 9 | 8,973 | 25,720 | 26,978 | 21,723 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Portion of Long-Term Debt |
945 | | | | | | 945 | | 4,902 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Long-Term Debt |
| 5,309 | 7,964 | 2,520 | 9 | 8,973 | 24,775 | 26,978 | 16,821 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative Instruments: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest Rate Swaps (Mexican pesos) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable to fixed(3) |
1,287 | 575 | 1,963 | | | | 3,825 | (189) | 5,450 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest pay rate |
8.49% | 8.43% | 8.63% | | | | 8.55% | | 8.41% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest receive rate |
5.06% | 5.09% | 5.05% | | | | 5.06% | | |
4.91%/ 28dTIIE +0.22%(2) |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cross-Currency Swaps (Mexican pesos) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable to variable(3) |
| 2,553 | | | | | 2,553 | 46 | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest pay rate |
| 4.83% | | | | | 4.83% | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest receive rate |
| 0.97% | | | | | 0.97% | | |
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(1) | All interest rates are weighted average contractual annual rates. |
(2) | Forward starting swaps in which the receive rate is not known, until the start of the validity period. |
(3) | Notional amount. |
A hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable change of 100 basis points in the average interest rate applicable to our floating-rate financial instruments held during 2012 would have increased our interest expense by approximately Ps. 74 million, or 5.7% over our interest expense of 2012, assuming no additional debt is incurred during such period, in each case after giving effect to all of our interest rate swap and cross-currency swap agreements.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk
Our principal exchange rate risk involves changes in the value of the local currencies of each country in which we operate, relative to the U.S. dollar. In 2012, the percentage of our consolidated total revenues was denominated as follows:
Total Revenues by Currency | ||||
At December 31, 2012 | ||||
Currency |
% | |||
Mexican peso |
39.2 | % | ||
Colombian peso |
9.5 | % | ||
Venezuelan bolivar |
18.1 | % | ||
Argentine peso |
7.0 | % | ||
Brazilian real |
20.7 | % | ||
Other (Central America) |
5.5 | % |
We estimate that approximately 19.0% of our consolidated costs of goods sold are denominated in U.S. dollars for Mexican subsidiaries and in the aforementioned currencies for our non-Mexican subsidiaries. Substantially all of our costs denominated in a foreign currency, other than the functional currency of each country in which we operate, are denominated in U.S. dollars. During 2012, we entered into forward derivative instruments and options to hedge part of our Mexican peso, Brazilian reais, and Colombian peso fluctuation risk relative to our raw material costs denominated in U.S. dollars. These instruments are considered hedges for accounting purposes. As of December 31, 2012, 53% of our indebtedness was denominated in U.S. dollars, 40% in Mexican pesos and the remaining 7% in Brazilian reais, Colombian pesos and Argentine pesos (including the effects of our derivative contracts as of December 31, 2012, including cross currency swaps from Mexican pesos to U.S. dollars). Decreases in the value of the different currencies relative to the U.S. dollar will increase the cost of our foreign currency-denominated operating costs and expenses and of the debt service obligations with respect to our foreign currency-denominated debt. A depreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar will also result in foreign exchange losses, as the Mexican peso value of our foreign currency denominated-indebtedness is increased. See also Item 3. Key InformationRisk FactorsDepreciation of the Mexican peso relative to the U.S. dollar could adversely affect our financial condition and results.
A hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable 10% devaluation in the value of each local currency in the countries where we operate relative to the U.S. dollar occurring on December 31, 2012, would have resulted in an increase in our net consolidated comprehensive financing result expense of approximately Ps. 238.0 million, reflecting higher foreign exchange gain generated by the cash balances held in U.S. dollars as of that date, net of the loss based on our U.S. dollar-denominated indebtedness at December 31, 2012, after giving effect to all of our interest rate swap and cross-currency swap agreements.
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As of March 8, 2013, the exchange rates relative to the U.S. dollar of all the countries in which we operate have appreciated or depreciated compared to December 31, 2012 as follows:
Exchange Rate As of March 8, 2013 |
(Depreciation) or Appreciation | |||||||||
Mexico |
12.65 | 2.7% | ||||||||
Guatemala |
7.79 | 1.4% | ||||||||
Nicaragua |
24.34 | (0.9)% | ||||||||
Costa Rica |
505.70 | 1.7% | ||||||||
Panama |
1.00 | 0.0% | ||||||||
Colombia |
1,803.65 | (2.0)% | ||||||||
Venezuela |
6.30 | (46.5)% | ||||||||
Brazil |
1.95 | 4.4% | ||||||||
Argentina |
5.07 | (3.0)% |
A hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable 10% devaluation in the value of the currencies of each of the countries in which we operate relative to the U.S. dollar at December 31, 2012, would produce a reduction in equity of approximately the following amounts:
Reduction in Equity | ||||
(millions of Mexican pesos) | ||||
Mexico |
689 | |||
Colombia |
955 | |||
Venezuela |
990 | |||
Brazil |
1,394 | |||
Argentina |
85 | |||
Other (Central America) |
520 |
Equity Risk
As of December 31, 2012 we did not have any equity risk .
Commodity Price Risk
During 2012, we entered into futures contracts to hedge the cost of sugar in Brazil and Colombia, as well as futures and forward contracts to hedge the cost of aluminum in Brazil. The notional value of the sugar hedges was Ps. 2,636 million as of December 31, 2012, with a fair value of Ps. (195) million with maturities ranging from 2013 to 2015. The notional value of the aluminum hedges was Ps. 335 million as of December 31, 2012, with a fair value of Ps. (5) million with maturities in 2013.
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Item 12. Description of Securities Other than Equity Securities
Item 12.A. | Debt Securities |
Not applicable.
Item 12.B. | Warrants and Rights |
Not applicable.
Item 12.C. | Other Securities |
Not applicable.
Item 12.D. | American Depositary Shares |
The Bank of New York Mellon serves as the depositary for our ADSs. Holders of our ADSs, evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, are required to pay various fees to the depositary, and the depositary may refuse to provide any service for which a fee is assessed until the applicable fee has been paid.
ADS holders are required to pay the depositary amounts in respect of expenses incurred by the depositary or its agents on behalf of ADS holders, including expenses arising from compliance with applicable law, taxes or other governmental charges, cable, telex and facsimile transmission, or conversion of foreign currency into U.S. dollars. The depositary may decide in its sole discretion to seek payment by either billing holders or by deducting the fee from one or more cash dividends or other cash distributions.
ADS holders are also required to pay additional fees for certain services provided by the depositary, as set forth in the table below.
Depositary service |
Fee payable by ADS | |
Issuance and delivery of ADRs, including in connection with share distributions |
Up to US$ 5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) | |
Withdrawal of shares underlying ADSs |
Up to US$ 5.00 per 100 ADSs (or portion thereof) | |
Registration for the transfer of shares |
Registration or transfer fees that may from time to time be in effect |
In addition, holders may be required to pay a fee for the distribution or sale of securities. Such fee (which may be deducted from such proceeds) would be for an amount equal to the lesser of (1) the fee for the issuance of ADSs that would be charged as if the securities were treated as deposited shares and (2) the amount of such proceeds.
Direct and indirect payments by the depositary
The depositary reimburses us for certain expenses we incur in connection with the ADS program, subject to a ceiling agreed between us and the depositary. These reimbursable expenses include listing fees and fees payable to service providers for the distribution of material to ADR holders. For the year ended December 31, 2012, this amount was approximately US$ 111,033.
Item 13. | Defaults, Dividend Arrearages and Delinquencies. |
Not applicable.
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Item 14. Material Modifications to the Rights of Security Holders and Use of Proceeds.
Not applicable.
Item 15. Controls and Procedures
(a) | Disclosure Controls and Procedures |
We have evaluated, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2012. There are inherent limitations to the effectiveness of any system of disclosure controls and procedures, including the possibility of human error and the circumvention or overriding of the controls and procedures. Accordingly, even effective disclosure controls and procedures can only provide reasonable assurance of achieving their control objectives. Based upon our evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the applicable rules and forms, and that it is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
(b) | Managements Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting |
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a15(f) and 15d15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with IFRS. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions or our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS, and that our receipts an expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal ControlsIntegrated framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Tread way Commission, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2012.
Our management assessment and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012 excludes, in accordance with applicable guidance provided by the SEC, an assessment of the internal control over financial reporting of Grupo Fomento Queretano, which we acquired in May 2012. Grupo Fomento Queretano represented 1.4% and 1.6% of our total and net assets, respectively, as of December 31, 2012, and 1.6% and 2.0% of our revenues and net income, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2012. No material changes in our internal control over financial reporting were identified as a result of this merger.
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(c) | Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm |
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND SHAREHOLDERS OF Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. DE C.V.:
We have audited Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
As indicated in the accompanying Managements Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, managements assessment of and conclusion on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of Grupo Fomento Queretano, S.A.P.I de C.V. and its subsidiaries (collectively Grupo FOQUE), acquired on May 4, 2012, which is included in the 2012 consolidated financial statements of Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries, and constituted 1.4% and 1.6% of total and net assets as of December 31, 2012 and 1.6% and 2.0% of revenues and net income for the year then ended. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries, also did not include an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Grupo FOQUE.
In our opinion, Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on the COSO criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated statements of financial position of Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011, and the related consolidated income statements, consolidated statements of comprehensive income, consolidated statements of changes in equity, and consolidated statements of cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2012 and our report dated March 14, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
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Mancera, S.C.
A member practice of
Ernst & Young Global
/s/ Oscar Aguirre Hernandez
Oscar Aguirre Hernandez
Mexico City, Mexico
March 14, 2013
(d) | Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. |
There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during 2012 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert
Our shareholders and our board of directors have designated José Manuel Canal Hernando, an independent director as required by the Mexican Securities Market Law and applicable New York Stock Exchange listing standards, as an audit committee financial expert within the meaning of this Item 16A. See Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesDirectors.
We have adopted a code of ethics, within the meaning of this Item 16B of Form 20-F under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Our code of ethics applies to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer and persons performing similar functions as well as to our directors and other officers and employees. Our code of ethics is available on our website at www.coca-colafemsa.com. If we amend the provisions of our code of ethics that apply to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer and persons performing similar functions, or if we grant any waiver of such provisions, we will disclose such amendment or waiver on our website at the same address. In accordance with our code of ethics, we have developed a voice mailbox available to our employees to which complaints may be reported.
Item 16C. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
Audit and Non-Audit Fees
The following table summarizes the aggregate fees billed to us by Mancera, S.C. and other Ernst & Young practices (collectively, Ernst and Young) during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011:
Year ended December 31, | ||||
2012 | 2011 | |||
(millions of Mexican pesos) | ||||
Audit fees |
58 | 53 | ||
Audit-related fees |
3 | 4 | ||
Tax fees |
3 | 5 | ||
|
| |||
Total fees |
64 | 62 | ||
|
|
Audit Fees. Audit fees in the above table are the aggregate fees billed by Ernst & Young in connection with the audit of our annual financial statements and the review of our quarterly financial information and statutory audits.
107
Audit-related Fees. Audit-related fees in the above table are the aggregate fees billed by Ernst & Young for assurance and other services related to the performance of the audit, mainly in connection with special audits and reviews.
Tax Fees. Tax fees in the above table are fees billed by Ernst & Young for services based upon existing facts and prior transactions in order to assist us in documenting, computing and obtaining government approval for amounts included in tax filings such as transfer pricing documentation and requests for technical advice from taxing authorities.
All Other Fees. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, there were no other fees.
Audit Committee Pre-Approval Policies and Procedures
We have adopted pre-approval policies and procedures under which all audit and non-audit services provided by our external auditors must be pre-approved by the Audit Committee as set forth in the Audit Committees charter. Any service proposals submitted by external auditors need to be discussed and approved by the Audit Committee during its meetings, which take place at least four times a year. Once the proposed service is approved, we or our subsidiaries formalize the engagement of services. The approval of any audit and non-audit services to be provided by our external auditors is specified in the minutes of our Audit Committee. In addition, the members of our Audit Committee are briefed on matters discussed by the different committees of our board of directors.
Item 16D. Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees
Not applicable.
Item 16E. Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
We did not directly purchase any of our equity securities in 2012. The following table presents purchases by trusts that FEMSA administers in connection with our bonus incentive plans, which purchases may be deemed to be purchases by an affiliated purchaser of us. See Item 6. Directors, Senior Management and EmployeesEVA-Based Bonus Program.
Purchases of Equity Securities
Period |
Total Number of Series L shares Purchased by trusts that FEMSA administers in connection with our bonus incentive plans |
Average Price Paid per Series L Share |
Total Number of Shares Purchased as part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs |
Maximum Number (or Appropriate U.S. Dollar Value) of Shares (or Units) that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs |
||||||||||||
March 2012(1) |
768,281 | Ps. 120.77 | | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
768,281 | Ps. 120.77 | (2) | | | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | March 2012 was the only month in which we repurchased equity securities during the year ended December 31, 2012. This plan expired on March 31, 2012. |
(2) | We paid a total of Ps. 92,790.78. |
Item 16F. Change in Registrants Certifying Accountant
Not applicable.
108
Item 16G. Corporate Governance
Pursuant to Rule 303A.11 of the Listed Company Manual of the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), we are required to provide a summary of the significant ways in which our corporate governance practices differ from those required for U.S. companies under the NYSE listing standards. We are a Mexican corporation with shares listed on the Mexican Stock Exchange. Our corporate governance practices are governed by our bylaws, the Mexican Securities Market Law and the regulations issued by the CNBV. We also disclose the extent to which we comply with the Código de Mejores Prácticas Corporativas (Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices), which was created by a group of Mexican business leaders and was endorsed by the BMV.
The table below discloses the significant differences between our corporate governance practices and the NYSE standards.
NYSE Standards |
Our Corporate Governance Practices | |
Directors Independence: A majority of the board of directors must be independent. There is an exemption for controlled companies (companies in which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company rather than the public), which would include our company if we were a U.S. issuer. | Directors Independence: Pursuant to the Mexican Securities Market Law, we are required to have a board of directors with a maximum of 21 members, 25% of whom must be independent.
The Mexican Securities Market Law sets forth, in article 26, the definition of independence, which differs from the one set forth in Section 303A.02 of the Listed Company Manual of the NYSE. Generally, under the Mexican Securities Market Law, a director is not independent if such director: (i) is an employee or a relevant officer of the company or its subsidiaries; (ii) is an individual with significant influence over the company or its subsidiaries; (iii) is a shareholder or participant of the controlling group of the company; (iv) is a client, supplier, debtor, creditor, partner or employee of an important client, supplier, debtor or creditor of the company; or (v) is a family member of any of the aforementioned persons.
In accordance with the Mexican Securities Market Law, our shareholders are required to make a determination as to the independence of our directors at an ordinary meeting of our shareholders, though the CNBV may challenge that determination. Our board of directors is not required to make a determination as to the independence of our directors. | |
Executive sessions: Non-management directors must meet at regularly scheduled executive sessions without management. | Executive sessions: Under our bylaws and applicable Mexican law, our non-management and independent directors are not required to meet in executive sessions.
Our bylaws state that the board of directors will meet at least four times a year, following the end of each quarter, to discuss our operating results and progress in achieving strategic objectives. Our board of directors can also hold extraordinary meetings. |
109
NYSE Standards |
Our Corporate Governance Practices | |
Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee: A nominating/corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors is required. As a controlled company, we would be exempt from this requirement if we were a U.S. issuer. | Nominating/Corporate Governance Committee: We are not required to have a nominating committee, and the Mexican Code of Best Corporate Practices does not provide for a nominating committee.
However, Mexican law requires us to have a Corporate Practices Committee. Our Corporate Practices Committee is composed of three members, and as required by the Mexican Securities Market Law and our bylaws, the three members are independent. | |
Compensation committee: A compensation committee composed entirely of independent directors is required. As a controlled company, we would be exempt from this requirement if we were a U.S. issuer. | Compensation committee: We do not have a committee that exclusively oversees compensation issues. Our Corporate Practices Committee, composed entirely of independent directors, reviews and recommends management compensation programs in order to ensure that they are aligned with shareholders interests and corporate performance. | |
Audit committee: Listed companies must have an audit committee satisfying the independence and other requirements of Rule 10A-3 under the Exchange Act and the NYSE independence standards. | Audit committee: We have an Audit Committee of five members. Each member of the Audit Committee is an independent director, as required by the Mexican Securities Market Law. | |
Equity compensation plan: Equity compensation plans require shareholder approval, subject to limited exemptions. | Equity compensation plan: Shareholder approval is not required under Mexican law or our bylaws for the adoption and amendment of an equity compensation plan. Such plans should provide for general application to all executives. | |
Code of business conduct and ethics: Corporate governance guidelines and a code of conduct and ethics are required, with disclosure of any waiver for directors or executive officers. | Code of business conduct and ethics: We have adopted a code of ethics, within the meaning of Item 16B of SEC Form 20-F. Our code of ethics applies to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer and persons performing similar functions as well as to our directors and other officers and employees. Our code of ethics is available on our website at www.coca-colafemsa.com. If we amend the provisions of our code of ethics that apply to our chief executive officer, chief financial officer and persons performing similar functions, or if we grant any waiver of such provisions, we will disclose such amendment or waiver on our website at the same address. |
Item 16H. Mine Safety Disclosure
Not applicable.
Not applicable.
Reference is made to Item 19(a) for a list of all financial statements filed as part of this annual report.
110
(a) List of Financial Statements | Page | |||
Report of Mancera S.C., A Member Practice of Ernst & Young Global |
F-1 | |||
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011 |
F-2 | |||
Consolidated Income Statements For the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 |
F-3 | |||
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income For the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 |
F-4 | |||
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity For the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 |
F-5 | |||
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 |
F-6 | |||
Notes to the Audited Consolidated Financial Statements* |
F-7 |
* | All supplementary schedules relating to the registrant are omitted because they are not required or because the required information, where material, is contained in the Financial Statements or Notes thereto. |
(b) | List of Exhibits |
Exhibit No: |
Description | |
Exhibit 1.1 |
Amended and restated bylaws (Estatutos Sociales) of Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., approved February 16, 2012 (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 25, 2012 (File No. 1-2260)). | |
Exhibit 2.1 |
Deposit Agreement, dated as of September 1, 1993, among Coca-Cola FEMSA, the Bank of New York, as Depositary, and Holders and Beneficial Owners of American Depository Receipts (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.5 to the Registration Statement of FEMSA on Form F-4 filed on April 9, 1998 (File No. 333-8618)). | |
Exhibit 2.2 |
Indenture dated as of February 5, 2010 among Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., and The Bank of New York Mellon (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 10, 2010 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 2.3 |
First Supplemental Indenture dated as of February 5, 2010 among Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., and The Bank of New York Mellon and the Bank of New York Mellon (Luxembourg) S.A. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 10, 2010 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 2.4 |
Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of April 1, 2011 among Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., Propimex, S. de R.L. de C.V. (formerly Propimex, S.A. de C.V., as Guarantor, and The Bank of New York Mellon (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.4 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 17, 2011 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.1 |
Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement dated as of July 6, 2002, by and among CIBSA, Emprex, The Coca-Cola Company and Inmex, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.13 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 27, 2003 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.2 |
Amendment, dated May 6, 2003, to the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement, dated as of July 6, 2002, among CIBSA, Emprex, The Coca-Cola Company, Inmex, Atlantic Industries, Dulux CBAI 2003 B.V. and Dulux CBEXINMX 2003 B.V. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.14 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 27, 2003 (File No. 1-12260)). |
111
Exhibit No: |
Description | |
Exhibit 4.3 |
Second Amendment, dated as of February 1, 2010, to the to the Amended and Restated Shareholders Agreement, dated as of July 6, 2002, by and among CIBSA, Emprex, The Coca-Cola Company, Inmex and Dulux CBAI 2003 B.V. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 10, 2010 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.4 |
Amended and Restated Bottler Agreement, dated June 21, 2003, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in the valley of Mexico (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.5 |
Supplemental Agreement, dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in the valley of Mexico (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed on August 13, 1993 (File No. 333-67380)). | |
Exhibit 4.6 |
Amended and Restated Bottler Agreement, dated June 21, 2003, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in the southeast of Mexico (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.5 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 5, 2004 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.7 |
Supplemental Agreement, dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in the southeast of Mexico (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed on August 13, 1993 (File No. 333-67380)). | |
Exhibit 4.8 |
Bottler Agreement and Side Letter dated June 1, 2005, between Panamco Golfo, S.A. de C.V. and The CocaCola Company with respect to operations in Golfo, Mexico (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 18, 2006 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.9 |
Bottler Agreement and Side Letter dated June 1, 2005, between Panamco Bajio, S.A. de C.V., and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in Bajio, Mexico (English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on April 18, 2006 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.10 |
Bottler Agreement, dated August 22, 1994, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in Argentina (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 1995 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.11 |
Supplemental Agreement, dated August 22, 1994, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in Argentina (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 30, 1995 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.12 |
Amendments, dated May 17 and July 20, 1995, to Bottler Agreement and Letter of Agreement, dated August 22, 1994, each with respect to operations in Argentina, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.13 |
Bottler Agreement, dated December 1, 1995, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in SIRSA (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)). |
112
Exhibit No: |
Description | |
Exhibit 4.14 |
Supplemental Agreement, dated December 1, 1995, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in SIRSA (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.15 |
Amendment, dated February 1, 1996, to Bottler Agreement between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company with respect to operations in SIRSA, dated December 1, 1995 (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 28, 1996 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.16 |
Amendment, dated May 22, 1998, to Bottler Agreement with respect to the former SIRSA territory, dated December 1, 1995, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.12 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 20, 2001 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.17 |
Coca-Cola Tradename License Agreement dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and The Coca-Cola Company (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to FEMSAs Registration Statement on Form F-4 filed on April 9, 1998 (File No. 333-8618)). | |
Exhibit 4.18 |
Amendment to the Trademark License Agreement, dated December 1, 2002, entered by and among Administración de Marcas S.A. de C.V., as proprietor, and The Coca-Cola Export Corporation Mexico branch, as licensee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 of Panamcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)). | |
Exhibit 4.19 |
Trademark Sub-License Agreement, dated January 4, 2003, entered by and among Panamco Golfo S.A. de C.V., as licensor, and The Coca-Cola Company, as licensee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 of Panamcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)). | |
Exhibit 4.20 |
Trademark Sub-License Agreement, dated January 4, 2003, entered by and among Panamco Bajio S.A. de C.V., as licensor, and The Coca-Cola Company, as licensee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 of Panamcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)). | |
Exhibit 4.21 |
Supply Agreement dated June 21, 1993, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Empaques, (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Registration Statement on Form F-1 filed on August 13, 1993 (File No. 333-67380)). | |
Exhibit 4.22 |
Supply Agreement dated April 3, 1998, between ALPLA Fábrica de Plásticos, S.A. de C.V. and Industria Embotelladora de México, S.A. de C.V. (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.18 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on July 1, 2002 (File No. 1-12260)).* | |
Exhibit 4.23 |
Services Agreement, dated November 7, 2000, between Coca-Cola FEMSA and FEMSA Logística (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.15 to Coca-Cola FEMSAs Annual Report on Form 20-F filed on June 20, 2001 (File No. 1-12260)). | |
Exhibit 4.24 |
Promotion and Non-Compete Agreement, dated March 11, 2003, entered by and among The Coca-Cola Export Corporation Mexico branch and Panamco Bajio S.A. de C.V. (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 of Panamcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)). |
113
Exhibit No: |
Description | |
Exhibit 4.25 |
Promotion and Non-Compete Agreement, dated March 11, 2003, entered by and among The Coca-Cola Export Corporation Mexico branch and Panamco Golfo S.A. de C.V. (with English translation) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 of Panamcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)). | |
Exhibit 4.26 |
Memorandum of Understanding, dated as of March 11, 2003, by and among Panamco, as seller, and The Coca-Cola Company, as buyer (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 of Panamcos Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2003 (File No. 1-12290)). | |
Exhibit 4.27 |
Shareholders Agreement dated as of January 25, 2013, by and among CCBPI, Coca-Cola South Asia Holdings, Inc., Coca-Cola Holdings (Overseas) Limited and Controladora de Inversiones en Bebidas Refrescantes, S.L. | |
Exhibit 7.1 |
The Coca-Cola Company memorandum, to Steve Heyer from José Antonio Fernández, dated December 22, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to FEMSAs Registration Statement on Amendment No. 1 to the Form F-3 filed on September 20, 2004 (File No. 333-117795)). | |
Exhibit 7.2 |
Calculation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges. | |
Exhibit 8.1 |
Significant Subsidiaries. | |
Exhibit 12.1 |
CEO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated March 14, 2013. | |
Exhibit 12.2 |
CFO Certification pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated March 14, 2013. | |
Exhibit 13.1 |
Officer Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, dated March 14, 2013. |
* | Portions of Exhibit 4.22 were omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment. Such omitted portions were filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. |
Omitted from the exhibits filed with this annual report are certain instruments and agreements with respect to long-term debt of Coca-Cola FEMSA, none of which authorizes securities in a total amount that exceeds 10% of the total assets of Coca-Cola FEMSA. We hereby agree to furnish to the SEC copies of any such omitted instruments or agreements as the SEC requests.
114
SIGNATURE
The registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this annual report on its behalf.
Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. | ||
By: | /s/ Héctor Treviño Gutiérrez | |
Héctor Treviño Gutiérrez Chief Financial Officer |
Date: March 14, 2013
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V.
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial position of Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011, and the related consolidated income statements, consolidated statements of comprehensive income, consolidated statements of changes in equity and consolidated statements of cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2012. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and its subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2012, in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. and subsidiaries internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control- Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 14, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Mancera, S.C. A member practice of Ernst & Young Global |
/s/ Oscar Aguirre Hernandez |
Oscar Aguirre Hernandez |
Mexico City, Mexico March 14, 2013 |
F-1
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION
At December 31, 2012, 2011 and at January 1, 2011 (Date of transition to IFRS)
Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ($) and in millions of Mexican pesos (Ps.)
Note | December 2012 (*) |
December 2012 |
December 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||||||
ASSETS |
||||||||||||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
5 | $ | 1,791 | Ps. | 23,222 | Ps. | 11,843 | Ps. | 12,142 | |||||||||
Marketable securities |
6 | 1 | 12 | 330 | | |||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
7 | 720 | 9,329 | 8,632 | 6,363 | |||||||||||||
Inventories |
8 | 625 | 8,103 | 7,549 | 5,007 | |||||||||||||
Recoverable taxes |
206 | 2,673 | 2,215 | 2,027 | ||||||||||||||
Other current financial assets |
20 | 117 | 1,523 | 833 | 409 | |||||||||||||
Other current assets |
9 | 81 | 1,035 | 1,322 | 821 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total current assets |
3,541 | 45,897 | 32,724 | 26,769 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Non-current assets: |
||||||||||||||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures |
10 | 413 | 5,352 | 3,656 | 2,108 | |||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
11 | 3,280 | 42,517 | 38,102 | 28,470 | |||||||||||||
Intangible assets, net |
12 | 5,169 | 67,013 | 62,163 | 43,221 | |||||||||||||
Deferred tax assets |
24 | 122 | 1,576 | 1,944 | 1,790 | |||||||||||||
Other non-current financial assets |
20 | 71 | 925 | 845 | 15 | |||||||||||||
Other non-current assets, net |
13 | 218 | 2,823 | 2,304 | 1,954 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total non-current assets |
9,273 | 120,206 | 109,014 | 77,558 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
TOTAL ASSETS |
$ | 12,814 | Ps. | 166,103 | Ps. | 141,738 | Ps. | 104,327 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |
||||||||||||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans and notes payable |
18 | $ | 324 | Ps | 4,194 | Ps | 638 | Ps. | 1,615 | |||||||||
Current portion of non-current debt |
18 | 73 | 945 | 4,902 | 225 | |||||||||||||
Interest payable |
15 | 194 | 206 | 151 | ||||||||||||||
Suppliers |
1,096 | 14,221 | 11,852 | 8,988 | ||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
352 | 4,563 | 3,676 | 3,752 | ||||||||||||||
Taxes payable |
321 | 4,162 | 3,471 | 2,300 | ||||||||||||||
Other current financial liabilities |
20 | 98 | 1,271 | 1,030 | 991 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
2,279 | 29,550 | 25,775 | 18,022 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Non-current liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans and notes payable |
18 | 1,911 | 24,775 | 16,821 | 15,245 | |||||||||||||
Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits |
16 | 169 | 2,188 | 1,367 | 1,156 | |||||||||||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
24 | 76 | 979 | 706 | 321 | |||||||||||||
Other non-current financial liabilities |
20 | 37 | 476 | 717 | 734 | |||||||||||||
Provisions and other non-current liabilities |
25 | 255 | 3,307 | 3,271 | 3,414 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total non-current liabilities |
2,448 | 31,725 | 22,882 | 20,870 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total liabilities |
4,727 | 61,275 | 48,657 | 38,892 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Equity: |
||||||||||||||||||
Capital stock |
22 | 157 | 2,029 | 2,009 | 1,947 | |||||||||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
2,583 | 33,488 | 27,230 | 10,533 | ||||||||||||||
Retained earnings |
4,976 | 64,501 | 56,792 | 50,488 | ||||||||||||||
Cumulative other comprehensive income (loss) |
126 | 1,631 | 3,997 | (93 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent |
7,842 | 101,649 | 90,028 | 62,875 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries |
21 | 245 | 3,179 | 3,053 | 2,560 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total equity |
8,087 | 104,828 | 93,081 | 65,435 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY |
$ | 12,814 | Ps. | 166,103 | Ps. | 141,738 | Ps. | 104,327 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) | Convenience translation to U.S. dollars ($) See Note 2.2.3 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements of financial position.
F-2
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ( $ ) and in millions of Mexican pesos ( Ps.) , except per share amounts
Note | 2012 (*) | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||
Net sales |
$ | 11,332 | Ps. | 146,907 | Ps. | 122,638 | ||||||||
Other operating revenues |
64 | 832 | 586 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total revenues |
11,396 | 147,739 | 123,224 | |||||||||||
Cost of goods sold |
6,102 | 79,109 | 66,693 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Gross profit |
5,294 | 68,630 | 56,531 | |||||||||||
Administrative expenses |
480 | 6,217 | 5,140 | |||||||||||
Selling expenses |
3,103 | 40,223 | 32,093 | |||||||||||
Other income |
19 | 42 | 545 | 685 | ||||||||||
Other expenses |
19 | 115 | 1,497 | 2,060 | ||||||||||
Interest expense |
151 | 1,955 | 1,729 | |||||||||||
Interest income |
33 | 424 | 616 | |||||||||||
Foreign exchange gain, net |
21 | 272 | 61 | |||||||||||
Gain on monetary position for subsidiaries in hyperinflationary economies |
| | 61 | |||||||||||
Market value (gain) loss on financial instruments |
20 | (1 | ) | (13 | ) | 138 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Income before income taxes and share of the profit of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method |
1,542 | 19,992 | 16,794 | |||||||||||
Income taxes |
24 | 484 | 6,274 | 5,667 | ||||||||||
Share of the profit of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method, net of taxes |
10 | 14 | 180 | 86 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Consolidated net income |
$ | 1,072 | Ps. | 13,898 | Ps. | 11,213 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Attributable to: |
||||||||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
$ | 1,028 | Ps. | 13,333 | Ps. | 10,662 | ||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
44 | 565 | 551 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Consolidated net income |
$ | 1,072 | Ps. | 13,898 | Ps. | 11,213 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Net equity holders of the parent (U.S. dollars and Mexican pesos): |
||||||||||||||
Earnings per share |
23 | $ | 0.51 | Ps. | 6.62 | Ps. | 5.72 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) | Convenience translation to U.S. dollars ($) See Note 2.2.3 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated income statements.
F-3
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ( $ ) and in millions of Mexican pesos ( Ps.)
Note | 2012 (*) | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
$ | 1,072 | Ps. | 13,898 | Ps. | 11,213 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Other comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on available-for sale securities, net of taxes |
6 | | (2 | ) | 4 | |||||||||
Valuation of the effective portion of derivative financial instruments, net of taxes |
20 | (16 | ) | (201 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations |
(182 | ) | (2,361 | ) | 4,073 | |||||||||
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability, net of taxes |
16 | (10 | ) | (125 | ) | (6 | ) | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax |
(208 | ) | 2,689 | 4,068 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Consolidated comprehensive income for the year, net of tax |
$ | 864 | Ps. | 11,209 | Ps. | 15,281 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Attributable to: |
||||||||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
$ | 846 | Ps. | 10,967 | Ps. | 14,752 | ||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
18 | 242 | 529 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Consolidated comprehensive income for the year, net of tax |
$ | 864 | Ps. | 11,209 | Ps. | 15,281 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(*) | Convenience translation to U.S. dollars ($) See Note 2.2.3 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements of comprehensive income.
F-4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ( $ ) and in millions of Mexican pesos ( Ps.)
Capital Stock | Additional Paid-in Capital |
Retained Earnings |
Unrealized Gain on Available-for- |
Valuation of the Effective Portion of Derivative Financial Instruments |
Exchange Differences on Translation of Foreign Operations |
Remeasurements of the Net Defined Benefit Liability |
Equity Attributable To Equity Holders of the Parent |
Non- Controlling Interest |
Total Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at January 1, 2011 |
Ps. | 1,947 | Ps. | 10,533 | Ps. | 50,488 | Ps. | | Ps. | 17 | Ps. | | Ps. | (110 | ) | Ps. | 62,875 | Ps. | 2,560 | Ps. | 65,435 | |||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | 10,662 | | | | | 10,662 | 551 | 11,213 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |
| | | 4 | 27 | 4,073 | (14 | ) | 4,090 | (22 | ) | 4,068 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
| 10,662 | 4 | 27 | 4,073 | (14 | ) | 14,752 | 529 | 15,281 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared |
| | (4,358 | ) | | | | | (4,358 | ) | (8 | ) | (4,366 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of Grupo Tampico |
28 | 7,799 | | | | | | 7,827 | | 7,827 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of Grupo CIMSA |
34 | 8,984 | | | | | | 9,018 | | 9,018 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of non-controlling interest |
| (86 | ) | | | | | | (86 | ) | (28 | ) | (114 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Balances at December 31, 2011 |
2,009 | 27,230 | 56,792 | 4 | 44 | 4,073 | (124 | ) | 90,028 | 3,053 | 93,081 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | 13,333 | | 13,333 | 565 | 13,898 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net of tax |
| | | (2 | ) | (179) | (2,054 | ) | (131 | ) | (2,366 | ) | (323 | ) | (2,689 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
| | 13,333 | (2 | ) | (179) | (2,054 | ) | (131 | ) | 10,967 | 242 | 11,209 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends declared |
| | (5,624 | ) | | | | | (5,624 | ) | (109 | ) | (5,733 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of Grupo Fomento Queretano |
20 | 6,258 | | | | | | 6,278 | | 6,278 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition of non-controlling interest |
| | | | | | | | (7 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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Balances at December 31, 2012 |
Ps. | 2,029 | Ps. | 33,488 | Ps. | 64,501 | Ps. | 2 | Ps. | (135) | Ps. | 2,019 | Ps. | (255 | ) | Ps. | 101,649 | Ps. | 3,179 | Ps. | 104,828 | |||||||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
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|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements of changes in equity.
F-5
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ( $ ) and in millions of Mexican pesos ( Ps.)
2012 (*) | 2012 | 2011 | ||||||||||
Cash flows from operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Income before income taxes and share of the profit of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method |
$ | 1,542 | Ps. | 19,992 | Ps. | 16,794 | ||||||
Adjustments to reconcile income before taxes and share of the profit or loss of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method to net cash flows: |
||||||||||||
Non-cash operating expenses |
17 | 218 | (8 | ) | ||||||||
Unrealized gain on marketable securities |
| (2 | ) | (4 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation |
392 | 5,078 | 3,850 | |||||||||
Amortization |
47 | 614 | 369 | |||||||||
(Gain) loss on disposal of long-lived assets |
(8 | ) | (99 | ) | 35 | |||||||
Write-off of long-lived assets |
1 | 14 | 625 | |||||||||
Interest income |
(33 | ) | (424 | ) | (617 | ) | ||||||
Interest expense |
139 | 1,796 | 1,609 | |||||||||
Foreign exchange gain, net |
(21 | ) | (272 | ) | (61 | ) | ||||||
Non-cash movements in post-employment and other non-current employee benefits obligations |
44 | 571 | 118 | |||||||||
Gain on monetary position, net |
| | (61 | ) | ||||||||
Market value loss on financial instruments |
11 | 138 | 1 | |||||||||
(Increase) decrease: |
||||||||||||
Accounts receivable and other current assets |
(119 | ) | (1,545 | ) | (2,272 | ) | ||||||
Other current financial assets |
(94 | ) | (1,218 | ) | (575 | ) | ||||||
Inventories |
(56 | ) | (731 | ) | (1,828 | ) | ||||||
Increase (decrease): |
||||||||||||
Suppliers and other accounts payable |
403 | 5,231 | 850 | |||||||||
Other liabilities |
(27 | ) | (346 | ) | (224 | ) | ||||||
Employee benefits paid |
(7 | ) | (88 | ) | (143 | ) | ||||||
Income taxes paid |
(407 | ) | (5,277 | ) | (4,565 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net cash flows from operating activities |
1,824 | 23,650 | 13,893 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Investing activities: |
||||||||||||
Acquisition of Grupo Tampico, net of cash acquired (Note 4) |
| | (2,414 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisition of Grupo CIMSA, net of cash acquired (Note 4) |
| | (1,912 | ) | ||||||||
Acquisitions of Grupo Fomento Queretano, net of cash acquired (Note 4) |
(86 | ) | (1,114 | ) | | |||||||
Purchase of marketable securities |
| | (326 | ) | ||||||||
Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities |
20 | 273 | | |||||||||
Interest received |
33 | 424 | 639 | |||||||||
Acquisitions of long-lived assets |
(751 | ) | (9,741 | ) | (6,855 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from the sale of long-lived assets |
23 | 293 | 375 | |||||||||
Acquisition of intangible assets |
(18 | ) | (235 | ) | (944 | ) | ||||||
Other non-current assets |
(32 | ) | (420 | ) | (140 | ) | ||||||
Investment in shares |
(37 | ) | (469 | ) | (620 | ) | ||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net cash flows used in investing activities |
(848 | ) | (10,989 | ) | (12,197 | ) | ||||||
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|
|
|||||||
Financing activities: |
||||||||||||
Proceeds from borrowings |
1,267 | 16,429 | 6,934 | |||||||||
Repayment of borrowings |
(653 | ) | (8,464 | ) | (2,733 | ) | ||||||
Interest paid |
(131 | ) | (1,694 | ) | (1,580 | ) | ||||||
Dividends paid |
(442 | ) | (5,734 | ) | (4,366 | ) | ||||||
Acquisition of non-controlling interests |
| (6 | ) | (115 | ) | |||||||
Other financing activities |
(21 | ) | (270 | ) | (1,175 | ) | ||||||
Payments under finance leases |
(15 | ) | (201 | ) | (37 | ) | ||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net cash flows from / (used in) financing activities |
5 | 60 | (3,072 | ) | ||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
981 | 12,721 | (1,376 | ) | ||||||||
Initial balance of cash and cash equivalents |
914 | 11,843 | 12,142 | |||||||||
Effects of exchange rate changes and inflation effects on the balance sheet of cash held in foreign currencies |
(104 | ) | (1,342 | ) | 1,077 | |||||||
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|
|
|
|
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Ending balance of cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 1,791 | Ps. | 23,222 | Ps. | 11,843 | ||||||
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(*) | Convenience translation to U.S. dollars ($) See Note 2.2.3 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements of cash flow.
F-6
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS
As of December 31, 2012, 2011 and as of January 1, 2011 ( Date of transition to IFRS )
Amounts expressed in millions of U.S. dollars ( $ ) and in millions of Mexican pesos ( Ps.)
note 1. Activities of the Company
Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V. (Coca-Cola FEMSA or the Company) is a Mexican corporation, mainly engaged in acquiring, holding and transferring all types of bonds, capital stock, shares and marketable securities.
Coca-Cola FEMSA is indirectly owned by Fomento Economico Mexicano, S.A.B. de C.V. (FEMSA), which holds 48.9% of its capital stock and 63% of its voting shares and The Coca-Cola Company (TCCC), which indirectly owns 28.7% of its capital stock and 37% of its voting shares. The remaining 22.4% of Coca-Cola FEMSAs shares trade on the Bolsa Mexicana de Valores, S.A.B. de C.V. (BMV: KOFL) and the New York Stock Exchange, Inc. (NYSE: KOF). The address of its registered office and principal place of business is Mario Pani No. 100 Col. Santa Fe Cuajimalpa Delegacion Cuajimalpa de Morelos, Mexico D.F. 05348, Mexico.
Coca-Cola FEMSA and its subsidiaries (the Company), as an economic unit, are engaged in the production, distribution and marketing of certain Coca-Cola trademark beverages in Mexico, Central America (Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama), Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil and Argentina.
As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 the most significant subsidiaries over which the Company exercises control are:
Company |
Activity | Country | Ownership percentage 2012 |
Ownership percentage 2011 |
||||||||
Propimex, S. de R.L. de C.V. |
Manufacturing and distribution | Mexico | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||
Controladora Interamericana de Bebidas, S. de R.L. de C.V. |
Holding | Mexico | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||
Spal Industria Brasileira de Bebidas, S.A. |
Manufacturing and distribution | Brazil | 98.25 | % | 97.93 | % | ||||||
Coca-Cola Femsa de Venezuela, S.A. |
Manufacturing and distribution | Venezuela | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % | ||||||
Industria Nacional de Gaseosas, S.A. |
Manufacturing and distribution | Colombia | 100.00 | % | 100.00 | % |
note 2. Basis of Preparation
2.1 Statement of compliance
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). The consolidated financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2012 are the first annual financial statements that comply with IFRS and where IFRS 1, First Time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards, has been applied.
The Companys transition date to IFRS is January 1, 2011 and management prepared the opening balance sheet under IFRS as of that date. For periods up to and including the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company prepared its consolidated financial information under Mexican Financial Reporting Standards (Mexican FRS). The differences in the requirements for recognition, measurement and presentation between IFRS and Mexican FRS were reconciled for purposes of the Companys equity at the date of transition and at December 31, 2011, and for purposes of consolidated comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2011. Reconciliations and explanations of how the transition to IFRS has affected the consolidated financial position, financial performance and cash flows of the Company are provided in Note 27.
The Companys consolidated financial statements and notes were authorized for issuance by the Companys Chief Executive Officer Carlos Salazar Lomelín and Chief Financial and Administrative Officer Héctor Treviño Gutiérrez on February 22, 2013. Those consolidated financial statements and notes were then approved by the Companys Board of Directors on February 26, 2013 and by the Shareholders on March 5, 2013. The accompanying consolidated financial statements are the same as those previously approved, although they have been supplemented for subsidiary guarantor financial statement disclosures presented in Note 29 for United States Securities and Exchange Commission filing purposes. The accompanying consolidated financial statements were approved for issuance in the Companys annual report on Form 20-F by the Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer on March 14, 2013, and subsequent events have been considered through that date (See Note 30).
F-7
2.2 Basis of measurement and presentation
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following:
| Available-for-sale investments |
| Derivative financial instruments |
| Trust assets of post-employment and other non-current employee benefit plans |
The financial statements of subsidiaries whose functional currency is the currency of a hyperinflationary economy are stated in terms of the measuring unit current at the end of the reporting period.
2.2.1 Presentation of consolidated income statement
The Company classifies its costs and expenses by function in the consolidated income statement, in order to conform to the industry practices where the Company operates.
2.2.2 Presentation of consolidated statements of cash flows.
The Companys consolidated statement of cash flows is presented using the indirect method.
2.2.3 Convenience translation to U.S. dollars ($)
The consolidated financial statements are stated in millions of Mexican pesos (Ps.) and rounded to the nearest million unless stated otherwise. However, solely for the convenience of the readers, the consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2012, the consolidated statements of income, the consolidated statement of comprehensive income and consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2012 were converted into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate of 12.9635 pesos per U.S. dollar as published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York as of that date. This arithmetic conversion should not be construed as representations that the amounts expressed in Mexican pesos may be converted into U.S. dollars at that or any other exchange rate.
2.3 Critical accounting judgments and estimates
In the application of the Companys accounting policies, which are described in Note 3, management is required to make judgments, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognized in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
2.3.1 Key sources of estimation uncertainty
The following are the key assumptions concerning the future, and other key sources of estimation uncertainty at the end of the reporting period, that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year. Existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments, however, may change due to market changes or circumstances arising beyond the control of the Company. Such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.
2.3.1.1 Impairment of indefinite lived intangible assets, goodwill and other depreciable long-lived assets
Intangible assets with indefinite lives as well as goodwill are subject to annual impairment tests. An impairment exists when the carrying value of an asset or cash generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. The fair value less costs to sell calculation is based on available data from binding sales transactions in arms length transactions of similar assets or observable market prices less incremental costs for disposing of the asset. In order to determine whether such assets are impaired, the Company initially calculates an estimation of the value in use of the cash-generating units to which such assets have been allocated. The value in use calculation requires management to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise from the cash-generating unit and a suitable discount rate in order to calculate present value. The Company reviews annually the carrying value of our intangible assets with indefinite lives and goodwill for impairment based on recognized valuation techniques. While the Company believes that its estimates are reasonable, different assumptions regarding such estimates could materially affect its evaluations. Impairment losses are recognized in current earnings in the period the related impairment is determined.
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset may be impaired. If any indication exists, or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Company estimates the assets recoverable amount. When the carrying amount of an asset or CGU exceeds its recoverable amount, the asset is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset. In determining fair value less costs to sell, recent market transactions are taken into account, if available. If no such transactions can be identified, an appropriate valuation model is used. These calculations are corroborated by valuation multiples, quoted share prices for publicly traded subsidiaries or other available fair value indicators. The key assumptions used to determine the recoverable amount for the Companys CGUs, including a sensitivity analysis, are further explained in Notes 3.15 and 12.
F-8
2.3.1.2 Useful lives of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets with defined useful lives
Property, plant and equipment, including returnable bottles as they are expected to provide benefits over a period of more than one year, as well as intangible assets with defined useful lives are depreciated/amortized over their estimated useful lives. The Company bases it estimates on the experience of its technical personnel as well as based on its experience in the industry for similar assets, see Notes 3.11, 11 and 12
2.3.1.3 Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits
The Company annually evaluates the reasonableness of the assumptions used in its post-employment and other non-current employee benefit computations. Information about such assumptions is described in Note 16.
2.3.1.4 Income taxes
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. For its Mexican subsidiaries, the Company recognizes deferred income taxes, based on its financial projections depending on whether it expects to incur the regular income tax (ISR) or the business flat tax (IETU) in the future. Additionally, the Company regularly reviews its deferred tax assets for recoverability, and records a deferred tax asset based on its judgment regarding the probability of historical taxable income, projected future taxable income and the expected timing of the reversals of existing temporary differences, see Note 24.
2.3.1.5 Tax, labor and legal contingencies and provisions
The Company is subject to various claims and contingencies related to tax, labor and legal proceedings as described in Note 25. Due to their nature, such legal proceedings involve inherent uncertainties including, but not limited to, court rulings, negotiations between affected parties and governmental actions. Management periodically assesses the probability of loss for such contingencies and accrues a provision and/ or discloses the relevant circumstances, as appropriate. If the potential loss of any claim or legal proceeding is considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated, the Company accrues a provision for the estimated loss.
2.3.1.6 Valuation of financial instruments
The Company is required to measure all derivative financial instruments at fair value.
The fair values of derivative financial instruments are determined considering quoted prices in recognized markets. If such instruments are not traded, fair value is determined by applying techniques based upon technical models supported by sufficient reliable and verifiable data, recognized in the financial sector. The Company bases its forward price curves upon market price quotations. Management believes that the chosen valuation techniques and assumptions used are appropriate in determining the fair value of financial instruments, see Note 20.
2.3.1.7 Business combinations
Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets transferred by the Company, liabilities assumed by the Company to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Company in exchange for control of the acquiree.
At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognized at their fair value, except that:
| deferred tax assets or liabilities, and assets or liabilities related to employee benefit arrangements are recognized and measured in accordance with IAS 12, Income Taxes and IAS 19, Employee Benefits, respectively; |
| liabilities or equity instruments related to share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree or share-based payment arrangements of the Company entered into to replace share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree are measured in accordance with IFRS 2, Share- based Payment at the acquisition date, see Note 3.23; and |
| assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5, Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations are measured in accordance with that Standard. |
Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the Company previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. If, after reassessment, the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree and the fair value of the Company previously held interest in the acquiree (if any), the excess is recognized immediately in profit or loss as a bargain purchase gain.
For each business combination, the Company elects whether it measures the non-controlling interest in the acquiree either at fair value or at the proportionate share of the acquirees identifiable net assets.
F-9
2.3.1.8 Investments in associates
If the Company holds, directly or indirectly, 20 per cent or more of the voting power of the investee, it is presumed that it has significant influence, unless it can be clearly demonstrated that this is not the case. If the Company holds, directly or indirectly, less than 20 per cent of the voting power of the investee, it is presumed that the Company does not have significant influence, unless such influence can be clearly demonstrated. Decisions regarding the propriety of utilizing the equity method of accounting for a less than 20 per cent-owned corporate investee requires a careful evaluation of voting rights and their impact on the Companys ability to exercise significant influence. Management considers the existence of the following circumstances, which may indicate that the Company is in a position to exercise significant influence over a less than 20 per cent-owned corporate investee:
| representation on the board of directors or equivalent governing body of the investee; |
| participation in policy-making processes, including participation in decisions about dividends or other distributions; |
| material transactions between the Company and the investee; |
| interchange of managerial personnel; or |
| provision of essential technical information. |
Management also considers the existence and effect of potential voting rights that are currently exercisable or currently convertible should also be considered when assessing whether the Company has significant influence.
In addition, the Company evaluates the indicators that provide evidence of significant influence:
| the Companys extent of ownership is significant relative to other shareholdings (i.e. a lack of concentration of other shareholders); |
| the Companys significant shareholders, its parent, fellow subsidiaries, or officers of the Company, hold additional investment in the investee; and |
| the Company is a part of significant investee committees, such as the executive committee or the finance committee. |
note 3. Significant Accounting Policies
3.1 Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of Coca-Cola FEMSA and subsidiaries controlled by the Company. Control is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.
Subsidiaries are fully consolidated from the date of acquisition, being the date on which the Company obtains control, and continue to be consolidated until the date when such control ceases. Total consolidated net income and comprehensive income of subsidiaries is attributed to the controlling interest and to non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.
When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies in line with those used by the Company.
All intercompany transactions, balances, income and expenses have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.
Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements lists significant subsidiaries that are controlled by the Company as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.
3.1.1 Acquisitions of non-controlling interests
Acquisitions of non-controlling interests are accounted for as transactions with owners in their capacity as owners and therefore no goodwill is recognized as a result. Adjustments to non-controlling interests arising from transactions that do not involve the loss of control are measured at carrying amount and reflected in equity, as part of additional paid in capital.
3.1.2 Loss of control
Upon the loss of control, the Company derecognizes the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary, any non-controlling interests and the other components of equity related to the subsidiary. Any surplus or deficit arising on the loss of control is recognized in consolidated net income. If the Company retains any interest in the previous subsidiary, then such interest is measured at fair value at the date that control is lost. Subsequently it is accounted for as an equity method or as a financial asset depending on the level of influence retained.
F-10
3.2 Business combinations
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method at the acquisition date, which is the date on which control is transferred to the Company. In assessing control, the Company takes into consideration potential voting rights that are currently exercisable.
The Company measures goodwill at the acquisition date as the fair value of the consideration transferred plus the fair value of any previously-held equity interest in the acquiree and the recognized amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree (if any), less the net recognized amount of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. If after reassessment, the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is recognized in consolidated net income at the time of the acquisition.
Costs related to the acquisition, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, that the Company incurs in connection with a business combination are expensed as incurred.
Any contingent consideration payable is recognized at fair value at the acquisition date. If the contingent consideration is classified as equity, it is not remeasured and settlement is accounted for within equity. Otherwise, if after reassessment subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent considerations are recognized in consolidated net income.
If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, the Company reports provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete, and discloses that its allocation is preliminary in nature. Those provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement period (not greater than 12 months), or additional assets or liabilities are recognised, to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the amounts recognised at that date.
3.3 Foreign currencies and consolidation of foreign subsidiaries, investments in associates and joint ventures
In preparing the financial statements of each individual subsidiary, investment in associates and joint venture, transactions in currencies other than the individual entitys functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognized at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not remeasured.
Exchange differences on monetary items are recognized in profit or loss in the period in which they arise except for:
| The variations in the net investment in foreign subsidiaries generated by exchange rate fluctuation are included in the cumulative translation adjustment, which is recorded in equity as part of the cumulative translation adjustment within the cumulative other comprehensive income. |
| Intercompany financing balances with foreign subsidiaries that are considered as non-current investments, since there is no plan to pay such financing in the foreseeable future. Monetary position and exchange rate fluctuation regarding this financing is included in the cumulative translation adjustment, which is recorded in equity as part of the cumulative translation adjustment within the cumulative other comprehensive income. |
| Exchange differences on transactions entered into in order to hedge certain foreign currency risks. |
For incorporation into the Companys consolidated financial statements, each foreign subsidiary, associates or joint ventures individual financial statements are translated into Mexican pesos, as described as follows:
| For hyperinflationary economic environments, the inflation effects of the origin country are recognized, and subsequently translated into Mexican pesos using the year-end exchange rate for the consolidated statements of financial position and consolidated income statement and comprehensive income; and |
| For non-inflationary economic environments, assets and liabilities are translated into Mexican pesos using the year-end exchange rate, equity is translated into Mexican pesos using the historical exchange rate, and the income statement and comprehensive income is translated using the exchange rate at the date of each transaction. The Company uses the average exchange rate of each month only if the exchange rate does not fluctuate significantly. |
Exchange Rates of Local Currencies Translated to Mexican Pesos | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Exchange Rate as of | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Average Exchange Rate for | December 31, | December 31, | January 1, | |||||||||||||||||||
Country or Zone |
Functional / Currency |
2012 | 2011 | 2012 | de 2011 | 2011 (1) | ||||||||||||||||
Mexico |
Mexican peso |
Ps. | 1.00 | Ps | 1.00 | Ps. | 1.00 | Ps. | 1.00 | Ps.1.00 | ||||||||||||
Guatemala |
Quetzal |
1.68 | 1.59 | 1.65 | 1.79 | 1.54 | ||||||||||||||||
Costa Rica |
Colon |
0.03 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.02 | ||||||||||||||||
Panama |
U.S. dollar |
13.17 | 12.43 | 13.01 | 13.98 | 12.36 | ||||||||||||||||
Colombia |
Colombian peso |
0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||||||||||||||
Nicaragua |
Cordoba |
0.56 | 0.55 | 0.54 | 0.61 | 0.56 | ||||||||||||||||
Argentina |
Argentine peso |
2.90 | 3.01 | 2.65 | 3.25 | 3.11 | ||||||||||||||||
Venezuela |
Bolivar |
3.06 | 2.89 | 3.03 | 3.25 | 2. 87 | ||||||||||||||||
Brazil |
Reais |
6.76 | 7.42 | 6.37 | 7.45 | 7.42 |
(1) | December 31, 2010 exchange rates used for conversion of financial information as of the opening balance sheet on January 1, 2011. |
F-11
The Company has operated under exchange controls in Venezuela since 2003 that affect its ability to remit dividends abroad or make payments other than in local currencies and that may increase the real price of raw materials purchased in local currency. In January 2010, the Venezuelan government announced a devaluation of its official exchange rate to 4.30 bolivars to one U.S. dollar.
The translation of the financial statements of the Companys Venezuelan subsidiary is performed using the exchange rate of 4.30 Bolivars per U.S. dollar (See also Note 30).
On the disposal of a foreign operation (i.e. a disposal of the Companys entire interest in a foreign operation, or a disposal involving loss of control over a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation, a disposal involving loss of significant influence over an associate that includes a foreign operation), all of the exchange differences accumulated in other comprehensive income in respect of that operation attributable to the owners of the Company are recognized in the consolidated income statement.
In addition, in relation to a partial disposal of a subsidiary that does not result in the Company losing control over the subsidiary, the proportionate share of accumulated exchange differences are re-attributed to non-controlling interests and are not recognized in profit or loss.
Goodwill and fair value adjustments on identifiable assets and liabilities acquired arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign operation and translated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Foreign exchange differences arising are recognized in equity as part of the cumulative translation adjustment.
The translation of assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies into Mexican pesos is for consolidation purposes and does not indicate that the Company could realize or settle the reported value of those assets and liabilities in Mexican pesos. Additionally, this does not indicate that the Company could return or distribute the reported Mexican peso value equity to its shareholders.
3.4 Recognition of the effects of inflation in countries with hyperinflationary economic environments
The Company recognizes the effects of inflation on the financial information of its Venezuelan subsidiary that operates in hyperinflationary economic environments (when cumulative inflation of the three preceding years is approaching, or exceeds, 100% or more in addition to other qualitative factors), which consists of:
| Using inflation factors to restate non-monetary assets, such as inventories, property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, including related costs and expenses when such assets are consumed or depreciated. |
| Applying the appropriate inflation factors to restate capital stock, additional paid-in capital, net income, retained earnings and items of other comprehensive income by the necessary amount to maintain the purchasing power equivalent in the currency of the corresponding hyperinflationary country on the dates such capital was contributed or income was generated up to the date of these consolidated financial statements are presented; and |
| Including the monetary position gain or loss in consolidated net income. |
The Company restates the financial information of its subsidiaries that operate in hyperinflationary economic environments using the consumer price index of each country.
As of December 31, 2012, 2011, and January 1, 2011, the operations of the Company are classified as follows:
Country |
Cumulative Inflation 2010-2012 |
Type of Economy | Cumulative Inflation 2009-2011 |
Type of Economy | Cumulative Inflation 2008-2010 |
Type of Economy | ||||||||||||||||||
Mexico |
12.3 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 12.3 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 15.2 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | |||||||||||||||
Guatemala |
15.8 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 11.6 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 15.0 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | |||||||||||||||
Costa Rica |
15.9 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 15.3 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 25.4 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | |||||||||||||||
Panama |
16.7 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 13.7 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 14.1 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | |||||||||||||||
Colombia |
9.6 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 9.1 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 13.3 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | |||||||||||||||
Nicaragua |
25.7 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 18.6 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 25.4 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | |||||||||||||||
Argentina |
34.6 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 30.8 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 28.1 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | |||||||||||||||
Venezuela |
94.8 | % | Hyperinflationary | 102.9 | % | Hyperinflationary | 108.2 | % | Hyperinflationary | |||||||||||||||
Brazil |
19.4 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 17.4 | % | Non-hyperinflationary | 17.4 | % | Non-hyperinflationary |
While the Venezuelan economys cumulative inflation rate for the period 2010-2012 was less than 100%, it was approaching 100%, and qualitative factors support its continued classification as a hyper-inflationary economy.
3.5 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash is measured at nominal value and consists of non-interest bearing bank deposits. Cash equivalents consist principally of short-term bank deposits and fixed rate investments, both with maturities of three months or less at the acquisition date and are recorded at acquisition cost plus interest income not yet received, which is similar to market prices.
The Company also maintains restricted cash held as collateral to meet certain contractual obligations (see Note 20). Restricted cash is presented within other current financial assets given that the restrictions are short-term in nature.
3.6 Financial assets.
Financial assets are classified into the following specified categories: fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), held-to-maturity investments, available-for-sale and loans and receivables. The classification depends on the nature and purpose of holding the financial assets and is determined at the time of initial recognition.
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When a financial asset or financial liability is recognized initially, the Company measures it at its fair value plus, in the case of a financial asset or financial liability not at fair value through profit or loss, transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of the financial asset or financial liability.
The Companys financial assets include cash and cash equivalents, marketable securities, loans and receivables, derivative financial instruments and other financial assets.
3.6.1 Effective interest rate method
The effective interest rate method is a method of calculating the amortized cost of loans and receivables and other financial assets (designated as held to maturity) and of allocating interest income/expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees on points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) through the expected life of the financial asset, or (where appropriate) a shorter period, to the net carrying amount on initial recognition.
3.6.2 Marketable securities
Marketable securities consist of debt securities and bank deposits with maturities of more than three months at the acquisition date. Management determines the appropriate classification of investments at the time of purchase and assesses such designation as of each reporting date, see Note 6.
3.6.2.1 Available-for-sale marketable securities are carried at fair value, with the unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported in other comprehensive income. Interest and dividends on investments classified as available-for-sale are included in interest income. The fair values of the investments are readily available based on quoted market prices. The exchange effects of securities available for sale are recognized in the consolidated income statement in the period in which they arise.
3.6.2.2 Held-to maturity marketable securities are those that the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity, and are carried at acquisition cost which includes any cost of purchase and premium or discount related to the investment which is amortized over the life of the investment based on its outstanding balance utilizing the effective interest method less any impairment. Interest and dividends on investments classified as held-to maturity are included in interest income. As of December 31, 2012, December 31, 2011 and January 1, 2011 there were no investments classified as held to maturity.
3.6.3 Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial instruments with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. Loans and receivables with a relevant period (including trade and other receivables) are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.
Interest income is recognized by applying the effective interest rate, except for short-term receivables when the recognition of interest would be immaterial. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 the interest income recognized in the interest income line item within the consolidated statements of income is Ps. 58 and Ps. 40, respectively.
3.6.4 Other financial assets
Other financial assets are non current accounts receivable and derivative financial instruments. Other financial assets with a relevant period are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.
3.6.5 Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets, other than those at FVTPL, are assessed for indicators of impairment at the end of each reporting period. Financial assets are considered to be impaired when there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, (an incurred loss event) and that loss event has an impact on the estimated future cash flows of the financial assets that can be reliably estimated.
Evidence of impairment may include indicators as follows:
| Significant financial difficulty of the issuer or counterparty; or |
| Default or delinquent in interest or principal payments; or |
| It becoming probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or financial re-organization; or |
| The disappearance of an active market for that financial asset because of financial difficulties. |
For financial assets carried at amortized cost, the amount of the impairment loss recognized is the difference between the assets carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the financial assets original effective interest rate.
The carrying amount of the financial asset is reduced by the impairment loss directly for all financial assets with the exception of trade receivables, where the carrying amount is reduced through the use of an allowance for doubtful accounts. When a trade receivable is considered uncollectible, it is written off against the allowance account. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against the allowance account. Changes in the carrying amount of the allowance account are recognized in consolidated net income.
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3.6.6 Derecognition
A financial asset (or, where applicable, a part of a financial asset or part of a group of similar financial assets) is derecognized when:
| The rights to receive cash flows from the financial asset have expired, or |
| The Company has transferred its rights to receive cash flows from the asset or has assumed an obligation to pay the received cash flows in full without material delay to a third party under a pass-through arrangement; and either (a) the Company has transferred substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) the Company has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has transferred control of the asset. |
3.6.7 Offsetting of financial instruments
Financial assets are required to be offset against financial liabilities and the net amount reported in the consolidated statement of financial position if, and only when the Company:
| Currently has an enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts, and |
| Intends to settle on a net basis, or to realize the assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously. |
3.7 Derivative financial instruments
The Company is exposed to different risks related to cash flows, liquidity, market and third party credit. As a result, the Company contracts different derivative financial instruments in order to reduce its exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations between the Mexican peso and other currencies, and interest rate fluctuations associated with its borrowings denominated in foreign currencies and the exposure to the risk of fluctuation in the costs of certain raw materials.
The Company values and records all derivative financial instruments and hedging activities, in the consolidated statement of financial position as either an asset or liability measured at fair value, considering quoted prices in recognized markets. If such instruments are not traded in a formal market, fair value is determined by applying techniques based upon technical models supported by sufficient, reliable and verifiable market data, recognized in the financial sector. Changes in the fair value of derivative financial instruments are recorded each year in current earnings or as a component of cumulative other comprehensive income based on the item being hedged and the effectiveness of the hedge.
3.7.1 Hedge accounting
The Company designates certain hedging instruments, which include derivatives in respect of foreign currency risk, as either fair value hedges or cash flow hedges. Hedges of foreign exchange risk on firm commitments are accounted for as cash flow hedges.
At the inception of the hedge relationship, the Company documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, along with its risk management objectives and its strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. Furthermore, at the inception of the hedge and on an ongoing basis, the Company documents whether the hedging instrument is highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk.
3.7.2 Cash flow hedges
The effective portion of changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges is recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated under the heading valuation of the effective portion of derivative financial instruments. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognized immediately in consolidated net income, and is included in the market value (gain) loss on financial instruments line item within the consolidated statements of income.
Amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity are reclassified to consolidated net income in the periods when the hedged item is recognized in consolidated net income, in the same line of the consolidated statement of income as the recognized hedged item. However, when the hedged forecast transaction results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or a non-financial liability, the gains and losses previously recognized in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity are transferred from equity and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the non-financial asset or non-financial liability.
Hedge accounting is discontinued when the Company revokes the hedging relationship, when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or when it no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. Any gain or loss recognized in cumulative other comprehensive income in equity at that time remains in equity and is recognized when the forecast transaction is ultimately recognized in consolidated net income. When a forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the gain or loss accumulated in equity is recognized immediately in consolidated net income.
3.8 Inventories and cost of goods sold
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories less all estimated costs of completion and costs necessary to make the sale.
Inventories represent the acquisition or production cost which is incurred when purchasing or producing a product, and are based on the weighted average cost formula.
Cost of goods sold is based on average cost of the inventories at the time of sale. Cost of goods sold includes expenses related to the purchase of raw materials used in the production process, as well as labor costs (wages and other benefits), depreciation of production facilities, equipment and other costs, including fuel, electricity, equipment maintenance, inspection and plant transfer costs.
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3.9 Other current assets
Other current assets, which will be realized within a period of less than one year from the reporting date, are comprised of prepaid assets and agreements with customers.
Prepaid assets principally consist of advances to suppliers of raw materials, advertising, promotional, leasing and insurance expenses, and are recognized as other assets at the time of the cash disbursement, and are unrecognized in the consolidated statement of financial position or consolidated income statement caption when the risks and rewards of the related goods have been transferred to the Company or services have been received, respectively.
The Company has prepaid advertising costs which consist of television and radio advertising airtime paid in advance. These expenses are generally amortized over the period based on the transmission of the television and radio spots. The related production costs are recognized in consolidated net income as incurred.
The Company has agreements with customers for the right to sell and promote the Companys products over a certain period. The majority of these agreements have terms of more than one year, and the related costs are amortized using the straight-line method over the term of the contract, with amortization presented as a reduction of net sales. During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, such amortization aggregated to Ps. 970 and Ps. 793, respectively. The costs of agreements with terms of less than one year recorded as a reduction in net sales when incurred.
3.10 Investments in associates and joint ventures
Investments in associates are those entities in which the Company has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee, but not control, over the financial and operating policies.
Investment in associate is accounted for using the equity method and initial recognition comprises the investments purchase price and any directly attributable expenditure necessary to acquire it.
The consolidated financial statements include the Companys share of the consolidated net income and other comprehensive income, after adjustments to align the accounting policies with those of the Company, from the date that significant influence commences until the date that significant influence ceases.
When the Companys share of losses exceeds the carrying amount of the associate, including any non-current investments, the carrying amount is reduced to nil and recognition of further losses is discontinued except to the extent that the Company has a legal or constructive obligation or has made payments on behalf of the associate.
Goodwill identified at the acquisition date is presented as part of the investment in shares of the associate in the consolidated statement of financial position. Any goodwill arising on the acquisition of the Companys interest in associate is accounted for in accordance with the Companys accounting policy for goodwill arising in a business combination, see Note 3.2.
After application of the equity method, the Company determines whether it is necessary to recognize an additional impairment loss on its investment in its associate. For investments in shares, the Company determines at each reporting date whether there is any objective evidence that the investment in shares is impaired. If this is the case, the Company calculates the amount of impairment as the difference between the recoverable amount of the associate and its carrying value and recognizes the amount in the share of the profit or loss of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method in the consolidated statements of income.
3.10.1 Interest in joint ventures
The Company has interests in joint ventures whose are jointly controlled entities, whereby the venturers have a contractual arrangement that establishes joint control over the economic activities of the entity. The arrangement requires unanimous agreement for financial and operating decisions among the venturers.
The Company recognizes its interest in the joint ventures using the equity method.
The financial statements of the joint ventures are prepared for the same reporting period as the Company. Adjustments are made where necessary to bring the accounting policies in line with those of the Company.
3.11 Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are initially recorded at their cost of acquisition and/or construction and are presented net of accumulated depreciation and/or accumulated impairment losses, if any. The borrowing costs related to the acquisition or construction of qualifying asset is capitalized as part of the cost of that asset.
Major maintenance costs are capitalized as part of total acquisition cost. Routine maintenance and repair costs are expensed as incurred.
Investments in progress consist of long-lived assets not yet in service, in other words, that are not yet used for the purpose that they were bought, built or developed. The Company expects to complete those investments during the following 12 months.
Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over acquisition cost. Where an item of property, plant and equipment comprises major components having different useful lives, they are accounted and depreciated for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. The Company estimates depreciation rates, considering the estimated useful lives of the assets.
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The estimated useful lives of the Companys principal assets are as follows:
Years | ||
Buildings |
40 50 | |
Machinery and equipment |
10 20 | |
Distribution equipment |
7 15 | |
Refrigeration equipment |
5 7 | |
Returnable bottles |
1.5 4 | |
Other equipment |
3 10 |
The estimated useful lives, residual values and depreciation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate accounted for on a prospective basis.
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognized upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Any gain or loss arising on the disposal or retirement of an item of property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the sales proceeds (if any) and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognized in consolidated net income.
Returnable and non-returnable bottles:
The Company has two types of bottles: returnable and non-returnable.
| Non returnable: Are recorded in consolidated net income at the time of product sale. |
| Returnable: Are classified as long-lived assets as a component of property, plant and equipment. Returnable bottles are recorded at acquisition cost; for countries with hyperinflationary economies, restated according to IAS 29. Depreciation of returnable bottles is computed using the straight-line method considering their estimated useful lives. |
There are two types of returnable bottles:
| Those that are in the Companys control within its facilities, plants and distribution centers; and |
| Those that have been placed in the hands of customers, but still belong to the Company. |
Returnable bottles that have been placed in the hands of customers are subject to an agreement with a retailer pursuant to which the Company retains ownership. These bottles are monitored by sales personnel during periodic visits to retailers and the Company has the right to charge any breakage identified to the retailer. Bottles that are not subject to such agreements are expensed when placed in the hands of retailers.
The Companys returnable bottles in the market and for which a deposit from customers has been received are depreciated according to their estimated useful lives.
3.12 Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale. Borrowing costs may include:
| interest expense; |
| finance charges in respect of finance leases; and |
| exchange differences arising from foreign currency borrowings to the extent that they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs. |
Interest income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalization.
All other borrowing costs are recognized in consolidated net income in the period in which they are incurred.
3.13 Intangible assets
Intangible assets are identifiable non monetary assets without physical substance and represent payments whose benefits will be received in future years. Intangible assets acquired separately are measured on initial recognition at cost. The cost of intangible assets acquired in a business combination is their fair value as at the date of acquisition. Following initial recognition, intangible assets are carried at cost less any accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment losses. The useful lives of intangible assets are assessed as either finite or indefinite, in accordance with the period over which the Company expects to receive the benefits.
Intangible assets with finite useful lives are amortized and mainly consist of information technology and management system costs incurred during the development stage which are currently in use. Such amounts are capitalized and then amortized using the straight-line method over their expected useful lives. Expenses that do not fulfill the requirements for capitalization are expensed as incurred.
Amortized intangible assets, such as finite lived intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable through its expected future cash flows.
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Intangible assets with an indefinite life are not amortized and are subject to impairment tests on an annual basis as well as whenever certain circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of those intangible assets exceeds their recoverable value.
The Companys intangible assets with an indefinite life mainly consist of rights to produce and distribute Coca-Cola trademark products in the Companys territories. These rights are contained in agreements that are standard contracts that The Coca-Cola Company has with its bottlers.
In Mexico, the Company has eight bottler agreements for Coca-Cola FEMSAs territories in Mexico; two expire in June 2013, two expire in May 2015 and additionally four contracts that arose from the merger with Grupo Tampico, CIMSA and Grupo Fomento Queretano, expire in September 2014, April and July 2016 and August 2013, respectively. The bottler agreement for Argentina expires in September 2014, for Brazil expires in April 2014, in Colombia in June 2014, in Venezuela in August 2016, in Guatemala in March 2015, in Costa Rica in September 2017, in Nicaragua in May 2016 and in Panama in November 2014. All of the Companys bottler agreements are renewable for ten-year terms. These bottler agreements are automatically renewable for ten-year term, subject to the right of either party to give prior notice that it does not wish to renew the agreement. In addition, these agreements generally may be terminated in the case of material breach. Termination would prevent the Company from selling Coca-Cola trademark beverages in the affected territory and would have an adverse effect on the Companys business, financial conditions, results from operations and prospects.
3.14 Non-current assets held for sale
Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the non-current asset (or disposal group) is available for immediate sale in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.
When the Company is committed to a sale plan involving loss of control of a subsidiary, all of the assets and liabilities of that subsidiary are classified as held for sale when the criteria described above are met, regardless of whether the Company will retain a non-controlling interest in its former subsidiary after the sale.
Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their previous carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.
3.15 Impairment of non financial assets
At the end of each reporting period, the Company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. Where a reasonable and consistent basis of allocation can be identified, corporate assets are also allocated to individual CGUs, or otherwise they are allocated to the smallest CGUs for which a reasonable and consistent allocation basis can be identified.
Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives are tested for impairment at least annually, and whenever there is an indication that the asset may be impaired.
For goodwill and other indefinite lived intangible assets, the Company tests for impairment on an annual basis and whenever certain circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the cash generating unit might exceed its implied fair value.
Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or CGU) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or CGU) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognized immediately in consolidated net income.
Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or CGU) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognized for the asset (or CGU) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognized immediately in consolidated net income. Impairment losses related to goodwill are not reversible.
As of December, 31 2012, 2011 and January 1 2011, there was no impairment recognized in non financial assets.
3.16 Leases
The determination of whether an arrangement is, or contains, a lease is based on the substance of the arrangement at inception date, whether fulfillment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset, even if that right is not explicitly specified in an arrangement.
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
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Assets held under finance leases are initially recognized as assets of the Company at their fair value at the inception of the lease or, if lower, at the present value of the minimum lease payments. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the consolidated statement of financial position as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are apportioned between finance expenses and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Finance expenses are recognized immediately in consolidated net income, unless they are directly attributable to qualifying assets, in which case they are capitalized in accordance with the Companys general policy on borrowing costs. Contingent rentals are recognized as expenses in the periods in which they are incurred. Assets held under finance leases are depreciated over their expected useful lives on the same basis as owned assets or, where shorter, the term of the relevant lease.
Operating lease payments are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term, except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed. Contingent rentals arising under operating leases are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are incurred. In the event that lease incentives are received to enter into operating leases, such incentives are recognized as a liability. The aggregate benefit of incentives is recognized as a reduction of rental expense on a straight-line basis, except where another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed. Leasehold improvements, on operating leases are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of either the useful life of the assets or the related lease term.
3.17 Financial liabilities and equity instruments
3.17.1 Classification as debt or equity
Debt and equity instruments issued by a group entity are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.
3.17.2 Equity instruments
An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by the Company are recognized at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.
Repurchase of the Companys own equity instruments is recognized and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognized in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Companys own equity instruments.
3.17.3 Financial liabilities
Initial recognition and measurement
Financial liabilities within the scope of IAS 39 are classified as financial liabilities at FVTPL, loans and borrowings, or as derivatives designated as hedging instruments in an effective hedge, as appropriate. The Company determines the classification of its financial liabilities at initial recognition.
All financial liabilities are recognized initially at fair value plus, in the case of loans and borrowings, directly attributable transaction costs.
The Company financial liabilities include trade and other payables, loans and borrowings, and derivative financial instruments, see Note 3.7.
Subsequent measurement
The measurement of financial liabilities depends on their classification as described below:
3.17.4 Loans and borrowings
After initial recognition, interest bearing loans and borrowings are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. Gains and losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of income when the liabilities are derecognized as well as through the effective interest method amortization process.
Amortized cost is calculated by taking into account any discount or premium on acquisition and fees or costs that are an integral part of the effective interest method. The effective interest method amortization is included in interest expense in the consolidated statements of income.
Derecognition
A financial liability is derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged or cancelled or expires.
When an existing financial liability is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or the terms of an existing liability are substantially modified, such an exchange or modification is treated as the derecognition of the original liability and the recognition of a new liability. The difference in the respective carrying amounts is recognized in the consolidated statements of income.
3.18 Provisions
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
The amount recognized as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (where the effect of the time value of money is material).
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When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognized as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.
The Company recognizes a provision for a loss contingency when it is probable (i.e. the probability that the event will occur is greater than the probability that it will not) that certain effects related to past events, would materialize and can be reasonably quantified. These events and their financial impact are also disclosed as loss contingencies in the consolidated financial statements when the risk of loss is deemed to be other than remote. The Company does not recognize an asset for a gain contingency until the gain is realized, see Note 25.
Restructuring provisions are recognized only when the recognition criteria for provisions are fulfilled. The Company has a constructive obligation when a detailed formal plan identifies the business or part of the business concerned, the location and number of employees affected, a detailed estimate of the associated costs, and an appropriate timeline. Furthermore, the employees affected must have been notified of the plans main features.
3.19 Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits
Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits, which are considered to be monetary items, include obligations for pension and post-employment plans and seniority premiums, all based on actuarial calculations, using the projected unit credit method.
In Mexico and Brazil, the economic benefits and retirement pensions are granted to employees with 10 years of service and minimum age of 60 and 65, respectively. In accordance with Mexican Labor Law, the Company provides seniority premium benefits to its employees under certain circumstances. These benefits consist of a one-time payment equivalent to 12 days wages for each year of service (at the employees most recent salary, but not to exceed twice the legal minimum wage), payable to all employees with 15 or more years of service, as well as to certain employees terminated involuntarily prior to the vesting of their seniority premium benefit.
For defined benefit retirement plans and other non-current employee benefits, such as the Companys sponsored pension and retirement plans and seniority premiums, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each reporting period. All remeasurements of the Companys defined benefit obligation such as actuarial gains and losses are recognized directly in other comprehensive income (OCI). The Company presents service costs within cost of goods sold administrative and selling expenses in the consolidated statements of income. The Company presents net interest cost within interest expense in the consolidated statements of income. The projected benefit obligation recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position represents the present value of the defined benefit obligation as of the end of each reporting period. Certain subsidiaries of the Company have established plan assets for the payment of pension benefits and seniority premiums through irrevocable trusts of which the employees are named as beneficiaries, which serve to increase the funded status of such plans related obligations.
Costs related to compensated absences, such as vacations and vacation premiums, are recognized on an accrual basis. Cost for mandatory severance benefits are recorded as incurred.
The Company recognizes a liability and expense for termination benefits at the earlier of the following dates:
a. | When it can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits; and |
b. | When it recognizes costs for a restructuring that is within the scope of IAS 37, Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets, and involves the payment of termination benefits. |
The Company is demonstrably committed to a termination when, and only when, the entity has a detailed formal plan for the termination and is without realistic possibility of withdrawal.
A settlement occurs when an employer enters into a transaction that eliminates all further legal of constructive obligations for part or all of the benefits provided under a defined benefit plan. A curtailment arises from an isolated event such as closing of a plant, discontinuance of an operation or termination or suspension of a plan. Gains or losses on the settlement or curtailment of a defined benefit plan are recognized when the settlement or curtailment occurs.
3.20 Revenue recognition
Sales of products are recognized as revenue upon delivery to the customer, and once all the following conditions are satisfied:
| The Company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods; |
| The Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold; |
| The amount of revenue can be measured reliably; |
| It is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the Company; and |
| The costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably. |
All of the above conditions are typically met at the point in time that goods are delivered to the customer at the customers facilities. Net sales reflect units delivered at list prices reduced by promotional allowances, discounts and the amortization of the agreements with customers to obtain the rights to sell and promote the Companys products.
F-19
During 2007 and 2008, the Company sold certain of its private label brands to The Coca-Cola Company. Because the Company has significant continuing involvement with these brands, proceeds received from The Coca-Cola Company were initially deferred and are being amortized against the related costs of future product sales over the estimated period of such sales. The balance of unearned revenues as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011 amounted to Ps. 98, Ps. 302 and Ps. 547, respectively. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, the current portions of such amounts presented within other current liabilities, amounted to Ps. 61, Ps. 197 and Ps. 276 at, respectively.
Rendering of services and other
Revenue arising from services of sales of waste material and packing of raw materials are recognized in the other operating income caption in the consolidated income statement.
The Company recognized these transactions as revenues in accordance with the requirements established in the IAS 18, delivery of goods and rendering of services, which are:
a) The amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
b) It is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity;
c) The stage of completion of the transaction at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; and d) The costs incurred for the transaction and the costs to complete the transaction can be measured reliably. Interest income
Revenue arising from the use by others of entity assets yielding interest is recognized once all the following conditions are satisfied:
| It is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity; and |
| The amount of the revenue can be measured reliably. |
For all financial instruments measured at amortized cost and interest bearing financial assets classified as available-for- sale, interest income or expense is recorded using the effective interest rate (EIR), which is the rate that exactly discounts the estimated future cash payments or receipts through the expected life of the financial instrument or a shorter period, where appropriate, to the net carrying amount of the financial asset or liability. The related Interest income is included in the consolidated statements of income.
3.21 Administrative and selling expenses
Administrative expenses include labor costs (salaries and other benefits, including employee profit sharing (PTU) of employees not directly involved in the sale of the Companys products, as well as professional service fees, the depreciation of office facilities, amortization of capitalized information technology system implementation costs and any other similar costs.
Selling expenses include:
| Distribution: labor costs (salaries and other related benefits), outbound freight costs, warehousing costs of finished products, write off of returnable bottles in the distribution process, depreciation and maintenance of trucks and other distribution facilities and equipment. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, these distribution costs amounted to Ps. 16,839 and Ps. 14,967, respectively; |
| Sales: labor costs (salaries and other benefits including PTU) and sales commissions paid to sales personnel; |
| Marketing: labor costs (salaries and other benefits), promotional expenses and advertising costs. |
PTU is paid by the Companys Mexican and Venezuelan subsidiaries to its eligible employees. In Mexico, employee profit sharing is computed at the rate of 10% of the individual company taxable income, except for considering cumulative dividends received from resident legal persons in Mexico, depreciation of historical rather restated values, foreign exchange gains and losses, which are not included until the asset is disposed of or the liability is due and other effects of inflation are also excluded. In Venezuela, employee profit sharing is computed at a rate equivalent to 15% of after tax income, and it is no more than four months of salary.
3.22 Income taxes
Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. Income taxes are charged to consolidated net income as they are incurred, except when they relate to items that are recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognized in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, respectively.
3.22.1 Current income taxes
Income taxes are recorded in the results of the year they are incurred.
3.22.2 Deferred income taxes
Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized and if any, future benefits
F-20
from tax loss carry forwards and certain tax credits. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognized if the temporary difference arises from initial recognition of goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.
Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates, and interests in joint ventures, except where the Company is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets arising from deductible temporary differences associated with such investments and interests are only recognized to the extent that it is probable that there will be sufficient taxable profits against which to utilize the benefits of the temporary differences and they are expected to reverse in the foreseeable future.
Deferred income taxes are classified as a non-current asset or liability, regardless of when the temporary differences are expected to reverse.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
3.23 Share-based payments transactions
Senior executives of the Company receive remuneration in the form of share-based payment transactions, whereby employees render services as consideration for equity instruments. The equity instruments are granted and then held by a trust controlled by FEMSA. They are accounted for as equity settled transactions. The award of equity instruments is granted to a fixed value.
Share-based payments to employees are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date. The fair value determined at the grant date of the share-based payments is expensed and recognized based on the graded vesting method over the vesting period.
3.24 Earnings per share
The Company presents basic earnings per share (EPS) data for its shares. The Company does not have potentially dilutive shares and therefore its basic earnings per share is equivalent to its diluted earnings per share. Basic EPS is calculated by dividing the net income attributable to controlling interest by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the period adjusted for the weighted average of own shares purchased in the year.
3.25 Issuance of-stock
The Company recognizes the issuance of own stock as an equity transaction. The difference between the book value of the shares issued and the amount contributed by the non-controlling interest holder or third party is recorded as additional paid-in capital.
note 4. Mergers, Acquisitions and Disposals
4.1 Mergers and Acquisitions
The Company made certain business mergers and acquisitions that were recorded using the acquisition method of accounting. The results of the acquired operations have been included in the consolidated financial statements since the date on which the Company obtained control of the business, as disclosed below. Therefore, the consolidated statements of income and the consolidated statements of financial position in the years of such acquisitions are not comparable with previous periods. The consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 show the merged and acquired operations net of the cash related to those mergers and acquisitions.
4.1.1 Merger with Grupo Fomento Queretano
On May 4, 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the merger of 100% of Grupo Fomento Queretano, S.A.P.I. (Grupo Fomento Queretano) a bottler of Coca-Cola trademark products in the state of Queretaro, Mexico. This acquisition was made so as to reinforce Coca-Cola FEMSAs leadership position in Mexico and Latin America. The transaction involved the issuance of 45,090,375 shares of previously unissued Coca-Cola FEMSA L shares, along with the cash payment prior to closing of Ps. 1,221, in exchange for 100% share ownership of Grupo Fomento Queretano, which was accomplished through a merger. The total purchase price was Ps. 7,496 based on a share price of Ps. 139.22 per share on May 4, 2012. Transaction related costs of Ps. 12 were expensed by Coca-Cola FEMSA as incurred, and recorded as a component of administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Grupo Fomento Queretano was included in operating results from May 2012.
F-21
The fair value of the Grupo Fomento Queretanos net assets acquired is as follows: |
2012 | |||
Total current assets, including cash acquired of Ps. 107 |
Ps. | 445 | ||
Total non-current assets |
2,123 | |||
Distribution rights |
2,921 | |||
|
|
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Total assets |
5,489 | |||
Total liabilities |
(598 | ) | ||
|
|
|||
Net assets acquired |
4,891 | |||
|
|
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Goodwill |
2,605 | |||
|
|
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Total consideration transferred |
Ps. | 7,496 | ||
|
|
The Company expects to recover the amount recorded as goodwill through synergies related to the available production capacity. Goodwill has been allocated to Coca-Cola FEMSAs cash generating unit in Mexico.
Selected income statement information of Grupo Fomento Queretano for the period from May to December 31, 2012 is as follows:
Statement of income |
2012 | |||
Total revenues |
Ps. | 2,293 | ||
Income before taxes |
245 | |||
Net income |
186 |
4.1.2 Acquisition of Grupo CIMSA
On December 9, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the acquisition of 100% of Corporación de los Angeles, S.A. de C.V. (Grupo CIMSA), a bottler of Coca-Cola trademark products, which operates mainly in the states of Morelos and Mexico, as well as in parts of the states of Guerrero and Michoacan, Mexico. This acquisition was also made so as to reinforce the Coca-Cola FEMSAs leadership position in Mexico and Latin America. The transaction involved the issuance of 75,423,728 shares of previously unissued Coca-Cola FEMSA L shares along with the cash payment prior to closing of Ps. 2,100 in exchange for 100% share ownership of Grupo CIMSA, which was accomplished through a merger. The total purchase price was Ps. 11,117 based on a share price of Ps. 119.55 per share on December 9, 2011. Transaction related costs of Ps. 24 were expensed by Coca-Cola FEMSA as incurred, and recorded as a component of administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Grupo CIMSA was included in operating results from December 2011.
The fair value of Grupo CIMSAs net assets acquired is as follows:
2011 Preliminary |
Fair Value Adjustments |
2011 Final |
||||||||||
Total current assets, including cash acquired of Ps. 188 |
Ps. | 737 | Ps. | (134 | ) | Ps. | 603 | |||||
Total non-current assets |
2,802 | 253 | 3,055 | |||||||||
Distribution rights |
6,228 | (42 | ) | 6,186 | ||||||||
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|
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Total assets |
9,767 | 77 | 9,844 | |||||||||
Total liabilities |
(586 | ) | 28 | (558 | ) | |||||||
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|
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|
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Net assets acquired |
9,181 | 105 | 9,286 | |||||||||
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|
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Goodwill |
1,936 | (105 | ) | 1,831 | ||||||||
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|
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Total consideration transferred |
Ps. | 11,117 | Ps. | | Ps. | 11,117 | ||||||
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|
The Company expects to recover the amount recorded as goodwill through synergies related to the available production capacity. Goodwill has been allocated to Coca-Cola FEMSAs cash generating unit in Mexico.
Selected statement of income information of Grupo CIMSA for the period from December to December 31, 2011 is as follows:
2011 | ||||
Total revenues |
Ps. | 429 | ||
Income before taxes |
32 | |||
Net income |
23 |
F-22
4.1.3 Acquisition of Grupo Tampico
On October 10, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the acquisition of 100% of Administradora de Acciones del Noreste, S.A. de C.V. (Grupo Tampico) a bottler of Coca-Cola trademark products in the states of Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí and Veracruz; as well as in parts of the states of Hidalgo, Puebla and Queretaro. This acquisition was made so as to reinforce Coca-Cola FEMSAs leadership position in Mexico and Latin America. The transaction involved the issuance of 63,500,000 shares of previously unissued Coca-Cola FEMSA L shares along with the cash payment prior to closing of Ps. 2,436, in exchange for 100% share ownership of Grupo Tampico, which was accomplished through a merger. The total purchase price was Ps. 10,264 based on a share price of Ps. 123.27 per share on October 10, 2011. Transaction related costs of Ps. 20 were expensed by Coca-Cola FEMSA as incurred, and recorded as a component of administrative expenses in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Grupo Tampico was included in operating results from October 2011.
The fair value of the Grupo Tampicos net assets acquired is as follows:
2011 Preliminary |
Fair Value Adjustments |
2011 Final |
||||||||||
Total current assets, including cash acquired of Ps. 22 |
Ps. | 461 | Ps. | | Ps. | 461 | ||||||
Total non-current assets |
2,529 | (17 | ) | 2,512 | ||||||||
Distribution rights |
5,499 | | 5,499 | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total assets |
8,489 | (17 | ) | 8,472 | ||||||||
Total liabilities |
(804 | ) | 60 | (744 | ) | |||||||
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|
|
|
|||||||
Net assets acquired |
7,685 | 43 | 7,728 | |||||||||
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|
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Goodwill |
2,579 | (43 | ) | 2,536 | ||||||||
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Total consideration transferred |
Ps. | 10,264 | Ps. | | Ps. | 10,264 | ||||||
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The Company expects to recover the amount recorded as goodwill through synergies related to the available production capacity. Goodwill has been allocated to Coca-Cola FEMSAs cash generating unit in Mexico.
Selected statement of income information of Grupo Tampico for the period from October to December 31, 2011 is as follows:
Statement of income |
2011 | |||
Total revenues |
Ps. | 1,056 | ||
Income before taxes |
43 | |||
Net income |
31 |
Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Data.
The following unaudited consolidated pro forma financial data represent the Companys historical financial statements, adjusted to give effect to (i) the acquisition of Grupo Fomento Queretano, CIMSA and Grupo Tampico, mentioned in the preceding paragraphs; and (ii) certain accounting adjustments mainly related to the pro forma depreciation of fixed assets of the acquired companies.
Below are pro-forma 2012 results as if Grupo Formento Queretano was acquired on January 1, 2012.
Grupo Fomento Queretano unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data for the period January 1 - December 31, 2012 |
||||
Total revenues |
Ps. | 148,727 | ||
Income before taxes |
20,080 | |||
Net income |
13,951 | |||
Earnings per share |
6.64 |
Below are pro-forma results as if Grupo Tampico and Grupo CIMSA were acquired on January 1, 2011. The second table does not include any pro-forma results for the 2012 Grupo Fomento Queretano acquisition.
Grupo Tampico and CIMSA unaudited pro forma consolidated financial data for the period January 1-December 31, 2011 |
||||
Total revenues |
Ps. | 132,552 | ||
Income before taxes |
17,866 | |||
Net income |
12,019 | |||
Earnings per share |
6.15 |
F-23
note 5. Cash and Cash Equivalents
For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, cash includes cash on hand and in banks and cash equivalents, which are short-term, highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value, with a maturity date of less than three months at their acquisition date. Cash at the end of the reporting period as shown in the consolidated statement of cash flows can be reconciled to the related items in the consolidated statements of financial position as follows:
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Cash and bank balances |
Ps. | 5,520 | Ps. | 3,394 | Ps. | 2,341 | ||||||
Cash equivalents (see Notes 3.5 and 3.6) |
17,702 | 8,449 | 9,801 | |||||||||
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|
|||||||
Ps. | 23,222 | Ps. | 11,843 | Ps. | 12,142 | |||||||
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note 6. Marketable Securities
As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and January 1, 2011, the marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale. The detail is as follows:
Debt Securities (1) |
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
|||||||||
Acquisition cost |
Ps. | 10 | Ps. | 326 | Ps. | | ||||||
Unrealized gain recognized in other comprehensive income |
2 | 4 | | |||||||||
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Total marketable securities at fair value |
Ps. | 12 | Ps. | 330 | Ps. | | ||||||
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(1) | Denominated in U.S. dollars as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. |
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the effect of the marketable securities in the consolidated income statements under the interest income caption is Ps. 4 and Ps. 34 for the years ended as of December 31, 2012 and 2011.
note 7. Accounts Receivable
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Trade receivables |
Ps. | 6,361 | Ps. | 6,533 | Ps. | 4,616 | ||||||
Current trade customer notes receivable |
377 | 74 | 232 | |||||||||
The Coca-Cola Company (related party) (Note 14) |
1,835 | 1,157 | 1,030 | |||||||||
Loans to employees |
172 | 145 | 110 | |||||||||
Travel advances to employees |
18 | 26 | 24 | |||||||||
FEMSA and subsidiaries (related parties) (Note 14) |
379 | 314 | 161 | |||||||||
Other related parties (Note 14) |
181 | 209 | 134 | |||||||||
Other |
335 | 472 | 279 | |||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts on trade receivables |
(329 | ) | (298 | ) | (223 | ) | ||||||
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Ps. | 9,329 | Ps. | 8,632 | Ps. | 6,363 | |||||||
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7.1 Trade receivables
Accounts receivable representing rights arising from sales and loans to employees or any other similar concept, are presented net of discounts and the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Coca-Cola FEMSA has accounts receivable from The Coca-Cola Company arising from the latters participation in advertising and promotional programs and investment in refrigeration equipment and returnable bottles made by Coca-Cola FEMSA.
F-24
The carrying value of accounts receivable approximates its fair value as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011.
Aging of past due but not impaired |
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
|||||||||
60-90 days |
Ps. | 174 | Ps. | 18 | Ps. | 33 | ||||||
90-120 days |
46 | 32 | 22 | |||||||||
120 + days |
7 | 1 | 25 | |||||||||
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Total |
Ps. | 227 | Ps. | 51 | Ps. | 80 | ||||||
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|
7.2 Movement in the allowance for doubtful accounts
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1 2011 |
||||||||||
Opening balance |
Ps. | 298 | Ps. | 223 | Ps. | 215 | ||||||
Allowance for the year |
280 | 126 | 113 | |||||||||
Charges and write-offs of uncollectible accounts |
(221 | ) | (83 | ) | (95 | ) | ||||||
Restatement of beginning balance in hyperinflationary economies |
(28 | ) | 32 | (10 | ) | |||||||
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Ending balance |
Ps. | 329 | Ps. | 298 | Ps. | 223 | ||||||
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In determining the recoverability of trade receivables, the Company considers any change in the credit quality of the trade receivable from the date credit was initially granted up to the end of the reporting period. The concentration of credit risk is limited due to the customer base being large and unrelated.
Aging of impaired trade receivables |
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
|||||||||
60-90 days |
Ps. | 2 | Ps. | 33 | Ps. | 9 | ||||||
90-120 days |
10 | 31 | 17 | |||||||||
120+ days |
317 | 234 | 197 | |||||||||
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Total |
Ps. | 329 | Ps. | 298 | Ps. | 223 | ||||||
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7.3 Payments from The Coca-Cola Company:
The Coca-Cola Company participates in certain advertising and promotional programs as well as in the Companys refrigeration equipment and returnable bottles investment program. Contributions received by the Company for advertising and promotional incentives are recognized as a reduction in selling expenses and contributions received for the refrigeration equipment and returnable bottles investment program are recorded as a reduction in the investment in refrigeration equipment and returnable bottles items. For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 contributions received were Ps. 3,018 and Ps. 2,595, respectively.
note 8. Inventories
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Finished products |
Ps. | 2,302 | Ps. | 2,453 | Ps. | 1,627 | ||||||
Raw materials |
3,911 | 2,840 | 2,032 | |||||||||
Non strategic spare parts |
802 | 626 | 596 | |||||||||
Inventories in transit |
1,014 | 1,428 | 422 | |||||||||
Packing materials |
59 | 153 | 128 | |||||||||
Other |
15 | 49 | 202 | |||||||||
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Ps. | 8,103 | Ps. | 7,549 | Ps. | 5,007 | |||||||
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As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011, the Company recognized write-downs of its inventories for Ps. 95, Ps. 106 and Ps. 105 to net realizable value for any periods presented in these consolidated financial statements.
F-25
note 9. Other Current Assets
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Prepaid expenses |
Ps. | 906 | Ps. | 1,086 | Ps. | 528 | ||||||
Agreements with customers |
128 | 194 | 90 | |||||||||
Other |
1 | 42 | 203 | |||||||||
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Ps. | 1,035 | Ps. | 1,322 | Ps. | 821 | |||||||
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|
Prepaid expenses as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011 are as follows:
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Advances for inventories |
Ps. | 47 | Ps. | 465 | Ps. | 124 | ||||||
Advertising and promotional expenses paid in advance |
284 | 209 | 200 | |||||||||
Advances to service suppliers |
289 | 220 | 147 | |||||||||
Prepaid insurance |
57 | 47 | 20 | |||||||||
Others |
229 | 145 | 37 | |||||||||
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Ps. | 906 | Ps. | 1,086 | Ps. | 528 | |||||||
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Amortization of advertising and deferred promotional expenses recorded in the consolidated statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 amounted to Ps. 3,681 and Ps. 4,121 respectively.
note 10. Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures
Details of the investments accounted for under the equity method at the end of the reporting period are as follows:
Ownership Percentage | Carrying Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investee |
Principal Activity |
Place of Incorporation |
December 31 2012 |
December 31 2011 |
January 1 2011 |
December 31 2012 |
December 31 2011 |
January 1 2011 |
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Compañía Panameña de Bebidas S.A.P.I. S.A. de C.V. (1) (4) |
Holding | Panama | 50.0 | % | 50.0 | % | | Ps | 756 | Ps. | 703 | Ps. | | |||||||||||||||
Dispensadoras de Café, S.A.P.I. de C.V. (1) (4) |
Services | Mexico | 50.0 | % | 50.0 | % | | 167 | 161 | | ||||||||||||||||||
Estancia Hidromineral Itabirito, LTDA (1) (4) |
Bottling and distribution |
Brazil | 50.0 | % | 50.0 | % | 50.0 | % | 147 | 142 | 87 | |||||||||||||||||
Jugos del Valle S.A.P.I de C.V. (1) (2) |
Beverages | Mexico | 25.1 | % | 24.0 | % | 19.8 | % | 1,351 | 819 | 603 | |||||||||||||||||
Holdfab2 Partiçipações Societárias, LTDA (Holdfab2) (1) |
Beverages | Brazil | 27.7 | % | 27.7 | % | 27.7 | % | 205 | 262 | 300 | |||||||||||||||||
SABB Sistema de Alimentos e Bebidas Do Brasil LTDA (formerly Sucos del Valle do Brasil LTDA) (1) (2) (3) |
Beverages | Brazil | 19.7 | % | 19.7 | % | 19.9 | % | 902 | 931 | | |||||||||||||||||
Sucos del Valle Do Brasil LTDA (3) |
Beverages | Brazil | | | 19.9 | % | | | 340 | |||||||||||||||||||
Mais Industria de Alimentos LTDA (3) |
Beverages | Brazil | | | 19.9 | % | | | 474 | |||||||||||||||||||
Industria Envasadora de Querétaro, S.A. de C.V. (IEQSA) (1) (2) |
Canned | Mexico | 27.9 | % | 19.2 | % | 13.5 | % | 141 | 100 | 67 | |||||||||||||||||
Industria Mexicana de Reciclaje, S.A. de C.V. (IMER) (1) |
Recycling | Mexico | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 35.0 | % | 74 | 70 | 69 | |||||||||||||||||
Promotora Industrial Azucarera, S.A. de C.V. (1) (2) |
Sugar production |
Mexico | 26.1 | % | 13.2 | % | | 1,447 | 281 | | ||||||||||||||||||
KSP Participacoes LTDA (1) |
Beverages | Brazil | 38.7 | % | 38.7 | % | 38.7 | % | 93 | 102 | 93 | |||||||||||||||||
Other Coca-Cola FEMSA: |
Various | Various | Various | Various | Various | 69 | 85 | 75 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Ps. | 5,352 | Ps. | 3,656 | Ps. | 2,108 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
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F-26
Accounting method:
(1) | Equity method. |
(2) | The Company has significant influence due to the fact that it has representation on the board of directors and participates in the operating and financial decisions of the investee. |
(3) | During June 2011, a reorganization of the Coca-Cola FEMSA Brazilian investments occurred by way of a merger of the companies Sucos del Valle Do Brasil, LTDA and Mais Industria de Alimentos, LTDA giving rise to a new company with the name of Sistema de Alimentos e Bebidas do Brasil, LTDA. |
(4) | The Company has joint control over this entitys operating and financial policies. |
As mentioned in Note 4, on May 4, 2012 and December 9, 2011, Coca-Cola FEMSA completed the acquisition of 100% of Grupo FOQUE and Grupo CIMSA. As part of the acquisition of Grupo FOQUE and Grupo CIMSA, the Company also acquired a 26.1% equity interest in Promotora Industrial Azucarera, S.A de C.V.
During 2012 the Company made capital contributions to Jugos del Valle, S.A.P.I. de C.V. for Ps. 469. The funds were mainly used by Jugos del Valle to acquire Santa Clara (a non-carbonated beverage Company).
On March 28, 2011 Coca-Cola FEMSA made an initial investment followed by subsequent increases in the investment for Ps. 620 together with The Coca-Cola Company in Compañía Panameña de Bebidas, S.A.P.I. de C.V. (Grupo Estrella Azul), a Panamanian conglomerate in the dairy and juice-based beverage categories business in Panama. The investment of Coca-Cola FEMSA represents 50% of the equity ownership interests.
Summarized financial information in respect of the significant Companys associates and joint ventures accounted for under the equity method is set out below.
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Total current assets |
Ps. | 8,569 | Ps. | 8,129 | Ps. | 7,164 | ||||||
Total non-current assets |
14,639 | 12,941 | 8,649 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities |
5,340 | 5,429 | 2,306 | |||||||||
Total non-current liabilities |
2,457 | 2,208 | 1,433 | |||||||||
Total revenue |
18,796 | 18,183 | ||||||||||
Total cost and expenses |
17,776 | 16,987 | ||||||||||
Net income |
781 | 1,046 |
note 11. Property, Plant and Equipment, net
Cost |
Land | Buildings | Machinery and Equipment |
Refrigeration Equipment |
Returnable Bottles |
Investments in Fixed Assets in Progress |
Leasehold Improvements |
Other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost as of January 1, 2011 |
Ps. | 2,492 | Ps. | 8,337 | Ps. | 22,957 | Ps. | 8,979 | Ps. | 2,930 | Ps. | 2,298 | Ps. | 459 | Ps. | 613 | Ps. | 49,065 | ||||||||||||||||||
Additions |
1 | 131 | 1,188 | 1,103 | 1,236 | 3,510 | 5 | 104 | 7,278 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions from business combinations |
597 | 1,103 | 2,309 | 314 | 183 | 202 | | | 4,708 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer of completed projects in progress |
23 | 271 | 1,829 | 421 | 521 | (3,113 | ) | 49 | (1 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer to/(from) assets classified as held for sale |
111 | 144 | (14 | ) | | | | | (67 | ) | 174 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals |
(52 | ) | (4 | ) | (1,939 | ) | (325 | ) | (901 | ) | 5 | (98 | ) | (160 | ) | (3,474 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates |
141 | 408 | 1,147 | 536 | 143 | 76 | 10 | 81 | 2,542 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effects |
91 | 497 | 1,150 | 268 | 3 | 50 | | 11 | 2,070 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capitalization of borrowing costs |
| | 17 | | | | | | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Cost as of December 31, 2011 |
Ps. | 3,404 | Ps. | 10,887 | Ps. | 28,644 | Ps. | 11,296 | Ps. | 4,115 | Ps. | 3,028 | Ps. | 425 | Ps. | 581 | Ps. | 62,380 | ||||||||||||||||||
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F-27
Cost |
Land | Buildings | Machinery and Equipment |
Refrigeration Equipment |
Returnable Bottles |
Investments in Fixed Assets in Progress |
Leasehold Improvements |
Other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost as of January 1, 2012 |
Ps. | 3,404 | Ps10,887 | Ps. | 28,644 | Ps. | 11,296 | Ps | 4,115 | Ps. | 3,028 | Ps. | 425 | Ps. | 581 | Ps. | 62,380 | |||||||||||||||||||
Additions |
97 | 214 | 2,262 | 1,544 | 1,434 | 3,838 | 166 | 186 | 9,741 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Additions from business combinations |
206 | 390 | 486 | 84 | 18 | | | | 1,184 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Charges in fair value of past acquisitions |
57 | 312 | (462 | ) | (39 | ) | (77 | ) | | (1 | ) | | (210 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer of completed projects in progress |
137 | 210 | 1,106 | 901 | 765 | (3,125 | ) | 6 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer to assets classified as held for sale |
| | (27 | ) | | | | | | (27 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals |
(16 | ) | (99 | ) | (847 | ) | (591 | ) | (324 | ) | (14 | ) | (1 | ) | (69 | ) | (1,961 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates |
(107 | ) | (485 | ) | (1,475 | ) | (451 | ) | (134 | ) | (28 | ) | (58 | ) | (41 | ) | (2,779 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effects |
85 | 471 | 1,138 | 275 | 17 | (31 | ) | | 83 | 2,038 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capitalization of borrowing costs |
| | 16 | | | | | | 16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Cost as of December 31, 2012 |
Ps. | 3,863 | Ps. | 11,900 | Ps. | 30,841 | Ps. | 13,019 | Ps | 5,814 | Ps. | 3,668 | Ps. | 537 | Ps. | 740 | Ps. | 70,382 | ||||||||||||||||||
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Accumulated Depreciation |
Land | Buildings | Machinery and Equipment |
Refrigeration Equipment |
Returnable Bottles |
Investments in Fixed Assets in Progress |
Leasehold Improvements |
Other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated depreciation as of January 1, 2011 |
Ps. | | Ps. | (2,762 | ) | Ps. | (11,923 | ) | Ps. | (5,068 | ) | Ps. | (478 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | (190 | ) | Ps. | (174 | ) | Ps. | (20,595 | ) | |||||||||||
Depreciation for the year |
(233 | ) | (1,670 | ) | (1,033 | ) | (853 | ) | (14 | ) | (47 | ) | (3,850 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer (to)/from assets classified as held for sale |
| (41 | ) | (3 | ) | | | | | | (44 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals |
1,741 | 154 | 335 | 89 | 67 | 2,386 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates |
| (169 | ) | (512 | ) | (270 | ) | (35 | ) | | | (29 | ) | (1,015 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effects |
| (280 | ) | (653 | ) | (202 | ) | | | | (25 | ) | (1,160 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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Accumulated depreciation as of December 31, 2011 |
Ps. | | Ps. | (3,485 | ) | Ps. | (13,020 | ) | Ps. | (6,419 | ) | Ps. | (1,031 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | (115 | ) | Ps. | (208 | ) | Ps. | (24,278 | ) | |||||||||||
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Accumulated Depreciation |
Land | Buildings | Machinery and Equipment |
Refrigeration Equipment |
Returnable Bottles |
Investments in Fixed Assets in Progress |
Leasehold Improvements |
Other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accumulated depreciation as of January 1, 2012 |
Ps. | | Ps. | (3,485 | ) | Ps. | (13,020 | ) | Ps. | (6,419 | ) | Ps. | (1,031 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | (115 | ) | Ps. | (208 | ) | Ps. | (24,278 | ) | |||||||||||
Depreciation for the year |
| (252 | ) | (2,279 | ) | (1,301 | ) | (1,149 | ) | | (25 | ) | (72 | ) | (5,078 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer (to)/from assets classified as held for sale |
| | 12 | | | | | (26 | ) | (14 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Disposals |
| 138 | 520 | 492 | 200 | | 7 | 1 | 1,358 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Effects of changes in foreign exchange rates |
| 200 | 754 | 303 | (5 | ) | | 68 | (5 | ) | 1,315 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effects |
| (288 | ) | (672 | ) | (200 | ) | (3 | ) | | | (5 | ) | (1,168 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Accumulated depreciation as of December 31, 2012 |
Ps. | | Ps. | (3,687 | ) | Ps. | (14,685 | ) | Ps. | (7,125 | ) | Ps. | (1,988 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | (65 | ) | Ps. | (315 | ) | Ps. | (27,865 | ) | |||||||||||
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Carrying Amount |
Land | Buildings | Machinery and Equipment |
Refrigeration Equipment |
Returnable Bottles |
Investments in Fixed Assets in Progress |
Leasehold Improvements |
Other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
As of January 1, 2011 |
Ps. | 2,492 | Ps. | 5,575 | Ps. | 11,034 | Ps. | 3,911 | Ps. | 2,452 | Ps. | 2,298 | Ps. | 269 | Ps. | 439 | Ps. | 28,470 | ||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2011 |
3,404 | 7,402 | 15,624 | 4,877 | 3,084 | 3,028 | 310 | 373 | 38,102 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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As of December 31, 2012 |
Ps. | 3,863 | Ps. | 8,213 | Ps. | 16,156 | Ps. | 5,894 | Ps. | 3,826 | Ps. | 3,668 | Ps. | 472 | Ps. | 425 | Ps. | 42,517 | ||||||||||||||||||
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During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 the Company capitalized Ps. 16 and Ps. 17, respectively of borrowing costs in relation to Ps. 196 and Ps. 256 in qualifying assets. The rates used to determine the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization were 4.3% and 5.8% effective.
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 interest expenses and net foreign exchange losses (gains) are analyzed as follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Interest expense and foreign exchange losses (gains) |
Ps.1,284 | Ps.1,313 | ||||||
Amount capitalized (1) |
38 | 185 | ||||||
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Net amount in consolidated statements of income |
Ps.1,246 | Ps.1,128 | ||||||
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(1) | Amount capitalized in property, plant and equipment and amortized intangible assets. |
F-28
Commitments related to acquisitions of property, plant and equipment are disclosed in Note 25.
F-29
note 12. Intangible Assets
Rights to Produce and Distribute Coca-Cola Trademark Products |
Goodwill | Other Indefinite Lived Intangible Assets |
Technology Costs and Management Systems |
Development Systems |
Other Amortizables |
Total | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance as of January 1, 2011 |
Ps. | 41,173 | Ps. | | Ps. | 11 | Ps. | 1,152 | Ps. | 1,389 | Ps. | 87 | Ps. | 43,812 | ||||||||||||||
Purchases |
| | 85 | 196 | 300 | 48 | 629 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition from business combinations |
11,878 | 4,515 | | 66 | 3 | | 16,462 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer of completed development systems |
| | | 261 | (261 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Effect of movements in exchange rates |
1,072 | | | 30 | | 7 | 1,109 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effect |
815 | | | | | | 815 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Capitalization of borrowing cost |
| | | 168 | | | 168 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance as of December 31, 2011 |
54,938 | 4,515 | 96 | 1,873 | 1,431 | 142 | 62,995 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Purchases |
| | 6 | 34 | 90 | 105 | 235 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Acquisition from business combinations |
2,973 | 2,605 | | | | | 5,578 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Changes in fair value of past acquisitions |
(42 | ) | (148 | ) | | | | | (190 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Internally development |
| | | | 38 | | 38 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer of completed development systems |
| | | 559 | (559 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Effect of movements in exchange rates |
(478 | ) | | | (97 | ) | (3 | ) | (3 | ) | (581 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Changes in value on the recognition of inflation effects |
(121 | ) | | | | | | (121 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Capitalization of borrowing costs |
| | | | 22 | | 22 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance as of December 31, 2012 |
Ps. | 57,270 | Ps. | 6,972 | Ps. | 102 | Ps. | 2,369 | Ps. | 1,019 | Ps. | 244 | Ps. | 67,976 | ||||||||||||||
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Amortization expense |
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Balance as of January 1, 2011 |
Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | (588 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | (3 | ) | Ps. | (591 | ) | |||||||||||
Amortization expense |
| | | (187 | ) | | (41 | ) | (228 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Disposals |
| | | 2 | | | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Effect of movements in exchange rates |
| | | (15 | ) | | | (15 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
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Balance as of December 31, 2011 |
| | | (788 | ) | | (44 | ) | (832 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Amortization expense |
| | | (158 | ) | | (60 | ) | (218 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Disposals |
| | | 25 | | | 25 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Effect of movements in exchange rates |
| | | 65 | | (3 | ) | 62 | ||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance as of December 31, 2012 |
Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | (856 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | (107 | ) | Ps. | (963 | ) | |||||||||||
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Balance as of January 1, 2011 |
Ps. | 41,173 | Ps. | | Ps. | 11 | Ps. | 564 | Ps. | 1,389 | Ps. | 84 | Ps. | 43,221 | ||||||||||||||
Balance as of December 31, 2011 |
54,938 | 4,515 | 96 | 1,085 | 1,431 | 98 | 62,163 | |||||||||||||||||||||
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Balance as of December 31, 2012 |
Ps. | 57,270 | Ps. | 6,972 | Ps. | 102 | Ps. | 1,513 | Ps. | 1,019 | Ps. | 137 | Ps. | 67,013 | ||||||||||||||
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During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 the Company capitalized Ps. 22 and Ps. 168, respectively of borrowing costs in relation to Ps. 674 and Ps. 1,761 in qualifying assets. The effective rates used to determine the amount of borrowing costs eligible for capitalization were 4.3% and 5.8%.
F-30
For the year ended in December 31, 2012, the amortization of intangible assets is recognized in cost of goods sold, selling expenses and administrative expenses and amounted to Ps. 1, Ps. 56 and Ps. 161, respectively.
For the year ended in December 31, 2011, the amortization of intangible assets is recognized in cost of goods sold, selling expenses and administrative expenses and amounted to Ps. 3, Ps. 59 and Ps. 166, respectively.
The Company´s intangible assets such as technology costs and management systems are subject to amortization until 2023.
Impairment Tests for Cash-Generating Units Containing Goodwill and Distribution Rights
For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill and distribution rights are allocated and monitored on an individual country basis, which is considered to be the CGU.
The aggregate carrying amounts of goodwill and distribution rights allocated to each CGU are as follows:
In millions of Ps.
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Mexico |
Ps. | 47,492 | Ps. | 42,099 | ||||
Guatemala |
299 | 325 | ||||||
Nicaragua |
407 | 459 | ||||||
Costa Rica |
1,114 | 1,201 | ||||||
Panama |
781 | 839 | ||||||
Colombia |
6,387 | 6,240 | ||||||
Venezuela |
3,236 | 2,941 | ||||||
Brazil |
4,416 | 5,169 | ||||||
Argentina |
110 | 180 | ||||||
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Total |
Ps. | 64,242 | Ps. | 59,453 | ||||
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Goodwill and distribution rights are tested for impairments annually. The recoverable amounts of the CGUs are based on value-in-use calculations. Value in use was determined by discounting the future cash flows generated from the continuing use of the CGU.
The key assumptions used for the value-in-use calculations are as follows:
| Cash flows were projected based on actual operating results and the five-year business plan. Cash flows for a further five-year were forecasted maintaining the same stable growth and margins per country of the last year base. The Company believes that this forecasted period is justified due to the non-current nature of the business and past experiences. |
| Cash flows after the first ten-year period were extrapolated using a perpetual growth rate equal to the expected annual population growth, in order to calculate the terminal recoverable amount. |
| A per CGU-specific Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) was applied as a hurdle rate to discount cash flows to get the recoverable amount of the units; the calculation assumes, size premium adjusting. |
The key assumptions by CGU for impairment test are as follows:
CGU |
WACC Real | Expected Annual
Long-Term Inflation 2013-2023 |
Expected Volume Growth Rates 2013-2023 |
|||||||||
Mexico |
5.5 | % | 3.6 | % | 2.8 | % | ||||||
Colombia |
5.8 | % | 3.0 | % | 6.1 | % | ||||||
Venezuela |
11.3 | % | 25.8 | % | 2.8 | % | ||||||
Costa Rica |
7.7 | % | 5.7 | % | 2.8 | % | ||||||
Guatemala |
8.1 | % | 5.3 | % | 4.0 | % | ||||||
Nicaragua |
9.5 | % | 6.6 | % | 5.1 | % | ||||||
Panama |
7.7 | % | 4.6 | % | 3.6 | % | ||||||
Argentina |
10.7 | % | 10.0 | % | 4.2 | % | ||||||
Brazil |
5.5 | % | 5.8 | % | 3.8 | % |
The values assigned to the key assumptions represent managements assessment of future trends in the industry and are based on both external sources and internal sources (historical data). The Company consistently applied its methodology to determine CGU specific WACCs to perform its annual impairment testing.
F-31
Sensitivity to Changes in Assumptions
The Company performed an additional impairment sensitivity calculation, taking into account an adverse change of a 100 basis point in the key assumptions noted above, and concluded that no impairment would be recorded.
CGU |
Change in WACC | Change in Volume Growth CAGR (1) |
Effect on Valuation | |||||||||
Mexico |
+1.0 | % | 1.0 | % | Passes by 3.4x | |||||||
Colombia |
+1.0 | % | 1.0 | % | Passes by 6.2x | |||||||
Venezuela |
+1.0 | % | 1.0 | % | Passes by 8.1x | |||||||
Costa Rica |
+1.0 | % | 1.0 | % | Passes by 3.2x | |||||||
Guatemala |
+1.0 | % | 1.0 | % | Passes by 7.0x | |||||||
Nicaragua |
+1.0 | % | 1.0 | % | Passes by 4.4x | |||||||
Panama |
+1.0 | % | 1.0 | % | Passes by 7.5x | |||||||
Argentina |
+1.0 | % | 1.0 | % | Passes by 103x | |||||||
Brazil |
+1.0 | % | 1.0 | % | Passes by 12.6x |
(1) | Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) |
note 13. Other Assets
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Agreement with customers, net |
Ps. | 278 | Ps. | 256 | Ps. | 186 | ||||||
Non-current prepaid advertising expenses |
78 | 113 | 125 | |||||||||
Guarantee deposits (1) |
947 | 942 | 892 | |||||||||
Prepaid bonuses |
117 | 97 | 84 | |||||||||
Advances in acquisitions of property, plant and equipment |
716 | 296 | 226 | |||||||||
Share based payments |
306 | 226 | 208 | |||||||||
Other |
381 | 374 | 233 | |||||||||
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Ps. | 2,823 | Ps. | 2,304 | Ps. | 1,954 | |||||||
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(1) | As is customary in Brazil, the Company has been required by authorities to collaterize tax, legal and labor contingencies by guarantee deposits. |
note 14. Balances and Transactions with Related Parties and Affiliated Companies
Balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties of the Company, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this Note.
The consolidated statements of financial positions and consolidated statements of income include the following balances and transactions with related parties and affiliated companies:
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Balances: |
||||||||||||
Assets (current included in accounts receivable) |
||||||||||||
Due from FEMSA and Subsidiaries (see Note 7) (1) (4) |
Ps. | 379 | Ps. | 314 | Ps. | 161 | ||||||
Due from The Coca-Cola Company (see Note 7) (1) (4) |
1,835 | 1,157 | 1,030 | |||||||||
Due from Heineken Company (1) |
141 | 192 | 116 | |||||||||
Other receivables (1) |
40 | 17 | 18 | |||||||||
Assets (non-current included in other non-current financial assets) |
||||||||||||
Compañía Panameña de Bebidas, S.A.P.I. S.A. de C.V. (5) |
828 | 825 | | |||||||||
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Ps. | 3,223 | Ps. | 2,505 | Ps. | 1,325 | |||||||
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F-32
Liabilities (included in suppliers and other liabilities and loans) |
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
|||||||||
Liabilities (current liabilities) |
||||||||||||
Due to FEMSA and Subsidiaries (see Note 7.3) (3) (4) |
Ps. | 1,057 | Ps. | 753 | Ps. | 603 | ||||||
Due to The Coca-Cola Company (3) (4) |
4,088 | 2,853 | 1,911 | |||||||||
Due to Heineken Company (3) |
235 | 204 | 190 | |||||||||
Banco Nacional de México, S.A. (2) (6) |
| | 500 | |||||||||
Grupo Tampico (6) |
7 | 8 | | |||||||||
Compañía Panameña de Bebidas, S.A.P.I. S.A. de C.V. (5) |
| 16 | | |||||||||
Other payables (3) |
429 | 500 | 198 | |||||||||
Liabilities (non-current liabilities) |
||||||||||||
BBVA Bancomer, S.A. (2) (6) |
981 | 970 | 961 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Ps. | 6,797 | Ps. | 5,304 | Ps. | 4,363 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Presented within accounts receivable. |
(2) | Recorded within bank loans. |
(3) | Recorded within accounts payable. |
(4) | Holding |
(5) | Joint venture |
(6) | Key personal management |
Balances due from related parties are considered to be recoverable. Accordingly, for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, there was no expense resulting from the uncollectibility of balances due from related parties.
Details of transactions between the Company and other related parties are disclosed as follows:
Transactions |
2012 | 2011 | ||||||
Income: |
||||||||
Sales to affiliated parties |
Ps. | 5,111 | Ps. | 2,186 | ||||
Interest income received from Compañía Panameña de Bebidas, S.A.P.I. S.A. de C.V. |
58 | 40 | ||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||
Purchases and other revenue of FEMSA |
4,484 | 3,652 | ||||||
Purchases of concentrate from The Coca-Cola Company |
23,886 | 20,882 | ||||||
Purchases of raw material, beer and operating expenses from Heineken |
2,598 | 3,343 | ||||||
Advertisement expense paid to The Coca-Cola Company |
1,052 | 872 | ||||||
Interest expense and fees paid to BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V. (1) |
51 | 51 | ||||||
Purchases from Jugos del Valle |
1,577 | 1,248 | ||||||
Purchase of sugar from Beta San Miguel |
1,439 | 1,398 | ||||||
Purchase of sugar, cans and aluminum lids from Promotora Mexicana de Embotelladores, S.A. de C.V. |
711 | 701 | ||||||
Purchase of canned products from IEQSA |
483 | 262 | ||||||
Purchases of raw material and operating expenses from afiliated companies of Grupo Tampico |
| 175 | ||||||
Interest expense paid to Grupo Financiero Banamex, S.A. de C.V. (1) |
| 6 | ||||||
Purchase of plastic bottles from Embotelladora del Atlantico, S.A. (formerly Complejo Industrial Pet, S.A.) |
99 | 56 | ||||||
Purchases of juice and milk powder from Compañía Panameña de Bebidas, S.A.P.I. S.A. de C.V. |
| 60 | ||||||
Donations to Instituto Tecnologico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, A.C. (1) |
68 | 37 | ||||||
Interest expense paid to The Coca-Cola Company |
24 | 7 | ||||||
Insurance premiums for policies with Grupo Nacional Provincial, S.A.B. (1) |
17 | 20 | ||||||
Other expenses with related parties |
191 | 83 |
(1) | One or more members of the Board of Directors or senior management of the Company are also members of the Board of Directors or senior management of the counterparties to these transactions. |
The benefits and aggregate compensation paid to executive officers and senior management of the Company were as follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Current employee benefits |
Ps. | 635 | Ps. | 426 | ||||
Termination benefits |
13 | 10 | ||||||
Shared based payments |
253 | 331 |
F-33
note 15. Balances and Transactions in Foreign Currencies
Assets, liabilities and transactions denominated in foreign currencies are those realized in a currency different than the functional currency of each subsidiary of the Company. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, assets, liabilities and transactions denominated in foreign currencies, expressed in Mexican pesos (contractual amounts) are as follows:
Assets | Liabilities | |||||||||||||||
Balances |
Current | Non-current | Current | Non-current | ||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
13,379 | 723 | 6,304 | 14,493 | ||||||||||||
Euros |
| | 38 | | ||||||||||||
As of December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
5,167 | 785 | 1,964 | 7,199 | ||||||||||||
Euros |
| | 41 | | ||||||||||||
As of January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
7,154 | 20 | 1,250 | 6,401 | ||||||||||||
Euros |
| | 245 | |
Transactions |
Revenues | Purchases of Raw Materials |
Interest Expense |
Assets Acquisitions |
Other | |||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
307 | 10,715 | 254 | | 870 | |||||||||||||||
Year ended December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
418 | 8,753 | 338 | 226 | 623 |
Mexican peso exchange rates in effect at the dates of the consolidated statements of financial position and at the issuance date of the Companys consolidated financial statements were as follows:
December 31, | January 1, | March 14, | ||||||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2011 | 2013 | |||||||||||||
U.S. dollar |
13.0101 | 13.9787 | 12.3571 | 12.3967 |
note 16. Post-Employment and Other Non-current Employee Benefits
The Company has various labor liabilities for employee benefits in connection with pension and seniority benefits. Benefits vary depending upon the country where the individual employees are located. Presented below is a discussion of the Companys labor liabilities in Mexico, Brazil and Venezuela, which comprise the substantial majority of those recorded in the consolidated financial statements.
16.1
Assumptions
The Company annually evaluates the reasonableness of the assumptions used in its labor liability for post-employment and other non-current employee benefits computations. Actuarial calculations for pension and retirement plans and seniority premiums, as well as the associated cost for the period, were determined using the following long-term assumptions to non-hyperinflationary countries:
Mexico |
December 31 2012 |
December 31 2011 |
January 1 2011 |
|||||||||
Financial: |
||||||||||||
Discount rate used to calculate the defined benefit obligation |
7.10 | % | 7.64 | % | 7.64 | % | ||||||
Salary increase |
4.79 | % | 4.79 | % | 4.79 | % | ||||||
Future pension increases |
3.50 | % | 3.50 | % | 3.50 | % | ||||||
Biometric: |
||||||||||||
Mortality |
EMSSA82-89 | (1) | EMSSA82-89 | (1) | EMSSA82-89 | (1) | ||||||
Disability |
IMSS-97 | (2) | IMSS-97 | (2) | IMSS-97 | (2) | ||||||
Normal retirement age |
60 years | 60 years | 60 years | |||||||||
Rest of employee turnover |
BMAR2007 | (3) | BMAR2007 | (3) | BMAR2007 | (3) |
(1) | EMSSA. Mexican Experience of Social Security |
(2) | IMSS. Mexican Experience of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social |
(3) | BMAR. Actuary experience |
F-34
Brazil |
2012 | 2011 | 2011 | |||||||||
Financial: |
||||||||||||
Discount rate used to calculate the defined benefit obligation |
9.30 | % | 9.70 | % | 9.70 | % | ||||||
Salary increase |
5.00 | % | 5.00 | % | 5.00 | % | ||||||
Future pension increases |
4.00 | % | 4.00 | % | 4.00 | % | ||||||
Biometric: |
||||||||||||
Disability |
IMSS-97 | (1) | IMSS-97 | (1) | IMSS-97 | (1) | ||||||
Mortality |
UP84 | (2) | UP84 | (2) | UP84 | (2) | ||||||
Normal retirement age |
65 years | 65 years | 65 years | |||||||||
Rest of employee turnover |
Brazil | Brazil | Brazil |
(1) | IMSS. Mexican Experience of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social |
(2) | UP84. Unisex mortality table |
Venezuela is a hyper-inflationary economy. The actuarial calculations for post-employment benefit (termination indemnity), as well as the associated cost for the period, were determined using the following long-term which are real assumptions (excluding inflation):
Venezuela |
December 31 2012 |
|||
Financial: |
||||
Discount rate used to calculate the defined benefit obligation |
1.50 | % | ||
Salary increase |
1.50 | % | ||
Biometric: |
||||
(1)Mortality |
EMSSA82-89 | |||
(2)Disability |
IMSS-97 | |||
Normal retirement age |
65 years | |||
Rest of employee turnover |
BMAR2007 | (3) |
(1) | EMSSA. Mexican Experience of Social Security |
(2) | IMSS. Mexican Experience of Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social |
(3) | BMAR. Actuary experience |
In Mexico the methodology used to determine the discount rate was the Yield or Internal Rate of Return (IRR) which involves a yield curve. In this case, the expected rates of each period were taken from a yield curve of Mexican Federal Government Treasury Bond (known as CETES in Mexico).
In Brazil the methodology used to determine the discount rate was the Yield or Internal Rate of Return (IRR) which involves a yield curve. In this case, the expected rates of each period were taken from a yield curve of fixed long term bonds of Federal Republic of Brazil.
In Venezuela the methodology used to determine the discount rate started with reference to the interest rate bonds of similar denomination issued by the Republic of Venezuela, with subsequent consideration of other economic assumptions appropriate for hyper-inflationary economy. Ultimately, the discount rates disclosed in the table below are calculated in real terms (without inflation).
In Mexico upon retirement, the Company purchases an annuity for senior executives, which will be paid according to the option chosen by the employee.
Based on these assumptions, the amounts of benefits expected to be paid out in the following years are as follows:
Pension and Retirement Plans |
Seniority Premiums |
Post- employment |
||||||||||
2013 |
Ps. | 219 | Ps. | 13 | Ps. | 37 | ||||||
2014 |
94 | 12 | 27 | |||||||||
2015 |
111 | 13 | 21 | |||||||||
2016 |
87 | 14 | 18 | |||||||||
2017 |
145 | 15 | 17 | |||||||||
2018 to 2022 |
854 | 102 | 79 |
F-35
16.2 Balances of the liabilities for post-employment and other non-current employee benefits
December 31 2012 |
December 31 2011 |
January 1 2011 |
||||||||||
Pension and Retirement Plans: |
||||||||||||
Vested benefit obligation |
Ps. | 800 | Ps. | 586 | Ps. | 569 | ||||||
Non-vested benefit obligation |
849 | 701 | 671 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Accumulated benefit obligation |
1,649 | 1,287 | 1,240 | |||||||||
Excess of projected defined benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation |
745 | 873 | 396 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Defined benefit obligation |
2,394 | 2,160 | 1,636 | |||||||||
Pension plan funds at fair value |
(1,113 | ) | (1,068 | ) | (774 | ) | ||||||
Effect due to asset ceiling |
105 | 127 | 199 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net defined benefit liability |
Ps. | 1,386 | Ps. | 1,219 | Ps. | 1,061 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Seniority Premiums: |
||||||||||||
Vested benefit obligation |
Ps. | 13 | Ps. | 7 | Ps. | 8 | ||||||
Non-vested benefit obligation |
142 | 81 | 57 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Accumulated benefit obligation |
155 | 88 | 65 | |||||||||
Excess of projected defined benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation |
71 | 79 | 30 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Defined benefit obligation |
226 | 167 | 95 | |||||||||
Seniority premium plan funds at fair value |
(18 | ) | (19 | ) | | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net defined benefit liability |
Ps. | 208 | Ps. | 148 | Ps. | 95 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Post-employment: |
||||||||||||
Vested benefit obligation |
Ps. | 36 | Ps. | | Ps. | | ||||||
Non-vested benefit obligation |
79 | | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Accumulated benefit obligation |
115 | | | |||||||||
Excess of projected defined benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation |
479 | | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Defined benefit obligation |
594 | | | |||||||||
Post-employment plan funds at fair value |
| | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net defined benefit liability |
Ps. | 594 | Ps. | | Ps. | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total post-employment and other non-current employee benefits |
Ps. | 2,188 | Ps. | 1,367 | Ps. | 1,156 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The net defined benefit liability of the pension and retirement plan includes an asset generated in Brazil (the following information is included in the consolidated information of the tables above), which is as follows:
Pension and retirement plans: |
||||||||||||
Vested benefit obligation |
Ps. | 193 | Ps. | 221 | Ps. | 162 | ||||||
Non-vested benefit obligation |
73 | 34 | 92 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Accumulated benefit obligation |
266 | 255 | 254 | |||||||||
Excess of projected defined benefit obligation over accumulated benefit obligation |
47 | 115 | 91 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Defined benefit obligation |
313 | 370 | 345 | |||||||||
Pension plan funds at fair value |
(589 | ) | (616 | ) | (595 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net defined benefit asset |
(276 | ) | (246 | ) | (250 | ) | ||||||
Effect due to asset ceiling |
105 | 127 | 199 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Net defined benefit asset after asset ceiling |
Ps. | (171 | ) | Ps. | (119 | ) | Ps. | (51 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.3 Trust assets
Trust assets consist of fixed and variable return financial instruments recorded at market value, which are invested as follows:
December 31 | December 31 | January 1 | ||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2011 | ||||||||||
Fixed return: |
||||||||||||
Traded securities |
10 | % | 2 | % | 1 | % | ||||||
Life annuities |
4 | % | 4 | % | 2 | % | ||||||
Bank instruments |
3 | % | 1 | % | 3 | % | ||||||
Federal government instruments |
60 | % | 80 | % | 76 | % | ||||||
Variable return: |
||||||||||||
Publicly traded shares |
23 | % | 13 | % | 8 | % | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-36
In Mexico, the regulatory framework for pension plans is established in the Income Tax Law and its Regulations, the Federal Labor Law and the Mexican Social Security Institute Law. None of these laws establish minimum funding levels or a minimum required level of contributions.
In Brazil, the regulatory framework for pension plans is established by the Brazilian Social Security Institute (INSS), which indicates that the contributions must be made by the company and the workers.
In Venezuela, the regulatory framework for post-employment benefits is established by the Organic Labor Law for Workers (LOTTT). The organic nature of this law means that its purpose is to defend constitutional rights, and therefore has precedence over other laws.
In Mexico, the Income Tax Law requires that, in the case of private plans, certain notifications must be submitted to the authorities and a certain level of instruments must be invested in the Federal Government, among others.
The Companys various pension plans have a technical committee that is responsible for verifying the correct operation of the plan with regard to the payment of benefits, actuarial valuations of the plan, and the monitoring and supervision of the trust beneficiary. The committee is responsible for determining the investment portfolio and the types of instruments the fund will be invested in. This technical committee is also responsible for reviewing the correct operation of the plan in all of the countries in which the Company has these benefits.
The risks related to the Companys employee benefit plans are primarily attributable to the plan assets. The Companys plan assets are invested in a diversified portfolio, which considers the term of the plan so as to invest in assets whose expected return coincides with the estimated future payments.
Since the Mexican Tax Law limits the plan asset investment to 10% for related parties, this risk is not considered to be significant for purposes of the Companys Mexican subsidiaries.
The Companys policy is to invest at least 30% of the fund assets in Mexican Federal Government instruments. Guidelines for the target portfolio have been established for the remaining percentage and investment decisions are made to comply with these guidelines insofar as the market conditions and available funds allow.
In Brazil, the investment target is to obtain the consumer price index (inflation), plus six percent. Investment decisions are made to comply with this guideline insofar as the market conditions and available funds allow.
On May 7, 2012, the President of Venezuela amended the Organic Law for Workers (LOTTT), which establishes a minimum level of social welfare benefits to which workers have a right when their labor relationship ends for whatever reason. This benefit is computed based on the last salary received by the worker and retroactive to June 19, 1997 for any employee who joined the Company prior to that date. For employees who joined the Company after June 19, 1997, the benefit is computed based on the date on which the employee joined the Company. An actuarial computation must be performed using the projected unit credit method to determine the amount of the labor obligations that arise. As a result of the initial calculation, there was an amount for Ps. 381 to other expenses caption in the consolidated statement of income reflecting past service costs (See Note 19).
In Mexico, the amounts and types of securities of the Company and related parties included in plan assets are as follows:
December 31 2012 |
December 31 2011 |
January 1 2011 |
||||||||||
Mexico |
||||||||||||
Portfolio: |
||||||||||||
Debt: |
||||||||||||
BBVA Bancomer, S.A. de C.V. |
Ps. | | Ps. | 17 | Ps. | | ||||||
Grupo Televisa, S.A.B. de C.V. |
3 | 3 | | |||||||||
Grupo Financiero Banorte, S.A.B. de C.V. |
8 | 7 | | |||||||||
Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C. V. |
| 2 | 2 | |||||||||
Grupo Industrial Bimbo, S.A.B. de C. V. |
3 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||
Grupo Financiero Banamex, S.A.B. de C.V. |
21 | | | |||||||||
El Puerto de Liverpool |
5 | | | |||||||||
Capital: |
||||||||||||
Fomento Económico Mexicano, S.A.B de C.V. |
1 | 1 | | |||||||||
Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C. V. |
8 | 5 | | |||||||||
Grupo Televisa, S.A.B. de C.V. |
10 | | | |||||||||
Grupo Aeroportuario del Sureste, S.A.B. de C.V. |
8 | | | |||||||||
Alfa, S.A.B. de C.V. |
5 | | |
F-37
In Brazil, the amounts and types of securities of the Company and related parties included in plan assets are as follows:
December 31 2012 |
December 31 2011 |
January 1 2011 |
||||||||||
Brazil |
||||||||||||
Portfolio: |
||||||||||||
Debt: |
||||||||||||
HSBC - Sociedad de inversión Atuarial INPC (Brazil) |
Ps. | 485 | Ps. | 509 | Ps. | 461 | ||||||
Capital: |
||||||||||||
HSBC - Sociedad de inversión Atuarial INPC (Brazil) |
104 | 107 | 134 |
During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company did not make significant contributions to the plan assets and does not expect to make material contributions to the plan assets during the following fiscal year.
16.4 Amounts recognized in the consolidated statements of income and the consolidated statement of comprehensive income
Statement of income | OCI | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2012 |
Current Service Cost |
Past Service Cost |
Gain or Loss on Settlement |
Net Interest on the Net Defined Benefit Liability |
Remeasurements of the Net Defined Benefit Liability net of taxes |
|||||||||||||||
Pension and retirement plans |
Ps. | 119 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 71 | Ps. | 174 | ||||||||||
Seniority premiums |
22 | | | 11 | 18 | |||||||||||||||
Post-employment |
49 | 381 | | 63 | 71 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total |
Ps. | 190 | Ps. | 381 | Ps. | | Ps. | 145 | Ps. | 263 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Statement of income | OCI | |||||||||||||||||||
December 31, 2011 |
Current Service Cost |
Past Service Cost |
Gain or Loss on Settlement |
Net Interest on the Net Defined Benefit Liability |
Remeasurements of the Net Defined Benefit Liability net of taxes |
|||||||||||||||
Pension and retirement plans |
Ps. | 103 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 82 | Ps. | 139 | ||||||||||
Seniority premiums |
15 | | | 8 | (1 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total |
Ps. | 118 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 90 | Ps. | 138 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, of service cost of Ps. 190 and Ps. 118 has been included in the consolidated statements of income as cost of goods sold, administration and selling expenses.
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability recognized in other comprehensive income are as follows:
December 31 2012 |
December 31 2011 |
|||||||
Amount accumulated in other comprehensive income as of the beginning of the period |
Ps. | 138 | Ps. | 132 | ||||
Recognized during the year (obligation liability and plan assets) |
99 | 67 | ||||||
Actuarial gains and losses arising from changes in financial assumptions |
48 | | ||||||
Changes in the effect of limiting a net defined benefit asset to the asset ceiling |
(9 | ) | (60 | ) | ||||
Foreign exchange rate valuation (gain) |
(13 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Amount accumulated in other comprehensive income as of the end of the period |
Ps. | 263 | Ps. | 138 | ||||
|
|
|
|
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability include the following:
| The return on plan assets, excluding amounts included in interest expense. |
| Actuarial gains and losses arising from changes in demographic assumptions. |
| Actuarial gains and losses arising from changes in financial assumptions. |
| Changes in the effect of limiting a net defined benefit asset to the asset ceiling, excluding amounts included in interest expense. |
F-38
16.5 Changes in the balance of the defined benefit obligation for post-employment and other non-current employee benefits
December 31 2012 |
December 31 2011 |
|||||||
Pension and Retirement Plans: |
||||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | 2,160 | Ps. | 1,636 | ||||
Current service cost |
119 | 103 | ||||||
Interest expense |
159 | 139 | ||||||
Actuarial gains or losses |
81 | 60 | ||||||
Foreign exchange (gain) loss |
(69 | ) | 49 | |||||
Benefits paid |
(87 | ) | (77 | ) | ||||
Acquisitions |
31 | 250 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ps. | 2,394 | Ps. | 2,160 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Seniority Premiums: |
||||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | 167 | Ps. | 95 | ||||
Current service cost |
22 | 15 | ||||||
Interest expense |
11 | 8 | ||||||
Actuarial gains or losses |
24 | (2 | ) | |||||
Benefits paid |
(12 | ) | (11 | ) | ||||
Acquisitions |
14 | 62 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ps. | 226 | Ps. | 167 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Post-employment: |
||||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | | Ps. | | ||||
Current service cost |
49 | | ||||||
Interest expense |
63 | | ||||||
Actuarial gains or losses |
108 | | ||||||
Foreign exchange (gain) loss |
(1 | ) | | |||||
Benefits paid |
(6 | ) | | |||||
Past service cost |
381 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ps. | 594 | Ps. | | |||||
|
|
|
|
16.6 Changes in the balance of trust assets
December 31 2012 |
December 31 2011 |
|||||||
Pension and retirement plans: |
||||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | 1,068 | Ps. | 774 | ||||
Actual return on trust assets |
100 | 40 | ||||||
Foreign exchange (gain) loss |
(91 | ) | 5 | |||||
Life annuities |
| 32 | ||||||
Benefits paid |
(12 | ) | (12 | ) | ||||
Acquisitions |
48 | 229 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Final Balance |
Ps. | 1,113 | Ps. | 1,068 | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Seniority premiums |
||||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | 19 | Ps. | | ||||
Actual return on trust assets |
(1 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Acquisitions |
| 20 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Final Balance |
Ps. | 18 | Ps. | 19 | ||||
|
|
|
|
As a result of the Companys investments in life annuities plan, management does not expect it will need to make subsequent contributions to the trust assets in order to meet its future obligations.
16.7 Variation in assumptions
The Company decided that the relevant actuarial assumptions that are subject to sensitivity and valuated through the projected unit credit method, are the discount rate and the salary increase rate. The reasons for choosing these assumptions are as follows:
| Discount rate: The rate that determines the value of the obligations over time. |
| Salary increase rate: The rate that considers the salary increase which implies an increase in the benefit payable. |
F-39
The following table presents the impact in absolute terms of a variation of 1% in the significant actuarial assumptions on the net defined benefit liability associated with the Companys defined benefit plans:
+1%: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Discount rate used to calculate the defined benefit obligation and the net |
Current Service Cost |
Past Service Cost |
Gain or Loss on Settlement |
Net Interest on the Net Defined Benefit Liability |
Remeasurements of the Net Defined Benefit Liability |
|||||||||||||||
Pension and retirement plans |
Ps. | 103 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 64 | Ps. | (2 | ) | |||||||||
Seniority premiums |
20 | | | 11 | 2 | |||||||||||||||
Post-employment |
34 | 320 | | 52 | 15 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total |
Ps. | 157 | Ps. | 320 | Ps. | | Ps. | 127 | Ps. | 15 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected salary increase |
Current Service Cost |
Past Service Cost |
Net Interest on the Net defined Benefit Liability |
Remeasurements of the Net Defined Benefit Liability |
||||||||||||
Pension and retirement plans |
Ps. | 138 | Ps. | | Ps. | 90 | Ps. | 447 | ||||||||
Seniority premiums |
25 | | 14 | 47 | ||||||||||||
Post-employment |
58 | 511 | 85 | 301 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
Ps. | 221 | Ps. | 511 | Ps. | 189 | Ps. | 795 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-1%: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Discount rate used to calculate the defined benefit obligation and the net |
Current Service Cost |
Past Service Cost |
Gain or Loss on Settlement |
Net Interest on the Net Defined Benefit Liability |
Remeasurements of the Net Defined Benefit Liability |
|||||||||||||||
Pension and retirement plans |
Ps. | 141 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 83 | Ps. | 508 | ||||||||||
Seniority premiums |
25 | | | 12 | 46 | |||||||||||||||
Post-employment |
51 | 459 | | 76 | 225 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total |
Ps. | 217 | Ps. | 459 | Ps. | | Ps. | 171 | Ps. | 779 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected salary increase |
Current Service Cost |
Past Service Cost |
Net Interest on the Net defined Benefit Liability |
Remeasurements of the Net Defined Benefit Liability |
||||||||||||
Pension and retirement plans |
Ps. | 105 | Ps. | | Ps. | 62 | Ps. | 61 | ||||||||
Seniority premiums |
19 | 10 | 1 | |||||||||||||
Post-employment |
29 | 280 | 45 | (44 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total |
Ps. | 153 | Ps. | 280 | Ps. | 117 | Ps. | 18 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16.8 Employee benefits expense
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, employee benefits expenses recognized in the consolidated statements of income are as follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Included in cost of goods sold: |
||||||||
Wages and salaries |
Ps. | 4,590 | Ps. | 3,733 | ||||
Social security costs |
603 | 475 | ||||||
Pension and seniority premium costs (Note 16.4) |
43 | 35 | ||||||
Share-based payment expense (Note 17.2) |
7 | 2 | ||||||
Included in selling and distribution expenses: |
||||||||
Wages and salaries |
8,417 | 7,783 | ||||||
Social security costs |
1,210 | 1,018 | ||||||
Pension and seniority premium costs (Note 16.4) |
47 | 27 | ||||||
Share-based payment expense (Note 17.2) |
9 | 4 | ||||||
Included in administrative expenses: |
||||||||
Wages and salaries |
5,877 | 5,033 | ||||||
Social security costs |
462 | 436 | ||||||
Pension and seniority premium costs (Note 16.4) |
51 | 56 | ||||||
Post-employment benefits other (Note 16.4) |
49 | | ||||||
Share-based payment expense (Note 17.2) |
165 | 115 | ||||||
Included in other expenses: |
||||||||
Post-employment (Note 16) |
381 | | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total employee benefits expense |
Ps. | 21,911 | Ps. | 18,717 | ||||
|
|
|
|
F-40
note 17. Bonus Programs
17.1 Quantitative and qualitative objectives
The bonus program for executives is based on complying with certain goals established annually by management, which include quantitative and qualitative objectives and special projects.
The quantitative objectives represent approximately 50% of the bonus, and are based on the Economic Value Added (EVA) methodology. The objective established for the executives at each entity is based on a combination of the EVA generated per entity and by our Company and the EVA generated by our parent Company (FEMSA). The qualitative objectives and special projects represent the remaining 50% of the annual bonus and are based on the critical success factors established at the beginning of the year for each executive.
The bonus amount is determined based on each eligible participants level of responsibility and based on the EVA generated by the applicable business unit the employee works for. This formula is established by considering the level of responsibility within the organization, the employees evaluation and competitive compensation in the market.
The incentive plan target is expressed in months of salary, and the final amount payable is computed based on a percentage of compliance with the goals established every year. The bonuses are recorded as a part of the income statement and are paid in cash the following year. During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 the bonus expense recorded amounted to Ps 375 and Ps. 599, respectively.
17.2 Share-based payment bonus plan
The Company has a stock incentive plan for the benefit of its executive officers. This plan uses as its main evaluation metric the Economic Value Added, or EVA. Under the EVA stock incentive plan, eligible executive officers are entitled to receive a special annual bonus (fixed amount), to purchase FEMSA and Coca-Cola FEMSA shares or options, based on the executives responsibility in the organization, their business EVA result achieved, and their individual performance. The acquired shares or options are deposited in a trust, and the executives may access them one year after they are vested at 20% per year. The 50% of Coca-Cola FEMSAs annual executive bonus is to be used to purchase FEMSA shares or options and the remaining 50% to purchase Coca-Cola FEMSA shares or options. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011, no stock options have been granted to employees.
The special bonus is granted to the eligible employee on an annual basis and after withholding applicable taxes. The Company contributes the individual employees special bonus (after taxes) in cash to the Administrative Trust (which is controlled and consolidated by FEMSA), which then uses the funds to purchase FEMSA and Coca-Cola FEMSA shares (as instructed by the Corporate Practices Committee), which are then allocated to such employee.
Coca-Cola FEMSA accounts for its share-based payment bonus plan as an equity-settled share based payment transaction, since it is its parent company, FEMSA, who ultimately grants and settles with shares these obligations due to executives.
At December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011, the shares granted under the Company´s executive incentive plans are as follows:
Number of shares | ||||||||||
Incentive Plan |
FEMSA | KOF | Vesting period | |||||||
2005 |
177,185 | 391,660 | 2006-2010 | |||||||
2006 |
169,445 | 497,075 | 2007-2011 | |||||||
2007 |
290,880 | 819,430 | 2008-2012 | |||||||
2008 |
1,901,108 | 1,267,490 | 2009-2013 | |||||||
2009 |
1,888,680 | 1,340,790 | 2010-2014 | |||||||
2010 |
1,456,065 | 1,037,610 | 2011-2015 | |||||||
2011 |
968,440 | 656,400 | 2012-2016 | |||||||
2012 |
956,685 | 741,245 | 2013-2017 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
7,808,488 | 6,751,700 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the total expense recognized for the period arising from share-based payment transactions, using the grant date model, was of Ps.181 and Ps.122, respectively.
As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011, the asset recorded by Coca-Cola FEMSA in its consolidated statements of financial position amounted to Ps. 306, Ps. 226 and Ps. 208, respectively, see Note 13.
F-41
note 18. Bank Loans and Notes Payables
Carrying Value at December 31, (1) | Carrying Value 2012 |
Fair Value
at December 31, 2012 |
Carrying Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions of Mexican pesos) |
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 and Thereafter |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current debt: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed rate debt: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Argentine pesos |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans |
Ps. | 291 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 291 | Ps. | 291 | Ps. | 325 | Ps. | 507 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
19.2 | % | | | | | | 19.2 | % | 19.2 | % | 14.9 | % | 15.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligation under finance leases |
| | | | | | | | 18 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
| | | | | | | | 6.9 | % | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brazilian reais |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes payable |
| | | | | | | | | 36 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
| | | | | | | | | Various | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable rate debt: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colombian pesos |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans |
| | | | | | | | 295 | 1,072 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
| | | | | | | | 6.8 | % | 4.4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans |
3,903 | | | | | | 3,903 | 3,899 | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
0.6 | % | | | | | | 0.6 | % | 0.6 | % | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total current debt |
Ps. | 4,194 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 4,194 | Ps. | 4,190 | Ps. | 638 | Ps. | 1,615 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Non-current debt: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fixed rate debt: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Argentine pesos |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans |
Ps. | 180 | Ps. | 336 | Ps. | 13 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 529 | Ps. | 514 | Ps. | 595 | Ps. | 684 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
18.7 | 20.7 | % | 15.0 | | | | 19.9 | % | 19.9 | % | 16.4 | % | 16.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brazilian reais |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans |
9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 20 | 65 | 60 | 82 | 81 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||
Obligation under finance leases |
4 | 4 | 3 | | | | 11 | 11 | 17 | 21 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | | | | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | 4.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
U.S. dollars |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Yankee Bond |
| | | | | 6,458 | 6,458 | 7,351 | 6,938 | 6,121 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
| | | | | 4.6 | % | 4.6 | % | 4.6 | % | 4.6 | % | 4.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligation under finance leases |
| | | | | | | | | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
| | | | | | | | | 3.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic senior |
| | | | | 2,495 | 2,495 | 2,822 | 2,495 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
| | | | | 8.3 | % | 8.3 | % | 8.3 | % | 8.3 | % | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
193 | 349 | 25 | 9 | 9 | 8,973 | 9,558 | 10,758 | 10,127 | 6,911 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-42
Carrying Value at December 31, (1) | Carrying Value 2012 |
Fair Value
at December 31, 2012 |
Carrying Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(In millions of |
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 and Thereafter |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Variable rate debt: U.S. dollars |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans |
195 | 2,600 | 5,195 | | | | 7,990 | 8,008 | 251 | 222 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
0.6 | % | 0.9 | % | 0.9 | % | | | | 0.9 | % | 0.9 | % | 0.7 | % | 0.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Mexican pesos |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Domestic senior notes |
| | | 2,511 | | | 2,511 | 2,500 | 5,501 | 3,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
| | | 5.0 | % | | | 5.0 | % | 5.0 | % | 4.8 | % | 4.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans |
266 | 1,370 | 2,744 | | | | 4,380 | 4,430 | 4,392 | 4,341 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
5.1 | % | 5.1 | % | 5.1 | % | | | | 5.1 | % | 5.1 | % | 5.0 | % | 5.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Argentine pesos |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans |
106 | | | | | | 106 | 106 | 130 | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
22.9 | % | | | | | | 22.9 | % | 22.9 | % | 27.3 | % | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Brazilian reais |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligation under finance leases |
| | | | | | | | | 1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Colombian pesos |
| | | | | | | | | Various | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans |
| 990 | | | | | 990 | 990 | 936 | 995 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
| 6.8 | % | | | | | 6.8 | % | 6.8 | % | 6.1 | % | 4.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Obligation under finance leases |
185 | | | | | 185 | 186 | 386 | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate |
6.8 | % | | | | | 6.8 | % | 6.8 | % | 6.6 | % | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Subtotal |
752 | 4,960 | 7,939 | 2,511 | | | 16,162 | 16,220 | 11,596 | 8,559 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total non-current debt |
945 | 5,309 | 7,964 | 2,520 | 9 | 8,973 | 25,720 | 26,978 | 21,723 | 15,470 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of non-current debt |
945 | | | | | | 945 | | 4,902 | 225 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Total non-current debt |
Ps. | | Ps. | 5,309 | Ps. | 7,964 | Ps. | 2,520 | Ps. | 9 | Ps. | 8,973 | Ps. | 24,775 | Ps. | 26,978 | Ps. | 16,821 | Ps. | 15,245 | ||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | All interest rates shown in this table are weighted average contractual annual rates. |
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the interest expense related to the bank loans and notes payable is comprised as follows and included in the consolidated statement of income under the interest expense caption:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Interest on debts and borrowings |
Ps. | 1,603 | Ps. | 1,497 | ||||
Finance charges payable under finance leases |
21 | 13 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ps. | 1,624 | Ps. | 1,510 | |||||
|
|
|
|
Coca-Cola FEMSA has the following domestic senior notes: a) issued in the Mexican stock exchange: i) Ps. 2,500 (nominal amount) with a maturity date in 2016 and a variable interest rate and ii) Ps. 2,500 (nominal amount) with a maturity date in 2021 and fixed interest rate of 8.3%; b) issued in the NYSE a Yankee Bond of $500 with interest at a fixed rate of 4.6% and maturity date on February 15, 2020. Propimex, S. de R.L. de C.V. (subsidiary) guaranteed these notes. Presented in Note 29 is supplemental subsidiary guarantor consolidating financial information.
During 2012, Coca-Cola FEMSA contracted the following bilateral Bank loans denominated in U.S. dollars: i) $300 (nominal amount) with a maturity date in 2013 and variable interest rate, ii) $200 (nominal amount) with a maturity date in 2014 and variable interest rate and $400 (nominal amount) with a maturity date in 2015 and variable interest rate.
The Company has financing from different institutions under agreements that stipulate different restrictions and covenants, which mainly consist of maximum levels of leverage and capitalization as well as minimum consolidated net worth and debt and interest coverage ratios. As of the date of these consolidated financial statements, the Company was in compliance with all restrictions and covenants contained in its financing agreements.
F-43
note 19. Other Income and Expenses
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Other income: |
||||||||
Gain on sale of long-lived assets |
Ps. | 293 | Ps. | 376 | ||||
Cancellation of contingencies |
76 | 72 | ||||||
Other |
176 | 237 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ps. | 545 | Ps. | 685 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Other expenses: |
||||||||
Provisions for contingencies from past acquisitions |
Ps. | 157 | Ps. | 175 | ||||
Loss on the retirement of long-lived assets |
14 | 625 | ||||||
Loss on sale of long-lived assets |
194 | 411 | ||||||
Other taxes from Colombia |
5 | 180 | ||||||
Severance payments |
342 | 236 | ||||||
Donations |
148 | 120 | ||||||
Effect of new labor law in Venezuela (LOTTT) (See Note 16) (1) |
381 | | ||||||
Other |
256 | 313 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ps. | 1,497 | Ps. | 2,060 | |||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | This amount relates to the past service cost related to post-employment by Ps. 381 as a result of the effect of the change in LOTTT and it is included in the consolidated income statement under the Other expenses caption. |
note 20. Financial Instruments
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
The Company uses a three-level fair value hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used to measure the fair value of its financial instruments. The three input levels are described as follows:
| Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. |
| Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. |
| Level 3: are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Unobservable inputs shall be used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. |
The Company measures the fair value of its financial assets and liabilities classified as level 2, applying the income approach method, which estimates the fair value based on expected cash flows discounted to net present value. The following table summarizes the Companys financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value, as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011:
December 31, 2012 | December 31, 2011 | January 1, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 1 | Level 2 | Level 1 | Level 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
Derivative financial instrument (asset) |
Ps. | | Ps. | 123 | Ps. | | Ps. | 345 | Ps. | | Ps. | 15 | ||||||||||||
Derivative financial instrument (liability) |
Ps. | 200 | Ps. | 208 | Ps. | | Ps. | 431 | Ps. | | Ps. | 513 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Trust assets of labor obligations |
Ps. | 1,131 | Ps. | | Ps. | 1,087 | Ps. | | Ps. | 774 | Ps. | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||
Marketable securities |
Ps. | 12 | Ps. | | Ps. | 330 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company has no assets or liabilities classified as level 3 for fair value measurement.
Other Current Financial Assets
December 31, | December 31, | January 1, | ||||||||||
2012 | 2011 | 2011 | ||||||||||
Restricted cash (1) |
Ps. | 1,465 | Ps. | 488 | Ps. | 394 | ||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
58 | 345 | 15 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Ps. | 1,523 | Ps. | 833 | Ps. | 409 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, the Company has restricted cash as collateral against accounts payable in different currencies as follows: |
F-44
Restricted cash
The Company has pledged part of its short-term deposits in order to fulfill the collateral requirements for the accounts payable in different currencies. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, the fair value of the short-term deposit pledged were:
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January
1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Venezuelan bolivars |
Ps. | 1,141 | Ps. | 324 | Ps. | 143 | ||||||
Brazilian reais |
183 | 164 | 249 | |||||||||
Argentinian pesos Colombian pesos |
|
141 |
|
|
|
|
|
2 |
| |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Ps. | 1,465 | Ps. | 488 | Ps. | 394 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Other non-current financial assets | ||||||||||||
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January
1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Non-current accounts receivable to Compañía Panameña de Bebidas, S.A.P.I. S.A. de C.V., due 2021 |
Ps.828 | Ps.825 | Ps. | |||||||||
Non-current accounts receivable |
32 | 20 | 15 | |||||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
65 | | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Ps.925 | Ps.845 | Ps.15 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Other current financial liabilities | ||||||||||||
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Sundry creditors |
Ps.1,071 | Ps. 1,025 | Ps. 974 | |||||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
200 | 5 | 17 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Ps. 1,271 | Ps. 1,030 | Ps. 991 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Other non-current financial liabilities | ||||||||||||
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
Ps. 208 | Ps. 426 | Ps. 496 | |||||||||
Security deposits |
268 | 291 | 238 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Ps. 476 | Ps. 717 | 734 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
20.1 Total debt
The fair value of bank and syndicated loans is calculated based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows whereby the discount rate is estimated using rates currently offered for debt of similar amounts and maturities, which is considered to be level 2 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the Company´s publicly traded debt is based on quoted market prices as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, which is considered to be level 1 in the fair value hierarchy (See Note 18).
20.2 Interest rate swaps
The Company uses interest rate swaps to offset the interest rate risk associated with its borrowings, pursuant to which it pays amounts based on a fixed rate and receives amounts based on a floating rate. These instruments have been designated as cash flow hedges and are recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position at their estimated fair value. The fair value is estimated using formal technical models, the valuation method involves discounting to present value the expected cash flows of interest, calculated from the rate curve of the cash foreign currency, and expresses the net result in the reporting currency. Changes in fair value are recorded in cumulative other comprehensive income until such time as the hedged amount is recorded in the consolidated income statements of income.
At December 31, 2012, the Company has the following outstanding interest rate swap agreements:
Fair Value | ||||||||||||
Notional | (Liability) | Asset | ||||||||||
Maturity Date |
Amount | Dec.31, 2012 | ||||||||||
2013 |
Ps. | 1,287 | Ps. | (8 | ) | Ps. | 5 | |||||
2014 |
575 | (33 | ) | 2 | ||||||||
2015 |
1,963 | (160 | ) | 5 |
F-45
At December 31, 2011, the Company has the following outstanding interest rate swap agreements:
Fair Value | ||||||||||||
Notional | (Liability) | Asset | ||||||||||
Maturity Date |
Amount | Dec.31, 2011 | ||||||||||
2012 |
Ps. | 1,600 | Ps. | (16 | ) | Ps. | 4 | |||||
2013 |
1,312 | (43 | ) | | ||||||||
2014 |
575 | (45 | ) | 2 | ||||||||
2015 to 2018 |
1,963 | (189 | ) | 5 |
The net effect of expired contracts treated as hedges are recognized as interest expense within the consolidated statements of income.
20.3 Forward agreements to purchase foreign currency
The Company has entered into forward agreements to reduce its exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations between the Mexican peso and other currencies.
These instruments have been designated as cash flow hedges and are recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position at their estimated fair value which is determined based on prevailing market exchange rates to end the contracts at the end of the period. The price agreed in the instrument is compared to the current price of the market forward currency and is discounted to present value of the rate curve of the relevant currency. Changes in the fair value of these forwards are recorded as part of cumulative other comprehensive income net of taxes. Net gain/loss on expired contracts is recognized as part of foreign exchange in the consolidated statements of income.
Net changes in the fair value of forward agreements that do not meet hedging criteria for hedge accounting are recorded in the consolidated statements of income under the caption market value gain/(loss) on financial instruments.
At December 31, 2012, the Company had the following outstanding forward agreements to purchase foreign currency:
Maturity Date |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value Asset Dec.31, 2012 |
||||||
2013 |
Ps. | 1,118 | Ps. | 11 |
At December 31, 2011, the Company had the following outstanding forward agreements to purchase foreign currency:
Maturity Date |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value Asset Dec.31, 2011 |
||||||
2012 |
Ps. | 1,161 | Ps. | 33 |
20.4 Options to purchase foreign currency
The Company has entered into a collar strategy to reduce its exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations. A collar is a strategy that limits the exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations in a similar way as a forward agreement.
These instruments have been designated as cash flow hedges and are recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position at their estimated fair value which is determined based on prevailing market exchange rates to terminate the contracts at the end of the period. They are valued based on the Black & Scholes model, doing a split in the intrinsic and extrinsic value. Changes in the fair value of these options, corresponding to the intrinsic value are initially recorded as part of cumulative other comprehensive income, net of assets. Changes in the fair value, corresponding to the extrinsic value are recorded in the consolidated statements of income under the caption market value gain/ (loss) on financial instruments, as part of the consolidated net income. Net gain/(loss) on expired contracts is recognized as part of cost of goods sold.
At December 31, 2012, the Company had the following outstanding collars to purchase foreign currency (composed of a call and a put option with different strike levels with the same notional amount and maturity):
Maturity Date |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value Asset Dec.31, 2012 |
||||||
2013 |
Ps. | 982 | Ps. | 47 |
At December 31, 2011, the Company had the following outstanding collars to purchase foreign currency (composed of a call and a put option with different strike levels with the same notional amount and maturity):
Maturity Date |
Notional Amount |
Fair Value Asset Dec.31, 2011 |
||||||
2012 |
Ps. | 1,901 | Ps. | 301 |
F-46
20.5 Cross-currency swaps
The Company has contracted for a number of cross-currency swaps to reduce its exposure to risks of exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations associated with its borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars and other foreign currencies. These instruments are recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position at their estimated fair value which is estimated using formal technical models. The valuation method involves discounting to present value the expected cash flows of interest, calculated from the rate curve of the cash foreign currency, and expresses the net result in the reporting currency. These contracts are designated as financial instruments at fair value through profit or loss. The fair values changes related to those cross currency swaps are recorded under the caption market value gain/(loss) on financial instruments, net of changes related to the non-current liability, within the consolidated statements of income.
At December 31, 2012, the Company had the following outstanding cross currency swap agreements:
Fair Value | ||||||||||||
Notional | (Liability) | Asset | ||||||||||
Maturity Date |
Amount | Dec.31, 2012 | ||||||||||
2014 |
Ps. | 2,553 | Ps. | (7 | ) | Ps. | 53 |
At December 31, 2011, the Company had the following outstanding cross currency swap agreements:
Fair Value | ||||||||
Maturity Date |
Notional Amount |
(Liability) Dec.31, 2011 |
||||||
2012 |
Ps. | 357 | Ps. | (131 | ) |
20.6 Commodity price contracts
The Company has entered into various commodity price contracts to reduce its exposure to the risk of fluctuation in the costs of certain raw material. These instruments have been designated as cash flow hedges and are recognized in the consolidated statement of financial position at their estimated fair value based on the market valuations to end the contracts at the closing date of the period. Commodity price contracts are valued by the Company, based on publicly quoted prices in futures market of Intercontinental Exchange. Changes in the fair value were recorded as part of cumulative other comprehensive income, net of taxes.
The fair value of expired commodity price contract was recorded in cost of sales where the hedged item was recorded.
At December 31, 2012, the Company had the following sugar price contracts:
Fair Value | ||||||||
Maturity Date |
Notional Amount |
(Liability) Dec.31, 2012 |
||||||
2013 |
Ps. | 1,567 | Ps. | (151 | ) | |||
2014 |
856 | (34 | ) | |||||
2015 |
213 | (10 | ) |
At December 31, 2012, the Company had the following aluminum price contracts:
Fair Value | ||||||||
Maturity Date |
Notional Amount |
(Liability) Dec.31, 2012 |
||||||
2013 |
Ps. | 335 | Ps. | (5 | ) |
At December 31, 2011, the Company had the following commodity price contracts:
Fair Value | ||||||||
Maturity Date |
Notional Amount |
(Liability) Dec.31, 2011 |
||||||
2012 |
Ps. | 427 | Ps. | (14 | ) | |||
2013 |
327 | (5 | ) |
F-47
20.7 Net effects of expired contracts that met hedging criteria
Type of Derivatives |
Impact in Consolidated Income |
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Interest rate swaps |
Interest expense | Ps. | 147 | Ps. | 120 | |||||
Commodity price contracts |
Cost of goods sold | (6 | ) | (257 | ) |
20.8 Net effect of changes in fair value of derivative financial instruments that did not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes
Type of Derivatives |
Impact in Consolidated Income Statement |
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Options to purchase foreign currency |
Market value gain (loss) on financial instruments | Ps. | 30 | Ps. | (6 | ) | ||||
Cross-currency swaps |
Market value gain (loss) on financial instruments | | (95 | ) |
20.9 Net effect of expired contracts that did not meet the hedging criteria for accounting purposes
Type of Derivatives |
Impact in Consolidated Income |
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Options to purchase foreign currency |
Cost of goods sold | Ps. | (1 | ) | Ps. | | ||||
Cross-currency swaps |
Market value gain (loss) on financial instruments | (43 | ) | 239 |
20.10 Market risk
The Companys activities expose it primarily to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and commodity prices. The Company enters into a variety of derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to foreign currency risk, and commodity prices risk including:
| Forward Agreements to Purchase Foreign Currency in order to reduce its exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations. |
| Cross-Currency Swaps in order to reduce its exposure to the risk of exchange rate fluctuations. |
| Commodity price contracts in order to reduce its exposure to the risk of fluctuation in the costs of certain raw materials. |
The Company tracks the fair value (mark to market) of its derivative financial instruments and its possible changes using scenario analyses.
The following disclosures provide a sensitivity analysis of the market risks, management considered to be reasonably possible at the end of the reporting period, which the Company is exposed to as it relates to foreign exchange rates and commodity prices, which it considers in its existing hedging strategy:
Forward Agreements to Purchase Foreign Currency |
Change in U.S.$ Rate |
Effect on Equity |
Effect on Profit or Loss |
|||||||||
2012 |
(11 | %) | Ps. | (122 | ) | Ps. | | |||||
2011 |
(15 | %) | Ps. | (94 | ) | Ps. | (53 | ) | ||||
Options to Purchase Foreign Currency |
Change in U.S.$ Rate |
Effect on Equity |
Effect on Profit or Loss |
|||||||||
2012 |
(11 | %) | Ps. | (82 | ) | Ps. | | |||||
2011 |
(15 | %) | Ps. | (258 | ) | Ps. | | |||||
Interest Rate Swaps |
Change in U.S.$ Rate |
Effect on Equity |
Effect on Profit or Loss |
|||||||||
2012 |
(50 | %) | Ps. | (28 | ) | Ps. | | |||||
2011 |
(50 | %) | Ps. | (69 | ) | Ps. | | |||||
Cross Currency Swaps |
Change in U.S.$ Rate |
Effect on Equity |
Effect on Profit or Loss |
|||||||||
2012 |
(11 | %) | Ps. | (234 | ) | Ps. | | |||||
2011 |
(15 | %) | Ps | | Ps. | (74 | ) |
F-48
Sugar Price Contracts |
Change in U.S.$ Rate |
Effect
on Equity |
Effect
on Profit or Loss |
|||||||||
2012 |
(30 | %) | Ps. | (732 | ) | Ps. | | |||||
2011 |
(40 | %) | Ps. | (294 | ) | Ps. | | |||||
Alluminum Price Contracts |
Change in U.S.$ Rate |
Effect on Equity |
Effect on Profit or Loss |
|||||||||
2012 |
(20 | %) | Ps. | (66 | ) | Ps. | |
20.11 Interest rate risk
The Company is exposed to interest rate risk because it and its subsidiaries borrow funds at both fixed and variable interest rates. The risk is managed by the Company by maintaining an appropriate mix between fixed and variable rate borrowings, and by the use of the different derivative financial instruments. Hedging activities are evaluated regularly to align with interest rate views and defined risk appetite, ensuring the most cost-effective hedging strategies are applied.
The following disclosures provide a sensitivity analysis of the interest rate risks, management considered to be reasonably possible at the end of the reporting period, which the Company is exposed to as it relates to its fixed and floating rate borrowings, which considers its existing hedging strategy:
Interest Rate Risk |
Change in U.S.$ Rate |
Effect on Equity |
Effect on Profit or Loss |
|||||||||
2012 |
+100 bps | Ps. | | Ps. | (74 | ) | ||||||
2011 |
+100 bps | Ps. | | Ps. | (92 | ) |
20.12 Liquidity risk
The Companys principal source of liquidity has generally been cash generated from its operations. A significant majority of the Companys sales are on a short-term credit basis. The Company has traditionally been able to rely on cash generated from operations to fund its capital requirements and its capital expenditures. The Companys working capital benefits from the fact that most of its sales are made on a cash basis, while it´s generally pays its suppliers on credit. In recent periods, the Company has mainly used cash generated operations to fund acquisitions. The Company has also used a combination of borrowings from Mexican and international banks and issuances in the Mexican and international capital markets.
Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Companys board of directors, which has established an appropriate liquidity risk management framework for the evaluation of the Companys short-, medium- and long-term funding and liquidity requirements. The Company manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves and banking facilities, by continuously monitoring forecasted and actual cash flows and by maintaining a conservative debt maturity profile.
The Company has access to credit from national and international bank institutions in order to face treasury needs; besides, the Company has the highest rating for Mexican companies (AAA) given by independent rating agencies, allowing the Company to evaluate capital markets in case it needs resources.
As part of the Companys financing policy, management expects to continue financing its liquidity needs with cash from operations. Nonetheless, as a result of regulations in certain countries in which the Company operates, it may not be beneficial or, as in the case of exchange controls in Venezuela, practicable to remit cash generated in local operations to fund cash requirements in other countries. Exchange controls like those in Venezuela may also increase the real price of remitting cash from operations to fund debt requirements in other countries. In the event that cash from operations in these countries is not sufficient to fund future working capital requirements and capital expenditures, management may decide, or be required, to fund cash requirements in these countries through local borrowings rather than remitting funds another country. In addition, the Companys liquidity in Venezuela could be affected by changes in the rules applicable to exchange rates as well as other regulations, such as exchange controls. In the future management may finance our working capital and capital expenditure needs with short-term or other borrowings.
The Companys management continuously evaluates opportunities to pursue acquisitions or engage in strategic transactions. The Company would expect to finance any significant future transactions with a combination of cash from operations, long-term indebtedness and capital stock.
See Note 18 for a disclosure of the Companys maturity dates associated with its non-current financial liabilities as of December 31, 2012.
The following table reflects all contractually fixed and variable pay-offs for settlement, repayments and interest resulting from recognized financial liabilities. It includes expected gross cash outflows from derivative financial liabilities that are in place as per December 31, 2012.
F-49
Such expected net cash outflows are determined based on each particular settlement date of an instrument. The amounts disclosed are undiscounted net cash outflows for the respective upcoming fiscal years, based on the earliest date on which the Company could be required to pay. Cash outflows for financial liabilities (including interest) without fixed amount or timing are based on economic conditions (like interest rates and foreign exchange rates) existing at December 31, 2012.
(In millions of Ps) |
2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 and thereafter |
||||||||||||||||||
Non-derivative financial liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Notes and bonds |
Ps. | 619 | Ps. | 619 | Ps. | 619 | Ps. | 3,049 | Ps. | 498 | Ps. | 10,260 | ||||||||||||
Loans from banks |
5,445 | 5,683 | 8,157 | 10 | 10 | 22 | ||||||||||||||||||
Obligations under finance leases |
195 | 4 | 3 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Derivatives financial liabilities |
184 | 76 | 68 | | | |
The Company generally makes payments associated with its non-current financial liabilities with cash generated from its operations.
20.13 Credit risk
Credit risk refers to the risk that counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Company. The Company has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties, where appropriate, as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults. The Company only transacts with entities that are rated the equivalent of investment grade and above. This information is supplied by independent rating agencies where available and, if not available, the Company uses other publicly available financial information and its own trading records to rate its major customers. The Companys exposure and the credit ratings of its counterparties are continuously monitored and the aggregate value of transactions is spread amongst approved counterparties.
The Company has a high receivable turnover; hence management believes credit risk is minimal due to the nature of its businesses, which have a large portion of their sales settled in cash.
The credit risk on liquid funds and derivative financial instruments is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit-ratings assigned by international credit-rating agencies.
The Company manages the credit risk related to its derivative portfolio by only entering into transactions with reputable and credit-worthy counterparties as well as by maintaining a Credit Support Annex (CSA) that establishes margin requirements. As of December 31, 2012, the Company concluded that the maximum exposure to credit risk related with derivative financial instruments is not significant given the high credit rating of its counterparties.
note 21. Non-Controlling Interest in Consolidated Subsidiaries
An analysis of Coca-Cola FEMSAs non-controlling interest in its consolidated subsidiaries for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011 is as follows:
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
México |
Ps. | 2,782 | Ps. | 2,568 | (1) | Ps. | 2,114 | |||||
Colombia |
24 | 21 | 20 | |||||||||
Brazil |
373 | 464 | 426 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Ps. | 3,179 | Ps. | 3,053 | Ps. | 2,560 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) | Changes compared to the prior year resulted from the acquisitions of Grupo Tampico and CIMSA (see Note 4). |
The changes in the Coca-Cola FEMSAs non-controlling interest were as follows:
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||
Initial balance |
Ps.3,053 | Ps.2,560 | ||||||
Net income of non controlling interest |
565 | 551 | ||||||
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations |
(307 | ) | | |||||
Remeasurements of the net defined employee benefit liability |
6 | 8 | ||||||
Valuation of the effective portion of derivative financial instruments, net of taxes |
(22 | ) | (30 | ) | ||||
Acquisitions effects |
(7 | ) | (28 | ) | ||||
Dividends |
(109 | ) | (8 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ending balance |
Ps.3,179 | Ps.3,053 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
F-50
Non-controlling cumulative translation adjustment is comprised as follows:
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations |
Ps. | (307 | ) | Ps. | | |||
Remeasurement of the net defined employee benefit liability |
6 | 8 | ||||||
Valuation of the effective portion of derivative financial instruments, net of taxes |
(22 | ) | (30 | ) | ||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ps. | (323 | ) | Ps. | (22 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
note 22. Equity
22.1 Equity accounts
As of December 31, 2012, the capital stock of Coca-Cola FEMSA is represented by 2,030,544,304 common shares, with no par value. Fixed capital stock is Ps. 821 (nominal value) and variable capital is unlimited.
The characteristics of the common shares are as follows:
| Series A and series D shares are ordinary, have unlimited voting rights, are subject to transfer restrictions, and at all times must represent a minimum of 75% of subscribed capital stock; |
| Series A shares may only be acquired by Mexican individuals and may not represent less than 51% of the ordinary shares. |
| Series D shares have no foreign ownership restrictions and may not represent more than 49% of the ordinary shares. |
| Series L shares have no foreign ownership restrictions and have limited voting rights and other corporate rights. |
As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, the number of each share series representing Coca-Cola FEMSAs capital stock is comprised as follows:
Thousands of Shares | ||||||||||||
Series of shares |
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1 2011 |
|||||||||
A |
992,078 | 992,078 | 992,078 | |||||||||
D |
583,546 | 583,546 | 583,546 | |||||||||
L |
454,920 | 409,830 | 270,906 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
2,030,544 | 1,985,454 | 1,846,530 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The changes in the shares are as follows:
Thousands of Shares | ||||||||||||
December
31, 2012 |
December
31, 2011 |
January
1 2011 |
||||||||||
Initial shares |
1,985,454 | 1,846,530 | 1,846,530 | |||||||||
Shares issuance |
45,090 | 138,924 | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Final shares |
2,030,544 | 1,985,454 | 1,846,530 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The net income of the Company is subject to the legal requirement that 5% thereof be transferred to a legal reserve until such reserve equals 20% of capital stock at nominal value. This reserve may not be distributed to shareholders during the existence of the Company. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and January 1, 2011, this reserve is Ps. 164 for the three years.
Retained earnings and other reserves distributed as dividends, as well as the effects derived from capital reductions, are subject to income tax at the rate in effect at the date of distribution, except for restated shareholder contributions and distributions made from consolidated taxable income, denominated Cuenta de Utilidad Fiscal Neta (CUFIN).
Dividends paid in excess of CUFIN are subject to income tax at a grossed-up rate based on the current statutory rate. Since 2003, this tax may be credited against the income tax of the year in which the dividends are paid, and in the following two years against the income tax and estimated tax payments. As of December 31, 2012, the Companys balances of CUFIN amounted to Ps. 165.
F-51
For the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 the dividends declared and paid per share by the Company are as follows:
Series of shares |
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
||||||
A |
Ps. | 2,747 | Ps. | 2,341 | ||||
D |
1,617 | 1,377 | ||||||
L |
1,260 | 640 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ps. | 5,624 | (1) | Ps. | 4,358 | ||||
|
|
|
|
(1) | At an ordinary shareholders meeting of Coca-Cola FEMSA held on March 20, 2012, the shareholders declared a dividend of Ps. 5,625 that was paid in May 2012. Represents a dividend of Ps. 2.77 per each ordinary share. |
22.2 Capital management
The Company manages its capital to ensure that its subsidiaries will be able to continue as going concerns while maximizing the return to shareholders through the optimization of its debt and equity balance in order to obtain the lowest cost of capital available. The Company manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of changes in economic conditions. To maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Company may adjust the dividend payment to shareholders, return capital to shareholders or issue new shares. No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.
The Company is not subject to any externally imposed capital requirements, other than the legal reserve (see Note 22.1).
The Companys finance committee reviews the capital structure of the Company on a quarterly basis. As part of this review, the committee considers the cost of capital and the risks associated with each class of capital. In conjunction with this objective, the Company seeks to maintain the highest credit rating both nationally and internationally and is currently rated AAA in Mexico and BBB in the United States, which requires it to have a debt to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) ratio lower than 2. As a result, prior to entering into new business ventures, acquisitions or divestures, management evaluates the optimal ratio of debt to EBITDA in order to maintain its high credit rating.
note 23. Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing consolidated net income for the year attributable to equity holders of the parent by the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the year.
Basic earnings per share amounts are as follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Per Series A Shares |
Per Series D Shares |
Per Series L Shares |
Per Series A Shares |
Per Series D Shares |
Per Series L Shares |
|||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
Ps. | 6,842 | Ps. | 4,025 | Ps. | 3,031 | Ps. | 5,963 | Ps. | 3,507 | Ps. | 1,743 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average number of shares for basic earnings per share (millions of shares) |
992 | 584 | 439 | 992 | 584 | 290 |
F-52
note 24. Income Taxes
24.1 Income Tax
The major components of income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 are:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Current tax expense: |
||||||||
Current year |
Ps. | 5,371 | Ps. | 5,652 | ||||
Deferred tax expense: |
| | ||||||
Origination and reversal of temporary differences |
606 | 7 | ||||||
Utilization of tax losses recognized |
297 | 8 | ||||||
Total deferred tax expense |
903 | 15 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total income tax expense in consolidated net income |
Ps. | 6,274 | Ps. | 5,667 | ||||
|
|
|
|
2012 |
Mexico | Foreign | Total | |||||||||
Current tax expense: |
||||||||||||
Current year |
Ps. | 3,030 | Ps. | 2,341 | Ps. | 5,371 | ||||||
Deferred tax expense: |
||||||||||||
Origination and reversal of temporary differences |
(318 | ) | 924 | 606 | ||||||||
Utilization of tax losses recognized |
214 | 83 | 297 | |||||||||
Total deferred tax expense (benefit) |
(104 | ) | 1,007 | 903 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total income tax expense in consolidated net income |
Ps. | 2,926 | Ps. | 3,348 | Ps. | 6,274 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
2011 |
Mexico | Foreign | Total | |||||||||
Current tax expense: |
||||||||||||
Current year |
Ps. | 2,011 | Ps. | 3,641 | Ps. | 5,652 | ||||||
Deferred tax expense: |
||||||||||||
Origination and reversal of temporary differences |
(132 | ) | 139 | 7 | ||||||||
Utilization/(benefit) of tax losses recognized |
(32 | ) | 40 | 8 | ||||||||
Total deferred tax expense (benefit) |
(164 | ) | 179 | 15 | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total income tax expense in consolidated net income |
Ps. | 1,847 | Ps. | 3,820 | Ps. | 5,667 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Recognized in Consolidated Statement of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI)
Income tax related to items charged or recognized directly in OCI during the year: |
December
31, 2012 |
December
31, 2011 |
||||||
Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges |
Ps. | (95 | ) | Ps. | (15 | ) | ||
Unrealized gain on available for sale securities |
(2 | ) | 3 | |||||
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability |
(62 | ) | 3 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Total income tax recognized in OCI |
Ps. | (159 | ) | Ps. | (9 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
Balance of income tax of Other Comprehensive Income (OCI) as of:
Income tax related to items charged or recognized directly in OCI as of year end: |
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 31, 2011 |
|||||||||
Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges |
Ps. | (67 | ) | Ps. | 28 | Ps. | 48 | |||||
Unrealized gain on available for sale securities |
1 | 2 | | |||||||||
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability |
(120 | ) | (59 | ) | (68 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Balance of income tax in OCI |
Ps. | (186 | ) | Ps. | (29 | ) | Ps. | (20 | ) | |||
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-53
A reconciliation between tax expense and income before income taxes and share of the profit or loss of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method multiplied by the Mexican domestic tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Mexican statutory income tax rate |
30 | % | 30 | % | ||||
Income tax from prior years |
(0.75 | ) | 0.48 | |||||
Gain on monetary position for subsidiaries in hyperinflationary economies |
| (0.11 | ) | |||||
Annual inflation tax adjustment |
0.24 | 0.99 | ||||||
Non-deductible expenses |
0.61 | 0.97 | ||||||
Non-taxable income |
(0.24 | ) | (0.46 | ) | ||||
Income taxed at a rate other than the Mexican statutory rate |
1.59 | 2.31 | ||||||
Effect of restatement of tax values |
(1.04 | ) | (0.99 | ) | ||||
Effect of change in statutory rate |
0.14 | (0.03 | ) | |||||
Other |
0.67 | 0.52 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
31.22 | % | 33.68 | % | |||||
|
|
|
|
Deferred income tax
An analysis of the temporary differences giving rise to deferred income tax liabilities (assets) is as follows:
December 31, | December 31, | January 1, | ||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position |
2012 | 2011 | 2011 | 2012 | 2011 | |||||||||||||||
Allowance for doubtful accounts |
Ps. | (109 | ) | Ps | (94 | ) | Ps. | (65 | ) | Ps. | (14 | ) | Ps. | (21 | ) | |||||
Inventories |
18 | (58 | ) | 26 | 76 | (86 | ) | |||||||||||||
Prepaid expenses |
(10 | ) | 108 | 37 | (118 | ) | 77 | |||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
821 | 925 | 502 | (53 | ) | 148 | ||||||||||||||
Investments in associates companies and joint ventures |
(3 | ) | (10 | ) | (7 | ) | 7 | (3 | ) | |||||||||||
Other assets |
(304 | ) | (871 | ) | (748 | ) | 584 | (116 | ) | |||||||||||
Finite useful lived intangible assets |
112 | 146 | 88 | (34 | ) | 53 | ||||||||||||||
Indefinite useful lived intangible assets |
61 | 15 | (24 | ) | 46 | 39 | ||||||||||||||
Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits |
(308 | ) | (290 | ) | (243 | ) | 26 | (32 | ) | |||||||||||
Derivative financial instruments |
(12 | ) | 2 | 7 | (14 | ) | (5 | ) | ||||||||||||
Contingencies |
(620 | ) | (711 | ) | (703 | ) | 91 | (8 | ) | |||||||||||
Employee profit sharing payable |
(146 | ) | (129 | ) | (78 | ) | (9 | ) | (32 | ) | ||||||||||
Tax loss carryforwards |
(24 | ) | (339 | ) | (346 | ) | 297 | 8 | ||||||||||||
Cumulative other comprehensive income |
(186 | ) | (29 | ) | (20 | ) | | | ||||||||||||
Other liabilities |
113 | 97 | 105 | 18 | (7 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax expense (income) |
Ps. | 903 | Ps. | 15 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||
Deferred income taxes, net |
(597 | ) | (1,238 | ) | (1,469 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Deferred tax, asset |
(1,576 | ) | (1,944 | ) | (1,790 | ) | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||
Deferred tax, liability |
Ps. | 979 | Ps. | 706 | 321 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
The changes in the balance of the net deferred income tax liability are as follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | (1,238 | ) | Ps. | (1,469 | ) | ||
Deferred tax provision for the year |
876 | 20 | ||||||
Change in the statutory rate |
27 | (5 | ) | |||||
Acquisition of subsidiaries, see Note 4 Effects in equity: |
(77 | ) | 218 | |||||
Unrealized gain on cash flow hedges |
(95 | ) | (17 | ) | ||||
Unrealized gain on available for sale securities |
(2 | ) | 5 | |||||
Cumulative translation adjustment |
(17 | ) | | |||||
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability |
(62 | ) | 3 | |||||
Restatement effect of beginning balances associated with hyperinflationary economies |
(9 | ) | 7 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ending balance |
Ps. | (597 | ) | Ps. | (1,238 | ) | ||
|
|
|
|
F-54
The Company offsets tax assets and liabilities if and only if it has a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets and current tax liabilities and the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities related to income taxes levied by the same tax authority.
Tax Loss Carryforwards
The subsidiaries in Mexico and Brazil have tax loss carryforwards. The tax effect net of consolidation benefits and their years of expiration are as follows:
Tax Loss Year Carryforwards |
||||
2014 |
Ps. | 2 | ||
2015 |
3 | |||
2017 |
2 | |||
2019 |
1 | |||
2020 |
1 | |||
2022 and thereafter |
20 | |||
No expiration (Brazil) |
46 | |||
|
|
|||
Ps. | 75 | |||
|
|
The changes in the balance of tax loss carryforwards and recoverable tax on assets are as follows:
2012 | 2011 | |||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | 1,087 | Ps. | 1,094 | ||||
Additions |
852 | 121 | ||||||
Usage of tax losses |
(1,813 | ) | (154 | ) | ||||
Translation effect of beginning balances |
(51 | ) | 26 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ending balance |
Ps. | 75 | Ps. | 1,087 | ||||
|
|
|
|
There are no income tax consequences associated with the payment of dividends in either 2012 or 2011 by the Company to its shareholders.
The Company has determined that undistributed profits of its subsidiaries, joint ventures or associates will not be distributed in the foreseeable future. The temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures that have not been recognised, aggregate to Ps. 7,501 (December 31, 2011: Ps. 6,157 and, January 1 2011: Ps. 4,615).
On January 1, 2013 an amendment to the Mexican income tax law became effective. The most important effects in the Company involve changes in the income tax rate, which shall be of 30% in 2013, 29% in 2014, and 28% as of 2015 and thereafter. The deferred income taxes as of December 31, 2012 includes the effect of this change.
In Colombia, there is a new tax reform (Law 1607) which was enacted on December 26, 2012 and will take effect on fiscal year 2013. The main changes in this legislation include a reduction in the corporate tax rate from 33% to 25% and the introduction of a new income tax (CREE tax) of 9% of taxable income (taxable base) and 8% starting 2016. Tax losses and excess presumptive income, among other items, may not be applied against the CREE tax base. The payable tax for a taxpayer in a given year is the higher of CREE or income tax computed under the Colombian income tax law.
24.2 Other taxes
The operations in Guatemala, Nicaragua, Colombia and Argentina are subject to a minimum tax, which is based primary on a percentage of assets. Any payments are recoverable in future years, under certain conditions.
24.3 Flat-rate business tax (IETU)
Effective in 2008, IETU came into effect in Mexico and replaced Asset Tax. IETU essentially work as a minimum corporate income tax, except that amounts paid cannot be creditable against future income tax payments. The payable tax for a taxpayer in a given year is the higher of IETU or income tax computed under the Mexican income tax law. The IETU rate is 17.5%. IETU is computed on a cash-flow basis, which means the tax base is equal to cash proceeds, less certain deductions and credits. In the case of export sales, where cash on the receivable has not been collected within 12 months, income is deemed received at the end of the 12-month period. In addition, unlike the Income Tax Law, which allows for tax consolidation, companies that incur IETU are required to file their returns on an individual basis.
F-55
note 25. Other Liabilities, Provisions and Commitments
25.1 Provisions and other liabilities
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Provisions |
Ps. | 2,134 | Ps. | 2,284 | Ps. | 2,153 | ||||||
Taxes payable |
244 | 231 | 316 | |||||||||
Others |
929 | 756 | 945 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
Ps. | 3,307 | Ps. | 3,271 | Ps | 3,414 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.2 Provisions recorded in the consolidated statement of financial position
The Company has various loss contingencies, and has recorded reserves as other liabilities for those legal proceedings for which it believes an unfavorable resolution is probable. The following table presents the nature and amount of the loss contingencies recorded as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011:
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||
Indirect taxes |
Ps. | 921 | Ps. | 925 | Ps. | 799 | ||||||
Labor |
934 | 1,128 | 1,134 | |||||||||
Legal |
279 | 231 | 220 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Ps. | 2,134 | Ps. | 2,284 | Ps. | 2,153 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.3. Changes in the balance of provisions recorded
25.3.1 Indirect taxes
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | 925 | Ps. | 799 | ||||
Penalties and other charges |
107 | 16 | ||||||
New contingencies |
| 7 | ||||||
Cancellation and expiration |
(124 | ) | (42 | ) | ||||
Contingencies added in business combinations |
117 | 170 | ||||||
Payments |
(15 | ) | (102 | ) | ||||
Restatement of the beginning balance of subsidiaries in hyperinflationary economies |
(89 | ) | 77 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ending balance |
Ps. | 921 | Ps. | 925 | ||||
|
|
|
|
25.3.2 Labor
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | 1,128 | Ps. | 1,134 | ||||
Penalties and other charges |
189 | 105 | ||||||
New contingencies |
134 | 122 | ||||||
Cancellation and expiration |
(359 | ) | (261 | ) | ||||
Contingencies added in business combinations |
15 | 8 | ||||||
Payments |
(91 | ) | (71 | ) | ||||
Restatement of the beginning balance of subsidiaries in hyperinflationary economies |
(82 | ) | 91 | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ending balance |
Ps. | 934 | Ps. | 1,128 | ||||
|
|
|
|
A roll forward for legal contingencies is not disclosed because the amounts are not considered to be material.
While provision for all claims has already been made, the actual outcome of the disputes and the timing of the resolution cannot be estimated by the Company at this time.
25.4 Unsettled lawsuits
The Company has entered into several proceedings with its labor unions, tax authorities and other parties that primarily involve Coca-Cola FEMSA. These proceedings have resulted in the ordinary course of business and are common to the industry in which the Company operates. Such contingencies were classified by the Company as less than probable, the estimated amount of these lawsuits is Ps. 7,929, however, the Company believes that the ultimate resolution of such several proceedings will not have a material effect on its consolidated financial position or result of operations.
In recent years in its Mexican, Costa Rican and Brazilian territories, Coca-Cola FEMSA has been requested to present certain information regarding possible monopolistic practices. These requests are commonly generated in the ordinary course of business in the soft drink industry where this subsidiary operates. The Company does not expect any material liability to arise from these contingencies.
F-56
25.5 Collateralized contingencies
As is customary in Brazil, the Company has been required by the tax authorities there to collateralize tax contingencies currently in litigation amounting to Ps. 2,164, Ps. 2,418 and Ps. 2,292 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, respectively, by pledging fixed assets and entering into available lines of credit covering the contingencies.
25.6 Commitments
As of December 31, 2012, the Company has contractual commitments for finance leases for machinery and transport equipment and operating lease for the rental of production machinery and equipment, distribution and computer equipment.
The contractual maturities of the operating lease commitments by currency, expressed in Mexican pesos as of December 31, 2012, are as follows:
Mexican pesos | U.S. dollars | Other | ||||||||||
Not later than 1 year |
Ps. | 183 | $ | 2 | $ | 94 | ||||||
Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years |
812 | 1 | 85 | |||||||||
Later than 5 years |
460 | | | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total |
Ps. | 1,455 | $ | 3 | $ | 179 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Rental expense charged to consolidated net income was Ps. 1,019 and Ps. 850 for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Future minimum lease payments under finance leases with the present value of the net minimum lease payments are as follows:
2012 | Present | 2011 | Present | |||||||||||||
Minimum | value of | Minimum | value of | |||||||||||||
payments | payments | payments | payments | |||||||||||||
Not later than 1 year |
Ps. | 195 | Ps. | 189 | Ps. | 252 | Ps. | 231 | ||||||||
Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years |
8 | 7 | 196 | 190 | ||||||||||||
Later than 5 years |
| | | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total minimum lease payments |
203 | 196 | 448 | 421 | ||||||||||||
Less amount representing finance charges |
7 | | 27 | | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Present value of minimum lease payments |
Ps. | 196 | Ps. | 421 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
The Company has firm commitments for the purchase of property, plant and equipment of Ps. 27 as December 31, 2012.
25.7 Restructuring provision
Coca-Cola FEMSA recorded a restructuring provision. This provision relates principally to reorganization in the structure of the Company. The restructuring plan was drawn up and announced to the employees of the Company in 2011 when the provision was recognized in its consolidated financial statements. The restructuring of the Company is expected to be completed by 2013 and it is presented in current liabilities within accounts payable caption in the consolidated statement of financial position.
December 31, 2012 |
December 31, 2011 |
|||||||
Initial balance |
Ps. | 153 | Ps. | 230 | ||||
New |
191 | 46 | ||||||
Payments |
(254 | ) | (74 | ) | ||||
Cancellation |
| (49 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||
Ending balance |
Ps. | 90 | Ps. | 153 | ||||
|
|
|
|
F-57
note 26. Information by Segment
The Companys Chief Operating Decision Maker (CDOM) is the Chief Executive Officer. The Company aggregated operating segments into the following reporting segments for the purposes of its consolidated financial statements: (i) Mexico and Central America division (comprising the following countries: Mexico, Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama) and (ii) the South America division (comprising the following countries: Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela). Venezuela operates in an economy with exchange control and hyper-inflation; and as a result, IAS 29, Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies does not allow its aggregation into the South America segment. The Company is of the view that the quantitative and qualitative aspects of the aggregated operating segments are similar in nature for all periods presented.
Segment disclosure for the Company is as follows:
2012 |
Mexico and Central America (1) |
South America (2) |
Venezuela | Consolidated | ||||||||||||
Total revenues |
Ps. | 66,141 | Ps. | 54,821 | Ps. | 26,777 | Ps. | 147,739 | ||||||||
Intercompany revenue |
2,876 | 4,008 | | 6,884 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit |
31,643 | 23,667 | 13,320 | 68,630 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes and share of the profit or loss of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method |
9,577 | 7,353 | 3,061 | 19,991 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization (3) |
3,037 | 1,906 | 749 | 5,692 | ||||||||||||
Non cash items other than depreciation and amortization (3) |
15 | 150 | 110 | 275 | ||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of associated companies and joint ventures |
55 | 125 | | 180 | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
108,768 | 40,046 | 17,289 | 166,103 | ||||||||||||
Investments in associate companies and joint ventures |
4,002 | 1,349 | 1 | 5,352 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
42,387 | 13,161 | 5,727 | 61,275 | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditures, net (4) |
5,350 | 3,878 | 1,031 | 10,259 | ||||||||||||
2011 |
||||||||||||||||
Total revenues |
Ps. | 51,662 | Ps. | 51,451 | Ps. | 20,111 | Ps. | 123,224 | ||||||||
Intercompany revenue |
2,105 | 3,920 | | 6,025 | ||||||||||||
Gross profit |
24,576 | 22,205 | 9,750 | 56,531 | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes and share of the profit or loss of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method |
7,279 | 6,912 | 2,603 | 16,794 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2,053 | 1,623 | 543 | 4,219 | ||||||||||||
Non-cash items other than depreciation and amortization (3) |
64 | 442 | 106 | 612 | ||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of associated companies and joint ventures |
(15 | ) | 101 | | 86 | |||||||||||
Total assets |
86,497 | 42,550 | 12,691 | 141,738 | ||||||||||||
Investments in associate companies and joint ventures |
2,217 | 1,438 | 1 | 3,656 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
32,123 | 13,074 | 3,460 | 48,657 | ||||||||||||
Capital expenditures, net (4) |
4,120 | 3,109 | 633 | 7,862 | ||||||||||||
January 1, 2011 |
Mexico and Central America (1) |
South America (2) |
Venezuela | Consolidated | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
Ps. | 59,581 | Ps. | 37,003 | Ps. | 7,743 | Ps. | 104,327 | ||||||||
Investment in associated companies and joint ventures |
812 | 1,295 | 1 | 2,108 | ||||||||||||
Total liabilities |
23,722 | 12,758 | 2,412 | 38,892 |
(1) | Central America includes Guatemala, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. Domestic (Mexico only) revenues were Ps. 57,945 and Ps. 44,560 during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Domestic (Mexico only) total assets were Ps. 101,635, Ps. 79,283 and Ps. 53,483 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, respectively. Domestic (Mexico only) total liabilities were Ps. 40,661, Ps. 30,418 and Ps. 22,418 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, respectively. |
(2) | South America includes Brazil, Argentina, Colombia and Venezuela, although Venezuela is shown separately above. South America revenues include Brazilian revenues of Ps. 30,578 and Ps. 31,131 during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Brazilian total assets were Ps. 21,955, Ps. 26,060 and Ps. 22,866 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, respectively. Brazilian total liabilities Ps. 6,544, Ps. 6,478 and Ps. 6,625 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, respectively. South America revenues also include Colombian revenues of Ps. 13,973 and Ps. 11,921 during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Colombian total assets were Ps. 14,557, Ps. 13,166 and Ps. 11,427 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, respectively. Colombian total liabilities were Ps. 3,885, Ps. 3,794 and Ps. 3,714 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, respectively. South America revenues also include Argentine revenues of Ps. 10,270 and Ps. 8,399 during the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Argentine total assets were Ps. 3,534, Ps. 3,324 and Ps. 2,710 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, respectively. Argentine total liabilities were Ps. 2,732, Ps. 2,802 and Ps. 2,419 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and as of January 1, 2011, respectively. |
(3) | Includes foreign exchange loss, net; gain on monetary position, net; and market value (gain) loss on financial instruments. |
(4) | Includes acquisitions and disposals of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets and other long-lived assets. |
F-58
note 27. First Time Adoption of IFRS
27.1 Basis for the Transition to IFRS
27.1.1 Application of IFRS 1, First-time Adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards
For preparing the consolidated financial statements under IFRS, the Company applied the mandatory exceptions and utilized certain optional exemptions set forth in IFRS 1, related to the complete retroactive application of IFRS.
27.1.2 Optional exemptions used by the Company
The Company applied the following optional exemptions:
a) Business Combinations and Acquisitions of Associates and Joint Ventures:
The Company elected not to apply IFRS 3 Business Combinations, to business combinations as well as to acquisitions of associates and joint ventures prior to its transition date.
b) Deemed Cost:
An entity may elect to measure an item or all of property, plant and equipment at the Transition Date at its fair value and use that fair value as its deemed cost at that date. In addition, a first-time adopter may elect to use a previous GAAPs revaluation of an item of property, plant and equipment at, or before, of the Transition Date as deemed cost at the date of the revaluation, if the revaluation was, at the date of the revaluation, broadly comparable to: (i) fair value; or (ii) cost or depreciated cost in accordance with IFRS, adjusted to reflect, changes in a general or specific price index.
The Company has presented its property, plant, and equipment and its intangible assets at IFRS historical cost in all countries.
In Mexico, the Company ceased to record inflationary adjustments to its property, plant and equipment on December 31, 2007, due to both changes to Mexican FRS in effect at the time, and the fact that the Mexican peso was not deemed to be a currency of an inflationary economy as of that date. According to IAS 29, Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies, the last hyperinflationary period for the Mexican peso was in 1998. As a result, the Company eliminated the cumulative inflation recognized within long-lived assets for the Companys Mexican operations, based on Mexican FRS during the years 1999 through 2007, which were not deemed hyperinflationary for IFRS purposes.
In Venezuela this IFRS historical cost represents actual historical cost in the year of acquisition, indexed for inflation in a hyper-inflationary economy based on the provisions of IAS 29.
The Company applied the exemption to not recalculate retroactively the translation differences in the financial statements of foreign operations; accordingly, at the transition date, it reset the cumulative translation effect to retained earnings. The application of this exemption is detailed in Note 27.2.4 (h).
c) Borrowing Costs:
The Company began capitalizing its borrowing costs at the transition date in accordance with IAS 23, Borrowing Costs. The borrowing costs included previously under Mexican FRS were subject to the deemed cost exemption mentioned in b) above.
27.1.3 Mandatory exceptions used by the Company
The Company applied the following mandatory exceptions set forth in IFRS 1, which do not allow retroactive application to the requirements set forth in such standards:
a) Derecognition of Financial Assets and Liabilities:
The Company applied the derecognition rules of IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement prospectively for transactions occurring on or after the date of transition. As a result, there was no impact in the Companys consolidated financial statements due to the application of this exception.
b) Hedge Accounting:
The Company measured at fair value all derivative financial instruments and hedging relationships designated and documented effectively as accounting hedges as required by IAS 39 as of the transition date. As a result, there was no impact in the Companys consolidated financial statements due to the application of this exception.
c) Non-controlling Interest:
The Company applied the requirements in IAS 27, Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements related to non-controlling interests prospectively beginning on the transition date. As a result, there was no impact in the Companys consolidated financial statements due to the application of this exception.
d) Accounting Estimates:
Estimates prepared under IFRS as of January 1, 2011 are consistent with the estimates recognized under Mexican FRS as of the same date.
27.2 Reconciliations of Mexican FRS and IFRS
The following reconciliations quantify the effects of the transition to IFRS:
| Equity as of December 31, 2011 and as of January 1, 2011 (date of transition to IFRS). |
| Comprehensive income for the year ended December 31, 2011. |
F-59
27.2.1 Effects of IFRS adoption on equity Consolidated statement of financial position
As of December 31, 2011 | As of January 1, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Current Assets: |
Note | Mexican FRS |
Adjustments | Reclassifications | IFRS | Mexican FRS |
Adjustments | Reclassifications | IFRS | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
a | Ps. | 12,331 | Ps. | | Ps. | (488 | ) | Ps. | 11,843 | Ps. | 12,534 | Ps. | | Ps. | (392 | ) | Ps. | 12,142 | |||||||||||||||
Marketable securities |
330 | | | 330 | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
8,634 | | (2 | ) | 8,632 | 6,363 | | | 6,363 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Inventories |
d | 7,573 | (9 | ) | (15 | ) | 7,549 | 5,007 | | | 5,007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Recoverable taxes |
g | 1,529 | | 686 | 2,215 | 1,658 | | 369 | 2,027 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other current financial assets |
k | | | 833 | 833 | | | 409 | 409 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other current assets |
a, e | 1,677 | (27 | ) | (328 | ) | 1,322 | 874 | (36 | ) | (17 | ) | 821 | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total current assets |
Ps. | 32,074 | Ps. | (36 | ) | Ps. | 686 | Ps. | 32,724 | Ps. | 26,436 | Ps. | (36 | ) | Ps. | 369 | Ps. | 26,769 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures |
3,656 | | | 3,656 | 2,108 | | | 2,108 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
b | 41,502 | (4,000 | ) | 600 | 38,102 | 31,874 | (3,911 | ) | 507 | 28,470 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Intangible assets, net |
d | 70,675 | (8,514 | ) | 2 | 62,163 | 51,213 | (7,992 | ) | | 43,221 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax assets |
g | 451 | 1,076 | 417 | 1,944 | 345 | 1,270 | 175 | 1,790 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other non-current financial assets |
j | | 40 | 805 | 845 | | | 15 | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other non-current assets, net |
f | 3,250 | 185 | (1,131 | ) | 2,304 | 2,085 | 188 | (319 | ) | 1,954 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total non-current assets |
119,534 | (11,213 | ) | 693 | 109,014 | 87,625 | (10,445 | ) | 378 | 77,558 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total Assets |
Ps. | 151,608 | Ps. | (11,249 | ) | Ps. | 1,379 | Ps. | 141,738 | Ps. | 114,061 | Ps. | (10,481 | ) | Ps. | 747 | Ps. | 104,327 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Current Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans and notes payable |
Ps. | 638 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 638 | Ps. | 1,615 | Ps. | | Ps. | | Ps. | 1,615 | ||||||||||||||||||
Current portion of non-current debt |
4,902 | | | 4,902 | 225 | | | 225 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest payable |
206 | | | 206 | 151 | | | 151 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Suppliers |
11,852 | | | 11,852 | 8,988 | | | 8,988 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Accounts payable |
3,661 | 15 | | 3,676 | 3,743 | 9 | | 3,752 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Taxes payable |
k | 2,785 | | 686 | 3,471 | 1,931 | | 369 | 2,300 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other current financial liabilities |
k | 1,033 | (3 | ) | | 1,030 | 993 | (2 | ) | | 991 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
25,077 | 12 | 686 | 25,775 | 17,646 | 7 | 369 | 18,022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Bank loans and notes payable |
j | 17,034 | (156 | ) | (57 | ) | 16,821 | 15,511 | (210 | ) | (56 | ) | 15,245 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits |
c | 1,537 | (170 | ) | | 1,367 | 1,210 | (54 | ) | | 1,156 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax liabilities |
g | 3,485 | (3,196 | ) | 417 | 706 | 1,901 | (1,755 | ) | 175 | 321 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Other non-current financial liabilities |
k | | | 717 | 717 | | (2 | ) | 736 | 734 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Provisions and other non-current liabilities |
k | 3,695 | | (424 | ) | 3,271 | 3,912 | | (498 | ) | 3,414 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total non-current liabilities |
25,751 | (3,522 | ) | 653 | 22,882 | 22,534 | (2,021 | ) | 357 | 20,870 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||
Total Liabilities |
Ps. | 50,828 | Ps. | (3,510 | ) | Ps. | 1,339 | Ps. | 48,657 | Ps. | 40,180 | Ps. | (2,014 | ) | Ps. | 726 | Ps. | 38,892 | ||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27.2.2 Effects of IFRS adoption on equity Reconciliation of equity
Note | As of December 31, 2011 |
As of January 1, 2011 (Transition Date) |
||||||||
Total Equity under Mexican FRS |
Ps. | 100,780 | Ps. | 73,881 | ||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
b | (4,000 | ) | (3,911 | ) | |||||
Intangible assets, net |
d | (8,514 | ) | (7,992 | ) | |||||
Post-employment and other long-term employee benefits |
c | 170 | 54 | |||||||
Embedded derivative instruments |
e | 3 | 2 | |||||||
Share-based payments |
f | 224 | 209 | |||||||
Effect on deferred income taxes |
g | 4,272 | 3,025 | |||||||
Amortized cost |
j | 196 | 210 | |||||||
Other |
d | (50 | ) | (43 | ) | |||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total adjustments to equity |
(7,699 | ) | (8,446 | ) | ||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||
Total equity under IFRS |
Ps. | 93,081 | Ps. | 65,435 | ||||||
|
|
|
|
F-60
27.2.3 Effects of IFRS adoption on consolidated net income Consolidated Income Statement
For the year ended December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||||||
Mexican FRS | Adjustments | Reclassifications | IFRS | |||||||||||||||
Net sales |
d | Ps. | 124,066 | Ps. | (1,428 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | 122,638 | ||||||||
Other operating revenues |
k | 649 | (63 | ) | | 586 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total revenues |
124,715 | (1,491 | ) | | 123,224 | |||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold |
b, c, d | 67,488 | (1,049 | ) | 254 | 66,693 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Gross profit |
57,227 | (442 | ) | (254 | ) | 56,531 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Administrative expenses |
b, c, d | 5,184 | (104 | ) | 60 | 5,140 | ||||||||||||
Selling expenses |
b, c, d | 31,891 | (547 | ) | 750 | 32,094 | ||||||||||||
Other income |
k | | 22 | 663 | 685 | |||||||||||||
Other expenses, net |
k | 2,326 | 17 | (283 | ) | 2,060 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense |
j | 1,736 | (7 | ) | | 1,729 | ||||||||||||
Interest income |
j | (601 | ) | (16 | ) | | (617 | ) | ||||||||||
Foreign exchange gain, net |
b | (62 | ) | 33 | (32 | ) | (61 | ) | ||||||||||
Gain on monetary position for subsidiaries in hyperinflationary economies |
d | 155 | (94 | ) | | 61 | ||||||||||||
Market value loss on financial instruments |
e | 140 | (2 | ) | | 138 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Income before income taxes and share of the profit or loss of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method |
16,768 | 112 | (86 | ) | 16,794 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Income taxes |
g | 5,599 | 68 | | 5,667 | |||||||||||||
Equity in earnings of associated companies and joint ventures companies |
k | | | 86 | 86 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
11,169 | 44 | | 11,213 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Attributable to: |
||||||||||||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
10,615 | 47 | | 10,662 | ||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
i | 554 | (3 | ) | | 551 | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
Ps. | 11,169 | Ps. | 44 | Ps. | | Ps. | 11,213 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
27.2.4 Effects of IFRS adoption on consolidated comprehensive Income Consolidated Statement of comprehensive income
For the year ended December 31, 2011 | ||||||||||||||
Note | Mexican FRS | Adjustments | IFRS | |||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
Ps. | 11,169 | Ps. | 44 | Ps. | 11,213 | ||||||||
Other comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||
Remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability, net of taxes |
c | | (6 | ) | (6 | ) | ||||||||
Valuation of the effective portion of derivative financial instruments, net of taxes |
e | (3 | ) | | (3 | ) | ||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Unrealized gains on available for sale securities, net of taxes |
4 | | 4 | |||||||||||
Exchanges differences on translating foreign operations |
h | 3,335 | 738 | 4,073 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
14,505 | 776 | 15,281 | |||||||||||
Other comprehensive income, net of taxes |
3,336 | 738 | 4,074 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Consolidated comprehensive income |
14,505 | 776 | 15,281 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Attributable to: |
||||||||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
13,965 | 787 | 14,752 | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
Ps. | 540 | Ps. | (11 | ) | Ps. | 529 | |||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
Under Mexican FRS, no statement of comprehensive income was prepared; accordingly, the reconciliation originates from consolidated net income under Mexican FRS.
F-61
27.2.5 Reconciliation of Consolidated Income Statement
Note | For the Year ended December 31, 2011 |
|||||||
Consolidated Net Income under Mexican FRS |
Ps. | 11,169 | ||||||
Depreciation of Property, plant and equipment |
b | 370 | ||||||
Amortization of Intangible assets |
d | 10 | ||||||
Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits |
c | 10 | ||||||
Embedded derivatives instruments |
e | 2 | ||||||
Share-based payments |
f | 10 | ||||||
Effect on deferred income taxes |
g | (68 | ) | |||||
Other inflation effects on assets |
(4 | ) | ||||||
Amortized cost |
j | (16 | ) | |||||
Inflation effects |
d | (270 | ) | |||||
|
|
|||||||
Total adjustments to consolidated net income |
44 | |||||||
|
|
|||||||
Total consolidated net income under IFRS |
Ps. | 11,213 | ||||||
|
|
27.3 Explanation of the effects of the adoption of IFRS
The following notes explain the significant adjustments and/or reclassifications for the adoption of IFRS:
a) Cash and Cash Equivalents:
For purposes of Mexican FRS, restricted cash is presented within cash and cash equivalents, whereas for purposes of IFRS it is presented in the statement of financial position depending on the term of the restriction.
The transition from Mexican FRS to IFRS did not have a material impact on the consolidated statement of cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2011.
b) Property, Plant and Equipment:
The adjustments to property, plant and equipment are explained as follows:
Mexican FRS | Reclassifications | December 31, 2011 Adjustment for the write-off of inflation recognized under Mexican FRS |
Borrowing Cost |
Cost under IFRS |
||||||||||||||||
Land |
Ps. | 4,390 | Ps. | | Ps. | (986 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | 3,404 | |||||||||
Buildings |
12,926 | | (2,039 | ) | | 10,887 | ||||||||||||||
Machinery and equipment |
34,445 | | (5,801 | ) | | 28,644 | ||||||||||||||
Refrigeration equipment |
12,206 | | (910 | ) | | 11,296 | ||||||||||||||
Bottles and cases |
4,140 | 290 | (315 | ) | | 4,115 | ||||||||||||||
Leasehold improvements |
| 425 | | | 425 | |||||||||||||||
Investments in fixed assets in progress |
3,006 | | 10 | 12 | 3,028 | |||||||||||||||
Non-strategic assets |
78 | (78 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||
Other long-lived assets |
585 | 78 | (82 | ) | | 581 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Subtotal |
Ps. | 71,776 | Ps. | 715 | Ps. | (10,123 | ) | Ps. | 12 | Ps. | 62,380 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Accumulated depreciation under Mexican FRS |
Reclassifications | December 31, 2011 Adjustment for the write-off of inflation recognized under Mexican FRS |
Borrowing Cost |
Accumulated depreciation under IFRS |
||||||||||||||||
Buildings |
Ps. | (4,078 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | 593 | Ps. | | Ps. | (3,485 | ) | ||||||||
Machinery and equipment |
(17,493 | ) | | 4,473 | | (13,020 | ) | |||||||||||||
Refrigeration equipment |
(7,229 | ) | | 810 | | (6,419 | ) | |||||||||||||
Bottles and cases |
(1,272 | ) | | 241 | | (1,031 | ) | |||||||||||||
Leasehold improvements |
| (115 | ) | | | (115 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other long-lived assets |
(202 | ) | | (6 | ) | | (208 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Subtotal |
(30,274 | ) | (115 | ) | 6,111 | | (24,278 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
Ps. | 41,502 | Ps. | 600 | Ps. | (4,012 | ) | Ps. | 12 | Ps. | 38,102 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-62
Mexican FRS | Reclassifications | January 1, 2011 Adjustment for the write-off of inflation recognized under Mexican FRS |
Borrowing Cost |
Cost under IFRS |
||||||||||||||||
Land |
Ps. | 3,399 | Ps. | | Ps. | (907 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | 2,492 | |||||||||
Buildings |
10,698 | | (2,361 | ) | | 8,337 | ||||||||||||||
Machinery and equipment |
27,986 | | (5,029 | ) | | 22,957 | ||||||||||||||
Refrigeration equipment |
9,829 | | (850 | ) | | 8,979 | ||||||||||||||
Bottles and cases |
2,854 | 238 | (162 | ) | | 2,930 | ||||||||||||||
Leasehold improvements |
| 459 | | | 459 | |||||||||||||||
Investments in fixed assets in progress |
2,290 | | 8 | | 2,298 | |||||||||||||||
Non-strategic assets |
189 | (189 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||
Other long-lived assets |
460 | 189 | (36 | ) | | 613 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Subtotal |
Ps. | 57,705 | Ps. | 697 | Ps. | (9,337 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | 49,065 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Accumulated depreciation under Mexican FRS |
Reclassifications | January 1, 2011 Adjustment for the write-off of inflation recognized under Mexican FRS |
Borrowing Cost |
Accumulated depreciation under IFRS |
||||||||||||||||
Buildings |
Ps. | (3,466 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | 704 | Ps. | | Ps. | (2,762 | ) | ||||||||
Machinery and equipment |
(15,740 | ) | | 3,817 | | (11,923 | ) | |||||||||||||
Refrigeration equipment |
(5,849 | ) | | 781 | | (5,068 | ) | |||||||||||||
Bottles and cases |
(601 | ) | | 123 | | (478 | ) | |||||||||||||
Leasehold improvements |
| (190 | ) | | | (190 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other long-lived assets |
(175 | ) | | 1 | | (174 | ) | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Subtotal |
(25,831 | ) | (190 | ) | 5,426 | | (20,595 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
Ps. | 31,874 | Ps. | 507 | Ps. | (3,911 | ) | Ps. | | Ps. | 28,470 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Company ceased to record inflationary adjustments to its property, plant and equipment on December 31, 2007, due to both changes to Mexican FRS in effect at that time, and the fact that the Mexican peso was not deemed to be a currency of an inflationary economy as of that date. According to IAS 29, Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies the last hyperinflationary period for the Mexican peso was in 1998. As a result, the Company eliminated the cumulative inflation recognized within long-lived assets for the Companys Mexican operations, based on Mexican FRS during the years 1999 through 2007, which were not deemed hyperinflationary for IFRS purposes.
1. | For the foreign operations, the cumulative inflation from the acquisition date was eliminated (except in the case of Venezuela, which was deemed a hyperinflationary economy) from the date the Company began to consolidate them. |
2. | For purposes of Mexican FRS, the Company presented leasehold improvements as part of Other non-current assets. Such assets meet the definition of property, plant and equipment in accordance with IAS 16, Property, Plant and Equipment, and therefore have been reclassified in the consolidated statement of financial position. |
c) Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits:
According to Mexican FRS D-3 Employee Benefits, a severance provision and the corresponding expense, must be recognized based on the experience of the entity in terminating the employment relationship before the retirement date, or if the entity deems to pay benefits as a result of an offer made to employees to encourage a voluntary termination. For IFRS purposes, this provision was eliminated as it does not meet the definition of a termination benefit pursuant to IAS 19 (2011), Employee Benefits. Accordingly, at the transition date, the Company derecognized its severance indemnity recorded under Mexican FRS against retained earnings given that no obligation exists. A formal plan was not required for recording a provision under Mexican FRS. At the transition date and as of December 31, 2011 and January 1, 2011, the Company eliminated the severance provision for an amount of Ps. 497 and Ps. 348, respectively.
IAS 19 (2011), which was early adopted by the Company (mandatorily effective as of January 1, 2013), eliminates the use of the corridor method, which defers the remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability, and requires that those items be recorded directly within other comprehensive income in each reporting period. The standard also eliminates deferral of past service costs and requires entities to record them in earnings in each reporting period. These requirements increased the Companys liability for post-employment and other non-current employee benefits with a corresponding reduction in retained earnings at the transition date. Based in these requirements, the items pending to be amortized in accordance with Mexican FRS were reclassified to retained earnings at the transition date for Ps.200 and Ps. 95 as of December 31, 2011 and January 1, 2011, respectively in the consolidated statement of financial position.
F-63
In Brazil where there is a defined benefit plan, the fair value of plan assets exceeds the amount of the defined benefit obligation of the plan. This surplus has been recorded in the Other Comprehensive Income account in accordance with the provisions of IAS 19 (2011). According to the special rules for that standard, the asset ceiling is the present value of any economic benefits available as reductions in future contributions to the plan. Under Mexican FRS, there is no restriction to limit the asset. At December 31, 2011 and January 1, 2011, the Company reclassified from Post-employment and other non-current employee benefits to other comprehensive income Ps. 127 and Ps. 199, respectively.
d) Elimination of Inflation in Intangible Assets, Contributed Capital and Others:
As discussed above in b), for purposes of IFRS the Company eliminated the accumulated inflation recorded under Mexican FRS for such intangible assets and contributed capital related to accounts that were not generated from operations in hyperinflationary economies.
e) Embedded Derivatives:
For Mexican FRS purposes, the Company recorded embedded derivatives for agreements denominated in foreign currency. Pursuant to the principles set forth in IAS 39, there is an exception for embedded derivatives on those contracts that are denominated in certain foreign currencies, if for example the foreign currency is commonly used in the economic environment in which the transaction takes place. The Company concluded that all of its embedded derivatives fell within the scope of this exception. Therefore, at the transition date, the Company derecognized all embedded derivatives recognized under Mexican FRS.
f) Share-based Payment Program:
Under Mexican FRS D-3, the Company recognizes its stock bonus plan as a defined contribution plan. IFRS requires that such share-based payment plans be recorded under the principles set forth in IFRS 2, Share-based Payments. The most significant difference for changing the accounting treatment is related to the period during which compensation expense is recognized, which under Mexican FRS D-3 the total amount of the bonus is recorded in the period in which it was granted, while in IFRS 2 it is recognized over the vesting period of such awards.
g) Income Taxes:
The adjustments to IFRS recognized by the Company had an impact in the deferred income tax calculation, according to the requirements set forth by IAS 12. The impact in the Companys equity as of December 31, 2011 and January 1, 2011 was Ps.4,272 and Ps. 3,025, respectively. The impact in net income for the year ended December 31, 2011 earnings was Ps. 68.
Additionally, the Company reclassified the deferred income taxes and other taxes balances in order to comply with IFRS off-setting requirements. The Company reclassified from recoverable taxes to taxes payable balances an amount of Ps.686 and Ps. 369, and from deferred tax assets to deferred tax liabilities balances an amount of Ps.417 and Ps. 175, as of December 31,2011 and January 1, 2011, respectively.
h) Cumulative Translation Effects:
The Company decided to use the exemption provided by IFRS 1, which permits it to adjust at the transition date all the translation effects it had recognized under Mexican FRS to zero and begin to record them in accordance with IAS 21 on a prospective basis. The effect was Ps. 1,000 at the transition date, net of deferred income taxes of Ps. 1,887.
i) Retained Earnings and Non-controlling Interest:
All the adjustments arising from the Companys transition to IFRS at the transition date were adjusted against retained earnings and to the extent applicable also impacted the balance of the non-controlling interest.
j) Effective Interest Rate Method:
In accordance with IFRS, the financial assets and liabilities classified as held to maturity or accounts receivables are subsequently measured using the effective interest rate method.
k) Presentation and Disclosure Items:
IFRS requires additional disclosures than Mexican FRS, which resulted in additional disclosures regarding accounting policies, significant judgments and estimates, financial instruments and capital management, among others. Additionally, the Company reclassified certain items within its consolidated balance sheets and statements of income to conform to the requirements of IAS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements.
F-64
note 28. Future Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Standards not yet in Effect:
The Company has not applied the following new and revised IFRSs that have been issued but are not yet effective as of December 31, 2012.
| IFRS 9, Financial Instruments issued in November 2009 and amended in October 2010 introduces new requirements for the classification and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities and for derecognition. The effective date of IFRS 9 is January 1, 2015. |
The standard requires all recognized financial assets that are within the scope of IAS 39 to be subsequently measured at amortized cost or fair value. Specifically, debt investments that are held within a business model whose objective is to collect the contractual cash flows, and that have contractual cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal outstanding are generally measured at amortized cost at the end of subsequent accounting periods. All other debt investments and equity investments are measured at their fair values at the end of subsequent accounting periods.
The most significant effect of IFRS 9 regarding the classification and measurement of financial liabilities relates to the accounting for changes in fair value of a financial liability (designated as at FVTPL) attributable to changes in the credit risk of that liability. Specifically, under IFRS 9, for financial liabilities that are designated as at FVTPL, the amount of change in the fair value of the financial liability that is attributable to changes in the credit risk of that liability is recognized in other comprehensive income, unless the recognition of the effects of changes in the liabilitys credit risk in other comprehensive income would create or enlarge an accounting mismatch in profit or loss. Changes in fair value attributable to a financial liabilitys credit risk are not subsequently reclassified to profit or loss. Previously, under IAS 39, the entire amount of the change in the fair value of the financial liability designated as at FVTPL was recognized in profit or loss.
This standard has not been early adopted by the Company. The Company has yet to complete its evaluation, of whether this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
On May and June, 2011, the IASB issued new standards and amended some existing standards including requirements of accounting and presentation for particular topics that have not yet been applied in these consolidated financial statements. A summary of those changes and amendments includes the following:
| IAS 28, Investments in Associated Companies and Joint Ventures (referred as IAS 28 (2011)), prescribes the accounting for Investments in associated companies and establishes the requirements to apply the equity method for those investments and investments in joint ventures. The standard is applicable to all the entities with joint control of, or significant influence over, an investee. This standard supersedes the previous version of IAS 28, Investments in associated companies. The effective date of IAS 28 (2011) is January 1, 2013, with early application permitted in certain circumstances, but it must be applied in conjunction with IAS 27 (2011), IFRS 10, IFRS 11 and IFRS 12. This standard has not been early adopted by the Company. The Company has yet to complete its evaluation, of whether this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
| IFRS 10, Consolidated Financial Statements, establishes the principles for the presentation and preparation of consolidated financial statements when an entity controls one or more entities. The standard requires the controlling company to present its consolidated financial statements; modifies the definition about the principle of control and establishes such definition as the basis for consolidation; establishes how to apply the principle of control to identify if an investment is subject to be consolidated. The standard replaces IAS 27, Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements and SIC 12, Consolidation Special Purpose Entities. The effective date of IFRS 10 is January 1, 2013, with early application permitted in certain circumstances, but it must be applied in conjunction with IAS 27 (2011), IAS 28 (2011), IFRS 11 and IFRS 12. |
This standard has not been early adopted by the Company. The Company has yet to complete its evaluation, of whether this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.
| IFRS 11, Joint Arrangements, classifies joint arrangements as either joint operations (combining the existing concepts of jointly controlled assets and jointly controlled operations) or joint ventures (equivalent to the existing concept of a jointly controlled entity). Joint operation is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control have rights to the assets and obligations for the liabilities. Joint venture is a joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to the net assets of the arrangement. IFRS 11 requires the use of the equity method of accounting for interests in joint ventures thereby eliminating the proportionate consolidation method. The determination of whether a joint arrangement is a joint operation or a joint venture is based on the parties rights and obligations under the arrangement, with the existence of a separate legal vehicle no longer being the key factor. The effective date of IFRS 11 is January 1, 2013, with early application permitted in certain circumstances, but it must be applied in conjunction with IAS 27 (2011), IAS 28 (2011), IFRS 10 and IFRS 12. This standard has not been early adopted by the Company. The Company has yet to complete its evaluation, of whether this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
| IFRS 12, Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities, has the objective to require the disclosure of information to allow the users of financial information to evaluate the nature and risk associated with their interests in other entities, and the effects of such interests on their financial position, financial performance and cash flows. The effective date of IFRS 12 is January 1, 2013, with early application permitted in certain circumstances, but it must be applied in conjunction with IAS 27 (2011), IAS 28 (2011), IFRS 10 and IFRS 11. This standard has not been early adopted by the Company. The Company has yet to complete its evaluation, of whether this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
| IFRS 13, Fair Value Measurement, establishes a single framework for measuring fair value where that is required by other standards. The standard applies to both financial and non-financial items measured at fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. IFRS 13 is effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013, with early adoption permitted, and applies prospectively from the beginning of the annual period in which the standard is adopted. This standard has not been early adopted by the Company. The Company has yet to complete its evaluation of whether this standard will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements. |
F-65
note 29. Supplemental Guarantor Information
Consolidating Condensed Financial Information
The following consolidating information presents consolidating condensed statements of financial position as of December 31, 2012, 2011 and January 1, 2011 and condensed consolidating statements of income, other comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2012 of the Company and Propimex (the wholly-owned Guarantor Subsidiary).
These statements are prepared in accordance with IFRS, as issued by the IASB, with the exception that the subsidiaries are accounted for as investments under the equity method rather than being consolidated. The guarantees of the Guarantor are full and unconditional.
The Companys consolidating condensed financial information for the (i) Company; (ii) its wholly-owned subsidiary Propimex (on standalone basis), which is a wholly and unconditional guarantor under the Senior Notes; (iii) the combined non-guarantor subsidiaries; iv) eliminations and v) the Companys consolidated financial statements are as follows:
Parent | Wholly-owned Guarantor Subsidiary |
Combined non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Consolidated Total |
||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position As of December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
Ps. | 14,394 | Ps. | 936 | Ps. | 7,892 | Ps. | | Ps. | 23,222 | ||||||||||
Marketable securities |
| | 12 | | 12 | |||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
17,306 | 9,862 | 77,974 | (95,813 | ) | 9,329 | ||||||||||||||
Inventories |
| 3,669 | 4,434 | | 8,103 | |||||||||||||||
Recoverable taxes |
1 | 1,451 | 1,221 | | 2,673 | |||||||||||||||
Other current assets and financial assets |
32 | 200 | 2,326 | | 2,558 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total current assets |
31,733 | 16,118 | 93,859 | (95,813 | ) | 45,897 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures |
105,837 | 16,987 | 4,205 | (121,677 | ) | 5,352 | ||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
| 8,989 | 33,528 | | 42,517 | |||||||||||||||
Intangible assets, net |
21,712 | 24,920 | 20,381 | | 67,013 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current assets |
880 | 773 | 3,671 | | 5,324 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total non-current assets |
128,429 | 51,669 | 61,785 | (121,677 | ) | 120,206 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total assets |
Ps. | 160,162 | Ps. | 67,787 | Ps. | 155,644 | Ps. | (217,490 | ) | Ps. | 166,103 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term bank loans and notes payable and current portion of non-current debt |
Ps. | 4,548 | | 785 | | 5,333 | ||||||||||||||
Suppliers |
14 | 13,269 | 11,756 | (10,818 | ) | 14,221 | ||||||||||||||
Other current liabilities |
30,340 | 47,885 | 16,766 | (84,995 | ) | 9,996 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
34,902 | 61,154 | 29,307 | (95,813 | ) | 29,550 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Bank loans and notes payable |
23,372 | | 1,403 | | 24,775 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
239 | 333 | 6,378 | | 6,950 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total non-current liabilities |
23,611 | 333 | 7,781 | | 31,725 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total liabilities |
58,513 | 61,487 | 37,088 | (95,813 | ) | 61,275 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Equity: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent |
101,649 | 6,300 | 115,377 | (121,677 | ) | 101,649 | ||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries |
| | 3,179 | | 3,179 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total equity |
101,649 | 6,300 | 118,556 | (121,677 | ) | 104,828 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
Ps. | 160,162 | Ps. | 67,787 | Ps. | 155,644 | Ps. | (217,490 | ) | Ps. | 166,103 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-66
Parent | Wholly-owned guarantor subsidiary |
Combined non-guarantor subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Consolidated Total |
||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position As of December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
Ps. | 4,046 | Ps. | 629 | Ps. | 7,168 | Ps. | | Ps. | 11,843 | ||||||||||
Marketable securities |
| 330 | 330 | |||||||||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
16,941 | 4,818 | 52,822 | (65,949 | ) | 8,632 | ||||||||||||||
Inventories |
| 2,755 | 4,794 | | 7,549 | |||||||||||||||
Recoverable taxes |
27 | 1,123 | 1,065 | | 2,215 | |||||||||||||||
Other current assets and financial assets |
37 | 479 | 1,639 | | 2,155 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total current assets |
21,051 | 9,804 | 67,818 | (65,949 | ) | 32,724 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures |
86,397 | 17,693 | 3,038 | (103,472 | ) | 3,656 | ||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
| 7,268 | 30,834 | | 38,102 | |||||||||||||||
Intangible assets, net |
16,367 | 24,870 | 20,926 | | 62,163 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current assets |
1,090 | 729 | 3,274 | | 5,093 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total non-current assets |
103,854 | 50,560 | 58,072 | (103,472 | ) | 109,014 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total assets |
Ps. | 124,905 | Ps. | 60,364 | Ps. | 125,890 | Ps. | (169,421 | ) | Ps. | 141,738 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term bank loans and notes payable and current portion of non-current debt |
Ps. | 3,303 | 7 | 2,436 | | 5,746 | ||||||||||||||
Suppliers |
13 | 7,422 | 8,894 | (4,477 | ) | 11,852 | ||||||||||||||
Other current liabilities |
14,629 | 41,186 | 13,835 | (61,473 | ) | 8,177 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
17,945 | 48,615 | 25,165 | (65,950 | ) | 25,775 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Bank loans and notes payable |
16,470 | | 351 | | 16,821 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
462 | 439 | 5,160 | | 6,061 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total non-current liabilities |
16,932 | 439 | 5,511 | | 22,882 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total liabilities |
Ps. | 34,877 | 49,054 | 30,676 | (65,950 | ) | 48,657 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Equity: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent |
90,028 | 11,310 | 92,161 | (103,471 | ) | 90,028 | ||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries |
| | 3,053 | | 3,053 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total equity |
90,028 | 11,310 | 95,214 | (103,471 | ) | 93,081 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
Ps. | 124,905 | Ps. | 60,364 | Ps. | 125,890 | Ps. | (169,421 | ) | Ps. | 141,738 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-67
Parent | Wholly-owned guarantor subsidiary |
Combined non-guarantor subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Consolidated Total |
||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position As of January 1, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Assets: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
Ps. | 6,620 | Ps. | 395 | Ps. | 5,127 | Ps. | | Ps. | 12,142 | ||||||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
15,014 | 1,568 | 39,988 | (50,207 | ) | 6,363 | ||||||||||||||
Inventories |
| 1,960 | 3,047 | | 5,007 | |||||||||||||||
Recoverable taxes |
8 | 588 | 1,431 | | 2,027 | |||||||||||||||
Other current assets and financial assets |
95 | 107 | 1,028 | | 1,230 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total current assets |
21,737 | 4,618 | 50,621 | (50,207 | ) | 26,769 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Investments in associates and joint ventures |
68,843 | 10,092 | 1,968 | (78,795 | ) | 2,108 | ||||||||||||||
Property, plant and equipment, net |
| 6,318 | 22,152 | | 28,470 | |||||||||||||||
Intangible assets, net |
142 | 24,868 | 18,211 | | 43,221 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current assets |
207 | 668 | 2,884 | | 3,759 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total non-current assets |
69,192 | 41,946 | 45,215 | (78,795 | ) | 77,558 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total assets |
Ps. | 90,929 | Ps. | 46,564 | Ps. | 95,836 | Ps. | (129,002 | ) | Ps. | 104,327 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Short-term bank loans and notes payable and current portion of non-current debt |
Ps. | | | 1,840 | | 1,840 | ||||||||||||||
Interest payable |
136 | | 15 | | 151 | |||||||||||||||
Suppliers |
16 | 6,554 | 5,431 | (3,013 | ) | 8,988 | ||||||||||||||
Other current liabilities |
13,684 | 32,854 | 7,700 | (47,195 | ) | 7,043 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total current liabilities |
13,836 | 39,408 | 14,986 | (50,208 | ) | 18,022 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Long-term debt |
13,683 | | 1,562 | | 15,245 | |||||||||||||||
Other non-current liabilities |
535 | 624 | 4,466 | | 5,625 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total non-current liabilities |
14,218 | 624 | 6,028 | | 20,870 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total liabilities |
Ps. | 28,054 | 40,032 | 21,014 | (50,208 | ) | 38,892 | |||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Equity: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Equity attributable to equity holders of the parent |
62,875 | 6,532 | 72,262 | (78,794 | ) | 62,875 | ||||||||||||||
Non-controlling interest in consolidated subsidiaries |
| | 2,560 | | 2,560 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total equity |
62,875 | 6,532 | 74,822 | (78,794 | ) | 65,435 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total liabilities and equity |
Ps. | 90,929 | Ps. | 46,564 | Ps. | 95,836 | Ps. | (129,002 | ) | Ps. | 104,327 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-68
Parent | Wholly-owned guarantor Subsidiary |
Combined non-guarantor subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Consolidated Total |
||||||||||||||||
Condensed consolidating income statements: For the year ended December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues |
Ps. | 13,273 | Ps. | 51,180 | Ps. | 113,820 | Ps. | (30,534 | ) | Ps. | 147,739 | |||||||||
Cost of goods sold |
| 25,995 | 55,022 | (1,908 | ) | 79,109 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Gross profit |
13,273 | 25,185 | 58,798 | (28,626 | ) | 68,630 | ||||||||||||||
Administrative expenses |
166 | 7,909 | 5,907 | (7,765 | ) | 6,217 | ||||||||||||||
Selling expenses |
| 11,635 | 36,430 | (7,842 | ) | 40,223 | ||||||||||||||
Other expenses, net |
45 | 38 | 869 | | 952 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense (income) |
(85 | ) | 3,897 | (2,281 | ) | | 1,531 | |||||||||||||
Foreign exchange gain (loss), net |
424 | (25 | ) | (127 | ) | | 272 | |||||||||||||
Other financing revenues (cost), net |
32 | (20 | ) | 1 | | 13 | ||||||||||||||
Income taxes |
269 | 958 | 5,047 | | 6,274 | |||||||||||||||
Share of the profit of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method, net of taxes |
| 1,389 | 170 | (1,379 | ) | 180 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
Ps. | 13,334 | Ps. | 2,092 | Ps. | 12,870 | Ps. | (14,398 | ) | Ps. | 13,898 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Attributable to: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
Ps. | 13,334 | Ps. | 2,092 | Ps. | 12,305 | Ps. | (14,398) | Ps. | 13,333 | ||||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
| | 565 | | 565 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
Ps. | 13,334 | Ps. | 2,092 | Ps. | 12,870 | Ps. | (14,398 | ) | Ps. | 13,898 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent | Wholly-owned guarantor subsidiary |
Combined non-guarantor subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Consolidated Total |
||||||||||||||||
Condensed consolidating income statements: For the year ended December 31, 2011 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Total revenues |
Ps. | 11,124 | 43,015 | 94,308 | (25,223 | ) | 123,224 | |||||||||||||
Cost of goods sold |
| 21,982 | 45,803 | (1,092 | ) | 66,693 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Gross profit |
11,124 | 21,033 | 48,505 | (24,131 | ) | 56,531 | ||||||||||||||
Administrative expenses |
146 | 6,192 | 5,040 | (6,238 | ) | 5,140 | ||||||||||||||
Selling expenses |
| 10,178 | 28,695 | (6,780 | ) | 32,093 | ||||||||||||||
Other (income) expenses, net |
(15 | ) | 12 | 1,378 | | 1,375 | ||||||||||||||
Interest (income) expenses |
(242 | ) | 3,585 | (2,230 | ) | | 1,113 | |||||||||||||
Foreign exchange (loss) gain, net |
(480 | ) | (16 | ) | 557 | | 61 | |||||||||||||
Other financing (cost) revenues, net |
(144 | ) | 6 | 61 | | (77 | ) | |||||||||||||
Income taxes |
(51 | ) | 720 | 4,998 | | 5,667 | ||||||||||||||
Share of the profit of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method, net of taxes |
| 1,386 | 85 | (1,385 | ) | 86 | ||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
Ps. | 10,662 | Ps. | 1,722 | Ps. | 11,327 | Ps. | (12,498) | Ps. | 11,213 | ||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Attributable to: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
Ps. | 10,662 | Ps. | 1,722 | Ps. | 10,776 | Ps. | (12,498) | Ps. | 10,662 | ||||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
| | 551 | | 551 | |||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
Ps. | 10,662 | Ps. | 1,722 | Ps. | 11,327 | Ps. | (12,498 | ) | Ps. | 11,213 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F-69
Parent | Wholly-owned guarantor Subsidiary |
Combined Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Consolidated Total |
||||||||||||||||
Condensed consolidating statements of For the year ended December 31, 2012 |
||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated net income |
Ps. | 13,334 | Ps. | 2,092 | Ps. | 12,870 | Ps. | (14,398 | ) | Ps. | 13,898 | |||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Other comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on available-for sale securities, net of taxes |
(2 | ) | | (2 | ) | 2 | (2 | ) | ||||||||||||
Valuation of the effective portion of derivative financial instruments, net of taxes |
(179 | ) | (168 | ) | (167 | ) | 313 | (201 | ) | |||||||||||
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations |
(2,055 | ) | | (2,361 | ) | 2,055 | (2,361 | ) | ||||||||||||
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability, net of taxes |
(131 | ) | | (125 | ) | 131 | (125 | ) | ||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax |
(2,367 | ) | (168 | ) | (2,655 | ) | 2,501 | (2,689 | ) | |||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Consolidated comprehensive income for the year, net of tax |
Ps. | 10,967 | Ps. | 1,924 | Ps. | 10,215 | Ps. | (11,897 | ) | Ps. | 11,209 | |||||||||
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|
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Attributable to: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
Ps. | 10,967 | Ps. | 1,924 | Ps. | 9,973 | Ps. | (11,897 | ) | Ps. | 10,967 | |||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
| | 242 | | 242 | |||||||||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||
Consolidated comprehensive income for the year, net of tax |
Ps. | 10,967 | Ps. | 1,924 | Ps. | 10,215 | Ps. | (11,897 | ) | Ps. | 11,209 | |||||||||
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Parent | Wholly-owned guarantor Subsidiary |
Combined Non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Consolidated Total |
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Condensed consolidating statements of comprehensive income For the year ended December 31, 2011 |
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Consolidated net income |
Ps. | 10,662 | Ps. | 1,722 | Ps. | 11,327 | Ps. | (12,498 | ) | Ps. | 11,213 | |||||||||
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|
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Other comprehensive income: |
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Unrealized gain on available-for sale securities, net of taxes |
4 | | 4 | (4 | ) | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Valuation of the effective portion of derivative financial instruments, net of taxes |
27 | 188 | (180 | ) | (38 | ) | (3 | ) | ||||||||||||
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations |
4,073 | | 4,073 | (4,073 | ) | 4,073 | ||||||||||||||
Remeasurements of the net defined benefit liability, net of taxes |
(14 | ) | | (6 | ) | 14 | (6 | ) | ||||||||||||
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|
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Total comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax |
4,090 | 188 | 3,891 | (4,101 | ) | 4,068 | ||||||||||||||
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|
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Consolidated comprehensive income for the year, net of tax |
Ps. | 14,752 | Ps. | 1,910 | Ps. | 15,218 | Ps. | (16,599 | ) | Ps. | 15,281 | |||||||||
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Attributable to: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Equity holders of the parent |
Ps. | 14,752 | Ps. | 1,910 | Ps. | 14,689 | Ps. | (16,599) | Ps. | 14,752 | ||||||||||
Non-controlling interest |
| | 529 | | 529 | |||||||||||||||
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Consolidated comprehensive income for the year, net of tax |
Ps. | 14,752 | Ps. | 1,910 | Ps. | 15,218 | Ps. | (16,599 | ) | Ps. | 15,281 | |||||||||
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F-70
Parent | Wholly-owned Guarantor Subsidiary |
Combined non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Consolidated Total |
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the year ended December 31, 2012 |
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Cash flows from operating activities: |
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Income before income taxes and share of the profit of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method |
Ps. | 13,603 | Ps. | 1,661 | Ps. | 17,747 | Ps. | (13,019 | ) | Ps. | 19,992 | |||||||||
Non-cash items |
(13,855 | ) | 1,104 | 4,601 | 15,782 | 7,632 | ||||||||||||||
Changes in working capital |
(32 | ) | 2,333 | (6,275 | ) | | (3,974 | ) | ||||||||||||
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Net cash flows from operating activities |
(284 | ) | 5,098 | 16,073 | 2,763 | 23,650 | ||||||||||||||
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Investing activities: |
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Acquisitions |
(1,221 | ) | | 107 | | (1,114 | ) | |||||||||||||
Proceeds from the sale of marketable securities |
| | 273 | | 273 | |||||||||||||||
Interest received |
1,993 | 241 | 5,067 | (6,877 | ) | 424 | ||||||||||||||
Acquisition of long-lived assets, net |
| (2,810 | ) | (6,638 | ) | | (9,448 | ) | ||||||||||||
Acquisition of intangible assets and other investing activities |
| 6,780 | (4,398 | ) | (3,037 | ) | (655 | ) | ||||||||||||
Investments in shares |
29 | | (498 | ) | | (469 | ) | |||||||||||||
Dividends received |
5,085 | | | (5,085 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
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Net cash flows (used in) from investing activities |
5,886 | 4,211 | (6,087 | ) | (14,999 | ) | (10,989 | ) | ||||||||||||
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Financing activities: |
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Proceeds from borrowings |
11,837 | | 4,592 | | 16,429 | |||||||||||||||
Repayment of borrowings |
(3,394 | ) | | (5,070 | ) | | (8,464 | ) | ||||||||||||
Interest paid |
(1,761 | ) | (4,137 | ) | (2,673 | ) | 6,877 | (1,694 | ) | |||||||||||
Dividends paid |
(5,625 | ) | (4,838 | ) | (356 | ) | 5,085 | (5,734 | ) | |||||||||||
Acquisition of non-controlling interests |
| | (6 | ) | | (6 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other financing activities |
3,623 | | (4,368 | ) | 274 | (471 | ) | |||||||||||||
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Net cash flows from / (used in) financing activities |
4,680 | (8,975 | ) | (7,881 | ) | 12,236 | 60 | |||||||||||||
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Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents |
10,282 | 334 | 2,105 | | 12,721 | |||||||||||||||
Initial balance of cash and cash equivalents |
4,046 | 629 | 7,168 | | 11,843 | |||||||||||||||
Effects of exchange rate changes and inflation effects on the balance sheet of cash held in foreign currencies |
66 | (27 | ) | (1,381 | ) | | (1,342 | ) | ||||||||||||
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Ending balance of cash and cash equivalents |
Ps. | 14,394 | Ps. | 936 | Ps. | 7,892 | Ps. | | Ps. | 23,222 | ||||||||||
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F-71
Parent | Wholly-owned Guarantor Subsidiary |
Combined non-guarantor Subsidiaries |
Eliminations | Consolidated Total |
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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the year ended December 31, 2011 |
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Cash flows from operating activities: |
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Income before income taxes and share of the profit of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method |
Ps. | 10,611 | Ps. | 1,056 | Ps. | 16,240 | Ps. | (11,113 | ) | Ps. | 16,794 | |||||||||
Non-cash items |
(10,726 | ) | 725 | 2,307 | 13,550 | 5,856 | ||||||||||||||
Changes in working capital |
(27 | ) | 1,935 | (10,665 | ) | | (8,757 | ) | ||||||||||||
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Net cash flows (used in) from operating activities |
(142 | ) | 3,716 | 7,882 | 2,437 | 13,893 | ||||||||||||||
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Investing activities: |
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Acquisitions |
(4,326 | ) | | | | (4,326 | ) | |||||||||||||
Purchase of marketable securities |
| | (326 | ) | | (326 | ) | |||||||||||||
Interest received |
2,195 | 315 | 5,195 | (7,066 | ) | 639 | ||||||||||||||
Acquisition of long-lived assets, net |
| (1,836 | ) | (4,644 | ) | | (6,480 | ) | ||||||||||||
Acquisition of intangible assets and other investing activities |
(671 | ) | 5,294 | (1,516 | ) | (4,191 | ) | (1,084 | ) | |||||||||||
Investments in shares |
(4,327 | ) | (4,504 | ) | | 8,211 | (620 | ) | ||||||||||||
Dividends received |
3,605 | | | (3,605 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
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Net cash flows (used in) from investing activities |
(3,524 | ) | (731 | ) | (1,291 | ) | (6,651 | ) | (12,197 | ) | ||||||||||
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Financing activities: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Proceeds from borrowings |
5,000 | | 1,934 | | 6,934 | |||||||||||||||
Repayment of borrowings |
| 7 | (2,740 | ) | | (2,733 | ) | |||||||||||||
Interest paid |
(939 | ) | (3,900 | ) | (3,807 | ) | 7,066 | (1,580 | ) | |||||||||||
Dividends paid |
(4,359 | ) | (3,186 | ) | (426 | ) | 3,605 | (4,366 | ) | |||||||||||
Acquisition of non-controlling interests |
| | (115 | ) | | (115 | ) | |||||||||||||
Proceeds from issue of share capital |
| 4,344 | 3,867 | (8,211 | ) | | ||||||||||||||
Other financing activities |
989 | | (3,955 | ) | 1,754 | (1,212 | ) | |||||||||||||
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Net cash flows (used in) from financing activities |
691 | (2,735 | ) | (5,242 | ) | 4,214 | (3,072 | ) | ||||||||||||
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Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash Equivalents |
(2,975 | ) | 250 | 1,349 | | (1,376 | ) | |||||||||||||
Initial balance of cash and cash Equivalents |
6,620 | 395 | 5,127 | | 12,142 | |||||||||||||||
Effects of exchange rate changes and inflation effects on the balance sheet of cash held in foreign currencies |
401 | (16 | ) | 692 | | 1,077 | ||||||||||||||
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Ending balance of cash and cash equivalents |
Ps. | 4,046 | Ps. | 629 | Ps. | 7,168 | Ps. | | Ps. | 11,843 | ||||||||||
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note 30. Subsequent Events
Effective January 25, 2013, the Company finalized the acquisition of 51% of Coca-Cola Bottlers Philippines, Inc. (CCBPI) for an amount of $688.5 in an all-cash transaction. As part of the agreement, Coca-Cola FEMSA has an option to acquire the remaining 49% of CCBPI at any time during the seven years following the closing and has a put option to sell its ownership to The Coca-Cola Company any time during year six .The results of CCBPI will be recognized by the Company using the equity method, given certain substantive participating rights of the Coca-Cola Company in the operations of the bottler.
On January 17, 2013, the Company and Grupo Yoli, S.A. de C.V. (Grupo Yoli) agreed to merge their beverage divisions. Grupo Yoli beverage division operates mainly in the state of Guerrero, as well as in part of the state of Oaxaca, Mexico. The merger agreement was approved by both Coca-Cola FEMSAs and Grupo Yolis Boards of Directors as well as by The Coca-Cola Company and is subject to the approval of the Comisión Federal de Competencia the Mexican antitrust authority. The transaction will involve the issuance of approximately 42.4 million of the Companys newly issued series L shares and in addition the Company will assume Ps. 1,009 in net debt. This transaction is expected to be completed during the first semester of 2013.
F-72
In February 2013, the Venezuelan government announced a devaluation of its official exchange rates from 4.30 to 6.30 bolivars per U.S. dollar. The exchange rate that will be used to translate the Companys financial statements to its reporting currency beginning February 2013 pursuant to the applicable accounting rules will be 6.30 bolivars per U.S. dollar. As a result of this devaluation, the balance sheet of the Companys Venezuelan subsidiary reflected a reduction in shareholders equity of approximately Ps. 3,500 which will be accounted for at the time of the devaluation in February 2013.
On February 26, 2013, the Companys Board of Directors agreed to propose an ordinary dividend of Ps.2.90 per share to be paid in installments of Ps.1.45 per share on each of May 2, 2013 and November 5, 2013. This dividend was approved at the Annual Shareholders meeting on March 5, 2013.
F-73